STATE RIGHTS DEMOCRAT
ISSUED EVERY FRIDAY
t
BY
XtZJ&T. "V BROWN
Cwraer trwteiUa a Ee.
TERM OF SUBSCRIPTION:
RATES OP ADVERTISING.
iw nr!jj
1 inch i oo a oo 6 oo
2 In. 2 00 6 0 7 00
3 In. 8 00 6 00 ( 10 00
4 In. 4 00 7 00 12 60
Col 0 00 9 00 15 0
Ool 7 60 12 00 IS 00
X Vol 10 00 15 00 2n 00
ICol 15 00Z0 00 40 00
6T It
I 8 00 1 00
I 12 00 18 OS
! 16 00 21 09
18 0 27 CO
28 00 5 00
80 00 48 00
40 00 00 00
m oo loo oo
7
v
. 3 00
t 00
100
10
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
MRS. S. NICHOLS, M. D
Iloinepathic Physician,
Office and residence at N.v 14 First t mil, up-tulra,
i.ixMH WWW VH.B UiWK,
DR. ANGIE L. FORD.
"".FFICE AND RESIDENCE, SECOND
V aoor west of the Court House, Albany,
Oregon. .
especial attention given to the diseases of
women and children. IStf
W. G. PIPEH,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW.
ALn.tST, OBECOK.
Will practice In all the Courts of the
State. Prompt attention given to collec
tions ana conveyancing.
"OIneo on second floor of Briggs's
uuuaing, 1st aoor to tna leiu 7-tr.
T. P. IIACKLEMAIY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ALBAXY, KC;Jf
iOfflce in the Court Hoiuhj.-,
Tl3n50 .
F. M. MILLER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
LEBAMUX OREGON.
Will practice In all the oourU of the State.
i ruiupt auentioo siwn to oollecUoni. eon'
vejraaooe axd cutmiuukia of Title. Probate
ouameaa a speciality. Tl2n3uu,
J. A. A.TIS,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW
C0RVA1AX3, ORESON.
AUl practice In all the Courta of the State
afOfflce la the Court House "SJ
vltm&vL
J. W. BALDWIN,
ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR AT LAW,
Win iTMtlce In all the Court In the 3d, M
and lib Judicial Duortcta; In the Supreme
Court ui Oregon, anil In the United Stales IMa
riel and Circuit Cwirt, Offloe up-stalra In front
wwi in Parriah e brick block, lint at-. Albany,
umcon. vsnlsyt.
D. M. Conley,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
AUtjLXT. EX..
OFFICE, 57 WEST FRONT STREET.
Special attention given to collect ions.
13nl9tf
S. A. JOHIYS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ALBANY. 0KK00H.
7-OtBce In the Coart House."
J. W. KAY BURN.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
COBTAUIS, OREGON.
Special attentlsa to eoIlectirn of aeenants.
SJ-Office one door South nf fishers Brick.
TlimSuvl.
CIIAtf. E. HOLVERTO.1,
AHQUKET AND COHSSELOSiTUW
AIDANT, OREOOIT.
to tmntnl brick, tip stairs.
D. R. N. BLACKBURN,
ITTORSEY AXD COUNSELOR AT LAW
Brewasville, Ortrn.
r Collections a specialty. ap21.
J. K WEATHEEF0ED,
(NOTAHY PUBLIC,)
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
A LB AX T, OKECei.
WILL PRACTICE IS ALL THE COURTS OF THE
Mat. Special stteotioa gives to eoUections and
probata aaattar.
AVOfflce la Brigs' Building. D
R. ARNOLD, M. D.,
Bomeopatbic Physician.
ALBAXY, OKEGOX.
OFFICE HOURS FROM 10 TO 12 AND
from 2 to 4, Cbonio Disease and Hur
jrery a Specialty. nlOtf.
H. J. E0UGHT0N, M. D
ALBA3TT. - ... . AKECOX.
THE DOCTOR 18 A GRADUATE OF THE UNI
VERSITY Medio! Col log of New York, and W a
late member at BeUerae Uaapital Medical College of
New York.
A": Office in Dr. Hanton'f Drue Store. TlSnU
G.W.WILCOX,
Bomeopathie Plijulcian,
ALBANY, OREGON.
"OfHee over Tweedale's Grocery Store.
vl3n8tf
Dr. T. L. GOLDEN.
OCCULIST AND AURIST
' SALEM, OBEGOX.
rR. U OLDEN HAS HAD EXPERIEN CB IN
U treating the various diseases to which the
eye and ear are subject, and feels confident of
giving entire satisfaction to tlHjse who may
place themselves unucr nis care. nosu,
D. B. Rice, M. D.,
Physician and Surgeon.
i FFICE at Dt Plummer'a Droit Store.
J Residence on the street leading to the
depot, at the crossing or the canal.
13:29tf
0. 0. Kelly, M. D.,
Physician and Surgeon
OFFICE AND RESIDENCE ON 17YOI
Street, No. 353, near the depot.
AKBANY. OREGON.
a Office hours, day and night. 8-m3
J.A.DAVIS,M.D.
PHYSICIAN, SUEGEON & OBSTBICIAH
Albany Oregon.
Oradaate of the Medical Department of the Univer
sity of Louisiana. Office and reUleaee on Fin St.,
opposite Foster's new briuk block, over Redfteld'
BUre. n9tf
W. P. Smith, M. D.
Physician and Surgeon.
' Albany, Oregon.
OFFICE IN FROMAN'3 BLOCK
Residence on Vhird street, nearly op-
ositethe M. i. cuoron, tsoutn. putt-
Mnrle oopjr, per eear. ....
Siuirle copy, mx muuUu
B Inicts euy. three nontha
Single number
VOL. XIV.
DR. H. R0ZSAS.
Physician and Surgeon,
Albaay Oregon.
a RADUATF.D IN ALI.OPATIIY TN
X In Germany, and in homeopathy
in 168. in Austria. Consultations in
either Enarlish. French. Italian or Usrtnan
-Ortioe with Dr. Urltllin, over Rod-
field's grocery store, where diplomas can
be seen. vUnSOtf
DOCTOR N. HENT0N,
Physician and Surgeon.
J Taring permanently located In the ofty
JL of Albany, and entered uion tl
irty-flrstyear of his practice, respectfuliy
tender his professional kerviocxi to Ute
oitiaena of AUiany and surrounding ooun
try. AsT-Offloe at Koshsr A Mason's Drnz
Store. Keeldeooe on Jbiret Street. vXOutO
W. II. BOYD,;.tl. D.,
Physician and Surgeon
BesMeace, St. Charles Hotel. OBHre, fer Ike
yreaeat, at Veakay A Maaea's Bras Mere.
ALBANY, OREOON.
D. R. N. BLACKBURN.
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW
Albany, Oregon.
Office with J. K. Weatherford.
0e4!elaaa a Specialty.
c. rowsxx, W. R. lilLYKU.
POWELL & BILYEU,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
And Solicitors in Chancery,
ALBANY. ... OREGON.
Collections DromDtlv made on all nolnla.
Loans negotiated on reasonable terms.
S-Offic in Foster's Brick.-Va
vl-UilSkf.
L. H. MONTANYE.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
AND
Notary Public.
Albany, Oregon.
Oftloe upstairs, over John Urlum storn.
1st street. vHnSlf
Dp. B. . GRAY.
DENTIST
Alhany, Oregon
lis. ranoTed his office Into Fueter'. brick Mock (op
Uin) tret doer to the n?ht. where he will ae taapp.
to sin all ha eld frleada aad patrons, and a au
rw ooee mm may was lo arau UMeOMi.ee of nie pro
rional aerricea.
Kunember the lerte bar window in Farter's brick
block. Is where Dr. iira's sew Denial Bourns are
JUNIUS F. WHITING,
COTJSEJkSIGlT
PAINTING.
KALSOMINING, PAPERHANSING, GRAIIING, ETC
the RELATIVE HI CHER BRANCHES
DESIG.1.G A SPECIALTY.
Corner Second and Ellsworth Streets,
ALBANY. SIUSX.
General Jobbing!
W1
rM. X.
MILLER HAS UL'GHT OUT THE
Jubbine; bneinwei, hack, horeea. ect,
L. Dnzirerand is nowprepared toaoany
beionifiat; to T. 3
e with diauatch. Leave orders
at Blain's Clothing Mure. t!lU
REVERE HOUSE,
former Ftnt sad EUswerta Alemny, Oregew.
Pfeiffer Bro's Props-
This sewHolellsflUednn In fintdeee etrle. Tablet
applied with the beet the market aOurda, spring
Heus Is every Boom. A vud aampie Noum lor Com
mercial Trariiliri.
UTin Ceaca (e aael frea
the Hetel.-KA
PATENTS.
F. A. Lehneinn. Selleitor of American and For.iim
Paten ta. Waahlnrtoa, V. C. All bueineaa euniw.ted
with ratenu, whether before the Patent OfBoe or the
Court, promptly stteaded to. No enanr s made
bend tor circular. 114:13
GEO. RICHARDS.
WIG-Off JLHD CmUGS MAKER,
Ellsworth, bet. Flntand second.
Preuued to do all kind, of renalrimr- in hi line
FUtlne; wiaeeie made a epedafcy. vlBn36 l
ST CHARLES HOTEL;
'I
AXSANY, OBEOON.
J. E. BEE REX, Proprietor.
State OSS re for CsrvalUs, Lebaaea and
Dallas.
Free Ceaoh to and from the Honae.
' '"nlfttf
MARX BAUMGART
HAS JUST OPXKEO OUT A '
IVew Liquor Store
KEZPS OOMsTAITTXT Olt HAMD
THE FINEST BRANDS OPWINES,
LIQUORS, TOBACCO & CIGARS.
Tho Celebrated Mi. Lonls
STONEWALL WHISKEY,
The finest whiskey the State. , .
Whiskies, French Brandies, Sherry,
Port, Claret, and all other kinds
of wines, Gin Ale, Beerf J
and Porter.
Bitters of every kind, and the best
brands of tobacco aad Cigars.'
0T want everybody to understand tL,
have opened out a Srat-olass new llq-
new liu-
nor
atore. where city and country di
eai-
era can procure their stocfts at foruand
prices, with only freiaht added. ;
' Rooms on the corner of Front and Ferry
Streets, Albany, Oregon. ' 2Stf.
1861-1873.
A Brief Heaaate sf Oar Husnelnl Lrglula
Ilea for Seyratrea Years,
On Deo. 28, 1861. tho banks of
New York, whose example was
promptly followed by all the other
banks in the country except theso in
California, susiiemletl specio mymenta.
Practically the Government had al
ready suspended.. On Jan. 1, 1879,
the Government and tie banks resumed
specie paymeuta. At this ' moment,
above all others, does tho financial
history of the Unitod States fur seven
teen years pottsoHoo uculiar interest,
the more so because the history of tho
finances of this country '(hiring and
after the war Is "hot so familiar as it
might bo. , .
' At the beginning of the late war the
Government obtained funds through
the associated banks of New York,
Boston and Philadelphia. The banks
of these cities agreed to lend the Gov
ernment three sums of $S0,W00,000 a
total of $130,000,1)00 of which sum
New York undertook to advance $105,
000,000. The banks advanced $5,000,
000 every six days. Thfy were to re
ceive therefore 7.30 notes, which they
were to sell to the people, and thus ob
tain money to advance to the Govern
ment. Owing to the delays in the
preparation of these notes the banks
for months received only non-negotiable
certificates of indebtedness.
. Although tho Government was scat
tering this money all the .way from the
Merrimao to the Rio Gntnde, and only
the banks in three Eastern cities were
in the association helping tSe Govern
ment, yet the internal-trade movement
was so intense that the coin advanced
by the banks came back to them in the
ordinary couise of trade in about a
week. -After the associated banks had
taken the third ' loan of $30,000,000,
and the banks of New York city alone
bad advanced to the Government ft0,-
000,000, the latter banks found that
their aAt-gate siiecie it-serve had Wen
reduced between August and Deo. 7
only from $-19,000,000 to 2,OO0,0(X).
In spite of the delay in printing the
7.30 notes the tieople had already sub
scribed to the banks for, t.r0,000,000 of
the notes.
About this time, the Government
commenecd isttuing the old demaud
notes. These notes asscd readily into
circulation and were otTered at the
banks on deposit and in subscriptions
fur 7.30 notes. The banks were ad
vancing gold coin to the government,
and they were compelled to take their
choice between receiving government
notes and rejecting them. To do the
former was to render it imiiossiMe for
them to continue advancing coin to the
government. They could not receive
pajier and pay out coin fur any length
of time. To do the latter was to dis
credit the government' to which nearly
all their means' had been given, and
whose securities they were trying to
sell. The latter course was out of the
question, and tho old demand botes
were received by the banks. As a re
sult the specie reserve of the New York
banks was reduced between Dec. 7 and
Dec. 28 about $13,000,000, nearly
double the loss in tho proceeding four
months. It was only a ouetion of a
few days when the banks would find
themselves withoat any gold at all, and
they concluded to save what was left.
On Dec. 28 they suspended specie
payments. About this period the ori
ginal Legal-Tender act was int rod need
in Congress by Ilepresentive ' K. C.
Saulding, of Buffalo, and became a
law Feb. 25, 1862. It authorized the
Issue oft 150,000,000 "in notes- whtcb
were to be legal-tender for all puriosc
except the payment' of duties on im
Krts, and interest on the public debt.
ies notes were fundable at par in C
per cent, twenty-year gold , bonds. . In
less than month after the passage of
the Legal-Tender act the demand notes
of Jaly, 18(il, , and. February, 1862,
amounting to $60,000,000, were de
clarded legahtender. Oolj five months
passed and a second issue of $150,000,
000 in legal tenders was made, Jnly,
1862. In March, 1863, a third issue
of $150,000,000 .was authorized, but
only a part of the notes -were issued.
The act making the demand, notes
legal tender provided they should be
deducted, at least to tie 'amount of
$50,000,000, . from the . legal ; tenders
whose issue ' had been authorized; ' so
that by' this' act the amount of legal
tenders was very slightly augmented.
Of the third issue of legal tenders two
thirds were in lieu of $100,000,000, of
notes authorized by the resolution of
Jan. 17, 1863, so that the issue of
currency by'the'act "orMarcn, " 1863,
was only $50,000,000. The gold premi
um fell somewhat nfu-r the act of
March, 1863,., w passed, but the
greater" part of "the increase of the cur
rency authorized by that act had al
ready taken place, and the gold premi
um, which was 45.1 in Jan. rose to CO. 5
per eent. in February. ' , ', , ' ,u ,'
The disbandment of the armies ren
dered vast immediate disbursements by
the government necessary, and .Hugh
McCullecb, Secretary of the Treasury,
issued more than $500,000,000 of three
years 7.30 notes for this purpose. The
soldiers were paid in part with the notes
themselves. ,-;.:.
The amount of the 7.30, three years
L i i J ' . ? ' n.i 4.iAVin .'
notes ouustauuing was in too,
356,150; in 1865,$G72,578,850: in 1866
$806,900,650; in 1867, $488,647,140;
in 1868; $37,717,550. Since that year
the amount has been trivial.
' The average gold premium for Jan,
1862, was 2.5 per cent. and. for Feb;
3.5 per cent. , The passage pf the Le
gal-lender act was followed by a 1 fall
oi the premium,, to, l.o pet cent. , in
March, and 1.5 in April. The Legal-
Tender act promised the people a cur
reucy which would be of uniform val
ue in all the parts of the country, while
the $202,205,000of State-bank 'notes
current in.' 1861 ' .ranged '.all. the ( wjr
trom par . to a heavy. discount. ,
! In May, 1862,, the gold premium
was 3.3 percent., and from 'that time
it began a long ascent. In Jtine : the
ALBANY, OREGON, FRIDAY, FEBlF Alt Y 21,
premium was C.5 per cent. In J uly
the second issuo of greenbacks was
made, and the premium went up to
15.5 per cent. It foil ono -r cent, in
August, but with that exception its
ascent was rapid and uninterrupted till
February, 1863, when it was C0.5 per
cent. It then declined steadily till in
August, 1863, it wits 25.8 per cent.
The premium then rone rapidly and
without interruption till it reached its
highest point in July, 1861. It aver
aged for this month 158.1 per cent,
and its highest jioint was 185, at which
time the greenbacks were worth about
35 cents on the dullur, and lond bear
ing gold interest stood, averaged fur the
month, at only 42 in gold, but a triilo
higher than the nen-interest-bearing
notes. They were not salable in Eu
roie at any limine, though Turkish,
Simuihh . and South American bunds
were quoted in lxmiburd stroct and on
the Paris Bourne.
The gold premium full to 107.2 ur
cent, m October but ruse to 133.5 per
cent, in Novemlier, and then fell con
tinuously to 35.6- jier cent, in May,
1 "65, when the war was over. Iho
gold premium advanced from May,
1865, to Dec. of that year, when it
stood at 46.2 pi i- cent. It fell to 31.8
er cent, in May, 1866, and then rose
to 51.6 per cent, two month later.
hen it fell again to 31.6 iK-r cent, in
January, 1867. In September and
October it stood above 42 er cent., Im
ended the year at almost the same ligter,
at whirh it begun it.
What is known as the "Nino hun
dred million-loan act" became a lusr
March 3, 163. It authorized a third
issue of $150,000,000, two thirds of
which had already been issued under
resolution. It authorized the issue of
$400,000,000 treasury notes. These
notes were not to lie of any denomina
tion less than $10, were payable at the
option of tho government at any time
within three years bore intercut not Im
exceed 6 jier cent.(they were ijisued at
5 iiercent.), and were legal tender for
their face value, excluding interest.
At the close of the fiscal year of 1863-1
there were outstanding of these notes
$153,471,450. A year later th.no
were only $42,338,710 out, and the
amount has since been trivial.
The act also authorised the issue of
fractional currency to su amount not
exceeding $50,000,000, and tho nego
tiation of 10-44 bonds at an interest
not to exceed 6 crcent., mot of which
was in lieu of securities already issued.
The act increased the bonded tl.-bt only
$75,000,000. Further sales of bunds
under this set were stoiiied by an act
ptmned a year later.
In this first reiiort to (onrress after
the close of the war (1865), Hugh Mc
C'ulloch, Secretary of the Treasury,
recommended a policy of contraction to
faciliate the preparation for resumption.
Congress authorized htm to withdraw
$10,000,000 within sir months, and to
continue contraction thereafter at tho
rate of nut more than 1,000,000 a
mouth. The greenbacks had been re
duced in amount $14,000,000, there
was something tike a stringency in the
money market, and on Tcb. 4, 1KCS,
the contraction f the currency was
stoped by act of Congress.
Iu the spring of lG9 Congress
paused the well-known "act to strength
en the public credit," which becaino a
law on the 18th of March of that year.
It reads as follows :
"That in order to remove any doubt
as to the pui-ose of the government to
discharge all just obligations to the
public creditors, and to settle conflict
ing questions aud interpretations of the
lass by virtue of which such obliga
tion have been contracted, it is hereby
provided and declared that the faith of
the United States is solemnly pledged
to the payment in coin or its equiv
alent, of all the obligations of tho
United States not liearing interest.
known as the United States notes, and
of the interest-bearing -obligations of
the United cstates.except in cases where
the law authorizing the issue of such
obligations has expressely provided
that the same may be paid in lawful
money, or in other currency than gold
and silver. But none of said interest
beariug obligations, not already due,
shall be redeemed or paid before ma
turity, unless at such time United
States notes shall be convertible into
coin, at the option of the holder, or un
less at such time bonds of the United
Staes bearing a Iewer rate of interest
than the bonds to be rsdeemed can be
sold at par in coin. And the United
States solemnly pledge its faith to make
provisions at the earliest possible period
for the redemption of the United States
notes in coin."
The panic of September, 1873,found
the volume of legal tenders $356,000,
000. President Grant and Secretary
Richardson reissued $18,000,000 of the
greenbacks that had been withdrawn.
In the following session Congress le
galized this action, making the volume
$382,000,000. ....
In the spring oi 1874 a measure to
increase the currency to the amount of
$400,000,000 was passed by Congress,
but was vetoed by President Grant. A
bill fixing $382,000,000 as the maxi
mum was then , passed, received the
signature of tho President and ljecame
a law.
In 1869 the Supreme Court of the
United States, in the case of Hepburn
s. Griswold, decided that tho Legal
Tender act was unconstitutional. The
opinion of tho Couit was given by
Chief Justices Chase, who, as Secretary
of the' Treasury, -had regarded the
Legal-Tender act - as ' essential to the
salvation of the government. . The de
cision, was entered on the minutes Feb,
7fi1870, a few days after the resigna
tion of Justice Crier had takon effect.
The majority of the. Court consisted of
Chief Justice Chase, and Associate
Justice Nelson, Clifford and Field. The
dissenting Justices were associate
Justices S way ne,' Miller and Davis,
On the 10 tit of .April of the- previous
year (1869) Congress had passed an act
making the Supreme Court consist of
one Chief and eight Associate Justices,
This act was to go into effect Dec. 1,
i- -
1 869. The two additional Justices an
Kinted to till the court to the number
proscribed by the new law weie Justice
Ktrong, apiointed Feb. 18, 1870, and
Bradley, appointed March 21, 1870.
Subsequently in the cases of Knox vs.
Lee and Parker vs. Davis were argued
before tho full court, and in the decis
ion of theso Legal-Tender act was held
to be valid by Associate J usticesSwayne
Miller, Davis, Strong and Bradley, tho
dissentients being tho Chief Justice,
who read a dissenting opinion, and As
sociate Justices Nelson Clifford and
Field. ,
In the spring of 1874 Senator John
Sheruiun introduced "a bill to facili
tate the resumption of tho specie pay
ments," but failed to get it through.
On the 21st of Dee, of the same yesr
he reported from the Committee on
Finance, of which he was Chairman, "a
bill to provide for the resumption of
ecie payments." The bill was placed
ufion its passage almost immcdiately.the
voto standing 32 yeas and 14 nays. It
was reported to tho House on the 23d
of Dec., and, immediately after the hol
iday recess, Was taken up, passed by
a vote of 1 30 to 9, and became a law
on the 14 th Jan., 1875.
By a singular coincidence, the author
of tho resumption act became the Sec
retary of the Treasury, whoso duty it
was to tarry the act into ellect.
A SAMBO ti.t-.Kt; in AS.
llev.Mr. Davis, says tho Keno G't
irtle, liss recently become the ator of
the Methodist KepicHtl Church at
Carson. One evening shortly after his
arrival a social was given at the church
fur the purjiosa of giving the members
an opportunity 0f becoming acquainted
with the new pastor. Two of the old
est and most respectable pillars of the
sanctuary entered the aitor's study
a cozy little room, whore a Ate wa
brightly burning- and found a dozen
gentlemen lounging art. u id in easy at
titude mid smoking. -Vs Mr. Davit 1
was known to be a Western luuit ami
liberal, tint cigars didn't shock the
brethren much. They were introduce.!,
asd rather stared at Mr. Davis, n very
ucclericnl looking genth-man, with a
drooping black moustache and a some
what rakish air.
"I'm glad you've come among us,
Brother Davis," said one of the old
gentlemen, )oliU.-ly.
"Thankee," replied hU reverence,
affably. "It is a pretty good hitoiit, X
reckon."
Tho old man giuiel, but managed to
say that ho hos-d the church would
proMM-r under his ministrations,
"Well," responded lli.i cl irgyiu.tn,
with cheerful conlideiice, "I'll give tlm
boys a rattle, and do what 1 can Ut
drive r few goMd stakes. Is it a piet
ty good crowd lor bunim-a X"
Both the bonified luellneu stared
MN-echlessIy at the 'pastor. S-eing that
they failed to comprehend, the lover-t-nd
gentleman kindly explained :
"Oh, you dou't tumble to the racket!
What 1 mean is, will you church fel
lows stand in when I pec! and go for
the sinners X'
Finally, murmuring something about
being always willing to assist in the
Iord s work, the brethren were stag
gering out when the new pastor stopped
them with :
"Isn't this rather a dusty style of
treating a fellow t Can't you trot out
suthin' to wet one's whistle V
They fled after one scared look at
one another, and were rushing from
the church, when another brother
hailed them ard said he wanted to in
troduce them to the new jxuitor.
"We've soon him," groaned one.
"Where 1"
"In the study in a cloud of tobacco
smoke."
"ImtHMwible. He's in the vestry,
and a very nice old gentleman he is."
"And who is the other Mr. Davis
the young man in the study V asked
the relieved brethren when they had
shaken hands with the wholly accepta
ble andjentirely respectable Sir. Davis.
The good old gentleman cbuckled
and replied :
"My .son, Sam, doubtless, bam, of
Virginia Chronicle."
It was indeed he he with the plate
of strawberry mark on his stomach.
TUB IS WHAT Wl MAH.B IT. ,
Tho grange Is exactly w;,at we
make It. What the grange shall be
whether a benefit to every rnein
ber, and the power of good la the
land, or a poor, struggling, dying or.
ganlzatlon, scorned and despised by
all other classes, depend entirely
upon the members of subordinate
granges. They can all make the
meetings interesting, they-can mako
them profitable they can tho grange
a success if they will. And lr the
members of the subordinate granges
do not do this, no one can. The Na
tional Qrangos can not-do it; the
State Grange can not do It; tho coun
ty deputies can not do It; the work
Is in the hands of the members of
the subordinate grnnges and no one
else can do the work for them. ' And
if they witf not do it, (for they can,
and If it is not done It! will be be
cause they will not) they will have
to sink back into the condition far
mers occupied before the grange
came to them, agriculture will have
to take a back seat, and all that has
been gamed will be lost,' the farmer
will have once more to become the
the hewer of wood and drawer of
water for the nation, and the verdict
that will be passed upon them wilt
be, "They Judged themselves un
worthy of anything better or high
er." And who shall question the
rightouasnesa of the verdict?
Brothers or the plow, the power
lies with you; will you use it? or will
will you spend your ' time in com
plaining that somebody else has not
dene that what they ought to do.
E. S. T. in Live Patron. -
Air indian named George Washing
ton, who crossed from Eastern Wash
ington to Seattle on snow shoes, reports
seven feet of snow on the Cascades.
" '
1871).
(from our regular eomwpoadnut)
WAHIIINin-ON I.KTTKU.
Washinotok, D. C Feb. 10, 1879.
Considerable flutter is occasioned by
the direction the cipher dispatch inves
tigation lias taken, and that which 1ms
come out is only just enough to show
what magnificent rascality would have
been developed had not the Ilepnblican
dispatches been stolen and destroyed
Morton, Chandler and the other astute
and unscrupulous manipulators were
certainly lucky in having for President
of tho telegraph company a man who
sympathized with them politicaTly, and
who was not too good to assist them in
destroying the evidence of what they
had done. And so, as it Is,' we have
only the proof that Rftpuhlicun cipher's
were more numerous than those charg
ed to tho Democrats; that they were so
bad as to justify a theft which was com
mitted by ono Bullock, then in Mor
ton's employ, and third assistant Post
master General Brady, also a protege of
the Indiana Senator. The door of the
committee room were locked, and only
such choice spirits as Win. K. Chan
dler and ex Congrrs-inan Evans were
admitted. There the dispatches were
assorted, and all that could damage the
Ilepubltcans burned, while certain Dem
ocrat ie messages were secretly kept by
Brady, and finally sent anonymously to
the New York Tribune. It is asserted
that the burned correspondence would
have shown that five hundred thousand
dollars were raised in New York and
sent to Florida and loiiiiana to keep
the courage of the returning boards up
to their villainous work. But the
most damaging thing the investigation
has brought out is the tel.-grbphie cor
repondeiice letwceii Za. h Chandler,
Secretary of the Interior, and . N
Tyner, then Postmaster General, rela
tive to the sale of two oluces under
Chandler for $5,000. It is proven by
these witnesses that telegtama perfect
ing such a transaction were passed, and
that the disjiatches were .returned to
Mr. Tyner at hit earnext solicitation,
when the talk of investigation first be
gan. This brings down two cabinet
officers badly wounded. Aud yet Sen
ator Christiitncy has resigned his Sen
aturship to take an insigniticant Foreign
Mission, in order to luuke room for
Zach Chandler in the Senate. The
same element in the Bepublican )arty
but sent Ogteshv to the rear to make
room fur Jack of Clubs, Logan, desites
to banish a decent man from Michigan
that his place mav lie filled bv one
hone name is a synonym for corrup
tion, whose life is so redolent ot ail that
is vile in American olitic. -
But that element in the party seems
to have got on top again all round. The
Senatorial elections that have so recent
ly occurred, put some well known stock
in that body after March 4th, but with
a single exception, they do not add an
ounce of brains or reflect any credit.
The exception is in favor of Wisconsin,
here the exchange of Carpenter for
Howe is certainly an improvement.
Tho latter has been in the Senate
eighteen years and leaves it on the 4th
of March, 63 years of age without a
dollar in the wot Id. His defeat is
claimed as an administration triumph,
his severe aieech of last winter having
arrayed him on the side of the stalwarts.
Carpenter is a good deal of a tavorite
in Washington. He has no superior in
either House as a lawyer and an orator,
is witty, logical and brilliant. Yet
with all that he is indolent and a man
of too many personal indulgences.
The election of Logan over Oglesby
in Illinois is not such a great change,
though it is for the worse. They are
much the same tviie, and much the
same in lung power, which in both
cases is better fitted for frightening buf
faloes on the prairies than for disiias-
sionatc arguments on the floor of the
Senate. The greatest difference be
tween them is that " one is believed to
be honest, while the other represents
coarse ignorance, cupidity, and the
whisky ring element. One man in the
Senate will sadly regret the change,and
that is Senator Booth, of California,
who is the running mate of Oglesby.
They drink their whisky straight to
gether, walk together, attend theatre,
and for ' all I know leeu ' together.
Strange fancies and friendships spring
up among senators as in other walks in
life. Careless lookers-on, or readers of
the records of Congress,' generally sup
pose that a deadly animosity exists be
tween the senators. i5ut tins is a mis
take. The Senate is a happy family.
There are but two in the bod who are
at outs Conklmir and Blame. ' All
the other Id gentlemen are as friendly
and familiar as men can' be' anywhere.
Thurman and Edmunds, for instance,
are the best of friends. ;: When the pro
ceedings get rather tedious, Senator
Thurman will take but his' ' huge red
bandana, opens it wide! then seizing in
the center wfth his right 'hand he ap
plies it to his Senatorial ' nose, ' and
gives a trumpet' blast that resounds to
. . - t. v i mi
the utmost corners oi cnamoer. Alien
he walks slowly out at the door on his
left, i At this Senator Edmunds! awak
ens, and slowly saunters out at the
door on his right. , The two meet in
the committee room, lock the door, fotch
out thd ole jug and wink solemnly ''at
each other as they refresh. J. hoy re
turn to their seats by different doors,
and in a few moments may be. ham
mering at each other with great ve
hemence. If Edmunds gets his seat
before Thurman arrives, and any vote
is being taken, he will turn his head
when his name is called and say, "X be
lieve I am paired with the- honorable
Senator from Ohio." , The difference be
tween the two men1 the two ablest
in publio life is that one is a shrewd.
subtle trickster in political maneuvers,
while the other is blunt,' honest and
powerful. "
v. ,- . . :
NO. 20.
That old veteran, General Sheilds,
now occupies a seat in the Senate,
though his term only lasts till march
4th. He is a hero of two wars,: and
has been , Senator from three States,
Minnesota, Illinois aud Missouri. In
a recent interview he related some in
teresting Incidents ot his association
with Stephen A. Douglas. ' They were
both elected to the Legislature at the
same time, end chummed . and , roomed
together. Later they were at the same
time Auditor, and. Secretary of State
respectively," and afterwards both on
the Supreme Bench. Then both were
sent te Washington, all through which
they continued chums. Shields evi
dently feels natural in the Senate. But
that body has not dose a great deal of
real work this week, . (.
The House has sent some time in
Committee of the Whole on " the Post
oflice appropriation bill.' Many amend
ments to the bill are" reported by the
appropriation committee to have been
made. ,
A wide difference of opinion exists
among the Democrats in regard to the
postal appropriations, aome of them
holding that it is the duty of .the Gov
ernment to furnish ample facilities for
mail communication, and that to do
this appropriations must' be increased
as the country grows; others hold that
unless restrictions are ; placed upon the
exeiuliture by curtailing appropria
tions, the department will run into
waste and extravagance, as it has done
f jr years iast.'
Phoso.
Mist TII KLEKS.
The Cliinere QueMion Wiih e?
Wiisbee?
No one ever found fault with a
mu.tif-hox for putting on air.
The p-tttnbroser plays a lone hand,
aud never gets cucbered.
A lost tart The one that U li ft
slotie with the small boy.
Tho world may owe a person a liv
ing, but it Is bard work that make
t pgy up.
Johnny was whipped it school for
i piece of mischief done by 'another
boy. Verdict: a misplaced switch.
The King of the Fiji Islands 5s
faid to'reHth "Baby Mine" very much.
Ho likes it well done, too.
Probably the huppiest combination
in all this wide world U half a mince
pie with a boy around It.
'I think I must have a vein of
very rich humor," said Jones after
hw eighteenth boil put in an appear
ance. James Parton has named his son
Victor Hugo. It will be handy in
alter years wncH lie wants to say,
'Victor
Hugo out and get some-j
woixt"
Turkey it much behind the nee.
Its Pashas are a set of moss-backs
in fact, the country is decayed and
mosque-covered.
They say that a woman's . "no"
means 'yes." At any rate, when a
German girl snys "nein,'' it is merely
a fignro of speech.
Will somebody-elect please rise and
say something different from, !
thunk you from tho bottom of my
heart for the high honor you have
conferred upon me."
Somebody's Coming When the
Dowdrops Fall" is said to be a, very
beautiiul song. "Sorael sjy's Com
ing When the Note Falls Due" is not
so enchanting.
It is Said that Edison sleeps in the
daytime and works nights in order
to get rid of visitors and newspaper
ropertors. ne has many of the hab
its of a first-class burglar.
If women are angels, why don'1-.
they fly over .the mud puddles in
stead of awkwardly eatherlntr ud
their garments and then with a des
perate leap alight right in the mid
dle of It '
A wid ow, intending to succeed
her husband in the management of a
hotel, advertised that "the hotel will
lie kept by the widow of Mr: Brown,
who died last summer on a new and
improved plan."
There s one thing that's hard to
understand, and that Is why the con
testantain pedestrian matches always
walk against each other. It must be
very disagreenhle, to say' the least.
And they would get along so muc
better should they travel in the same
direction.
tiie Ber wBt doesst cake.
"My son,, you are wasting your time
playing with that kittenl You ought
to be studying your lesson." You'll get
v black mark if yon do not study,"
said, Mrs. Mason..
,"I don't care," replied the boy.-
' 'Doii't care' will ruin, that child,"
ssid Mrs.' Mason to herself.' "X " wil
teach hint a lesson he will ' not forget! "
iWheit noon arrived, her idle, boy
rushed into the house,, shouting -. ;
''Mother, I want my dinner 1" )
"I don't care," replied Mrs, Masbn..
James was puzzled;' His 'mother
never so treated him before.' He was
silent awhile j 'then he spoke again :
, , "Mother, I want something to eat,"
. , "i don t care, was the cooL reply,
" ''But recess will betjver, mother, a;
I shall starve if I don't get some d
ner," urged Jsmea.-' " i .
"I don't care." ' -, ' ...
, This was too much, fqr the poor boy
to endure. He. burst into tears. His
mother 'said: .'" i
"My Bon, 1 1 want to make you ' feel
the folly and 'sin of the habit you have
of sayingj 'J don't care.' Suppose I
really didn't care for you, whatf would
you do for dinner, For clothing, for a
nice 'home," for education.? ' I hope,
therefore, yott' will "cease saying 'I don't
.care."V , livjiii. '-!; . . . j-i.: : I
. James had never looked on this evil
habit in this light before. He , prom
ised to dp better, and after recemn
riiona' ftP vim 'watit ctntsuil ' urtQA
piece' of pie, 'went
not better.- .i vi.f.
to school, wiser, f
Busines notices in the Ical Column
20 cents per line.
For lefl and transient advertisements
$1 00 per o,nam, for the first Insertion, and
50 cents per square for each subsequent insertion.
HOW Tt BISK.
BY JOSEPH AI.DF.2f.
Home persons are content to be mere
hewers of wood and drawers of water.
They simply seek for wbst they shall
eat, and what they shall drink, and
wherewithal they shall be clothed.
There are others who desire above all
things to become rich. They desire
knowledge, intelligence, mental power.
Tbey soe persons distinguished and in
fluential in consequence of mental cul
ture. They desire a similar distinction
and influence.
But they Jack the means of culture.
They are, perhaiB, obliged to labor for
their doily bread. The school and the
instructor, the books and the leisure,
are not for them. They have a bumin g
thiist for knowledge, but the spring is
distant and unapproachable.
They look with envy npon those who
enjoy all the advantage for education
that can be desired. Tbey look with
cotitempt uKn those who possess ad
vantages which, from indolence, they
fail to use. It is for this class that this
article is written.
Men have, it is true, very different
advantages for improvement; but the
ersons for whom I am writing possess
one advantage greater than is possessed
by many of those whose advantages
they eny. It is the desire for knowl
edge, the desire for mental improve
ment, the desire to rise to the compan
ionship of men t mind and culture.
Without this de-ire n external advan
tages will ls of any avail. It is impos
sible to educate, a mind that has no de
sire for knowledge, no kindling of en
thusiasm in eonieniplating those who
have left -i.-.i , i on the sands of
time."
My young n-ader, yon have some de
hire ?o becour: n'i !;itelligit and influ
ential, nay mre, a distinguished man.
It is to some extent evident that you
have the capacity to beceme such a
man.
This desire fliouid be cherished and
strength! ned. The i-tronger the desire,
the more vigorous will be the action
to which it will lead. The more. vigor
ous the action, the greater the improve
ment. '
This desire may be strengthened by
considering the advantages of mental
culture. It took Hugh Miller from
the stone-quarry and placed him among
the intellectual chiefs whom Scotland
delighted to honor. The great Chal
mers gave the stone-cutter the right
hand of fellowship when he laid aside
the chisel and mallet and took the edi
torial chair of a paper whose influence
was felt throughout the length and
breadth of the land. Remember, Hugh
Miller had no culture bat that acquired
by himself while laboring as a jooraey-
man, lodging in hovels, and living up-
on oat meal, l ou fiossess far greater
advantages for selt-improvement than
he jsjssessed.
Think of Franklin, who, with advan
tages inferior to yours, became one of
the leading statesmen of the age, and
its most distinguished philosopher;
whose writings exerted a greater influ
ence than the writings of the most
highly educated men of his day. All
tins was done by the dilligent use of
means far inferior to those within your
reach.
tead of sighing over advantages
which you do not ossess, resolve, with
an iron will, to make the best jioeaible
use of those within your reach, lou
will then be surprised to find how many
advantages you have, and what progress
you can make.
The way to secure better advantages
is to make diligent ' use et those you
have. Men are always . disposed to'
help those who earnestly try to help
themselves.
Two men j were moving. One had a
caststeel scythe, with a patent snath.
The ether had a very inferior scythe.
"Your friend has the advantage oi you,"
said a gentleman who was passing and
stopped a moment as the - man was
whetting his saythe; "he has much the
better tool to work with."
"That's so," was the reply, "but this
is the best one I could get. The grass
must be cut; ! must work the harder."
And he went on mowing with a will.
The gentleman was in need of an as
sistant in bis business. He wanted a
man to do whatever was necessary te be
done. He hired the man with the peer
scythe, and thus laid the foundation of
his fortune. If the man had remained
idle till he got a first-class scythe, he .
would have missed his opportunity of
making a fortune.
Do not remain idle waiting for better
advantages for menttd improvement.
Begin to-day the diligent use oi those
you have. The wcrld wants men who
feel that work must be done, and will
do it with poor tools if they cannot get
good ones. Make up your mind that
you will be an intelligent, able and
honorable man; go to work and make
yourself snch. a' man, and the world
will call for your services, and give you
credit for all that you do. The men
who complain that they are not appre
ciated are not the ones who are willing
to do their best at whatever comes to
hand. ; .
1 CK AST DKASK TIIE WHISKT.
It seems that General Grant was
guilty of the excess in the banquet
given by Premier Castillo, at his resi
dence; so much so that he presented a
much to he lamented spectacle a few
hours later, in the interior of the Min
ister's box at the Royal theatre. Such
an exhibition was the only thing want
ing to stamp him as unworthy of all
the civilities showered npon him. -Spain
Newpaper
Mary Ann Bridges, a half-breed
girl employed in the , family of, W. H.
Learned, of Port Townsend, committed
suicide by hanging a few days since.
A tannery and - glove factory has
been started by a Mr. Coffin, of Men
docino county, California, on Hill
creek, about half a mile from The
Dalles.