Published Every Friday Morning
S. WOODCOCK.
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Per Year 82 BO
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Single Copies 10c
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ATTORNEYS.
M, S. WOODCOCK,
-A-ttornev " at - Law,
Corvallis, - - Oregon.
KELSAY & KEESEE.
.Attorneys - at - Law.
CORVALLIS, -18-22-yl.
- Oregon.
A. CHENOWETH. M. JOHNSON.
CHENOWETH & JOHNSON,
.Attorneys - at - Law,
Corvallis, - - Oregon.
19-26yl
E. HOLGATE,
A.ttorney - at - Law,
CORVAMJS,
Oregon.
SPECIAL attention even to collections, and money
collected promptly paid over. Careful and
prompt attention given to Probate matters. Con
veyancing and searching of records, &c
LOANS NEGOTIATED.
Will give attention to buying-, gelling- and leasing real
estate, and conducts a general collecting and busi
ness agency.
Office on Second Street, one door north of Irvin's
shoe shop. 13:43yl
PHYSICIANS.
F, A. JOHNSON,
3?h.ysician, Surgeon,
Ani Electrician.
Chronic Diseases n.ade a specialty. Catarrh suc
esfully treated. Also Oculist and Anrist.
Office in Fisher'B Block, one door West of Dr. F.
A. Vincent's dental otfice. Office hours rom 8 to 12
and froui 1 to 6 o'clock. 19:27yl
T. V. B. EWBREE, lYl. ,
JPhysician & Suraeon.
Office 2 doors south of H. E. Harris' Store,
Oorvallis, - - Oregon.
Residence on the southwest corner of block, north
nd west of the Methodist church.
19:21 yrl. :
mtttt
VOL. XIX.
CORVALLIS, OREGON, AUG. 18, 1882.
NO. 34.
City Stables i Daily Stage Line
FROM ALBANY TO CORVALLIS.
THOS. EGLIN, Proprietor.
On the Corner West of the Engine House
CORVALLIS, - - OREGON.
HAVING COMPLETED MY
new and commodious BARN.
I am better than ever prepared to
Keep tne
BEST OF TEAMS, BU33IES. CARRIAGES
AND
SADDLE HORSES TO HIRE.
At Reasonable Rates.
&&T Particular attention given to Boarding Horses
Horses Bought and Sold or Exchanged.
PLEASE GIVE ME A CALL.
Having secured the contract for carrying the
United States Mail and Express
' FROM
Corvallis to -Albany
For the ensuing: four vears will leave Corvallis each
morning at S o'clock, arriving in Albany about 10
o'clock, fnd will t-t art from Albany at 1 o'clock in the
aiternoou, returning to uorvstus aDout 5 ociock
This line will ) e prepared with good teams and care
eul drivers and nice comfortable and
EASY RIDING VEHICLES
For the accommodation of the
TRAVELLING PUBLIC.
19-27yl
IE
W GOODS !
G. R. FARRA, M. D,
DPhysician. & Siargeon.
0
FFICE-OVER GRAHAM, HAMILTON CO'S
Drug Store. Corvallis, Oregon. 10:2f.yl
DENTISTS.
E. H, TAYLOR
DENTIST
The oldest established Dentist and
the best outfit in Corvallis.
All work kept in reoiir fre-? of charge and satisfae
on guaranteed. Teith extracted without pain by
ha u.ie of Nitrous Oxide Gas.
ffy .looTia up-stafn over Jacobs & Neugass' new
Brick Store, Corvallis, Oregon. 19:27yi
MISCELL.H EG US.
J. IT. NORRIS,
WAGON MAKER,
Philomath, Oregon.
Blacksmithing and Wagonmaking a specialty. By
constantly keeping on hand the best materials and
doing superior work, I expect to merit a share of
public patronage 32ui3 J. H. Nonais.
F. J. Hendrichson,
Boot and Shoe Maker,
Philomath, Oregon.
I alwavs keen on hand snnprinr ttil.
terial and warrant my work. I ask an examination
of niy goods before purchasing elsewhere
19-32-lyr F. J. Hendrichson.
F. J. ROWLAND,
Blacksmith & Wagonmaker,
Philomath, Oregon.
Mr. Rowland ia prepared to do all kinds of wagon
making, repairing and blacksmithing to order. He
uses the best o material every timo and warrants
his work. iy-32-lyr
MDORE & SPENCER:
ucccsiur to 7. J Buford.)
Ikw Shampooing, Hdr Cutting,
Hot and Qold Baths.
Buford's 01.1 Stand. .. JL . : 18:36:ly
0. H. WHITNEY & 00.
Having recently located in Corvallis, we take pleasure in announcing to
the trading public that we have just opened our Spring stock of
Dry Goods,
Furnishing- Goods,
Boots and Shoes,
Hats and Caps.
ALSO A FULL LINE OF
Fancy Dress Goods,
Silks, Satins,
Fringes, Laces,
Buttons, Corsets.
Our stock has been selected with the greatest care, and for quality and
cheapness is second to none. Having a resident buyer in the leading markets
we -are enabled to purchase latest style goods at lowest prices. Call and ex
amine our stock before purchasing, and save from
lO to SO Per Cent
ON PURCHASES BY DEALING AT OUR
E FRICE STORE.
C H, WHITNEY & CO
19:1 4vl
R. MERRXMAN,
AGENT FOR THE WORLD-LENOWNED
THE YAQUINA HOUSE!
Ia now prepared to accommodate travelers
IN FIRST-CLASS STYLE.
MEALS AT ALL HOURS FOR
OilfJUT 25 CENTS.
HORSE FEED
Constantly on hand, at the
LOWEST LIVING RATES.
Siluaued on the Yaquina Road, half way
from Corvallis to Newport.
19:12m3. P. BRYANT.
HUTTON & MILLIARD,
BLACKSMITHING AND
Carriage and fluggy Ironing,
Done Neatly.
HORSE-SHOEING A SPECIALTY.
Corvallis,
19-27m8
Oregn.
DECKER
BROTHER
S PIANOS,
Acknowledged now to be the best by all musicians, and used by the celebrated
queen of players Julie Rive-King In preference to all others.
J. & C. FISCHEE'S PIANO,
The leading and best second-class Piano on the m
et.
ALSO THE
Old and Established Standard Mason & Hamlin Organ.
Will be In Corvallis and vicinity from time to time to sell these leading instruments
of the world, unfair and unprincipled opposition to the contrary notwithstanding.
13-27m3
TOSSING THE HAY.
Out in the meadow, tossing the hay.
An old, old man, one summer day.
Sighed as he worked, and weariiy said:
"The flowers of summer will soon he dead.
And the leaves of the trees will wither and die.
And the bees' hum cease, and the son? bird flv
To the sun-blessed South: and the harsh winds blow
And the earth grow cold with the ice and snow.
And long months pass ere again we see
The roses, sweet roses. Ah, me! Ah, me!
For I am as weary as weary can be.
Out in the meadow, tossing the hay.
Working as though the work were play,
A brown .faced boy right cheerily said:
"The apples and pears are turning red.
And the grapes grow sweet, and the nuts grow brown,
And the maple will soon wear a fiery crown;
And when it is faded old wintcr'il be king.
And the rivers will freeze, and the sleigh bells ring.
Then, ere long, for tne days so snort win oe.
The roses, sweet robes, again we'll see.
And I am as happy as happy can be!"
LIVE STOCK IN MIDSUMMER
The latter part of summer is often
very trying to live stock. Pastures
are short, old grain is high, the new
not yet fit to feed. Milk may be in
great demand and the farmer loath
to cut in upon his corn loader, in
tended for curing, to feed off the
aftermath; he is lucky who can turn
his young stock of cattle and horses
into mountain or high wooded pas
tures, where they will have water
and may make at least halt a living
upon underbrush, etc. Early sowed
fodder corn comes in well now for
milch cows, and there is really no
other good use for it. It cut for
curing it is hard to dry without
molding and decaying, and if left to
stand until after the middle of Sep
tember, when it will cure well, it will
be as woody and tough as "corn
stalks." When fed to milch cows,
fodder corn ought to be cut short
and sprinkled with two to four quarts
of coru meal per cow each day.
Ihere will then be no complaint of
the quality or the quantity of the
milk. Ifthefceare fed without the
meal, the milk will surely be thin,
and the cows are exhausted by the
increased flow, and soon fall off in
yield.
Horses in pasture are often ex
tremely annoyed by flies. If they
van stand when not in use in dark
sweet stables, by all means turn them
into the pasture only at night.
Gnats and mosquitoes are of little
annoyance to horses, but the larger
day-flies, and the (Estrus, or Bot-fly,
set them almost crazy.
Ewes and lambs are usually sepa
rated in August, aud while none of
our domestic animals is moreoften
used as a type of maternal affection
than the ewe, yet the agony of sepa
ration will be of short duration, and
not especially painful if the two
flocks, dams and lambs, can be pas
tured so far apart as not to bear each
others calls. It is well to put with
the lambs a few wethers as flock
leaders, or a ram or two if there is
danger of annoyance by passing dogs.
The ewes should be penned and
their milk drawn enough to relieve
their udders several evenings in sue
cession after taking the lambs away.
Wounds on any kind of animals are
liable to be fly-blown and very an
noying. The best treatment that
we know of is an application of
strong carbolic soap. lhat vhich
is sold as sheep dip is very good; but
be careful not to use the arsenical
sheep dips or anything of that kind.
Soft soap or semi-solid soap strongly
impregnated with crude carbolic acid
is good, and any one can make it.
It will be found good for all kinds of
raw sores, galls, bites, scratches and
the like on man or beas.
The place for pigs at this season
is in the apple orchard; the falling
fruit is wormy, unless indeed a gate
shakes off sound fruit, and the pigs
unconsciously slay thousands of in
jurious insects.
THE MANURE HARVEST.
In the midst of the
grain, anu grass, and
harvest of
tubers, we
must not forget the compost heap, in
which we garner and store the un
sowed crops of a future season.' The
saying that "anything that grows in
one summer, will rot betore the next,"
is a safe guide in collecting vege
table matter for the' compost heap.
When sods, muck, and weeds form a
part of the heap, it is not alone the
material which we are assiduous in
collecting, and put into the heap,
that constitutes its whole value.
The fermentation induced by. the
dug and liquid manure, 'and the ac
tion of the lime or ashes added, work
upon the earth, adhering to the roots
of the weeds, and forming a consider
able part of both tods and muck,
and develop an admirable quality of
plant food. Henoe this element of
the compost heap, which is generally
over-looked as possessing any special
value, should never be wanting. It
has, moreover, its own offices to per
form, in promoting decay, in the for
mation of humus, and in preserving.
locking up, and holding on to valu
able ingredients of plant food.
The coTjpost heap should always
be laid in even layers, and each layer
should go over the entire heap, for
thus only can final uniformity be had
We do not mean special-purpose
composts, and those made for gen
eral farmxrops. It would be well if
every particle of dung, liquid
manure, straw, litter, leaves, weeds,
etc., eould be worked together into
uniform fine compost, and there is
really no substantial reason why this
should not be done. The gardener
would plead for certain special com
posts. It might perhaps be well to
make a special hen-manure compost
for corn in the bill, and taking the
general compost as a basis, to make
one for turnips, by the addition of a
large percentage of bone-dust. All
this may be done establish once the
rule to compost everything of manu
rial value, and we have in prospect
an abundance of farm-made fertilizers
at all times, and for all crops vic
tory over weeds, a good place for
decomposable trash of all kinds,
sacred burial ground tor all minor
animals and poultry, w'nose precincts
ueed never be invaded. There will
besides be no stagnating pool in the
barn-yard, tor all liquids will go to
the tank to be pumped over the
compost heaps no nasty, slumpy
barn yard, for everything will be
daily gathered for the growing com
post heap, and the harvesting of the
manure crop, and its increase day by
day, all the year round, will be
source of constant pleasure to master
and men.
THE PEACH HARVEST.
On the whole promises to be large
in the noted Peach districts. With
in a few years, many have planted
Peach orchards in localities not here
tofore regarded as "Peach regions,"
and these will probably market their';
first crop this year. Comparative
novices will have to compete with
experienced growers, and must con
form to established customs. Crates
for sending Peaches a long distance
are preferable to baskets. Tlio stan
dard crate consists of two ends and
a middle-piece of f-inch Btufl".
These pieces are 7 by 14 inches.
For each side of the crates, use four
pieces, 2 inches wide, and 23
inches long; for the top and bottom
each, one piece 6 inches wide, and
23 inches long, the sides, top, and
bottom, of f-inch stuff. The strips
should be. well secured to the end
and center-pieces by nails. If the
crates are to go a long distance, a
strip should be nailed across the top
and bottom at each end; this, when
they are stacked upon one another,
will allow of sufficient ventilation.
In packing peaches, more care is re
quired than with any other fruit; a
single over-ripe Peach will spoil the
sale of a crate. Hence, Peaches, as
they are picked, should be turned
out upon a table or bench, and care
fully examined; every one that may
become soft before the fruit will be
sold, should bo rejected. In filling
the crates, they should be so full as
to require some pressure to bring
the top to its place. Assort the
fruit, but let each crate be of the
same quality all through. It is cus
tomary to make three grades, dis
tinguishing the "extra" by "twig
ging," that is, by placing a leafy
twig of the Peach-tree upon the fruit
before the cover is nailed down.
Mark the crates plainly, with the
name of th e consignee and that of
the shipper, and -always Inform the
commission merchant in advance of
the shipment by letter or by tele
graph. SHEEP IN THE WEST.
The enormous growth of sheep
culture in the West makes it im
portant that the center of trade
should be in a Western city, and
Chicago, situated as itjs, half way
between the spindles and the loom?
of the East and the great ranges of
the West, with it unparalleled trans
portation facilities, is the natural
point at which this trade must con
centrate. Within the last three
years the number of sheep west of
the Mississippi River has doubled,
and the increase of the flocks instead
of being marketed as lambs, is now
kept for wool because of the greater
profit. In Kansas, for example, the
number of sheep in January, 1881k
according to the State Board of
Agricultural, was about 808,000. In
January, 1882, according to the
same authority, the number had in
creased to over 1,000,000, and
Kansas is not an exceptional State.
The same is true of Texas, Nebraska,
Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming,
Montana, and others of the States
and Territories of the great West,
where the limitless ranges of wild
pasture invites flocks of a siz that
cannot be fed in the more thickly
settled portion of the country.
The almost fabulous profits that
have accrued to those who have
handled sheep on a large soile, and
the small risk of loss in the high and
dry climates, has drawn an enor
mous amount of capital into the busi
ness, and the statistics of the next
census will astonish the world. In
JNew .Mexico and. Texas, and to a
certain extent in Kansas and Colo
rado, stock companies are being or
ganized with capital of hundreds of
thousands of dollars for sheep rais
ing, and flocks of 25,000 and 50,000
under single ownership and control
are now grazing upon the prairies.
ine natural increase ot sheep is
about 75 per cent, and so great is
the demand that the herdsmen are
not sending their Iambs and ewes to
market, but are keeping them for the
profit they find in breeding and in
wool. The grade is being rapidly
improved, and under the auspices of
the woool-growetV associations that
exist in every State and Territory,
blooded stock is being introduced.
Inter Ocean.
American Manufactures.
The collection and classification of
facts relating to the material progress
of the people periodically intrusted
to the Census office, furnish in gener
al, valuable milleetones in the path
way of the nation's greatness. How
ever uninteresting to many, the de
tails are full of instruction to the
statist. As the mountain nil, minute
and inappreciable in its source, is
constantly s .veiled by other streams,
and goes on wide'ning and deepening
in its course until it is swallowed up
and looses its identity in the ocean,
so these streams of knowledge, pour
ing in towards a common reservoir
from every factory, hamlet, town and
state, appear at length to be merged
in one vast and useless aggregate, de
void of either individual, local or
general interest. But the great col
lection of truths which they serve to
swell may bear up the&ark of a na
tion's hopes and confidence. The re
sult may form a subject of national
pride and gratulation, and may, like
the ocean itself, become impressive to
all nations from its grandeur. The
statistics of looms, spindles and fac
tories, and of a thousand other in
struments of ' creative industry, be
come the representatives of almost
every form ot national aud individual
happiness, exertion and power.
The computation of statistics of
American manufactures exhibits an
increase which is something remark
able. In 1830 the amount invested
in cotton manufacture was little
more than 40,000,000. The number
of spindles was 1,250,000; of males
employed, 18,539; of females, 38,057.
The amount of cotton used was 194,
3a0 bales. Fifty years pass away and
the number of spindles has increased
to 10,769,147. The amount of cot
ton used in 1880 was 2,000,000 bales.
The number of persons employed is
181,428, and the amount ot capital
invested in mills and subsidiary work
is more than $225,000,000. From
1870 to 1880 th product of our
woolen manufactures has increased
nearly $20,000,000. The silk pro
ductions of the United States rose
from 12,210.662 in 1870 to 34,410,463
in 1 880. The growth of the iron
and steel industry has been remark
able. In 1810 wo produced 50,000
tonsofirou. In 1J80 the iron and
steel works of the United States pro
duced 7,265,100 tons. In twenty
years the capital invested in the man
ufacture of machinery has increased
from $5,000,000 tr $40,000,000. The
future promises to be still brighter
than the past. N. Y. Economist
THE DAIRY COW.
"Many are the eulogies that have
been written upon the noble horse
and sagacious dog; but the cow, the
most valuable friend to man ot alt
the home animals, is allowed to send
her tributes to the domestic kingdom
without praise or thanks. From
whatever standpoint we view her
contributions to the food supply of
man, she becomes an object of inter
est and value. Upon the purity aud
superlative nutritive character of her
product frequently hangs a life pre
cious to humanity. She furnishes
food aud sauce to the poor man's
board and a more than royal luxury
to the table ot wealth. Withdraw
hcr products ; and the culinary art
has not the skill to make viands for
the table palatable. The dairy cow
is the product and necessity of civi
lization. Her contribution the wealth
of nations in milk, butter, cheese and
beef aggregates annually a tremen
dous sum; but this vast amount is
but a trifle when compared .with the
contributions to the life, health and. "
comfort of man.
The horse belongs to man's luxury;
the dog to his weakness; the pig to
his cash balancrs,but the cow to his
home necessities.
We pay the tribute of respect to
the cow while passing to speak ef
her in relation to the dairy, where
she must be regarded as a machine
to manufacture the products of the
farm into milk, and the inquiry is for
the machine of the greatest power
and capacity.
It may be well to define what is
meant by a good cow. In general
terms the following are some of ber
characteristics:
1. Nature has given her immense
vitality, perfect and well-balanced
organs, and preserved her in the
highest bcalthfulness.
2 Her digestive and assimilative
organs are of the greatust capacity.
3. All food digested, above what
is required to mautain the animal in
full health and vigor, is converted
into milk.
4. The disposition, the size and
symetry of the animal, the udder and
the labor of milking are the most
desirable kind.
As a part of financial consideration
the animal, in stylo ard color, is a
creature of beauty and possesses such
purity of blood as to be able to trans
mit all her excellence. A just im
pression of the cow as a maohine is
not conveyed by any general state
ments. Let us explain the marvelous mach
ine. The eyes are prominet and in
tellectual, but mild; we can handle
her wkh safety. The mouth is large
and lips full, giving notice that she
likes to rat; her head is slim and
cleau, bnt not so long and straight
as to iudicate obstinacy; her horns
are clear, slim and short, and fre
quently look like a heifer's horns; her
neck is lean and ewe-shaped; her
chest spacious, but deep rather than
wide; ber stomach ia large and her
loins strong; her skin is as yellow as
golden butter, but is not underlined
with tallow; her legs are short, show
ing she has not squandered surplus
material for racing. Look at her
magnificent udder; it is square, even
quartered, well formed, covered with
soft, long hair, and with teats that
are a perpetual invitation to ihe
milker; the life-currents of the ani
mal are concentrated there." Pro-
feasor S. A. Knap.
Tie Horse Disease.
Doctor Detmerssays that the horse
disease near Corpus Chnsti is an
epidemic, though not contagion;
that it is owing to a combination of
circumstances which is not likely to
occur in many years.
1st. The horses passed through
the winter in better condition than
usual, and had a plethora of blood
when the sudden warm weather
came, and the system was not pre
pared for the change.
2nd. The rains in the spring
caused an excess of pond water.
which, under the influence of the
summer heat, became unwholesome.
These two causes rendered tho
stock more liable to brain diseases
than they would ordinarily have
been, and the heat produced brain
fever or. meningitis.
He recommends depletion as a
preventative, and the removal of all
animals to running or pure water.
Bleed as a preventive only. After
the brain is affected, blister the poll
thoroughly and administer a good
dose of saltpetre. This is all that-'
can be done in the way ot treat
ment. Texas Live Stock Journal