Che Corfotllia (ghetto.
PUBLISHED
EVERY FRIDAY MORNING
BY
Editor and Proprietor.
TERMS:
(COIN.)
Ier l'car, : :
Six Monlli, : :
Three Months, :
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
$ SO
1 so
1 oo
me
VOL. XVI.
CORVALLIS, FRIDAY, MARCH 14, 1879.
NO. 11.
C Cffrtaiiis gette. -
RATES OF ADVERTISING
1 Inch 1 00 3 op 6 w , g qq-J-
1-1! I j 00 I sou i too j law i ihoTi
LJ! ! 3 00 I CUO I 10 00 16 00 I 29 (in
1 ggj 7 00 i 13 Up l!i00
jCol. - 6 00 9 00 15 00ij!0(in j g
3 " I 7 60 t2 00 I 18 00 35 00 j 48 00
j " 10 00 15 00 I 25 00 4000 I mi,
a " lltisoo 80 09 ..i m m oo 1 100 do
Notices in Local Column. 20 fteflbl Tut lino u
scrtion. ' r '
Transient advertisements, per square of 12 lines
Nonpareil measure, 2 50 for first, and SI for each sub
sequent insertion in ADVANCE.
Legal advertisements charged as transient, and
must be paid for upon expiration. Kochunre for pub
lisher s affidavit of publication.
VWlilv njlvpTf.icnmantL .... 111 1 . tw . .
sional Cards, (1 square) 12 per annum. AH notices '
anii :ulvertii3i'',pnts !it..l.l fr. .... . ; 1 u t
: : , . .w pwwpwH hnh uy
handed m by noon on Wednesday,
F. A. CHENOWETHj
.A-ttorney at Law,
CORVALLIS,
OREGON".
OFFICE Corner of Monroe and 21 St. I6:ltf
.A-ttorney at Law,
CORVALLIS, .... OREGON.
OFFICE On Monroe street, bet. Second and Third.
0TK8 AND ACC0UXT8. 10:111.
JAMES A. YANTI'S,
Att'y and Counselor at Law,
CORVALLIS, OREGON.
WILL PRACTICE IN ALL THE COURTS OF
the State. Special attention given to matters
in Probate. Collections will receive prompt and care
ful attention. Gifice in the Court House. 10:ltf.
J. C. MOREL AND,
(city attorney,)
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
OFFICE Monastics' Brick, First street,
bet. Morrison and Yamhill. 14:38tf
DR. F. A. VINCENT,
DENTIST,
CORVALLIS,
OREGON.
OFFICE in Fisher.s New Brick over
Max. Friendly's New Store. All the
latest improvements. Everything
new and complete. All work warrant-
ted. Please give meacall. 1&:M.
AMES JJHAKE.
WILLIAM GRANT
DRAKE & GRANT.
MERCHANT TAILOES,
CORVALLIS, - - - OREGON.
Gr
rain
Storage!
A WORD TO FARMERS.
HAVING PURCHASED THE COMMODIOUS
Warehouse of Messrs, King & Bell, and thor
oughly overhauled the same, I am now ready to re
ceive grain on storage at the roduced
Kate of i cent per ISushel.
I am also prepared to keep EXTRA, WHITE
WHEAT, separate from other lots, thereby enabling
me to SELL AT A PREMIUM. Also prepared to
pay the
Higfiiest Market Price
for wheat, and would, most respectfully, solicit a
share of public patronage. THOS. J. BLAIR.
Corvallis. Aug. 1, 187S. 15:32tf.
ASTONISHING
CURES
Of XerTOns Debility, Lost Manhood,
Paralysis, Exhaublcd Vitality, Im
paired memory, Mental Diseases,
Weakness of Kcprodiictivc
Organs, etc., etc.,
By the GreatEnglish Remedy,
SIR ASTLEY COOPER'S
VITAL RESTORATIVE
TT RESTORES HEARING AND STRENGTHENS
J the EyssigM. It is not a QUACK NOS riiUM.
Its effects are permanent. It has no equal. It is
neither a STIMULANT NOR EXCITANT, but it will
do the work thoroughly and well.
DR. MINT1E & CO'S great success in the above
complaint is largely due to the use of this wonderful
Medicine,
Price &i 00 per bottle, or four times the quantity
for $10 sent secure from observation upon RECEIPT
OF PRICE.
None genuine without the signature of the propri
etor, A. E. MINTIEfM. D.
Physicians sav these troubles cannot be cured.
The VITAL RESTORATIVE and Dr. Mintie & Co's
Special Trijatinent testify positively that they can.
CO.VSULTATIOX FREE.
Thorough examination and advice, including analy
sis, S3 00. Address
DR. E. A. MI.VTIE, U. I)..
(Graduate of University of Pennsylvania, and late
Resident Surgeon, Orthapccdic Hospital, Philadel
phia. Office Hours 10 A. M. to 2 P. M. daily ; 0 to 8 ev
enings. Sundays, 11 A. M. to 1 P. M. only. 15:32m6.
ALL WORK IN OUR LINE NEATLY AND
promptly executed. Repairing and Cleaning a
tqjecialty. Satisfaction guaranteed. Shop opiosite
Graham & Hamilton's. 13:27tf
G. R. FARRA, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN, SURGEON AND OBSTETRCIAN.
Tfiii: GREATEST
Kidney and Bladder Medicine !
IN TUB WORI.9!
VEGETABLE NEPHREIM1
For Inflammation of the Kidneys or Bladder, Pain in
the Back, IHabetse, Briyht's Disease, etc.
TRY IT fcOne bottle will convince you of its Great
Merit. Ask your Drujist for it and take no other.
Everybody who uses it recommends it.
Irioc 1 35 p-r ICottlc.
To be had of all Druggists, or of the Proprietor, at
11 Kearny Street, San Francisco, California.
o
FFICE OVER .GRAHAM &
Drug Store, Corvallis, Oregon.
HAMILTON'S
I4:26yl
NEW TIN SHOP,
J. K. WEBBER, Propr.,
3Vain St., Corvallis.
STOVES AND TINWARE,
ALL KINDS.
43" All work warranted and at reduced rates.
12:13tf
II. E. HARRIS,
One Door South of Graham .t Hamilton's,
CORVALLIS - - - OREGON.
Groceries, Provisions,
AND
DHT-GOODS.
Corvallis, Jan. 3, 1878. 10:lyl.
J. BLUMBERG,
(Bet. Southers' Drug Store and Taylor's Market,)
CORVALLIS, OREGON
GROCERIES and PROVISIONS, FURNISHING
Goods, Cigars and Tobacco, etc., etc.
Produce taken, at highest market rates, in exchange
for goods.
March 7, 1878 15:10tf
W. C. CRAWFORD,
DEALER IN ..
cSL WATCHES,
Ola OCKS!
TEWELttY, SPECTACLES, SIVER WARE, ETC.
O Also,
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, STRINGS, &C.
t3T Repairing done at the most reasonable rates,
and all work warranted.
Corvallis Dec. 13. 1877. MdMf
BOARD anOLODGING.
Neat Rooms and Splendid Table.
OUR CORRESPONDENT ON YESTERDAY WAS
shown the Neatly Kuriilslieil Room
W-r .
MRS- JOSEPH POLLY.
At their residence, just opposite the residence of
Judge F. A. Chenoweth prepared and now in readiness
for such boarders as may choose to give her a call,
either by the single meal or by the week.
Mrs. Polly has a reputation as a cook, and sets as
good actable as can be found in the State.
Solicits a share of patronage. 15:46tf
FRUIT TREES AND SEEDS!
The Coast HillsNursery
OFFER A FINE AND CAREFULLY GROWN
stock of
FRUIT AND NTJT TREES
to suit the times. Also an assortment of Garden
Seed. All our seeds aie carefully tested. Seeds
in packets sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price
10 cents. A few varieties choice Flower Seeds at the
same price.
Vegetable Plants and Flowers
fof sale In the Spring. Orders by mail will receive
prompt attention. Address
ED. C. PHELPS, Manager,
Newport, Benton Countv, Oregon.
Dk. 2(1. 1878. 15:71m4.
ENGLISH DANDELION PILLS!
THE ONLY two medicines which really act upon
the LIVER, one is Mercury or Ulue Pill, and the other
DANDELION.
THOUSANDS of Constitutions have been destroy
ed by Mercury or lilue Pill, and Calomel. The only
SAFE Remedy is DR. MINTIE'S Dandelion Combina
tion, which is purely
VEGETABLE,
which acts gently upon the Liver and removes all ob
structions. Prfce per box, 25 cents. To be had of
all Druggists.
All letters should be directed to, and special treat
ment given, at No. 11 Kearney St.
San Francisco Julv 11. 1&7S. IS 32m6.
CIT MARKET
JOHN S. BAKER, Propr.
CORVALLIS, - OREGON.
TTAVING BOUGHT TIIE ABOVE MARKET
-LX and himm and permanently located in
Corvallis, I will keep constantly on hand the
choicest cuts of
BEEF. PORK, SftlTTON, and VEAL.
Especinl attention to making extra BO
LOGNA SAUSAGE.
Being a practical butcher, with large experi
ence in the business, I flatter myself that 1 can
give satisfaction to customers. Please call and
givemea trial. JOHN S. BA K 10 K.
Dec. 6th, 1878. 15:49tf
SETTLE UP.
A LL PERSONS KNO VING THEMSELVES
A indebted to the late firm of B. T. Taylor A
Co., are hereby notified to come forward and
settle said indebtedness immediately and save
costs, as our business must be closed up.
B. T. TAYLOR CO.
Corvallis 13, 1878. lS:46tf.
Farm for Sale.
THE UNDERSIGNED OFFERS FOR
sale his splendid grain and stock farm,
fnur miles nnrth nf wpst: (',,,-, -Jl
. VVl O, VfU
Oak creek containing 1200 acres over one
l -.!-.. : It: .
uuuiiicii ftuiw in uunivaLiou two nne oear
ing orchards, and well calculated for divid
ing into two or more snug farms Terms
easy and title perfect. For particulars in
quire of E. Holgate, W. B. Carter, or
E. MARPLE,
on the premises.
Corvallis, Jau. 1, 1878. 16:ltf.
FITS EPILEPSY,
OR
FALLING SICKNESS,
PERMANENTLY CURED NO HUM
bug by one month's usage of Dr. Gou
lard's celebrated Infallible Fit Powders. To
convince sufferers that these powders will do
all we claim for them we will send them by
mail, post paid, a free Trial Box. As Dr.
Goulard is the only physian that has ever
made this disease a special study, and as to
our knowledge thousands have, been perma
nently cured by the use of these Powders,
we will guarantee a permanent cure in eve
ry case, or refund you all money expended.
All sufferers should give these Powders an
early trial, and be canvinced of their cura
tive powers.
Price, for large box, S3. 00, or four boxes
for 10.00, sent by mail to any part of the
United States or Canada, on receipt of price,
or by express C. O. D. Address,
ASH & ROBBINS,
360 Fulton Street, Brooklyn N. Y.
15:8yl.
SETTLE UP.
ALL PERSONS INDEBTED TO THE UNDER
signed, either for board or meat account, will
please come forward and settle immediately as I
need the money to enable me to meet mv obligations,
and must have it. ''A word to the wise is sufficient. "
H. W. VINCENT.
Corvallis, Doc. 24, 1878. 15:52M.
WOODCOCK & BALDWIN,
(Successors to J. R. Bayloy k Co.,)
KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND AT THE
old stand, a large and complete stock of
Heavy and Shelf Hardware,
IRON, STEEL, TOOLS, STOVES,
RANGES,
Manufactured and Horns Made
TIN AND COPPER WAR
Pumps, JPipe, etc.
A GOOD TINNER constantly on hand, and
all Job Work neatly and quickly done.
fo
Also Agents for Knapp, Burrell fc Co.
the sale of the best and latest improved
FARM MACHINERY.
of all kinds, together with a full assortmen
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
Sole Agents for the celebrated
ST.' LOUIS CHARTER OAK STOVES
the BEST IN THE WORLD. Also the Jfor
man Range, and many other patterns, in all
sizes and styles. , ,
Particular attention paid to Farmers'
wants, and the supplying extras for Farm Ma
chinery, and all information as to such articles,
furnished cheerfully, on application.
No pains wilr be spared to furnish our cus
tomers with the best goods in market, in out
line, and at lowest prices.
Our motto shall bo, prompt and fair dealing
with all. Call and examine our stock, before
going elsewhere. Satisfaction guaranteed.
WOODCOCK & BALDWIN.
Corvallis, Jan. 26. 18 . 14:4tf
Frosli Grooas
AT THE
BAZAR FASHION
CORVALLIS, - - OREGON.
MRS. E. A. KNIGHT
HAS JUST RECEIVED FROM SAN
and PORT
I. A Ti 5). the Largest and Best Stock of
MILLINERY GOODS,
DRESS TRIMMINGS, ETC.,
Ever brought to Corvallis, which she will
sell at prices that
Dfy Competition,
Ladies are respectfully invited to call and
examine her goods and prices betore pur
chasing elsewhere.
AGBSCY FOR
Mme. DEMOREST'S
RELIABLE PATTERNS,
ty Rooms at residence, two blocksnorth
of Gazette office..
Corvallis, May 2, 1878. 14:lt6f
E. HOLGATE,
ATTORN E Y AT LAW
WILL PRACTICE IN ALL THE COURTS
in the State.
Having bad four years experience as County
Judge, and given close attention tc Probate
matters, 1 i m well prepared to attend to all
business in that line ; also contested Road
Matters. I will give strict und prompt atten
tion, to collections, and as heretofore will do a
ft TEAL ESTATE,
and General Business Agency.
Local Agent of
Home Mutual Insurance Co.
co.sxixirnoNAi
Mr. Editor: " Come, let us reason to
gether." It may be well for the people to
post themselves in regard to the objects and
nature of their Magna Charta, and their
rights under it. The constitution was not
the act of government, but of the people.
It precedes the government, and constitutes
the people's enabling act, or authority un
der which the government exists. It is a
law to the government, enacted by the peo
ple to peotect them from unjust legislation
and oppressive acts that a government or-
y.ud mulur it might inflict. AH power
xercised over a nation must have some or
igin. It must be either delegated or assum
ed. There are no other sources. All dele
gated powers are sacred trusts, and all as
sumed power is usurpation. Neither time
nor circumstances alter the nature of either.
Government has of itself no rights, they are
altogether duties. Absolute sovereignty
rested with the people before the constitu
tion was adopted. They had the absolute
power to make paper money or paper gods.
They had the power to do anything within
the scope of human possibilities. Their in
dependence and national sovereignty were
acknowledged by all the powers of the earth.
The colonies had all made paper legal
tender money before the days of the confed
eration, and with it had paid their debts,
grown prosperous, developed the country,
fought their Indian battles and brought civ
ilization out of barbarism and the wilderness.
After they had gained their independence,
they resolved to establish a government, not
to rule over them, but to defend them in the
enjoyment of the liberties and natural rights
they had wre3ted from the crown. The
whole people could not participate directly
in legislation, execution, or in adjudication,
but they could delegate these duties and
powers to representative servants called a
government. When they had resolved to
delegate administrative powers to a govern
eming bpdy they framed a charter or consti
tution to govern and guide that body. The
objects of the government, and the duties
enjoined upon it are clearly set forth in the
preamble to the constitution. By this pre
amble every ambiguous clause in the instru
ment is to be interpreted. It reads as fol
lows, nd its meaning is as clear as sunlight:
' ' We, the people of the United . States, in
order to form a more perfect union, establish
justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide
for the common defense, promote the general
welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty
to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain
and establish this constitution. " That was
what the constitution was ordained for. It
grants to the government organized under it
full power, and makes it its solemn duty to
exercise that power to any extent necessary
to bring about the specified results.
The sovereign power of a nation to estab
lish a medium of exchange, and to declare
what shall and what shall not be legal ten
der within its own jurisdiction is the most
important prerogative, and is a right and a
privilege that no nation has ever questioned,
or dared to dento any other nation. Does
the United States possess that right ? If not
it being a sovereign right, what other nation
or nations or power has deprived our nation
of it ? If we have not been deprived of thn
power, where does it rest ? The people ie
their sovereignty originally possessed it.
Did they through the constitution delegate
this prerogative to the government ? " To
provide for the common defense, and to pro
mote the general welfare," is sufficient au
thority if there was no other, to warrant
the government in the exercise of this pow
er at any time when the common defense
was in jeopardy, or the general welfare was
in peril for lack of legal tendei money in
sufficient quantity to provide for the one or
to promote the other.
aSS-Omce in the rear of Rosenthal's store.
Entrance either on Madison street or through
the store, Corvallis, Oregon.
v!6n28tf.
THE STAR BAKERY,
MAIN STKfiET, COEVALI.IS,
HENRY WARRIOR, PROPRIETOR.
FAMILY SBPPlV STORE!
GHOCBRIES,
DREAD. CAKES i PIES, CANDIES, TOYS,
Etc., Always on Hand.
Corvallis, Jan. 1 187. 14:2t
T) T7 Cj Hp business you can engage in. $5
JDljlioJ. 20 per day made by any
worker of either sex, right in their own lo
calities. Particulars and samples worth So
free. Improve your spare time at this busi
ness. Address Stinson & Co., Portland,
Maine. lo:12yl
AUGUST KNIGHT,
CABINET MAKER.
RD
UNDERTAKER,
Cor. Second and Monroe Sts.,
CORVALLIS, OREGON.
KEEPS CONSTANTLY ON HAND ALL
kinds of
FURNITURE.
Work done to order on short notice, at rea
sonable rates.
J. A. KNIGHT.
Corvallis Jan. 1, 18 7. 14:ltf
The government has the undoubted right
to do anything, or exercise any sovereign
power of the people, or to accomplish the
objects set forth-in the preamble to their
charter, unless that instrument specially
prohibits it. The power to coin money is
specially delegated to Congress, leaving it
discretionary with that body to coin it out
of such material and in such form as it might
deem most conducive tb justice and the pro
motion of the general welfare. While the
people gave Congress unrestricted authority
to coin money out of anything, they re
stricted themselves in their state authority
to make gold and silver legal tender. The
object of this was to avoid a mixed homoge
neous currency, which would result from
separate state currencies. The only clause
in the constitution which the bullionists
use as a pretext against the right of the
government to issue legal tender paper
is clause 1 of section 10, artitle 1, which de
clares that no Stats shall make anything-
but gold and silver coin a legal tender. If
this clause can be so construed as to prohibit
Congress from making anything but gold
and silver coin a legal tender then Congress
cannot even coin money, enter into any
treaty, or alliance, or grant letters of marque,
for the same clause declares that no State
shall do these things. If this clause pro
hibits Congress from making anything but
gold and silver legal tender, where does it
get its authority to make copper, brass and
nickel, legal tender? If Congress can make
copper, brass and nickel, legal tender, ninety-nine
hundredths fiat ; it can make iron.
lead and paper, just as welL If the right
of Congress to issue legal tender greenbacks
under the constitution is doubtful, the peo
ple is the only tribunal competent to deter
mine its authority. That instrument is of
their making, and not of the Supreme
Courts.
Let the people vote on the questions at
the next general election, and give that in
terpretationfor to them belongs the right
to decide and not to any of their subordi
nates. : , W. A. Wells.
March 6, 1879.
WHOA, JANUARY!
Editor Gazette : I was surprised, yes
astonished to see Prof. Forester Wilberforce
Royal, who has just laid aside his pinefores,
rushing into print defending his little school
of a half dozen aborigines, over which he
presides as pedagogue. But the real object
of the Prof, seems to be to show his physic
al and intellectual proportions. The young
man says a good deal in his epistle of which
he knows nothing about. He is like the old
blind hoss that ran away and kicked the
harness off and then kept on kicking as long
as he heard any noise, he seems to think his
dignity has been assailed and thus com
mences to kick Whoa, January, won't you
whoa? This boy, like a young pigeon, is
largest when first hatched. He is such a
lubberly, gawkish looking fellow that his
pupils, not knowing to what order of verte
brated animals he belongs, calls him the
great American Guyascutis. I have no
doubt Mr. Barnum would give a liberal price
for him, as he would like to get all kinds of
natural curiosities.
In an altercation with one of his pupils
the young and wiery little Indian took the
Prof, by the back of the neck and seat of
his breeches and would have pitched him
out of the school house and gave him a sound
thrashing had nut others interfered and pre
vented it. This is one instance of his phys
ical strength in controling an Indian. This
Prof, is a brilliant boy. He took a calf by
the tail and chased it around for several
hours, trying to stear the bovine into.thecor
ral, not thinking that if he would let go the
tail and jgo around to the head he might
drive the calf without any trouble. Oh,
what a pedagogue ! It appears from this that
the Prof, would make a better navigator
than a school teacher. A little common sense
makes an excellent foundation to build an
education upon.
Ihis teacher has an easy time. He puts
in about two-thirds of his time teaching ca-
lesthenics, marching, singing, thumping pa
per wads at the dusky maidens, and "issu
ing crackers. When cracker time conies,
all the old Indians and clutchmen march up
to the schoolhouse to get their share of the
muck-a-muck in order to keep their tenuat
ed forms together until spring opens, when
they can scatter out to catch fish and gather
roots. It takes a great many crackers, and
I verily believe there were eighty boxes.
The Great Father at Washingtouwill, after
a while, send on another cargo,for it will
never do for these fellows to work it might
injure their delicate, constitutions (?) This
young gentleman, it he could leave his
mother long enough to teach a- school, might
get one in the country at 25. 00 per month,
whereas now he gets .$S00 a year. Go on,
young man, you are doing exceedingly well.
Hut ro amount of "hide and go seek will
disguise the fact the Siletz Reservation is do
ing no good and that it is a great leach lying
there absorbing the substance of the coun
try, without producing anything in return.
I would like to have a home in the beau
ful Silelz valley, but I did not co so far as to
stake olf the most choice part of the land,
expecting the reservation would be opened
up for settlement, and at the same time pro-.
lessing to be a Iriend of the Indians. Yours
truly, X.
laqumaUay, Feb. 28, 1S79.
XEW ORCHARDS.
FI.A.TiCE CATECHISM.
Wha is a greenback ?
" It is an order drawn by the gov
ernment on society for the amount .of its
face, for anything in the market its holder
may desire.
Under what obligations is society to hon
or these drafts ?
' The government is society's agent and
protector. Society is bound to support the
government and supply it with everything
necessary to enable it to afford such protec
tion. The greenback is not only an order
on society for the amount of its face, but it
is also a voucher, that he who received it
had contributed to the government, for the
benefit of sficiety, the amount of its face."
Should not these orders be redeemed ?
"Certainly- they should be; and every
time they pass from one hand to another for
a consideration equivalent to their par value
they are redeemed." , ,
Should they not be redeemed by the gov
ernment tljat issued them ?
" Yes, in taxes and anything the govern
ment may have to spare for the benefit of
society.
But should they not be redeemed in gold
and silver ?
" The government does not create gold
and silver. It is a pauper, dependent upon
society for everything it posses. When the
greenbacks are out in circulation they are
the property of society. If society is to re?
ceive gold redemption for its greenbacks, it
must first produce the eoid at a premium,
hand it over to the government, and then.)
l i. .4. rvu: ..-.. l a .a :
IWOUC II MtlwlY it L JJ.II. J.1U9 ITVU1U W OT
losing game all round. " vm, ..
Why, then, do our able financiers advo
cate the redemption of currency in gold ?
"The term 'financier' is erroneously ftp
plied to the advocates of coin redemption.
'Speculator' would be better. The intelli
gent advocates of coin dedemption are ene
mies both to society and the government.
They are social and political pirates who tap
every channel of trade and enterprise, and
thrive on the leakage and loss of society."
If greenbacks are ample as a medium of
commercial exchange for the needs of labor
and enterprise, why are they not for the
uses of those "speculators?"
" Because greenbacks are beyond the con
trol of speculators. They can be supplied
in quantities to meet the demands for money.
Their volume cannot, like the cold volume,
be monopolized and 'cornered'. Without
the power to corner there is little chance
for speculation.
What is legal tender ?
"It is a solem compact and agreement by
and between all the members of society ex
pressed and, recorded by the government,
that each shall honor and: receive in pay
ment of debts certain tokens, issued by the
government on account of society. Indiana
Express.
Ed, Gazette : In traveling over most of
the valley counties, I have closely observed
the condition of the old orchards in them.
That fatal winter of 1861-2 killed, or placed
pn the decline, nearly all the Iruit trees in
this valley. Multitudes of them have been
dug up and thrown away. Those yet
standing are generally moss-covered, and in
a dying condition. In consequence of the
price of fruit coming down so low-
here, and not much demand for it while
green, there has been great neglect in nur
turing and trimming the old truit trees or
setting out others. But this course is
wrong. The demand for our dried and can
ned fruits is permanent, lasting and remun
erative. Our exhibits of such at the centen
nial have rendered our fruits world-wide in
fame.
Thirty years experience in fruit-growing in
Western Oregon has certainly taught our peo
ple many useful lessons in pomology. Nearly
all that nursery-men and fruit-growers
here in early times knew, was obtained in
fruit books published in the States. Thes3
were made up from data there. But it is a
well-known fact that west of the Rocky
Mountains the climate, . soils and seasons
are very different from those of -the
States. Not considering ' this fact, most of
fruit growers here selected and cultivated
fruit trees according to the system in the
East. Hence we found that number one
fruit for late keeping, here often turned out
second rate fall fruit. Hardy trees there
were easily killed here. It is, therefore,
only from actual experience here that we can
have a sure guide to direct us in selecting
fruit trees for new orchards-which are loud
ly called for here. .
And the mode of culture here must also be
determined byjactual experience. High culti
vation, manuring and fall plowing of our or
chards, should be abandoned. The tender
young growth of the trees, if highly stimu
lated, is liable to be killed by our coid snaps
in winter. I have observed that every
where I have been, fruit trees planted out on
low, wet lands especially white lands have
nearly all died out. It is suggested that all
of our fruit trees, not injured on their
trunks, can be restored by cutting off near
ly all the tops of them. This may succeed
in some cases, but it would be far better to
dig up all the old fruit trees and use the
land for grain or grasses. Never should
new orchards be planned out on the same
land where old orchards have grown.
The small rootlets of old trees run under the
ground, as feeders, for twenty or thirty feet
each way. These have taken up the tree
food, and the proper elements that go to
make up wood and fruit are pearly ex
hausted.
When I set out a large orchard, in 1853
to '58, I planted out twenty-four varieties of
apple, and a dozen varieties of plum and
pear trees. If I had the same to perform now,
I should plant out about nine varieties, all
told, of apple, and four of plum and five of
pear. The era of fruit growing here is at
hand. The fruit dryers of Plummer and
one or two others, have opened up to our
people a new, a sure source of wealth.
And it is well known that our canned sweet
-' i i. , Li
corn, our delicious piunis, oiacKoernes,
raspberries and strawberries are in great de
mand in outer ports.; This is a profitable
and sure business for our people. I he
preparation of the land for orchards, kinds
of trees and mode of culture can be known
from our nursery-men; but in no case should
fruit trees be planted on white or. low, wet
lands. ' It is to be hoped that our people
will never again buy fruit trees of tree ped
dlers, nor trees from the States that
are not acclimated here. Our nursery-men
here are honorable, responsible persons, and
sell trees true to the labels upon them, and
we should encourage home trade and home
industry. Rotation in crops, and a more va
ried product of our articles for commerce, are
loudly called for. Our favored country has
varied resources of wealth besides wheat.
Good economy would point out a rota
tion in crops. Oavid Newsome.
Corvallis, February, lb'J.
" Morley's I.'tcr
work.
from New
from our regular correspondent.
New York, Feb. 20, 1879.
THAT JANUARY THAW.;
Were you ever in New York during a
January thaw ? If so, Bob Iugersull could
never convince you that there is no such
place as hell ! Three weeks ago buow lay a
foot deep on street and sidewalk. The side
walk owners and horse-car companies piled
it three to five feet high along the curbs
For three weeks no street cleaning was done
and the conglomerated nastiness of a great
city was swept from store, hallway and eel
lar, straight into those snowbanks. "Snow
banks ! " In color and appearance they
were muck heaps, containing mud, garbage,
ashes, sweepings street refuse but I spare
yon! Well, for a week the sun poured
warmly on these heaps of solidified pesti
lence ; the heaps choked the gutters, the
gutters' choked the sewers, and a million
feet carried each its quota ot tilth from street
to sidewalk, till I venture little in saying
that if any modern pigsty had a floor as fil
thy as our sidewalks were, Henry Bergh
would be after its proprietor for cruelty to
animals. V-
What wonder that Diphtheria and" the
Scarlet Fiend should float on such a filth-
laden air, and brood over a thousand anx
ions homes till ministers offer special pray
ers in the cnurcnes ior tne lives oi nine
victims? .
THE UNDERSIDE OF A BIO CITY.
Talmage took a detective apd went to the
dance-house3 ; I didn't. I took a' man
having the entree of the gambling dens, and
saw that strange passion at white heat in the
early morning. I had seen gambling hells
in Mexico, where the horrible spell sat like
a nightmare on its victims, and as one eazed
on the rigid lips and glaring eyes he ceased
to wonder at bloody deeds . in gambling
houses. We went from the elegant, Wil-,
ton-carpeted Broadway parlor, with, free
supper tables and wine hampers, down to
the low dive where black and white, of all
tongue3, play poker all night. Nothing was
so surprising a3 the number of nice-looking
old gentlemen, venerable enough for Sunday
School superintendents, that frequented the
" higher" houses. They play coolly, whining
or losing usually losing. One party, ap
parently young clerks, came in, sat down
with some spruce " whippers in," and m'
twenty minutes walked out, every man of
them " dead broke." Pity the poor, fools
half knaves, half fools ; hungry for money
they had not earned, and too idiotic to see
that those hot suppers and eostly w-ines
must finally come out of their own pockets.
Faro is not a game; it is a contribution.
The player contributes eventually to the
banker's, wealth just as certainly as the bull
in a Spanish bull-tight dies-both are fore-ordained.
The shortest possible cut to pover
ty lies straight across the green cloth, and
any young man choosing to travel that way
had better understand that at the outset.
A COirJlERCIAL REVOLUTION,
Twenty years ago canned goods were
found oidy in a few of the principal stores
in the larger cities ; now, no cros3-road gro
cer's stock is considered complete withot an
assortment ot them, Ihis revolution is
mainly due to the great grocery house of
Timrber & Co., of this city, who own many
canning factories, and do a business stated
in a recent publication to exceed that of any.
four houses of that line in the world. Real
izing that confide ace must lie at the base of
a trade in sealed packages, they placed a
guarantee on their goods, and authorized
retailers to refund the price whenever the
purchaser of goods hearing their name had
cause for dissatisfaction. Dealers and con
sumers were quick to see their interests just
here, and this doubtless accounts largely for
the popularity of canned goods tearing
the name of Timrber.
We must not overlook the labeling of
these packetgoo.ls, which has become a great
industry, and employs some of the finest tal
ent in this country. A constant improvement
goes on here, too, and Mary's " little lamb,"
and a host of other la,lx;ls recently designed
by the Forbos Lithographic Company, of
Boston, are positively meritorious chromos.
Iheodore lutnn, in ' lenipest iossed,
let imagination run vild anioivj vast stores
of canned foods, but what was a dream to
his mariners is a living reality to-day. The
briny suggestions of ' Tempest Tossed " re
call those nautical Hues of Hood's :
" A sea horse is a sea hor.e
When you see him on the sea ; )
Bnt when you see him on the bay
A bay horse then is he. "
But did you ever see the saw manufacrured
by an abandondoned Yankee whose name is
yet unknown to infamy ?
" A hen hawk is a hen hawk
When you know it is a she ;
But when you know it is a male
A Tommy-hawk is he ! "
But neither tempests nor tomahawks shall
prevent us from finishing our cursory say on
the commercial aspect of this industry. In
1877, wo exported S'J.OOO.OOO ot canned
foods. Perishable products are utilized and
saved ; fresh fruits and vegetables are ;
brought within reach throughout the year ;
the seven fat kine are literally saved for the
seven lean kine to feed upon, and it is esti
mated that these modest little tin cans are
annually saving 50,000.000 of surplus food
products that otherwise would have been
lef c to perish. This is a commercial revolu
tion worth having ! MORLEY.
A Delicious Flower. The well-known
fragrant garden favorite, the sweet'Scented
or lemon 'erbena, seems to have other qual
ities to recommend it than those of fragrance,
for which it is usually cultivated, lhe au
thor of a recent work, entitled "Among
the Spanish People," describes it as being.
systematically gathered in hpam, where it
is regdd as a fine stomachic and cordial.
It is either used in the form of a cold de
coction, sweetened, or five or six leaves are
put into a teacup and hot tea poured upon
them. . The author says that , the flavor at,
the tea thus prepared "is simply delicious,
aud no one who has drank his Pekoe with
it will ever again drink it without a sprig of
lemon verbena." And he further states that
if this iS used one need ' ' never suffer from
flatulence, never be nervous or old maidish,
never have cholera, diarraho3a or loss of appetite."
t is said that m London it is not a very
uncommon thing to find yourself riding in
a handsome cab driven by a broken-down
lawyer, a retired doctor, or even a played
out lord.. A part of this story will d o for
the marines only. Nobody else could be
made to believe that an English lord, or
any other sort of lord, no matter how thor
oughly, played-out he might be, would rather
drive a cab for. a living than marry an Amer
ican heiress with an annual income of half a,
million, knowing how marvelously easy it ia
for him to do so.
When a girl's lover calls on her in the
evening she is all smiles, and looks as intel
ligent as an Egyptian mummy ; but let that
same young man call around Monday morn
ing when she is at the wash-tub, and she
will hide in the closet or crawl under the
stove, and when discovered be as frigid as a
Greenland icicle.
The "intelligent compositor" is
abroad in Missouri. The "Warrens
burg Journal asks the reader, " in,
translating last week's issne," for
" pillows of light,' to read "pillars,
ot light; for "Longhorn and New
syrup," read "Lawhon, and New
son; for "drunk and dressed up,"
read "dreary and desolate, etc.
When last seen the compositor Was
ten miles from tbe Black' Hills ana
still running.
A woven book has been manufac
tured at Lyons, the whole of the let
ter press being executed in silken
thread. Portraits, versei? and brief
addresses have often been reproduced
by the loom, but an entire volumo
trom the weaver's hand is a novelty.