Bedrock democrat., August 13, 1873, Image 1

V
Democrat.
edrock democrat ,
P U B L IS H E D E V E R Y
W EDNESDAY,
.
lrnw ÄT^i 1 Job W
ork MUST PAID
BY
J- M. S H E P H E R D .
Office in Pierce’s Hall.
T erms
One year......
*ix Months,..
or
«
S ubscriptio n :
.
VOL. 4.
\
f m E » O I U - A CO., 10 S ta te I
and 7 m ? T Ujn- 37 P « k Row, New York,
«Sr Ï Ï e m i r«.W 8treet- Rblladelphia, are
for t h l B ed » ^ ¿ >lVCDr,ng *«D «rt>seinent*
BAKER CITY, BAKER COUNTY, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 13, 1873.
BUSINESS NOTICES.
For
J • P - A t w o o d , M. D.
cltle« HrÎiDEoClt « “ OCKAT, lu tlie ubove
advertuPn^
ttull»orDed to contract for (Graduate of the Medical Department ot
erasing at our lowest rates.
naif *
the Willamette UniTeraity,)
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
n23]
JOlte \?ím £üw PrcParcd
«io all kinds of
Ï,
’
short notice and at rcasona-
nie rates.
BAKER CITY, OREGON.
Iti
LIUS. MICE & .NEWSOM,
* ° R ON d e l i v e r y .
K L L IG IO I H X O T U E S .
R euoiovs .—The Bev. Mr. Newton, of the
, • r 1 D’huroh, South. will preach at the fol­
lowing tunes and places: lstBuuday in each
la
Æ
^
month, at Eagle Greek, at 11 a . it., and ¡Sat­
urday night pievious; night at Gem City;
Monday night loliowing, Main Powder ltiver,
kt Mr. Sander*’ ; Saturday night and 2d bun
—J V> iugr file; Tuesday night following, D E N T I S T S ,
North Powder, at Riggs’ school house; Weu-
Having permanently located in
nesday at VN oil creek; Thursday uight, Uuion-
B A U E R C IT Y , O R E G O N ,
town; Iriday night, Iowa scsool house; Sat­
urday night anu 3d buuday, 11 a . m ., Rus­ And are prepared to operate in all branches
of the
sell » school house: uight, La Grande; Tues­
day night alter, Liberty school house; Wed­
DENTAL PROFESSION.
nesday night, Forest Cove, Dixie school
house; Thursday night, Kindull» school All work Warranted. Office at the
house; Friday night, Indian Valley; Saturday
n7tf
BAKER HOTEL.
night and 4tu buuday at 11 a . K., Dry creea
achoolhouse; night, Uummervitle; Monday
night following, Uni^utowu; Tuesday night,
Big creek.
e s p e c t f u l l y in f o r m s t h e c i t i -
R eligious .—Rev, A. J. Joslyu will fill ap­
zeiu of Raker City and vicinity that he
pointments as follows, until lurtber notice: will soon be with them again prepared to do
1st buuday each mouth at Uuion, at 11 a . it, all kind* of
“
“
The Cove, at 3 r. u.
Dental Work,
2d Sunday Summerville morning and eve’ng.
in
the
most
substantial manner.
3d buuday, Cove at 11 a . m .; Lmou 3 1 . u.
Baker City, March 12,1873.n44tf.
4th buuday. Focahoutas at 11 a . m .; James’
behool House at 3 r. m ., and Raker City
at 3 v. it.
Mondsy evening following, llye Valley; Tues­
day and Wednesday evening, Mormon
Rabin; Thursday evening at Eldorado.
©
r-H
R eligious .- -Rev. G. W. Clancy, of the
c©
Baptist Church at Wiugville, will preach at
the District bcliool House, lu Baser City,
the second buuday of each mouth at 11
o ’clock, A. M.
h
L Ì I lf n £
. Ü, I). STEF
R
j. B. GARDNER,
W
'
Episcopal Chnrcli, Rev. Dr. Ne-
▼ius, Missionary in C h a r g e :
July 27th, at the C o v e ; Aug. 3rd,
at La Grande; Aug. lUth, at Baker
City, at 11 A. M. aud S 1J. M.; Aug.
17th, at Union, at 11 A. M.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
L . O. B T B R N 8 ,
N o t a r y P u b l ic .
T. C. IIY D E ,
S te rn s & H y d e ,
A ttorneys
and
C ou n selors A l-I .a u ,
0
È
WATCHMAKER AND JEW ELER,
ESTABLISHED IN BAKER CITY IN 1867,
Keeps constantly on hand a well assorted
Stock of
WATCHES, CLOCKS i JEWELRY,
and is prepared to do all kinds of work in
his lice of business.
Waltham and Elgin Watches at Factory
n31
Prices
[tf.
B A K E R CITY, OREGON.
’W e s t e r n H o t e l .
L. 0 . S terns will attend the Court* o f the
Fifth judicial District, and o f Idaho and X AIN S T R E E T ,........................................... BAKER CITY.
Washington Territories.
REID
FLETCHER, P ropr.
Water Rights and Mining Litigation a
S pecialty .
HIS HOUSE has been enlarged and re­
Collections promptly attended to.
fitted, and is now the beet Hotel on the
June 18, 1873.nGy
* Umatilla and Idaho stage route.
Stages leave this House for above and be­
low, and also for Clark’s Creek Eldorado,
Geui City and Sparta.
\
&
Connected with the Hotel will bo found a
A t t o r n e y s - a t - L a w , first class
&
T
LAWRENCE
DIGIN,
B A H EH C I T Y , O R E G O N .
ILL
W
of the State. Mr. Lawrence, the resi­
dent partner, will attend to the business in
P R A C T I C E IN A L L C O U R T S
Baker and Union Counties.
n50y
I. D. HAINES,
TTORNEY AND COUNS E LOR AT
L Law, Baker city, Oregon*
[n ltf
LAAV.
m.
As m m m ,
BAKER...........................................OREGON.
Advances made on good mortgages, bonds,
Botes and accounts, left for collection, when
desired.
I nltf
S A L O O N !
Liquors, Wines and Cigars of the best
quality. Phelan’s Improved Billisrd Tables
all in good order.
N. B.—Those indebted to either tlie Hotel
or Saloon are requested to appear at the
Captain’s office and settle.
no5v3tf.
BAKER CITY BREWERY,
KASTNER & LACHNER, Proprietors,
BAKER CITY, OREGON,
e s p e c t f u l l y in f o r m
t h e c it i -
R zens of Daker City, and the surround­
ing Towns and Mining Camps, that they are
now prepared to till all orders with the very
best quality of
J. M. S H E P H E R D ,
H ager B eer,
A t to r n e y -a t-L a w ,
BAKER C IT Y , OREGON.
At reasonable rates. The public are invited
ta call and look at our est&lishment.
Baker City, Jan. 8, 1873.-n35tf
JAS. H. S L A T E R ,
GEORGE SALLY, PROPRIEIOR.
Attorney and Conmelor at Law,
Will practice in the Courts of the Fifth
Judicial District.
Particular attention paid to Collections.
April 2, 1878.-n47y.
S . V . KNOX,
A t t o r n e y at L a w ,
(And Notary Public,)
WESTON, OREGON.
W ill practice in the Court* of this State and
Washington Territjry.
PECIAL AITENTION PAID TO LAND
Business, and Collections.
nl3tf
S
J O S E P H H. S H I N N ,
Notary Public
OF TH E
Bank
E xchange,
West Side of Main Street,
B ak er City, Oregon.
im s
the very best o f
T
BRANDIES,
saloon
is
s u p p ie d
w it h
W H IS K Y S ,
WINES,
CIGARS, Ac., <tc.
The Proprietor o f this New Establish­
ment will be pleased to see his Friends
and the Public give him a call, and he
will try to make them feel AT HOME.
Baker City, Jone 12. 18T2.-no5v3tf
T H E N D E R S O N
B A K E R C IT Y , O R E G O N ,
MANUFACTURER AND DEALER
I a
AND
C o n v e y a n c e r ,
Will attend to Conveyancing and making
ABSTRACTS OF TITLE.
Baker City, Sept. 11,1872.
nlStf
Harness, Collars, Hobbles,
WHIPS,
S A D D L E R Y,
Etc., Etc., Etc.
D r . E c IP. T i e r n e y ,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
BAKER
CITY,
OREGON,
ESFECTFULLY INFORMS 1H E CIT-
___izens of Eastern Oregon that he has lo­
cated in Baker City, aud gives strict attention
to his Profession.
Q ^O llice at J. W. Wisdom’s Drug Ptore.
C 7 ” Residence at the end of the street
north of the Catholic Church.
/ Ba k e r City, Nov. 5, 1872.-u26tf.
R
K E V N " . S n o w , M . 1_).
Physician and Surgeon,
BAKER CITY, OREGON.
| O ffice —A t the City Drug Store.
m e d ic a l e x a m i n e r
**
the New York Life .Insurance Co
mar
Prices reasonable.
short notice.
Repairing done at
n!7tf
STONE MASONS & STONE COTTERS
W
A
N
'
T
E
D
.
HE UNDERSIGNED W IL L P A Y
tlie Best of Wages for 10 or IS Stone
Masons. Work will last about three months.
ROBERTS & NELSON.
Baker City, April 28, 1873.n51tf
T
(ftp m n fl»A A Per day! Agents wanted
tPW 1 U V u U All classes of working peo­
ple, ot eitner sex, young or old, make moie
money at work for us iu their spare moments,
or ill'the time, than at anvtlnng else. Par­
ticulars free. Address, G. Stinson A Co.,
Portland, Maine-
v®n!9y
th e R e d bo ck D e m o c r a t .
COM P U L S A R Y E D U C A T IO N .
BY L . B . WELLS.
In the discussion of qneationa
concerning which there is much
conflict of sentiment and difference
of opinion, an immense quantity of
data must Recollected and chaotic
mass of facts must be grouped to­
gether and reduced to order and sys­
tem, ere we can approximate to an
unbiased conclusion.
There has
been in Ibe United States, and also
in the various nations of the Euro­
pean Continent, much debate in the
question of Compulsory Education;
the rostrum and the pulpit have
flamed with pervered eloquence and
glowing rhetoric and thundered
forth; and the silent, bnt powerful,
influence of tlie pen, has contribut­
ed toward and moulded the popular
opinion in favor of tbe universal ed ­
ucation and reformation of the hu­
man races. We shall attempt no ex­
tended review of past arguments and
facts already advanced by others,—
but we will examine the most impor­
tant bearings of the subject by
means of the light of reason, com­
mencing our investigation by first
considering the
H l|fh t* a n d D u t ie s o f P a r e n t * .
Parents too little appreciate or
comprehend the great responsibili­
ties of parentage; for this reason, in
particular, do so much moral degra­
dation and ignorance prevail and
permeate ull human society. Par­
ents very often consider that they
have the same authority over their
children as they have over their ox­
en or horses; and in accordance with
this view of the matter they frequen­
tly control their offspring. Parents
certainly have no such right accord­
ed them by nature, there is a limita­
tion to their authority beyond which
no wise and judicious parent will go
or even venture to pass. Itis a v e ry
good and truthful saying, that
“ if
you want your boys to remain at
borne don’t bear too bard on tbe
grindstone when they arc turning.”
Now, if parents insist and persist in
“ bearing too hard on the grindstone”
—and refuse their children that
proper culture and education so req­
uisite to successful life, and turn
them adrift in the world with noth­
ing upon which to rely bnt their in­
capacity and inexperience to sustain
and support them, we ask in the
name of reason, justice and humani­
ty, can we not, as freemen, enact
laws that will compel the parents to
provide for, and see to it, that their
children are educated? If not, where
is the boasted intelligence of the 19h
century? What plausible argument*
can be offered against a measure, or
the enactment of a law, that is to
compel parents to perform their du­
ty to their offspring and to humani­
ty? No intelligent individual will
affirm for a moment that parents
have any right to prevent their chil­
dren from enjoying the grand and
glorious privilege of education,while
the rich intellectual gems lie scat­
tered all around our pathway. In ­
deed, can prevent, by the simple ex­
ercise of their rightful authority,
keep their children from gathering
up these gems? Their old fogy ideas
and oft mooted theories must give
place to the thoughts and ideas of
the 19th century. The great era of
universal progress rolls rapidly on
the grand destiny, bearing its pon­
derous load of grand, pulsating and
profound thought and intelligence,
crushing beneath its mighty wheels
all obstacles and opposition. We
must mount the chariot and glide on
with the swelling tide of humanity.
Education our children m u st a n d
w i l l Lave,—and if parents refuse to
perform their natural duty to their
offspring, THET MUST BE COMPELLed
b t l a w so to d o .
It certainly can
be no infringement upon parental
authority to exact tbe strict compli­
ance with, and performance of doty.
There can be no other alternative in
tbe end, and this is the only true
method whereby we can keep pace
with tbe rapid strides of modern
progress and civilization. Parents
mast no longer be allowed to drive
their children as they would horse or
oxen. We counsel nothing but what
humanity dictates and reason and
jastioe fully sustain We want oor
legislators to enact snch laws as will
compel parents simply to do their
duty, and nothing more or less.—
Bat enough has been said on this di­
vision of the subject, consequently
let ns pass to the consideration of
the second, and probably, tbe main
division of the subject under consid­
eration.
L ib e r ty
and
F re e d o m .
Inate in the American heart are
the principles of Liberty and Free­
dom, and whatever has a tendency
to subvert the legitimate ends and
practical application of theso princi­
ples, (liberty and freedom) receives
the unqualified condemnation of tbe
American people. The same may
be also said in an individual sense
personal liberty is guarded with the
same jealous care as national liberty.
The opponents of Compulsory E du­
cation use this as their strongest ar­
gument, but it has no bearing what­
ever in the question, and every at­
tempt to make capital out of it has
only resulted in proving clearly its
misapplication and sophistry. Upon
what principles of right do the civil
authorities deprive the criminal of
his liberty or even bis life? Is that
an infringement npon human liberty?
No sane individual will say tbe civil
authorities have no right to punish
crime. Note clearly the logical ap­
plication of this particular point. If
then, the law has the right tc punish
crime or depriving the offender of
his liberty, or even his life, as the
case may be, cannot the same power
that is exercised in punishing crime
be wielded in tbe prevention and
rooting out of crime? There can be
no logical difference between a law
that punishes crime and that wLich,
by coersave means, prevents the ex­
istence and extension of crime. The
only plausible distinction that can
be made is,that tbe former cuts away
tbe branches while the latter strikes
at the root of the evil. Now which
is the more desirable, the latter,—
most assuredly. It is evident that
in either case there is no infringe­
ment or encroachment upon personal
freedom in the least particular. We
will now proceed to the considera­
tion of
H o w E d u c a t io n p r e v e n t* th e
E x te n ­
sio n a n d E x iste n ce o f C r im e ; a n d w h y
C o m p u ls o r y E d u c a t io n
w o u ld
s t r ik e
th e R o o t o f C r im e .
The education of the yonthfnl
mind moulds the future character
and destiny of any young man, be
that education moral or immoral.—
There are but few, if any, exceptions
to this rule. It is in this proposi­
tion that all the argument and facts
concerning Compulsory Education
are embraced and herein it will
stand or fall in the future discussion
of the qaestion. If universal edu­
cation will not contract the further
extension of crime, then Compulso­
ry Education cannot be of any value
whatever; if, on the contrary, educa­
tion has a tendency to root oat crime
then Compulsory Education is the
only effectual method that can be
adopted, whereby the object can be
obtained. There cannot be the least
shadow of a donbt, or question, that
universal education would root out
crime, pauperism, vagabondage and
beggarism in the human family, now
so widely prevalent.
If parents
would simply do their imperative
duty the necessity of a Compulsory
Law would be dispaired of entirely;
but parents, generally speaking, will
not do their duty, hence the necessi­
ty-
The formation of character has all
to do with success in life. Charac­
ter, in a great measure, depends up­
on the education which the individ­
ual receives in the early period of
life. If, however, no education is
received at all, character will form
and shape itself according to outside
influences, consequently, 9 cases out
of every 10 form dissolute and reck­
less characters as the ontside influ­
ences are nearly in every instance,—
conducive of the last named result.
This cannot be successfully confut­
ed by any known logic or reason,—
based, as it is, wholly on the princi­
ple that universal education has a
strong tendency to prevent crime.—
Indeed, this argument of itself is
very strong, if none other could be
advanced, to confute successfully
all the argument« offered against
NO. 14.
Compulsory Education. Our prisons
asylums, <kc., are crowded to suffo­
cation iu all our great metropolitan
cities, and pauperism and human
degradation extends over the whole
commonwealth of America.
Our highways and public thor­
oughfares are thronged with an im­
mense army of thievish vagabonds,
pickpockets aod beggars—tbe prime
result of ignorance and no education
—who prey npon the innocent and
inexperienced traveler. There is no
personal security in any of our great
commercial emporiums, and even
life is constantly in danger. This
army has been constantly augment­
ing, and will continue so to do, so
long ss the banner of ignorauce flut­
ters in the breeze, and that of en­
lightenment is trampled in the dust
by the cohorts of vice and legions
of ignorance. Where is our boasted
intelligence, our progress, and our
Christian civilization? Our muni­
cipalities, our legislatures, and even
our Congress, tainted and blackened
by the hand of corruption; aud pub­
lic purity is now scarcely known, or
even understood by aspirants for
emoluments. How long will it be,
if this state of affairs continue, until
we, as a nation, will be transformed
into a nation of thieves? Indeed, not
long—let the present degeneracy
continue 30 years hence, and the Un­
ited States, which has been honored
as the most powerful and enlighten­
ed nation of the modern period, will
sink so low that noi a bubble will
rise to the surface to mark the place
of its descent; the great and grand
pillar of American freedom will
crnmble and mingle with the dust;
and the social elements, which con*
stitutes, in a great measure, Ameri­
can happiness, will be of the things
of the past. We are no sensational
alarmist—but merely speak from
the light of reason and from the
principle of cause and effect. How
can this national result be radiated,
and what means can be adopted that
will be effectual in tbe matter? If we
accord in the fact that education is a
potent remedy of crime (and it cer-
tainly is) we must conclude, in the
light of reason and logic, that Com-
pulsory Education is the effectual
preventative of crime, hence admit­
ting tho great utility and necessity
of its speedy adoption in America.—
There are many other questions un­
der this division which would nat-
urally come np for investigation but
we now pass to the consideration of
.
H ATES O F A D V F H T ISIV »H
^
One square or less, one insertion,.......
Each additional insertion,............... • • v J
One sqnare three months,.............: . . . i u w
Busine*» Advertisement* by the month—
Quarter column....................... ? * * ' * • } , * An
Half colu m n ,...........................• • • ••', * 7?
One column,.................................
*# 00
Ten per cent, additional on advertisements
to which a special position is guaranteed.
(X7"The space of one Inch, up and down
the column, constitutes a square.
X. B.—All debts due this office are payable
in Coin, unless otherwise expressly agreed.
Sedan, by King William, some of the
officers were unable to sign their
names to articles of capitnlation .ow­
ing to the fact that they conld not
pen their names. And is it aston­
ishing when we reflect npon the ra­
pidity with which the Prussians
consummated their victories over the
French? not in tbe least. The supe­
riority of the education of the Prus­
sians was manifested in every point
where the intelligence of one was
contested against another.
Wo
think that we now have sufficiently
answered this last objection, namely
—that the “ Stato has no right to in­
terfere with family relations,” and
hence leaving this division o f the
subject we will examine tho
U n iv e r s a l A c c e p ta n c e
o f th e
S y ste m .
as the opinions of great men aud
influential journals on questions o f
public interest are consulted we may
hero with profitgive utterances made
by such accepted authority.
The following is the opinion of
Henry Ward Beoclier:
Mr. Beecher goes to the very root
of the matter when he says:
“ The groat argument of compulso­
ry education is the educating volun­
tarily of a majority of tho State’s
children; but the peoplo say:
'I f
tho schools aro good, may you not
safely leave these children to paren­
tal affection?’ No, no. There is a
vast number of uneducated foreign­
ers and they don’t understand the
necessity and advantages of educa­
tion until after they have been here
a short time, and then they catch the
spirit of the thing at once.
“ There are a great many bad char­
acters and criminals, peoplo that
have no care for the education of
their children, for tho State can do
much for herself in the care of them.
There aro a great many more of yonr
careless parents, who do not appre­
ciate the necessity of education, and
look more to themselves than to the
intelligence of tKo child. When this
is the case the State lfivs a right to
step in and take care of the children.
“ If the parent sacrifices the child’
intelligence, then the State is invest-
ed with a parent’s right, for though
! all parents havo tho liberty of doing
j right, no parent has the right to do
wrong; and in this respect the great
parent, the State, will not let pass
unheard the inarticulato cry of the
army of ltttle children thataro grow­
ing up aronnd ns; the State has no
right to pamper tho feelings of sol-
fishness in this question of educat­
YI h a t R i g h t h a * th e N ta te to In te r fe r e ing tho minds of the young or to
in F a m i l y M a t t e r * !
stint the privileges of a full man­
We hold that Compulsory Educa­ hood.”
We aro glad to reo that Mr. Begch-
tion in any sense has but little if
er
is not afraid to advance his opin­
anything to do with family relations.
The State has the right to coerce its ion so boldly and comprehensively
citizens into quiet and law abiding in a matter of so great importance to
citizens; and it certainly has the the American people. He thinka
right to educate them in a manner rapidly, decisively and boldly, and
that will enable them to be useful hesitates not in expressing his views.
members of society, and if parents The others who coincide with him,
refuse to give their children an edu­ and whose utterances are equally
cation it is no unjust interference in decisive, but too numerous to men­
family relations for the State to com ­ tion.
The Pennsylvania School Journal
pel all such parents to do their duty.
Furthermore, the government has argues this:
“ To us it seems very inconsistent
the right to adopt snch means and
to
maintain that a State may force a
end as will be condncive to the grea­
test good and welfare of the nation. good citizen from his family, and
Education promotes industry and march him into the jaws of death, in
economy among the people, and the defenoe of liberty, and yet may
hence increase the wealth and pros­ □ot lead a child to school for tho
perity. Writers on political econo­ sake of serving the purpose of good
my have arrived at the jast conclus- government. This talk about tyran-
ion that^the most speedy and sure ny and Prussia, and nations ruled
way to enlarge national prosperity is by kings, emperors and monarchs
law is
by educating the people. The as­ when a compulsory school
mentioned,
as
though
it
were
incon­
sumption and cry that Compulsory
Education is a despotic measure, an sistent with Republican liberty,—
are borrowed from a despotic nation, seems more the language of preju­
■macks too much of old fogjism . If dice than reason. Every good citi­
indeed, it is a measure which had its zen relinquishes a portion of his
origin in a foreign nation, governed property and freedom for the public
by kings, this does not detract from good, and may not parents be requir­
its utility in the least, on tbe contra­ ed to place their children, for a lim­
ry tho country wherein an educa­ ited period, under the control of a
tional measure originates has noth­ teacher for the same great object.”
This journal is not alone in thia
ing whatever to do with the final
success of such measure. We do matter, bnt other jonrnala have giv­
not say Compulsory Education had en tbeir opinions strongly in favor
its origin in Prussia, but we do say of Compulsory Education.
Here are some of the arguments
that that nation owes all its power
and influence to the measure. It has that may with profit be advanced in
hero been tested and its great utility favor of Compulsory Education, this
fully demonstrated. Frauca today this has not been our exhaustive
is in a stateof anarchy and confusion treaties on tho subject, bat merely a
in consequence of the widely extend­ condensed run of the leading points,
ing ignorance of the common people. Now the merits of the qaestion are
To tore illustrate. at the capture o f fairly plaoed before you for yoor de-
I
l
'