Published every Friday Morning
BY M, S. WOODCOCK.
SUBSCRIPTION RATt8:
(Parable in Ailvanee.)
c, v- $2 BO
Six Months 1 60
Three Months 1 00
Single Copies 10c
Per Year (when not paid in advonce) 3 00
All notices and advertisements intended .for pub
cation should be handed in by noon on Wednesdays
Rates of advertising made known on application.
Miscellaneous Business Cards.
M, S. WOODCOCK,
uA.ttoriiev at - Law,
Corvallis, - - Oregon.
KELSAY & KEESEE.
Attorneys - at - Law.
Corvallis,
19-22-Tl.
- Oregon.
b. ft. FABRA, M. D.,
3?h.ysician & Surgeon.
0
FFICE OVER GRAHAM, HAMILTON A CO'S
Drug Store. Corvallis, Oregon 19:25yl
T. V B. EMBREE, M. 0.,
l?h.ysio::aii& Surgeon.
Office 2 doors south of H. E. Harris' Store,
Corvallis, - - Oregon.
Residence en the southwest corner of block, north
and west of the Methodist church.
19:21-yrl.
F. A. JOHNSON,
3?h.ysician, Surgeon,
And Electrician.
Chronic Uiseases n. ade a specialty. Catarrh suc
flssfully treated. Also Oculist and Aurist.
Office in Fisher's Iileck, one door West of Dr. F.
: Vincent's dental office. Office hours rom 8 to 12
nd from 1 to o'clock. 19:27yl
F. J. ROWLAND,
Blacksmith & Wagonmaker,
Philomath, Oregon.
Mr. Rowland is prepared to do all kinds of wagon
inaking, repairing and blacksmithing to order. He
Uses the best of material every time and warrants
his work. 19-32-lyr
W. C. Crawford,
J E WEL E R .
KEEPS CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE
assortment of Watches, Clocks, Jewelry, etc.
AM kinds of repairing done on short notice!, and al
Vork warranted. 18:33-yl
FRAZER
Axle Grease.
Best in the world. Get the genuine. Ev
ery package has oar trade-mark and is. mark
ed Frazer'a. SOLD EVERYWHERE. 50y
Attorney - at - jLaw,
CoRVAr.us,
Oregon.
SPECIAL attention eiven to collections, and money
collected promptly paid over. Careful and
prompt attention given to Probate matters. Con
veyancing and searching of records, Ac
LOANS NEGOTIATED.
Wi give attention to buying, selling and leasing real
estate, and conducts a general collecting and busi
ness agency.
Office on Second Street, one door north of Irvin's
hoe shop. 18:43yl
CORVALLIS
Photograph Gallery.
PnOTOGKAPHS FROM MIJTATUEK TO
LIFE SIZE.
First Class Work Only!
Copying In all branches. I? uce of all kinds and
firewood taken at cash prices. E. HESLOP.
E. H. TAYLOR.
3D IE 3STTZ S T
The oldest established Dentist and
the best outfit in Corvallis.
All work kept in repair free of charg-e and satisfac
on guaranteed. Teeth extracted without pain by
he use of Nitrous Oxide Gas.
ARooms up-stairs over Jacobs & Neugass' new
6rick Store, Corvallis, Oregon. 19:27yt
THE YAQT3INA HOUSE!
Is now prepared to accommodate travelers
IN FIRST-CLASS STYLE,
MEALS AT ALL HOURS FOR
OftLY 55 CENTS.
HOUSE FEED
Constantly on hand, at the
LOWEST LIVING RATES,
Situaued on the Yaquina Road, half way
torn Corvallis to Newport.
I9:12yl. P. BRYANT.
PORTER, SLBSKGEB & CO.,
Manufacturer? and Jobbers of
THE CELEBRATED
IRON CLAD
BOOT & SHOE.
These Coods are Warrant
ed not to rip.
All Genuine have the trade mark "IKON CLAD"
stamped thereon.
117 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cat.
GOODS FOR SALE AT
MAX FRIENDLY' S
Corvallis, Oregon.
VOL. XX.
CORVALLIS, OREGON, FEB. 2, 1883,
NO. 6a
L
Ft J. Hendrichson,
Boot and Shoe Maker,
Philomath Oregon.
T alnrora Iraon rn hintl tlinprinr ma
furial aiwT warrant niv wnrlr T lf nn pvaiimi.ltlon
of mv goods before purchasing elsewhere.
19-SS-ljT F. J. Hendrichson.
P. H.JSawtell.
cri
NEW FIRM!
AURICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS
We have in stock the
Deerihg Twine Binders,
Deering and StandarTMowrs,
Minnesota Chiet Threshers,
Morrison Plows,
Minnesota Giant and Stillwater Engines, Elwood
mounted Horse-Power, Centennial Fanning" mill, cel
ebrated Buckeye line of Seeders and Drills.
Wc also keep the celebrated Whitewater and
Ketchum wagons.
june-iyl W. H. MILLHOLLAND.
OCCIDENTAL HOTEL,
Corvallis, Oregon.
CANAN & GIBLIN, PROPRIETORS.
THE OCCIDENTAL is a new building,
newly furnished, and is first class iii all its
appointments.
RATES LIBERAL.
Stages leave the hotel for Albany and Yaquina Bay
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
Large Sample Room on First Floor for
Commercial Tien. 19-35 ly
C. W. PKILBRICK,
GEXERAL
Contractor and Bridge Builder,
Corvallis, Oregon.
Will attend promptly to all work under
his charge.
19-27yl
J. W. HANSON,
MERCHANT TAILOR
AND DEALER IN
eady IVEad e Clothing,
Next door South of Post Office,
CORVALLIS, - . - . OREGON.
Pantaloons made to order of Oregon
Goods for $7.50.
English Goods, $11. French, $14
tS 'Suits from $30 to $60.m
Cleaning and Repairing done at Reasonable Rates
19:51yl
Music for Everybody.
MERRILL'S
INGENIOUS
METHOD !
COPYRIGHT SECURED.
For starting children and others in the cul
true of Music. It overcomes the drudgery
of learning the elements of Music by pleas
ant amusement: This new method teaches
you all about the Musical Staff, Degrees of
the Staff, Clefs, Notes and Rests, Scale,
Intervals of the Scale, Location of Letters
on the Staff, and their relation to the Keys
of the instrument (This is very important
with children) Flats and Sharps and their
use. All the different Keys, how to lorm
Chords or musical words. It teaches the
syllables, Do, Re, Mi, etc., in singing. It
contains a complete musical catechism. It
is mcltdm in parvo. All this is learned
while the learner is amusing himself by
playing familiar tunes. Persons with no mu
sical talent may play the tunes, as the
guide is such that he cannot strike the
wrong key. Full directions and four pieces
of music accompany the Method. Sent by
mail for $1.00. Address,
CHICAGO PIANO CO.,
78 &80 Van Buren St., Chicago, 111"
44 m.3
The Welcome Bain.
AUGUST KNIGHT,
CABINET MAKER,
UNDERTAKER.
Cor. Second and Monroe Sts.,
CORVALLIS,
OREGON,
Keeps constantly on hand all kind's of
FUENITUEE
Coffins and Caskets.
Down through the misty air,
Down from the gloom above,
Falling, wittering everywhere,
The rain comes quick with love.
Softly the missel-thrush
Sing- in the golden corn;
The robin under the laurel bush
Waits for to-morrow morn.
Drip, arip, drip from the caves,
Pit, pit, pit on the pane,
Swish, swish, swish on the leaves
List! 'tis the song of of the rain.
Grasses are bending low.
Green is the corn and thick;
You can almost see the nettles grow.
They grow so strong and quick.
Soft is the wind from the west,
Softer the rain's low sigh;
The sparrow washes his smoky breast,
And watches the gloomy sky,
Stirred' are the boughs by the breeze,
Scarcely a leaf is still.
Something is moving amoung the tree
Like a restless spirit of ill.
Standing watching the rain,
Do not seem to hear
The voice of God outspeaking again.
To man's ungrateful ear?
Promising plenty and peace.
Garners with treasure heaped;
That seed-time and harvest shall not cease
Till the Harvest of Earth is reaped.
BENTON BOUNTY.
Description of Its Appearance and Present
Condition by Voting Precincts.
Written Expressly for tne Gazette by a
Tnirty Years Resident of
tne County.
Work done to order on short notice and at
reasonable rates.
Corvallis, July 1, 1881. 19:27yl.
LOWER ALSEA PRECINCT
Is situated in the south-west por
tion of Benton county and extends
along the coast from Beaver creek
some six or eight miles north of the
bay to the south line of the county
some ten miles south, ijeing about
sixteen miles along the beach and
about six miles from east to west.
It embraces the Alsea bay and its
surroundings. The bay is formed by
a gradual widening of the Alsea river
so that it is rather difficult, to deter
mine just where the river terminates
and the bay properly commences.
The bay may be considered as ex
tending inland about eight miles, of
an average width of about an half
mile. Near the mouth the bay turns
abruptly to the south, and passes out
over a sandy bar about five hundred
yards wide, and a depth of eight or
nine feet at low water. On the south
is an abrupt sandy bluff and to the
north a low sandy beach. Skirting
the bay are narrow bottoms which
frequently widen into tide lands of
the best quality, yielding good crops
where cultivated. On the south are
two creeks or sloughs entering the bay,
on which is much good land, and on
the heads much' good fir, spruce and
cedar timber; and on the north and
heading near table mountain is Drift
Creek, on which are a number of set
tlers and room for several more. Sur
rounding the bay are low hills in
many places extending nearly to the
waters edge, these are mostly covered
with fir and spruce timber of the best
quality. Extending down the ocean
beach from the Alsea is a range of low
hills more or less covered with scrub
pines near the ocean, but a little dis
tance back with fir and spruce tim
ber. About three miles down the
beach Big creek enters into the ocean,
on this creek and for a distance of
three or four miles further south and a
little distance from the beach is some
good land, still subject to homestead.
At about seven miles from the bay is
the old agency farm, now owned by
Geo. M. Starr and his son Edwin.
This consists of a prairie about one
and one fourth miles on the ocean
and about one-half miles in width.
This slopes from the base of a timber
covered hill to the beach, and is open
to the ocean storms. Immediately be
low this the Yahuts, a stream about
200 feet in width empties into the
ocean. For about two miles up this
stream the bottoms are narrow and
covered with a thick growth of spruce
timber. There it widens out, and ex
tending up the different forks which
constitute the main stream is an ex
tensive spread of level land, much of
which is clean prairie, the bottom is
covered with buck brush or fern. In
this valley is room for about twenty
settlers, the greater portion of which
is not yet occupied. Still below
the Yahuts is a belt of prairie on which
are numerous shell mounds, some of
them two to three hundred feet across
the base and forty or fiity feet in
heighth, marking the location of In
dian camps, for perhaps hundreds of
years past.
About two miles below Yahuts Cape
Perpetua, a bold promontory puts out
into the ocean forming a prominent
land mark at sea, and marking the
extreme south-west corner of the
county. This portion of the county
will probably never be extensively
applied to grain raising, especially near
the ocean beach, but all kinds of veg
etables' do remarkably well. Straw
berries and in fact every variety of
small fruits have proven very success
ful. Stock raising has been profitably
followed. Bee keeping has not been
very extensively tried, but has been
found very remunerative, and probably
no portion ot the state gives bettar
promise in this line than that portion
of the county bordering on the coast
Salmon canning has not been tried,
but enterprise in this direction would
not be withont hope of reward. But
the business of the Alsea bay will un
doubtedly be lumbering. Spruce and
fir timber of the best quality cover the
hills surrounding the bay, and fir and
cedar timber extends to the summit of
the coast range.
The Alsea river is particularly
adapted for runing logs. The banks
are high and the current rapid so that
logs can be run almost from the sum
mit of the mountain. Beach mining
for gold is carried on all along the
beach, there being but few points where
gold can not be found. The popula
tion is'at this time about 350 but is
rapidly increasing.
There is one general merchandisa
store, which is doing a profitable busi
ness, the supplies for which is brought
in by the steam schooner Kate and
Ann, which makes regular trips with
out any difficulty. There is one post
office at Waldport supplied by two
weekly routs one from Newport the
other from the upper Alsea. There
is a large portion of the lands in this
precinct still subject to premption and
homestead especially on the Yahuts,
and a short distance back from the
coadt both north and south from the
mouth of the bay, also toward the
head of Drift creek. There is one
school house, but we believe efforts are
being made for another.
TIDE WATER PRECINCT.
This precinct is so closely allied and
so similar to the Lower Alsea that
the discription of that will apply in
almost every particular to this- one.
Being situated just east and up the
river from that. The upper portion of
the bay extends into this gradually
narrowing until It becomes a well de
fined river. As we leave the coast the
country becomes more open. Land
suitable for cultivation is more abund
ant, and as the country is more open,
the stock range is extended, and grass
much more abundant. The cereals are
profitably cultivated. The tame
grasses are easily started, and as the
summers are moist and the winters
mild, seldom being cold enough to
interfere with the growth of grasses,
pastures keep green throughout the
year. Some fifteen or twenty miles
from the coast the river makes a sud
den detour to the south for four or
five miles, and at the most southerly
point is joined by Fve-rivers. This
stream gets its name from the conflu
ence of five small streams. The sur
rounding Five-rivers country has just
been surveyed and is attracting consid
erable attention at this time as it
probably embraces some as good land
as there is in the county for settlement!
Ascending the Alsea river above Five-
rivers the bottoms widen very much.
The soil is a deep alluvial, covered
with brush not very hard to clear, and
being very productive. Near the
eastern portion ot the precinct Fall
river puts in from the north; on this
stream are wide bottoms for a short
distance up, which are mostly in cultivation.
Tide Water is situated on the north
bank of the river About twelve miles
from tha ocean and promises to be a
place of importance at no distant day.
At this place is a good saw mill owned
by "William Peak; as no effort has been
made to ship lumber he has simply
aimed to supply the local demand,
which is rapidly increasing. Atj this
place is the only postoffice, the mails
being supplied by a weekly rout from
the upper Alsea to Waldport Near
Tide Water is the only school house in
the precinct. The people along the
Alsea river have been working as they
were able for some years on the con
struction of a wagon road from the
Upper Alsea valley. This has been
( completed for only a portion of the
way, the remainder of the way being a
good trail. This route leaving the
Upper Alsea valley crosses Mason
mountain to Fall creek about 5 miles
distant. Erom this point the trail
follows the river bank to its terminus
at Tide Water, about 22 miles from
the upper valley, by the winding of the
trail.
The precinct is about sixteen miles
from north to south extending from
the divide between the waters of the
Yaquina and Alsea to the south
boundary of the county, and is twelve
miles from east to west being bounded
on the east by Upper Alsea and by
Lower Alsta on the west. The popu
lation is something over 100 being as
yet sparsely settled, probably no por
tion of the county furnishing a better
opportunity for settlement, particularly
along the Alsea river in the upper
portion of the precinct and on Five
rivers before mentioned. Prof. Haw
horn and Arnold of the Agricultural
college of Corvallis each have nice
places in the precinct as has also Thos.
Russel, the proprietor of Tide Water,
The settlers are prosperous and con
tented. The following contains a list of the
names of the persons paying tax upon
property in the precincts of Lower
Alsea and Tide Water above named
and the amount of tax paid by each,
as shown by the last assessment roll
for Benton county:
James R. Barclay 3 52
M. A. Been 10 11
John Bain 3 60
J. M. Collins 1 60
J. H. Doty 3 56
W. J. Howell ...... . 1 04
James Ingram 2-10
August Lutzens 3 65
R. Lutzens . , . 12 31
H. A. Lutzens 1 42
Edward Manning 2 94
W. A. Peak 3 15
Dayid Ruble. ... 25 26
Marion Ruble............. 2 83
Thomas Russell 82 24
Geo. M. Starr 4 27
L. S. Southworth 1 73
O. C. Thompson 7 10
Total. $172 43
Worse than Diphtheria.
What is it? Why it is the drunk
ard maker. He kills more human
beings in one year than diphtheria
does in every twenty. We temper
ance people must abandon the term
"temperance" and when we talk ot
our cause call it the total abstinence
or prohibition cause. Our avowed
opponents and some ot our time
serving ministers avail themselves of
the literal meaning of the term ''tem
perance" and insist that in order to
be a temperance party we must in
dulge in the moderate use of the
article. We must direct oar efforts
agaiust men as well as the means.
We spend too much of our time and
amunition on the means and not
enough on the men. When we go to
battle with an armed foe of our coun
try we direct our missels at the men,
not at the weapons. We don't flght
the guns, we destroy the men first
and the guns afterwards. There is
too much talk about the business and
too much apologising for the ones
that run the business. Business don't
do itself, there is always some man
or set of menjat the foundation, jin the
middle and at the top of all business.
"The business" is not spontaneous.
Restrain the men prohibit them
from following the business just as
you do any other class ot criminals,
and you strike the business a fatal
blow. We don't hear a prosecnting
attorney making a long and learned
speech before the jury on the mechan
ism, power and danger of a pistol,
shot gun or dirk, when one is on
trial for murder, he dwells on tne
deed and diabolical character of the
murderer. The man is punished, not
the weapon. Let no one lift his
hands in holy horror at the intima
tions in the arguments here presented.
Our Revolutionary sires bad to de
stroy men before they secured to
themselves and their offspring their
liberties. The nation had to be bap
tised with fife and in blood before
the extirpation of the cancerous spot
of slavery was consnmated. Our
shores that was consecrated to the
cause ot liberty was bedewed with
tears and the blood of the heirs of
liberty before the universal recogni
tion of the fact that all men were tree
was conceded. The saloon keeper of
every grade lives on the blood of his
fellow man. He takes the price of
his blood. He can quit his business,
peacefully It he will. It is only a
question of time, then he must quit it
forcibly if he wont otherwise. This
American nation cart stamp out the
men and the business if it only wills
to. Men have in all ages resorted to
arms in all redresses for wrongs when
arguments and laws faiied. It is
better for lives to be lost in a good
cause than in a bad.
Prohibition.
How Gunpowder Is Made.
"We first make our charcoal, and
then pulverize it fine as flour, and
grind saltpetre as fine as flower."
"Then they with the sulphur are
put in a mixer and mixed."
"When do the ingredients become
explosive ?"
"As soon as mixed. Then we grind
them all up together."
"What time does the next train
pass here ?"
"Which way t
"Any way."
"There is no danger.'
"The powder is always wet while
being ground. It is ground under
two iron wheels weighing about
eight tons, and each 18 inches wide.
These wheels travel in a circle, and
the powder is on an iron bed. As I
said before, the powder is kept wet,
and if in grinding it gets dry you
lose your mill. If the powder be
comes too wet it raps upon the wheels
something not to be desired. The
thing to do then Js to put gctSe more
powder in the mill, and this reduces
the mix to its proper Hfcrf'tency."
"How much powder do ycHJ charge
a mill with at once ?"
"Two hundred and li
or ten kegs."
"And if she lets go does the w
business go at once?"
"Yes. That is, if only one mill
lets go. But if the packing houso
should take a notion to fire itself off
there Would be several hundred kegs
instead of one. It requires about
two hours and a half to each charge
of powder, arid it is then sent to the
press and subjected to a pressure of
two hundred tons. It is made into
cakes twenty-two inches square and
one inch thick before being placed in
the press. After leaving the press
it is sent to the corn mill, which
takes the cakes and chews them up
into grains. The grains are then
run over screens, to get the different
sized grains. There is more or less
dust accumulated, and this goes
through the press again. From the
screens the powder goes to the dry
honse, whre it is spread out on a
tray of muslin 26x24 inches, and
these are stacked up to dry. The
dry house is heated by hot water.
The room contains a large coil of
pipe, and through this is forced boil
ing water from a boiler outside. Af
ter being dried the powder is trans
ported to the glazing room, and there
it remains twelve hours receiving a
polish. Then it goes to the sejara
or, where tho fine grains ar (,pa
r&ted from the coarse. It is. now
ready for packing. When pao'.ed it
is taken to the magazine.'
"Do you have any trouble f get
ting men to work at this delightful
business f"
"No, sir. We can hire all l ie help
we want by paying good vj-ages."
"When we employ a man Mre re
quire him to discard his own lioots or
shoes and wear a make wljieh we
prescribe. They ar shoes with no
nails in them. They are pegged
with wooden pegs. In the winter
time our men wear gum slides, and
in the summer they usually go in
their bare feet. We do riot permit
anybody to have any naiohes or
nails or files, or in fact any tools ex
cept the wooden shovels used in the
grinding mills. As soon as, a piece
ot machinery gets out of orw-r it is
stopped, and the fact is reported to
the master mechanic who makes the
repairs." f,
"What kind of a hammer does he
use?"
"He uses a copper hamkier. It is
claimed that a copper hammer will
not strike fire, but I had a'maa kilted
once at Xenis while usiniy a cotton
hammer. It struck fire and exploded
a mill.
I he bazette Job Printing
is complete in every respect, and are prepared
to do all kinds of
COMMERCUL OtT PMR11I6 !
At JReasonable Rates
When In need of letter heads, Mil heads, envelope,
statements, or in fact anything in the printing line,
give us a call. Satisfaction guaranteed.
Orive ras a Call.
Pamphlets, circulars, and general job printing don.
On short tiotice both neatly and cheaply.
The Selection of a Farm.
A farm is often selected because it
is cheap, the fact that it may cost
as much to bring it up to a good con
dition as a good farm will cost entire
ly overlooked. Farms are too often
selected without reference to their
adaptability to the particular line ot
farming it is desired to follow, or tho
young man is qualified to pursue.
For example, a hard, cold, rock soil
may be purchased for garden vegeta
bles, and a warm light soil for stock
farming.
Whenever that kind of farming in
to be pursued that requires plough
ing and cultivating the land, a stony
gravelly soil is to be avoided. The
additional labor required on such
land to keep the crops cultivated wilt
absorb all of the profits. Land that
to be kept in cultivation most of
the time should be as free from stones
as posssble. We have at the present
time in Massachsetts land enough
that is ff-ee from stones to furnish a
good sized farm to every farmer.
Gradually fanners are learning to
abandon the hard stony farms for the
intervales and planes that are free
from Stonesj thi? brings the hilly and
stony farms into market at such lowr
prices that some young farmers are
indueed to buy thm, forgetting that
to properly cultivate them requires!
twice as mtroli labor as a farm frea
form stores.
A farm with ledges or large boul-
derson it is not halt as disagreeable
to work as one full of small round
ston, for such land is usually be-4
tweeh the rocks, and will generally
produce large crops, not being soi
liable to be innirgd by the drought as
gravelly lane
im.-f
ss as well
a home of
er be telected
where there is not. good drainage; if
it i not already, drained it should -ba
. .1 . . 1 ... . - 11 j A
at a small expense. Good water ia
another very important thing to con
sider, for the health of the. farmer
family depends on this, as well a$
that ofthe farm animals. -'
When a farm is found that the
soil, drainage and Watr are all right,
then the surroundings should be con
sidered A good neigiioornooa is
highly important, as much of the
happiness of the farmer's family de-
ponds on the character of those with
whom they are to associate with,
Never buy a farm because it is cheap
that is in a bad neighborhood, and
always give preferance to one that is!
in sight of achrirch spire and a good
schoolhoiisej he who locates beyond
the easy reach of these two Ne
England institutions Will have to
pursue life under difficulties that rob
life of half its joys.
4 AUuyJ PW-
VLLaL daflH
P'liipiimB P or
Hole Tan v kind s.boKrr
Style In Carpets.
The styles in carpets now in usa
call for small figures. The largest
are brought within the space of A
square yard. Oncto there were car-
pets with pitch large figures that two
parlors were needed to show them,
and then a day's search might not
reveal them. The) copying of Turk
ish rugs or the grouping of many
figures from different rftgs in the car
pets has led to very pleasing resuks.'
In a carpet is wrmted that feature of
all oihers that invites stndy. No
one wishes to see and to comprehend
the design of a carpet at the first
glance. They are like paintings. In
some the whole pktiire is seen at
once, in others new aeauties may ap
pear at every view. . Some of tho
better carpets are of this order. Yoa
may look and look, -and never tire.
The boi der has become an important
addition; in fact, in some carpsts the'
border is the attractive part. At all
events, a carpet now-a-days withont
a border is as much out ot place in
company as a man without a collar.
The borders, as Well as the carpet
oflered now, are marvels of beanty
The demand is for the dark shade
and small figures. Gaudy carpets
there are that ontriral the American
flag in brilliancy, bot their sale ia
limited. Providence Journal.
The Corvallis Gazette is one of the best
advertising mediu m in Oregon, because it
goes to a large paying list of subscriber
who are able to buy and pay for any arttalrt
they see advertised if they wast it.