Weekly Corvallis Gazette,
FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 20, 1S84.
Our Ticket.
FOR PRESIDENT,
JAMES G. BLAINE,
of Maine.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT,
GEN. JOHN A. LOGAN,
of Illinois.
For Presidential Electors:
D. P. THOMPSON, of Multnomah;
J. C. LEASURE, of Umatf'la;
WARREN TRU1TT, of Polk.
THE NEW ELEMENTS IN PRESIDENTIAL
CIRCULATIONS.
The redistribution of political power
made by the last Census, as well as the
recent changes in politics, render a
revision of the old Presidential calcu
lations necessary. The electorial
College of 1872, based on the ninth
Census, contained 366 votes. The ad
mission of Colorado in the centennial
year increased the number to 3G9. In
the Presidential election of that year it
was decided that Hayes had 185 votes
against 184 for Tilden. In 18S0 the
number of the Electorial College being
Still 369, Garfield obtained 21 -I votes
to 155 for Hancock, though by the
popular vote the former bad only a
plurality of 3,834. Under the tenth
Census the Electorial College has been
increased from 369 o 401. This time
201 votes will be required to elect the
President of the United States.
The adjustment by which the Elec-
-torial College was increased from 369
to 401 members, was about as fair as
could have been devised. The number
of the members of the House was in
creased from 293 to Ine new
seats, 32 in all, were nearly equally
divided between the North and the
South, in proportion to population.
The Electorial College is based on the
numbers of the Senate and the House.
One elector is allowed for each Senator
and Representative, which bri. gs up
the total number to 401, as already
stated. But any calculation based ex
clusively on the vote of 1880 must
necessarily prove defective for two
reasons: (11 The redistribution of
political power; and (2) the political
changes that have since taken place
In 1880 Garfield carried eighteen
States and had a plurality in one.
Hancock carried seventeen States and
had a plurality in two. The State
majorities in the case of both candi
dates were very small. The largest
majority which Garfield had was
polled in Massachusetts, namely,
48,008. Hancock's largest majority
was in Texas that is to say, 67,400.
The off-years developed no new move
ments in politics. The off-years in the
preceding interval brought on the
scene in some places the Workingmen's
party; and in others the Greenbackei's.
Hard times, such as these were, stimu
lated the former into activity. The
country had fallen into a stagnant con
dition as the resrlt of the speculation
which preceded 1873. The contraction
necessaiy to reach resumption closed
out large masses of improvident debt
ors. The Greenback movement was
one in the interest of that class. They
made a fierce struggle for inflation by
which they could have scaled their
debts. But resumption became an
absolute financial necessity and they
weie forced one side. Finally the
Workingmen and Greenbackers
coalesced. But as they had nothing in
common these united factions made no
headway. As a matter of fact incon
vertible paper is the most complete de
vice ever invented for cheating labor
of its rewards.
But in the off-years this time, in
stead of the formation of third parties,
the Republicans began to develop one
of their hereditary tendencies, so to
speak, of sumptuary laws. They be
came committed to Such legislation in
Kansas. Iowa and several other States.
The result was a new Democratic
Tidal-Wave, which removed several
States from the Republican column,
arrested the tendency in the United
States Senate to a Republican majority,
afterwards secured by a mere political
accident, and gave us a large Demo
cratic majority in the House. But in
later political contests, the Republicans
have laid aside the notion which
brought them nothing but defeat.
Since then the Tariff, which both
parties for a long time rather evaded,
has become a living positive issue. The
Republicans distinctly uphold Protec
tion, as the majority of the Democrats
lean toward Free Trade. The question
is much better understood now than
in former years. It was indirectly an
issue in 1880, but even in that shape
it is supposed to have largely con
tributed to the defeat of the Democrats.
The indications are that it will exercise
a more potent influence in the struggle
before us. Large masses of Working-
men are alarmed at the prospect of
a reduction oi their wages to tne
European standard, as a consequence
of the free trade proclivities of the
Democrats, provided they should gain
supreme power. This issue is large
enough to be decisive of the contest.
But there is not the least use in specu
lating now as to the exact effect that
it is going to have ra the present
dignment of parties. The Republi
cans, however, naturally expect large
accessions to their ranks from Demo
cratic art'?ans and laborers everywhere.
There is certain to be much chang
ing about. Georgia is not nearly so
rampant about Free Trade since she
began to manufacture cotton. A
change of sentiment of like character
is observable in the Carolines. Louis
iana has long had a strong tendency in
the same direction. The Democratic
majority in Florida is very small and
declining. Northern people are filling
up the State. The Mahone defection
has weakened Bourbonism in Virginia,
On any fair survey of the "situation''
it must be conceded that the Demo
cratic party is not nearly so well con
solidated in the South as it was in 1880.
i!ut there is a number ot tares upon
which it can still confidently reckon,
They are appended with their elec
torial votes:
States. VoTii iStaiks. Votes
Ala ran lOlM'sMuuri 16
Arliamras ftNbrih C.-.rolina
Delegare Slboath Carolina
Georii'a 12 T;nnes?ee
Kentucky r.iTexas 13
Marv'and 8' Virginia 12
Mississippi 9'
Total lu.
On the other hand there are certain
States which are morally sure for the
Republicans, as follows:
States.
Colo-. Co. . .
JUvois
Iowa
Kansas
Maine . . .
VOTtS. STATE!. Vo'Ei.
U Minnesota 7
"2iNebraak? 5
13i New Hampshire 4
9i Pennsylvania SO
CilUioue Island 4
Massachusetts "-Vermont 4
Mie'.U''iin 13tWiseousin ?1
Oregon 31 -
Nevada 3ITotal TSl
The States iu which the battle is to
be really fought are the following:
States. Votes-. States. Vot..
Connecticut ; l'i..j il,. 4
luiaiia 1.5 1 Louisiana 8
New York 36 New Jersey
Ohio 2h West Virgira 0
California 8
Toal 1-5
If the tariff is to have the effect,
which if properly understood, it will
surely exercise, it ought to add to the
Republican column the following
States:
Static. Vot.-5s.Sta .s. Votf.s.
Connecticut 0 Lou'sbm" 8
Ohio 23 New Jersey it
Ca&forirtk 8 West Virgin1 6
Florida 4
foia' 64
That would of course give the elec
tion to the Republicans. The indus
tries and products called into action in
these states, n favor of the Republi
cans, will be general manufactures,
wool, coal, fruits, wine, bcax, olive
oil, raisins, quicks;'ver, sugar, silk,
lumber. Reducing the whole question
to the ultimate analysis, it may be said
that the Republicans can win either
with New York or the Pacific States.
But the Democrats cannot win without
New York. Nobody, it may be said,
ever knows how the last mentioned
State is going. It seems to take a
delight in killing off the political
prophets. The individuals who pro
fess to tie able to carry it never do; at
least this always appears when : a
chance is offered to measure thei
alleged power. .S. F. Bulletin.
At a meeting of the house com
mittee on appropriations recently, the
following resolutions, offered by Ran
dall, was adopted, as an amendment to
the general deficiency bill, by a vote of
6 to 3, a party vote of those present:
"That no senator, representative, or
delegate in congress, or senator rep
resentative or delegate elect, and no
officer, clerk or employee of the United
States, or any department, branch or
bureau thereof, or any person receiving
any salary or compensation from
moneys derived from the treasury of
the United States, or any contractors
under the United States government,
shall give or hand ovr to any person
or persons, directly or indirectly, any
money or other valuable thing, on ac
count of or to be applied to the pro
motion of any political object what
ever; that any person guilty of a vio
lation of this provision shall be guilty
of a misdemeanor, and shall, on con
viction thereof, be punished by a fine
of not exceeding $5000, or imprison
ment not exceeding a term of three
years, or by both fine and imprison
ment, in the discretion of the court.
TILDEN DECLINES.
In his letter to the chairman of the
democratic state committee, New York,
he says: "At the present time the
considerations which induced my action
in 1880 have become imperative.
I ought not to assume a task which I
have not the physical strength to carry
through. To reform the administra
tion of the federal government, to re
alize my own ideal, and to fulfill the
just expectations of the people, would
indeed warrant, as they could alone
compensate, the sacrifice which the
undertaking would involve; but in my
condition of advancing years and de-i
clining strength I feel no assurance of
my ability to accomplish those objects.
I am therefore constrained to say
definitely that I cannot now assume
the labors of an administration or of a
canvass, undervaluing in nowise that
best gift of heaven, the occasion, and
the power sometimes bestowed upon a
mere individual to communicate an
impulse for good. Gratified beyond all
words to my fellow countrymen, who
would assign such a beneficent function
to me, I am consoled by the reflection
that neither the democratic party nor
the republican, for whose future that
party is the best j8arantee, does not
now nor ever can depend upon any one
man for their successful continuous
progress in the path of a noble destiny.
Having given to their welfare what
ever of health and strength 1 possessed
or could borrow from the future, and
having reached the term of my
capacity for such labors, as their wel
fare now demands, I but submit to the
will of God in deeming my public
career forever closed."
This letter of Samuel J. Tilden re
fusing the democratic nomination for
president is regarded by representatives
and senators of both parties as the
most important event of the impending
campaign. The enemies and the
friends of the sage of Gramercy unite
in admiration of his last will and tes
tament to the public. Republicans as
well as democrats concede that his
letter is a fitting and appropriate end
ing to a career that is unprecedented
in the history of American statesmen.
Tilden's declination leave i the demo
crats truly at sea, as regards the selec
tion of a candidate, and it involves the
convention which will assemble at
Chicago next month with interest
wholly unexpected. His refusal to be
a candidate also inspires the friends of
Blaine with renewed confidence. They
aver that Tilden's declination was
caused in part by his knowledge of
the strength of Blaine as a popular
candidate, and in support of this
assertion they present the fact that the
ex-governor permitted state after state
to declare a preference for his nom
ination, and held back his letter of re
fusal until after the nomination of the
republican ticket. The democrats ridi
cule this assertion, say that Tilden was
their strongest candidate, and explain
that the old man's withdrawal was
withheld, naturally, until the time
when the action of the party in the
different states made it certain that he
could have been nominated by accla
mation. There are a few enthusiastic Tilden
men who refuse to accept his declina
tion as final, but these persistent gen
tlemen do not know the fabric of which
the old leader is made. In 1880,
after addressing his letter of declina
tion to the Cincinnati convention,
there was some talk of forcing the
nomination on him. Tilden then
telegraphed to his friend, Daniel Man
ning: "No friends must be allowed to
cast a doubt on my motives or my
sincerity." Tilden refused to take the
nomination in 1880 because Thomas
A. Hendricks declined to accept the
nomination of vice president, render
ing the old ticket impossible. Hend
ricks, for months past, has longingly
hoped for the vice presidency nom
ination, and Tilden now has his re
venge. No democratic tears will be
dropfied over tlje grave of the Indiana
politician.
There is no time since the war when
the democratic party presented a more
bankrupt appearance than it does
since Tilden declines the nomination
for president. What the party intends
to do under this bereavement is not
yet known. It has a miscellaneous
assortment of candidates in reserve,
such as Ban Butler, Cleveland,
Bayard, Thurman and others, not one
of whom in any Lense can be regarded
as wonder-worke s. There is clearly a
dearth of men and prnciples, and time
may lead to curious results. The dem
ocrats have for some years professed to
have a political wonder in the peisonof
S. J. Tilden, but since his positive re
fusal to accept the nomination they are
like a ship at sea with a broken rudder.
In his letter he says "the presidency
his no illusion for him." The posi
tion he has taken, although somewhat
unique, is evident 1 candid.
It will be remembered that during
the greater part of his term in the
state department Blaine was watching
at the couch of the wounded Garfield,
and that nothing in the shape of paper
could be signed by his dying friend.
During the six months he was in the
state department Elaine, because of
Garfield's assassination, gave little or
no attention to his duties. Some of
the democratic leaders are doubtful of
pushing these records, and calling at
tention to the pathetic features of
Blaine's attendance at Garfield's bed
side, as it may start boom in the
wrong direction, especially as there is
li ttle doubt, if Garfield had lived, that
Blaine would have raised a great
breeze over the imprisonment of
American suspects in England.
Cm6.
fim?i
INDEPENDENCE FOREVER!
Caution appears to characterize the
actions of all New York business men
now: Few ventures are making other
than legitimate, and the general mer
chandise markets therefore present
rather a quiet appearance. Many be
lieve that the trade of the summer
months -vill be greater than usual, but
with the political campaign in prospect
it is doubtful if a material improve
ment in the business situation will
occur until the excitement has subsiden
and fall 'requirements manifest themselves.
The rapid payment of the national
debt is something marvelous, and
shows what mighty resources the
American people possess. It is now
seventeen years and a little over since
the debt reached its highest figures.
On July 1, 1866, it was $2,773,236,
173.69. At the end of tdttve years,
under the beneficent publr financeer
ing by the republican party, it had
been reduced, July 1, 1878, $517,020,
281.16, leaving the standing liability
still over $2.000,000,000 $2,256,
215,892.53. On July 1, 1883, it had
been half met and a larger reduction
made in its interest rate. In twenty
years the great debt contracted for the
preservation of the Union will be vir
tually wiped out. Ex.
For tne BeneSi of the Pacific Coast.
Washington, June 16. In the senate
this morning Slater offered several amend
ments to the house river and harbor bill, by
which the appropriations were r.Etsed to the
amounts asked for by Mr. George. When
the bill was before the house committee, it
will be remembered, that committee cut off
nearly a'l the appropriations recommended
by the engineers, in order to keep down the
total of the bill. Among Slatei's amend
ments was one for improving Coos bay 50,-
000; for improving the mouth of the Colum
bia river, 100,000, and for the Coqnille
river, $15,000, none of which was allowed by
the house amendments. They were all
referred to the committee on commerce.
Senator Miller introduced an amendment
to the deficiency bill, which was referred to
the committee on appropriations, appropri
ating $458,434 to pay the state of California
5 per cent, of the net proceeds of sales of
public lands prior to June 30, 1883. A bill
to encompass the same end has been favora
bly reported to both houses by the commit
tees on public lands.
TheivliiB Fishermen.
Astoria, June 16. As the fishing sea
son approaches its close, the river pirates
among the fishermen are beginning to show
their bands. A night or two since four
Greeks forcibly took possession of a net be
longing to two Scandinavians. Their boats
drifted on Sand island, where the Greeks
attacked the other men with knives and re
volvers. One named Mettlin was stabbed
in the left side and on the right shoulder,
and was shot in two places with a revolver.
The Greeks got away with the net, and
Carlson, Mettlin's partner, brought the
wounded man to the Astoria hospital, where
he now lies in a critical condition.
To-day news comes that Salvo, a fisher
man, finding his boat in the breakers; cut
his net to save his life. Three Russian
Finns picked up the drifting net in sight of
Salvo and his boat puller. Salvo demanded
his net, offering the Finns all the salmon
caugnt in it. ineir refusal to give it up
led to an attempt to take it by force, which
resulted in Salvo and his man being thrown
overboard, and one Finn receiving a gunshot
wound. The men thrown overboard were
picked up by another boat.
The Report to be Modified.
Washington, June 17. Charles Francis
Adams, representing the Union Pacific
railroad, with the chief bookkeeper of the
company, had an interview to-day with the
secretary of the interior and the commis
sioner of railroads in regard to the report
upon the financial condition of the com
pany, prepared by agents of the road and
bureau for transmission to the judiciary
committees of the senate and house. The
company claims the associated report did
not correctly represent the financial condi
tion. The secretary, upon hearing their
arguments, decided that the report should
in some respects be modified.
Crown Mower. The latest and best
mower in the market for the money, at
Woodcock & Baldwin's.
Grand Celebration at
Corvallis, Or., July 4, 1884.
Invitations are being extended to the people of all the r.eifhborine
counties, cities and towns, inviting them to meet with the people oi Benton
county, tor me purpose oi ceieDrating in a becoming manner, the
108th. ANNIVERSARY
01 American npepnwdenge?3
No efforts are being spared to make the coming Celebration far eupass anything of
kind ever before held in Benton County. In addition to the interestine exercises of thn
day, there wiH be a Pioneers' lteunion at night, Camp-Hre, Speeches, etc. To close with.
A Grand Ball by the Fire Companies.
PROGEAMMEE OF EXERCISES:
A Salute of Thirteen Guns at Sunrise.
Grand Procession at 9 o'clock, .A., VT.,
Consisting of the legular Liberty Car with its Goddese and fair rep
resentative of the various States and Territories; Parade of Military,
Firemen, Pioneer and other Civic Societies.
tno Ooxx t House IFtils.,
Prayer, by the Chaplain, Rev. J. R. N. Bell.
Reading the Declaration of Independence, by Hon. W. S. McFadden.
Oration, by Hon. R. P. Boise.
Singing Prtiiouc Airs, by prominent vocalists.
Bask.et Dinner,
Everybody invited to come prepared.
Fioans' Contest Fool Races, Sack Races, Etc, He,
The Committee OiTer a Valuable piize for a
Foot Race by Pioneers over 50 years of ae,e, who came
to Oregon p. ior to 1353.
In the evening the Pioneers1 Camp Fire will lighted and speeches
made by prominent Phoned s. The exercises of the day will be inter
spersced with music by the Independence Brass Band.
THE MUTUAL SELF-ENDOWMENT
TSTD BENEVOLENT
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA.
Grand Central Office removed to Fort Worth, Texas.
SAM CUNDIFF, President.
B. W. BROWN, Vice-President.
E. M. MACY, Secretary.
A. W. MOF.1USON, Treas.
Chartered under the laws of the State of Texas. June 11th, 1881. Cnpyrhfl t secured by fiHrg title June 11,
18S1, in the office of the librarian of Congress, 1). C.
PACIFIC COAST DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE:
No. 7 Powell St. Corner Market. San Pranciseo-
OFFICERS:
O. C. WHEELER, DI). LLD., President.
W. H. WARD, Vice-President.
W. E. TAYLOR, M. D., Medical Director.
J. N. RUSSELL, Sn., Superintendent.
J. N. RUSSELL, Jh. Secretary.
CALIFORNIA SAVINGS BANK, Treasurer.
CAPT. J. N, LEONARD, State Supt., Portland, Or.
The object of this Association is to provide endovmens for living members as well as benefits for
fmiJizs of decepsed members, at the least cos consistent with perfect security, by issuing endowments as
well rs death benfit certificates.
The plan ciiihcaces two form?, lite and death. One pays at the death of a member, and the othe pays
in five equal instal1 merits diuhiir life. The association is oeratcd on the mutual plan. It lies no stosk
hclders U absorb its earnings, and no trustees among: whom to uivide its surplus.
The total membership nf the association now amounts to nearly ten thousand with a stT'ly in irt-v- ?
erch month. The association has disbursed to date :?"294,4ir,70 in benefits to the lc:itees of det eased num
bers, and on maturing coupons. Is loaning from ten to fifteen thousand per month to lr in member.
REVIEW SINCE ORGANIZATION,
Paid Legatees ....
Loaned on first matnrinsr Coupons Home Office
Loaned on first maturing Coupons Department Offices
Total - - $310,774.63
Agents Wanted in every county of the Pacific Coast.
F. M. JohnSOn, Besident Agent, - - Corvallis, Oregon.
$ 129,00(5,01
lfi2,821,5tf
18,947,05
The Direct War Tax.
Washington, Jnne 17. Secretary Fol
ger to-day sent a letter to the house com
mittee on claims, recommending favorable
reports on all bills designed to return the
direct war tax of 18G1 to those states and
territories that had levied it. He enclosed
a letter from First Comptroller Lawrence,
in which the legality of the proposed mea
sures to refund this money was affirmed.
Mr. Lawrence thinks congress ought to re
pay all money collected by tax, and release
those states which are still in arrears. Two
bills are now pending before congress, one
by Henley and one by Miller, relating to
money due the Pacific coast. Under the
report made by Secretary Folder, there are
due the following amounts: California
247,941, Nevada 4)92, Oregon 35,140.
The propriety of making the recommenda
tion not only received the sanction of the
secretary of the treasury and Comptroller
Lawrence, but was recently the subject of
action by the entire cabinet. Several mill
ion dollars will be required to pay what is
due. John Mullen, attorney for the states
and territories to whom these amounts are
due, says none of the bills will probably
pass this session, but that next winter all
will be acted on favorably.
Washington, June 17. Secretary Teller
has modified the government exports' re
port on the Union Pacific sompany, and the
officials of the road now declare themselves
better satisfied. The point of difference is
understood to be that the experts failed to
place among the assets certain amounts due
the company. Counsel for the railroad, it
is said, convinced Secretary Teller that
these sums are clearly assets, hence the
modification. The reports as modified will
be considerably more favorable to the road
than the original draft.
Threshers, horse and steam power, the
old Buffalo Pitts, never excelled and stilt
ahead, at Woodcock & Baldwin's.
Tne Mexican Treaty.
Washington, June 17. In the report
accompanying the bill to carry into effect
the Mexican treaty, prepared by Hewitt
and reported from the ways and means
committee to-day, the committee says it has
been feared the sugar industry of Louisiana
might be unfavorably effected by the free
admission of the raw Mexican sugar, anil
that the profits of tobacco culture might
ultimately in the same way be effected.
When it is considered that Mexico at pres
ent does "not raise sufficient sugar for its
own use, and that its tobacco is of a quality
which does not interfere with the product of
the United States, but, on the contrary,
would advantageously supplement it and
replace tobacco which is now imported from
Cuba, the objection therefore arises rather
from apprehension in the development of
Mexico in the production of those two
articles than from any considerable im
portation at the present time. The pros
pect of interference is evidently too remote
to weigh against the advantages which will
accrue to the United States from the ad
mission of our manufactures, free of duty
into Mexico.
Mexico is the gate through which this
country will find its connection with the
Central and South American states. The
time has already arrived when we must
adopt the continental policy of laying the
foundation bruad and deep, in mutual in
terests and intimate commercial and political
sympathies. The Monroe doctrine must be
asserted, and enforced. It is essential for
our safety, as well as our growth, that we
shall exercise a controlling influence on the
affairs of the western world. It may not be
desirable that we should extend the limit of
our sovereignty beyond onr own borders,
but every measure which tends to establish
closer relations with onr neighbors, to
create mutual interests, to develop common
hope and sympathies, and to tie us more
closely together in support of the principles
of free government and progress of human
liberty should be encouraged. It is for this
reason that the treaty with Mexico marks
an era in the progress of the western' world.