The Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, September 12, 1879, Image 1

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    Corvallis Gazette.
PUBLISHED
EVERY FRIDAY MORKIKG
BY
W. 13. CARTER,
Editoe and Proprietor.
TERMS:
(coin.)
rer tear,
M Mouths,
Three Mouths,
83 SO
i
1 OA
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
CITY ADVERTISEMENTS.
M. S. WOODCCCX,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
lUKVALUN
: OKKCit
OFFICE OJT FIRST STREET, OPR WOOD
COCK A BALDWIN'S Hardware store.
Special attention given to Collections, Fore
closure of Mortgages, Real Estate cases, Probate
and Road matters.
Will also buy and sell City Property and Farm
Lands, on reasonable terms.
March 20, 187S. 16-12yl
F. A. CHENOWETH,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CORVALLIS, : : OKIUIIN.
.-OFFICE, Corner of Monroe and Second
treet. 16-ltf
J. W. RAYBURf,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CORTALLM, OKI ;.
OFFICE On Monroe street, between Second and
Third.
B-SpeciaI attention given to the Collection
of ' u tes and Accounts. 16-ltf
JAMES A. YANTIS,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
OKVAI.LIS. . - . OKtGOJI
tyiLL PRACTICE IN ALL THE COURTS
of the State. Special attention given to
Ratters in Probate. Collections will receive
rompt and careful attention. Office in the Court
ouse. 16:ltf.
DR F. A. ViNCENT,
I E IV T I S T .
COllVALLW
REGON.
QFFICE IN FISIIER'8 BRICK OVER
Max. Friendlev's New Store. All the atest
improvement?. Eerytb:Bg new and comi.lete.
All work warranted. Plea -e give me a caii.
lfcStf
G. R. FARRA, M. D.
PHYSICIAN AND MR'iEO,
O
FFICE OVER GRAHAM & HAMILTON'S
Drugstore, Corvallis, Oregon. 14-2(Jtf
J. R. BRY80N,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
All business will receive prompt
attention.
COLLECTIONS A SPECIALTY.
Corvallis, July 14, 1879. 16:29tf
NEW TIN SHOP.
J. K. Webber, Pro.,
MAIN St..
COHVALL18.
8TOVE8 AND TINWARE
All Kind.
-All work warranted and at reduced rates.
12:13tf.
W. C CRAWFORO,
DEALER IN
WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
JEWELRY, SPECTACLES, SILVEPw WARE,
v etc Also,
Musical Instruments feo
liring done at the most reasonable
rates, and all work warranted.
Corvallis, Dec. 13, 1877. 14:50tf
GRAHAM, HAMILTON & CO.,
COBVALLIS ... OREGON.
DEALERS IN
Drugs, Paints,
MEDICINES,
CHEMICALS, DYE STUFFS,
OILS,
GLASS
AND
PUTfY.
PURE WINES AND L QUORS
FOR MEDICINAL USE.
And also the the very best assortment of
Lamps and Wall Fapr
ever brought to this place.
AGENTS FOR THE
AVERILL CHUUfiU P I.ST,
SUPERIOR
TOUPT
OTHER
VOL.. XVI.
CORVAIXIS, OREGON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 1879.
NO. 37.
CORVALLIS
Livery, Feed
...AND...
SALE STABLE,
it in St., Corval la. Oregon.
SOL. KING, - Porpr.
QWNING BOTH BARNS I AM PREPARED
to oiler superior accommodations in the Liv
ery line. Always ready for a drive,
GOOD TE.MS
At Low Riites.
My stables are first-class in every respect, and
competent and obliging hostlers always
ready to serve the public.
REASONABLE CHARGES FOB HIRE.
Particular atteutton Paid to Boarding;
Horses.
ELEGANT HEARSE, CARRIAGES AND
HACKS FOR FUNERALS
Corvallis, Jan. 3, 1879.
16:lyl
Woodcock & Baldwin
(Successors to J. R Bayley & Co,)
XTEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND AT THE
1 r fl otoTirl n 1 a ma anI nnmnlafa at-ulr ff
vat ovuuu at, laigc auu vasium?M7 oi'va ui
Heavy and Mielf Hardware,
IRON, STEEL,
TOOLS, STOVES,
RANGES, ETC
Manufactured and Home Made
Tin and Copper "Ware,
Pumps, Pipe, Etc.
A good Tinner constantly on hand, and all
Job Work neatly ana quickly done.
Also agents for Knano. Burrell & Co..
for the sale of the best and latest improved
FARM MACHINERY,
of all kinds, together with a full assort
ment of Agricultural Implements.
Sole Agents for the celebrated
ST. LOUIS CHARTER OAK STOVES
the BEST IN THE WORLD. Also the
Norman Ranee, and many other patterns.
in all sizes and styles.
tcr Particular attention paid to Farmers
wants, and the supplying extras for Farm
Machinery, and all information as to such
articles, furnished cheerfully, on application.
No pains will be spared to furnish our
customers with the best goods in market.
in our line, and at the lowest prices.
Our motto shall be, prompt and fair
dealinsr with all. Call and examine onr
stock, before going elsewhere. Satisfac
tion guaranteed.
VVOOKCCXJK Jt BALDWIN.
Corvallis, May, 12, 1879. 14:4tf
LANDS! FARMS! HOMES!
1HAVE FARMS, (Improved and unim
proved,) STORES and MILL PROPERTY,
very desirable,
FOR SALE.
These lands are cheap.
Also claims in unsurveyed tracts for sale.
Soldiers of the late rebellion who have, under
he Soldiers' Homestead Act, located and made
final proof on less than 160 acres, can dispose of
the balance to me.
Write (with stamps to prepay postage).
R. A. BEN8ELL,
Newport, Benton county, Oregon.
16:2tf
kUM & WOODWARD,
Druggists
and
Apothecaries,
P. O. BUILDING. CORVALLIS, OREGON.
Have a complete stock of
DRUGS, MEDICINES, PAINTS, OIL,
8LASS, IT., LTC.
School I'ook - tationeny, fco.
aarPbyslelMS' P.ecrlptiim tre-
We buv for Cash, and have choice of the
FRESHEST and PUREST Drugs and Medicines
the market affords.
Prescriptions accurately prepared at half
the usual rates. zaiayioiiou
FRESH GOODS-
AT THE
BAZAR r FASHIONS
Mrs. E. A.. KNIGHT.
fOBTALLM, ... OKtOUS.
Has just received from San Francisco, the larg
est and Best Stock of
Millinery flood?,
Dress Trimmings, Etc.,
Ever broueht to Corvallis. whidfc will sell at
prices that defy competition.
Aweary for Imt. ueuaoreat'a reliable
Patterns.
25aprl0:17tf
Corvallis Lodge So 14, r. A. M.
Holds stated Communications on Wednesday on
or preceding each full moon. Brethren in good
standing cordially invited to attend. By order
W. M.
Bar am lodge No. 7, I. O. O. .
Meets on Tuesday evening of each week, in
their hall, in Fisher's brick, second story. Mem
bers of the order in good standing invited to at
tend. By order of N. G.
ROBERT N. BAKER.
Fashionable Tailor,
pORMERLY OF ALBANY, WHERE HE
has given his patrons perfect satisfaction,
has determined to locate in Corvallis, where he
hopes to be favored with a share of the public
paironage. All work warranted, when made
under his supervision. Repairing and cleaning
promptly attended to.
Corvallis, Nov. 28, 1878. 15:48ft.
JOHN S. BAKER, PRO.
CORVALLIS, . OKEOOBT.
TTAVING BOUGHT THE ABOVE MAR
ket and fixtures, and permanently located
in Corvallis, I will keep constantly on hand the
choicest cuts of
BEEF, PORK, MUTTON AND VEAL.
Especial attention to making extra Bologna
Beintr a Dractical butcher, with lame experi
ence in business, I flatter myself that T can give
satisfaction to customers. Please call and give
me a trial. JOHN S. BAKER.
Dec. 6th, 1878. 15:49tf.
Grain Storage !
A Word to Farmers.
TTAVING PURCHASED THE COMMODI
ous warehouse of Messrs. King and Bell,
and thoroughly overhauled the same, I am now
ready to receive grain for storage at the reduced
Rate of -4- ots. per Bushel
1 am also prepared to Keep Extra, White
Wheat, separate from other lots, thereby enabling
me to SELL AT A PREMIUM. Also prepared
to pay the
Highest Market Price.
for wheat, and would most respectfully solicit a
share of public patronage. T. J. BLAIR.
(Jorvallis, Aug. l, 1878. ls-.azn
H. E. HARRIS,
One door South of Graham A Hamilton's,
COR Y A 1. 1. IS, 0BW.
GROCERIES
PROVISIONS,
AND
Dry Goods.
Corvallis, Jan. 3, 1878.
16:lvl
DRAKE & GRANT,
MERCHANT TAILORS,
C"RVAI E,H. - - - OSKaoA.
7"E HAVE JUST RECEIVED A LARGE
and well selected stock of Cloth, viz:
W-B or TiEln.nrl Broad
lotlis, rencli t ussimi-res,
colch Tweeds, and
merlcau uit i nu'
Which v.-c will make up to order in the most
approved and lash unable styles. No pains will
be scared in producing good lilting garments.
Parties wishing to purchase cloths and have
them cut out, will do well to call and examine
our stock. DRAKE & GRANT.
Corvallis, April 17. 1879. I6:16tf
Boarding- and Lodging.
Pfellomatti, Beaton Co . Oregon.
GEORGE KISOR,
1 ESPECTFULLY INFORMS THE TRAV-
- eling public that he is now prepared ana m
readiness to keep such boarders as may choose to
give him a call, either by the
S'MC E M-L. DAY. OR WEEK.
Is also prepared to furn sh horse feed. Liberal
share of public patronage solicited. Give us a
call. GEOBGE KISOR.
Philomath, April 28, 1879. I0:18tf
Albert Pygali.. William Irwin.
l'YGALL & IRWIN,
City Trucks & Drays,
TTAVING PURCHASED THE DRAYS AND
Trm-ks lately own l bv James Eglin, we
are prepared do all kinds of
city lla.ii Infg. uollverlng of
Wood. I' to., XCi
in the city or country, at reasonable rates. Pat
ronage solicited, and satisfaction guaranteed in all
eases. ALBERT PYGALL,
WILLIAM IRWIN.
Corvallis. Dec. 2(), 1878. 15:5!tf
0 C. MORELAND,
(CITV ATTORNEY.)
AT'IOBKY A.T J-.A.W.
POKT1.A.M, - V1NOE
Firing on Horseback.
OFFICE Monastes' Brick. First street,
between Morrison and Yamhill. 14:3Stf
THE STAB BAKERY,
In Street, orvallin.
HENRY WARRIOR, PROPRIETOR.
Family Supply Store !
G rocerles,
Bread.
Cakes,
l?ie,
Candies,
Toys,
Always on Hand.
Corvallis, Jan. 1, 1877. 14:2tf
The last Friday of the 'Wimbledon
meeting is always one of the most popu
lar days for visitors, as it is fullest of
practical lessons for the volunteers,
apart from the mere mastery of accurate
shooting. The Loyd, Lindsay and the
Mappin prizes were instituted with the
object of testing what calvary and in
fantrv volunteers could no under condi
tions similar in many respects to those
that would have to be encountered on
active service. In the one, Yeoman
mounted riflemen, or volunteer light
horse, have to ride a distance of three
quarters of a mile, taking two flights of
hurdles in the course, dismounting at
two points, and, firing, each man hve
rounds, and the whole has to be done in
ten minutes. In the other similar work
has to be performed, only the distance
to be covered is only a quarter of a mile,
and the time allowed is five minutes. At
the Loyd-Lindsay course yesterday after
noon a considerable number of specta
tors, on horseback, in carriages or drags
and on foot, had gathered, and they evi
dently watched the proceedings with
much the same kind of interest that
would be taken by country folk in their
local steeple-chases. For this competi
tion thirteen sections had entered, and
rarely indeed has the contest for the
Erize been closer or so distinguished by
igher proficiency on the part of the
teams engaged. It commenced soon
after 3 o'clock, and for two hours and a
half the spectators were delighted by a
display of good riding, soldierly bearing
and skillful markmanship under difficult
circumstances. The Ary shire section was
the first to start, and they did the course
in eight seconds less than the prescribed
time, but in their shooting there was evi
dence of hurry. The misses were fre
quent and the good hits very few. Then
came the Dorset section, distinguished
bv the silver hussar braiding of their
jackets, and sitting their horses as hunt
ing men from the Jtslackmoor Vale
should do. It was not the same section
that had previously attained fame at
Wimbledon, and there was a want of
smartness about the movements of the
men, which proclaimed slight acquaint
ance with the requirements of such a
competition. Their time was 11 minutes
and 22 seconds, and m the forty rounds
fired by the four men at 500 and 600
yards, they only scored 15 points alto
gether. Jrrom this hve points nad to De
deducted from each half minute occupied
over the time laid down. As the Dor sett
section had exceeded the allowance
by nearly a minute and a half, their
net number of marks stood at
exactly nothing. Then came the
Leicestershire D section, which like the
Ayrshire, fired far too hastily. They
made the best time of all, and came
home in admirable order in 9 minutes,
37 seconds, but they only scored 18
marks between them. The Leicester
shire G troop took more time, but scored
only two points more, and of this num
ber ten had to be deducted. Then came
another section of the Ayrshire regiment,
which not only moved very leisurely,
but also shot badly. The Leicestershire
A section made both good time and good
shooting, and came back from the tiring
points in almost perfect order, showing
that they could not only ride like true
followers of the Qnorn and Cottesmore,
but that they had acquired something of
the discipline of regular troopers, lne
Oxfordshire C section followed. They
were slow in getting their aim, and did
not seem to be making good practice at
the target, but they came home weU in
line, and but for the misplaced enthusi
asm of one of their number, who forgot
that a cavalry soldier should never have
a whip-hand, or at all events should
never use it as such, their work would
have been very well done. The Boyal
Bucks, mounted on good weight carriers,
behaved in much more soldierly fashion.
They rode well and shot with precision.
They only took 9 minutes and 40 seconds
to do the course, and got on the very re
spectable number of bl points before
thev left the targets. The Oxfordshire
D troop looked very soldierly and moved
well. After scoring a fair number of
hits at the 500 yards range, they re
mounted very smartly, and getting back
to the 600 yards firing point quickly and
in good order, got on the target at the
first shot. Firing at regular intervals
with deliberation, but without delay,
they scored hit after hit. Presently,
however, the wind shifted, and seemed
to puzzle them somewhat, as it Diew tne
smoke straight up the range, obscuring
the target and necessitating a hazardous
delay. Directly the bugle sounded to
cease fire, however, they mounted with
alacrity and came back in good order,
riding well; and, although one oi the
horses hit the last flight of hurdles
rather hard, their line was never broken
until the post had been reached. The
Warwickshire second section went down
the course in dashing style, sitting their
horses in true soldierly manner. Their
shooting at the first range was rapid, and
appeared somewhat wild. At 600 yards
they were equally quick in getting to
work, but scarcely more successful in
settling to their aim. Then they tried
what slower shooting would do, and got
in several hits, but at the sacrifice of
much time, which they endeavored to
make up afterward, with the result that
they came back a little raggedly, one or
two of them using their hands and heels
a little more vigorously than a cavalry
martinet would be likely to approve of.
The Warwickshire first section was ad
mirably mounted, and the men kept
their dressing well as they topped the
hurdles in good hunting style. They got
through their twenty rounds at 500 yards
quickly, and nearly every shot seemed
to tell. At the next range, however,
they wasted much time, and reaped little
benefit from over-deliberation; but they
were very quick in remounting, and
though they came back at racing speed
they kept their dressing weU to the end.
The delay at 600 yards, however, handi
capped them fifteen points. The Wor
cestershire men when they get the com
mand, "GaUop march," went away as if
each were struggling for the lead, and
they jumped the first flight of hurdles
almost in Indian style. At firing they
did not make so much progress either m
time or points, and the limits of the min
utes had been passed long before the
last round was fared. As they were com
ing home the inevitable dog crossed the
course, two of the horses shying, swerved
and carromed against the otheis. For a
moment it looked as if all must come to
grief, but fortunately they kept their
seats and cleared the hurdles without
any mishap. All three sections had fired
with Wesley-Richards carbines, but the
last to start, the Boyal First Devon Yeo
manry, carried their short Sniders slung
across their backs, according to the
fashion of the Indian irregulars. Smart
and soldierly in their scarlet uniforms,
with royal blue facings, they proved
worthy of the reputation that was won
along ago by their countrymen of the
Devon mounted rifles. They cleared the
hurdles well, but, unaccustomed to the
course, they went too fast, and one horse,
having broken a rein, carried his rider
far beyond the first firing point before
he could be pulled up. At 500 yards
they got on the target once, and steadily
kept there without a single miss. At 600
yards they did not do so well, but still
they finished with a more brilliant score
than has been made by any of the other
competitors a score that could bear a
reduction of fifteen points for excess of
time and yet win. Admirably they rode
back as they had started, erect in the
saddle and soldierly in bearing, amid
loud cheers from the spectators, who had
hailed the ring of every hit on the target
with an encouraging shout of "Bravo,
Devon!" Protests were lodged against
this team, first, because of the rifles they
used, which the council very properly
held to be in accordance with the condi
tions, and secondly, on the ground that
three men had dismounted to fire at one
time, instead of only two. Both objec
tions were overruled, and the Devon
men were officially declared the winners,
when the sections assembled to learn the
result from Major Thompson. London
Daily Netivs. July 2oth.
Roger Bacon.
But the great light in science during all
those ages, both for England and the rest
of the world, was Roger Bacon, who.born
in 1214, was in his cradle in Somerset
shire when the barons obtained from
King John his signature to Magna Charta.
He belonged to a rich family, sought
knowledge from childhood, and avoided
the strife of day. He studied at Oxford
and Paris, and the death of his father
may have placed his share of the pater
nal estate in his hands. He spared no
cost for instructors and transcribers,
books and experiments ; mastered not
only Latin thoroughly, but also Hebrew
and Greek, which not more than five men
in England then understoodjgrammatically
although there were more who could
loosely read and speak those tongues, fie
was made doctor in naris. and had the
degree confirmed in his own University
of Oxford. Then he withdrew entirely
from the civil strife that was arising, and
joined the house of the Franciscans in
Oxtord, having spent all his time in the
world and z(X0 ot money in the search
of knowledge. Roger Bacon's family com
mitted itseif to the King's side in the
civil war of Henry I H.'s Ereed, his cor
ruption of Justice, and violation of the
defined rights of his subjects brought up
on him. The success of the barons ruined
Bacon's family, and sent his mother,
brothers and whole kindred into exile.
Meanwhile the philosopher, as one of the
Oxford Franciscans, had joined an order
which prided itself in the checks put by
it on the vanity of learning. But in spite
of their self-denials, the Franciscans at
Oxford and elsewhere, included many
learned men, who by the daily habit of
their minds, were impelled to give to
scholarship some practical direction.
They were already beginning to supply
the men who raised the character of
teaching at the University of Oxford till
it rivalled that of Pans. riar .bacon was
among the earliest of these teachers ; so
was rnar Bungay, who lives with him in
popular tradition. Roger Bacon saw how
the clergy were entangled in barren
subtleties of a logic far parted from all
natural laws out of which it sprang. He
believed that the use ol all his knowledge,
if he could but make free use of it, would
be to show how strength and peace were
to be given to the Church, And then the
Pope, who had been told of his rare ac
quirements and his philosophic mind,
bade Koger Bacon, disregarding any
rule of his order to the contrary, write
lor mm what was in his mind. Within
his mind were first Drincinles of a true
and faithful philosophy. But to commit
to parchment all that he had been pining
to say would cost him w in materials,
transcribers, necessary references and ex
periments. He was a Franciscan, vowed
to poverty, and the Pope had sent no
money with the command to write.
Bacon's mother and exiled brothers had
spent all they were worth upon their
ransoms. Poor friends furnished .the
necessary money, some of them pawning
goods, upon the understanding that their
loans would be made known to His Holi
ness. There was a difficulty between
the philosopher and his immediate supe
riors, because the Pope's demand was
private, and only a relief to. Bacon's pri
vate conscience. His immediate rulers
had received no orders fo relax the dis
cipline which deprived the Franciscans
of the luxury of pen and ink. But ob
stacles were overcome : and then Roeer
Bacon produced within a year and a half
1 0fift.Q his Ch.ua MnUie "flinatn W,l,i!
which now forms a large, closely-printed
folio ; his Opus Minus ("Lesser Work"),
which was sent after the Onus Mams to
Pope Clement to recapitulate its arguments
and strengthen some of its parts. Henry
money s manual oj jmgttsn Literature.
Iwfervescing ooda. Mix half a tea-
spoonful of powdered bicarbonate of soda
thoroughly with two tablespoonfuls of
syrup oi any navor to suit the taste. Then
add six or eightlMaes as much cold water ;
wnne mixiugaB jtjjn a half a teaspoon
ful of powdertWIWlArlc acid, and drink
at once, mis is tor immediate consump
tion, ror Doming mix the syrup,
flavor the water in the usual proportions,
and fill into bottles ; put in each bottle
half a drachm each of crystallized bicar
bonate of potassa and crystallized tartaric
acid, and cork immediately. The above
quantity is for soda-water bottles ; wine
bottles will require double the quantity.
Russian Prisoners.
In communicating the following par
ticulars respecting the abominable treat
ment to which the Russian Nihilist pris
oners are subject, I wish to impress
upon your readers that, bent upon
avoiding all exaggeration or coloring of
facte, I have confined the narrative to
such statements as I have been able to
derive from unbiased and trustworthy
Eersons eye-witnesses themselves of the
orrors revealed to me. Though my
hand quivers with indignation as I pen
this dispatch, not one charge against the
Bussion authorities shall be intensified
by any emphasis of my own. The ap
palling evidence of Bussian barbarity,
of which I have obtained possession, is
sufficiently eloquent in itself. It cries
to Heaven for vengeance; but ere that
comes let the rulers of civilized Europe
Umeditate this chapter of human misery
and woe, and let them bid Russia stay
the course of her revolting deeds. Dur
ing the second fortnight of last month a
person whose testimony is above sus
picion visited a ship at anchor at Odessa,
fitted out for the transportation of Nihil
ist convicts to the Island of Saghalien.
He describes it as a man-of-war of about
4,000 tons, freshly painted white. On
going below deck, he found that on
either side of a narrow ' passage iron
barred cages had been constructed
which, he says, were exactly similar to
those used for wild animals. These
cages were of different sizes, and con
tained from four to twenty convicts
each. The rule observed was that such
among them as showed any disposition
to be unruly were confined in the smaller
cages so as to be more easily watched.
The gentleman who visited the ship es
timates the number of these wretched
people at 750, most of whom had come
by rail from the interior, heavily chained
together by small groups. They were
to keep their chains during the journey,
and my informant says the sinister noise
they produced was distinctly audible
long ere he reached the ship. Unable to
control his feelings, he observed to the
officer in command that his closely
packed cargo, chained together in a
place where there was absolutely no ven
tilation, would never survive the passage
of the Suez Canal, the Red Sea and the
Indian Ocean, to which the Bussian
officer cynically replied : " Well, so
much the better for all parties if they
do not." He accompanied this astound
ing remark by a significant glance, which
his interlocutor took to imply, "Don't
you understand, that is precisely what
we expect? The same ship was visited
at another place on her outward voyage,
and on competent authority it was ascer
tained that not one-third of the unfortu
nate prisoners on board could possibly
reach their destination alive. But my
information is not confined to this one
instance. The Aijni Novrogod, for
merly known as the Saxonia of the
Hamburg and New York line of steamers,
but since purchased for the Russian vol
unteer fleet, arrived at Port Said under
Bussian colors and manned by Bussian
sailors, at the end of last month. She
had 590 convicts on board, for the most
part Nihilists condemned to be trans
ported to the Island of Saghalien. The
Suez Canal Company raised the question
as to whether this ship, which was
known to have sailed under merchant
colors on her last journey from Mar
seilles to Odessa, and which belongs
neither to Bussian Government nor to
the Bussian transport service, but
which was freighted for the vol
unteer fleet, should be considered
as a ship ot war. The discussion re
sulted in the Nijni Novrogod being
treated as a ship of war, under protest of
the Bussian Consul. Now, the question
just raised caused a stoppage of three
days, during which the convicts on
board were literally left to roast in the
heat, which at this time of the year is
terrible. Their torture was prolonged
for twenty-two mortal hours, because
the Russian authorities hoped to deceive
the Suez Canal Company. But this is
not all. The same vessel is to perform
the same voyage with a similar cargo
four times in the course of the present
year; and, be it observed, other ships
are engaged in the same traffic. All the
ghastly tales that were told during the
late war are surpassed by the cold
blooded cruelty of the Bussian authori
ties towards the Nihilist convicts. What
precedes refers only to those who are
sentenced to transportation; but the fate
of the Nihilist prisoners at home is no
less horrible, and the exclamation of the
Bussian Captain that if his wards died
from the effects of the atrocious treat
ment to which they were subject, it
would be so much the better for all par
ties, might be appropriately repeated by
the director of everv iail in the Russian
Empire. Vienna Dispatch to London
Telegraph.
Anecdote op an Old River Gambler.
One time he was accused of swindling,
the charge being made in the heat of play
by a man from whom Watt's accomplice
had just won $10,000. "Is that your
opinion ? " he quietly asked. "Yes, sir ;
that's what I think," roared the loser ;
"you swindled me, and I stigmatized you
as a scoundrel." The hour was late, and
onlv the watchman and a party engaged
in playing heard the charge, but all of
tbem drew back and held tneir Dream,
for thev wen sure Jack would take a life
to wipe out the insult. It is said that he
has done that thing. "I will give you
$5000 right here if you will not make that
opinion any further public," said Watts,
drawing forth his pocket-book. "Noir,
I do not want the money ; you cannot buy
my silence with money." Then Watts
smiled in his wicked way and held a
pistol in one hand and the money in the
other, and said quietly, as before : "My
friend for the suppression of your opinion
I offered you $5000. You refused. Now
I offer you that amount of money and
voarlife. Do you accept? ' The man
looked into Jack's cold, steel gray eye
and what he read there was convincing.
He took his money and his life and kept
silent. St. Paul Pumeer.
The deepest running stream that is
known is the Niagara river, which, just
under the lowest suspension bridge, is 700
feet deep by actual measurement.
Corvallis Gazette.
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Star Showers.
Meteoric astronomy now takes rank as
a distinctive branch of astronomical sci
ence. Not forty years have elapsed since
it was ascertained that star showers are
periodical. Even then and for many
years after it was supposed there were but
two, called the August and November
showers. Now, not less than 100 have
been detected, and constantly others are
being added to the list. The accounts of
the showers that occurred in ancient
times came down to us clothed such in ex
travagant language that, until the great
star shower of November 13,1833, astrono
mers were loath to believe them. Now
they know not only the cause, but are
able to predict their reoccurrence with
almost as much exactness as eclipses, and
the popular mind observes these displays
with equanimity and delight instead of
fear and alarm, or thinking the day of
judgment has come. . Science has dis
armed not only them but eclipses and
comets as well, of their terrors.
All know what a shooting star looks
like, but no living man can tell what it
really is, for notone has ever been known
to reach the earth. Those heavy, stony
and still more weighty metallic masses,
called meteorlites, meteoric stones, etc.,
which occasionally fall to the earth from
the celestial regions, which the one that
recently fell in Iowa was a remarkable
example,belong to another class of objects
entirely, the origin of Which man knows
nothing.
A shooting" star is only visible while
undergoing the process of combustion,
which lasts from one to three seconds,
seldom longer. Previous to this they ex-"
ist in the dark, probably solid condition,
not much if any larger than peas, too
small to be seen in daylight and in the
night, being in the earth's shadow, are
eclipsed and consequently visible. Only
while being burned they are visible to us,
as they shine by their own light.
Each meteoroid moves in an orbid, re
volving around the sun with as much
regularity as the larger planets. In fact,
each is in every sense of the word a
planet, obeying strictly the laws of gravi
tation and planetary motion. All space
is filled with them ; they are as numerous
as the sand. The earth and they in their
journey around the sun encounter each
other; the earth, by its attraction, draws
them toward it, but to reach it they must
pass through the atmosphere, which one
is not liable to do. Only meteoric stones
are able to reach the earth, and they have
their surfaces blackened, and converted
to scoria by their terrible heat engender
ed by the friction with the atmosphere
and by arrested motion.
Shooting stars move in all directions,
velocities probably equal to the earth's,
nearly 19 miles a second. One moving
retrograde, therefore (from east to west),
would plunge into the atmosphere at a
relative velocity of 38 miles a second,
and if allowance be made for accelerated
motion, caused by the eartii's attraction,
probably double that, or 75 miles
seconu. The encounter is teartuljuujHnt
for tho HtRios'fiy re,-"wiitch acts as a
cushion, the effect would be disastrous,
for not less than 800,000 would rain upon
upon the earth every day.
The source from which these meteoroids
come is comets, especially from their tails.
The tail of the great comet in 1811 was
150,000,000 in length and 15,000,000 in
diameter. It is improbable in the highest
degree that the comet could gather its
tail to itself again. It is left behind,
forming a ring, which in time may be
come continuous. Another comet comes
and it does the same, and during the ages
which are past this process has been go
ing on till the inter-planetary spaces are
filled with not only meteoroids, but some
thing still more marvelous.
In about three thousand years that
great comet will return again and repeat
the process, forming part of another ring,
or, adding to the first, depending on cir
cumstances which need not be considered
here. Whenever the earth, in its usual
journey, passes through any ring made
by some comet, no man xnews wnen we
get a star shower. The four most notable
ones in our times take place at the fol
lowing dates, namely, on the mornings of
August 11th and November 14th, and the
evenings of November 24th and 27th. The
last two are caused by the earth passing
through the track of meteoroids left be
hind by the fragments of Bida's coment,
which divided in two parts in 1846. In
this way meteoric rings are formed, of
which the solar system is filled, but none
are visible to us, except those the earth
passes through. By some such process
was the August ring formed, which the
earth passed diagonally through on the
evening of the 10th and morning of the
14th of the present month.
The first August shower mentioned in
higtory occurred on July 25th, A, D., 811,"
and has appeared with unfailing regu
larity down to our own time, except a
slight break of 83 years between 841 and
924, and another and much greater one of
310 years between 933 and 1243, owing
probably to breaks in the ring, or which
is more likely, to a failure to record them.
The period of the above comet is about
123 years, and it will therefore make its
next appearance about the year 1985.
The eccentricity of the August ring is
very great, its perihilion distance being
equal to that of the earth, and its aphelion
distance being far beyond the orbit of
Neptune, making the circumference of
the ring more than 11,000,000,000 miles,
and as the earth is ten aays in passing
through it, its thickness must be at least
16,000,000 miles. Dr. Lewis Swift in Roch
ester Express.
Plowing bv Electricity. At a recent
meeting of the Paris Academy of Scien
ces, M. Tresca gave an account of some
experiments in plowing by electricity
which he witnessed at Sermaise, in the
Marine. A Gramme machine, making
1200 revolutions per minute, and driven
by a steam engine, was connected to a
second Gramme at a distance of 440
yards, and caused the latter to revolve at,
the rate of 1140 revolutions to the
minute, the electricity produced by the
first machine being thus converted into
work. The second machine was connect
ed to a third at a distance of 219 yards,
and these two worked cables attached to
a double brabant plough. According to
M. Tresca, the experiment was very suc
cessful, the work accomplished represent
ing the equivalent of three horsepower,
while one-half of the motive power ob
tained from the steam-engine was re illy
transferred to a distance of more than
1000 yards from the furnace.