RATES OF ADVERTISES.
STATE RIGHTS DEMOCRAT
OLDEST DEMOCRATIC PAPER IN OREGON.
1N 1
1 W 1 M J M 1 6 M 1 YR
ft lit t
1
1 Inch, I I i M 6 Oil 8 D I 1st
2 In. 2 On 4 On 7 On 1Z OS j 1 HO
2 In. 3 06 8 00 Jo U0 15 00 1 T2 fie
4 In. 00 7 00 12 50 IS 00 27 00
cl. on on is on ih no 35 no
C"l. 7 50 13 00 IS 00 30 m 4S 00
i Col. 10 1 on s oo 40 oo m oo
1 Col. 15 00 20 00 40 00 60 00 100 0
tciuiiii btert rntnAT, IT
MART. V. BROWN.
OFFICE IN PARRISH'S BLOCK. FIRST STREET.
TERMS, IB abvascb t One year, $3 t Sis
' taebU), $1 ; Three tnontbs, t ; One month, 50
cents; Single Cnpiea, 12, cents.
Correspondents writing over iwnl signa
ture or anonymously, murt mske known tuoir
proper names to the Editor, r no attention will
be given to their communication!.
BUSINESS CARDS.
D. M. JOXES, 91. D
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
ALBANY. OREGON.
Ofirei In R- C. Hill Son's Drut:
, eture. Residence : On Second itrect, touth vf
Ae Cartwright Warehouse. v7n40f
S. A. JOIIAS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ALBANY. 0R.EU0X.
"Office In the Court House."
W. G. JONES, M. D.
Homoeopathic Physician,
ALBAXT, OREGON.
v7n50yl.
r. A. CB!oBT.
Corvallis.
I. H. SMITH.
I.inn Co.
CHENOWETH &. SMITH.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Corvallis, Oreg-on.
. fSfOrrtcm at the Court House. T6n27
JOHN J. WIIITXKY,
ATTORXET .D COOSELOR IT IVS
and Notary Public
Special attention given to collection!.
OrriCE Up ulii ra in Parrisu's Brick.
Albanjr. Oregon. 3nS3tf.
I. STRl't'KJiKlElt,
MERCHANT TAILOR!
HAVING RECEIVED FROM PORTLAND
a splendid stock of goods, superior to any
iu mis market, and made la the latest e
York fashions, I guarantee to live satisfaction
to all. L. STRCCKMEIER.
n34tf
GEO. R. HELM,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW
. Will practice in all the Courts of this State.
OFFICE: ALBANY, OREGON.
Nor. 11, 1870.
PAPER HANGING CALCEMINING,
Decorating, At.
T: M. WADSWORTH WILL PROMPTLY
1' m tive attention to all orders lor Paper-
Litnsiae. Caleciuininjr, Dtcurattar, le., in tliis
city or vicinity. A.I wrk executed iu tne 1st
est style, iu the beet manner, at the lowest lie
in r rates.
y-Orders left at the Furniture Warerooms of
vnas. 3teaJey. will receive prumpi attention.
rTnUlf
C. . BEU.I9CEB.
THRO. BUKBESTCB.
BELLINGER & BURMESTEH,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
No. 89 First Street,
PORTLAND, . - - OREGON.
Special attention sien to matters in Bankrupt
cy and all business in cmted Males conns.
vfio24tf.
G. F. SETTLEM.'ER,
Druggist and Apothecary;
f VEALER IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, OILS
IP Paints, Window Glss. Dyestufis. Liquors
Jfmnrj Soaps, Brushes, Perfumeries, Ac.
FrttcriDtiois Carefully Componnded.
All art cles and Drags in oar line warranted
f the best quality.
First street, Post Office building, Albany.
julUv5n48yl
SI. S. DC BOIS,
H. W. eCCLLOCB.
X. S. DCJ BOIS 3L
CO.,
CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND RECEIV
ING a large stuck of Groceries and Provi
aions, Woodead Willow Ware, Tobacco, Cigars.
Confectionery, Yankee Notions, etc., etc.
Wholesale and Retail.
We sell at the Lowest Lf ring Bates,
and deliver free of charge throughout the city.
dr-Opposito R. C. Hill A Sob's Drug Store,
Albany. Oregon. jnnl0r5n43yl
ALBANY BATH HOUSE 1
THE UNDERSIGNED WOULD RESPECT
ffclly inform tha citizens of Albany and vi
cinity thai he has taken charge of this Establish
ment, and, by keeping clean rooms and paying
Strict attention to business, expects to suit all
tnose who may favor htm w.th their patronage.
Having heretofore carried on nothing but
t First-Class Hair Dressing Saloons,'
ho expects to give entire satisfaction to all.
3jrChiIdien and Ladies' Hair neatly eat
and shampooed. JOSEPH WEBBER.
v3n33tf.
SOMETHING NEW IN DENTISTRY !
DEL. E. O. SMITH, DEiiTIST,
HA3 LOCATED IN ALBANY
and has tbe new invention
in ulate work, which consists in
inserting teeth in the mouth without covering
tk whi.lA roof, as heretofore. It cives the
wearer tbo free use of the tongue to tbe rooT of
the a oath in talking and tasting. It is tbe
Smith A Purvine Detent.
-Teth extracted without pain. Plates
tnended. whether broken or divided. Office one
door east of Conner's Bank, np stairs,
v7n45tf.
DEWTISTRY.
GSO. W GBAT, D. X. S.
DOES ALL WORK IN THE
line of his profession in tbe
latest, test - and most approved
methods.
" Anaestaetie agents used for the painless ex
traction of teeth if desired.
, Particular attention given to the regulation of
children s teeth. a
Dental consultations and examinations free.
' Satisfaction guaranteed in every ease. Call
at his office and examine specimens of his work
Charges moderate. Office in Parrieh'a Brick
Clock, upistairs. v8nltf.
JOS. ftEILItr
CONSTABLE 1HD GENERAL COLLECTOR,
North Portland Precinct.
' Reference by permission to the following
gentlemen :
Bis Honor Philip Wasserman, Mayor of the
City vt Portland; Hon. Engene Semple; Dr. J,
A. Chapman; Dr. J. C. Hawthorne; Dr. I. A.
Davenport; I. 8. Rosenbanm & Co.; Knapp,
Burrell A Co.; E. J. Jeffries; Clarke, Hender
son A Cook; 8. G. Skidmore; E. Martin A Co;
A, B. Richardson 4c Co.; Millard 4 Yanscnyver.
! OFFICE" 25 Washington
First and Second. ' -
Street, between
- v7n47tf.
OATS! OATS!
I WILL PAY THE HIGHEST MARKET
price In cash for all Oats delivered at my
Bfcore. - BacKS iumiaoea. m. crtr.aiu.li
VOL. VIII.
THE PRESIDENT'S MESWAOE.
To the Senate and Home of ltyre
tentative: In transmitting to you
my fourth Annual Message, it in with '
thankiulness to the Giver of all
good. As a nation, we have been
blessed tor the last year with peace at
home and abroad, and a general pros
perity has been vouchsafed to all but
lew people. W ith the exception ot
the recent devastating tire, which has
swept from the earth with a breath,
as it were, millions of accumulated
weaith in the city of Boston, there
have been no overshadowing calami
ties wilhiii the year to record. It is
gratifying to note how, like their fel
low citizens ot Chicago under sim
ilar circumstances a year earlier, the
citizens ot loston are rallying un
der their misfortunes, and the pros
pect is that their energy aud perse
verance will overcome all obstatcles,
and show the same prosperity soon,
that they would had no disaster be
fallen them. Otherwise, we have
been free from pestilence, war, and
those calamities which often overtake
nations, and as far as human judg
ment can penetrate the luture, no
cause seems to exist to tureateu our
present peace.
THE ALABAMA CLAIMS.
When Congress adjourned in June
last, a question had been raised by
Great. Britain and was then pending,
which for a time seriously imperiled
the settlement by friendly arbitration
of the differences existing between
this Government and that of her Bri
tannic .Majet'ty. The Treaty of Wash
ington had been referred to the Tri
bunal of Arbitration which had met at
Geneva in Switzerland. The arbitra
tors, however, disposed ot tho ques
tion which had jeopardized the whole
of the Treaty and threatened to in
volve Uie two nations in unhappy re
lations toward each other, in a manner
entirely satisfactorily to this Govern
ment, and in accordance with the
views ami the policy which it had
maintained. The tribunal which had
convened in .December concluded us
laborious session on the 14th day of
September last, on which day, having
availed itself of the discretionary pow
er given to it by tbe lreaty to award
a sum in gross, it made its decision,
whereby it awarded the sum of $15,
500x00 in gtdd, as the indemnity to
be paid by Great Britain to the
United States for satisfaction of all
daims referred to its cousideration.-
lbis decision happily disposes ot a
long standing difference between the
two Governments, and in connection
with another award made by the Ger
man r-mperor, under a reference to
him by the same treaty, leaves the
two Governments without a shadow
upon the the friendly relations which
it is ray sincere hope may forever re
main equally unclouded. The report
of the agent ot the United Slates ap
pointed to attend the Geneva Tii-
bunal, accompanied by protocols of
the proceedings ot the arbitrators, ar
guments of counsel of both Govern
ments, award of the tribunal and
opinions given by the several arbitra
tors, is transmuted herewith.
1 have caused to be communicated
to the heads ol the Inenuly l'owers
who complied with the joint request
made to them under the treaty, the
thanks of the Government for the ap
pointment of arbitrators made by
them respecting it; and also ray
appreciation of the dignity, patience,
impartiality and great ability with
which they discharged their arduous
and high functions. Her Majesty's
Government has communicated to
me its appreciation by Her Majesty
of the ability and indefatigable indus
try displayed by Mr. Adams, the arbi
trator named the on the part of this
Government, during the protracted
inquiries and discussions of the Tri
bunal. I cordially unite with Her
Majesty in this appreciation. It
due to the agent of the United States
betore the 1 nbuual to record my ap
preciaiion of the marked ability, un
wearied patience and tbe prudence
and discretion with which he has con
ducted the very responsible and deli
cate duties committed to him, as it is
also due to the learned and eminent
counsel who atttended the Tribunal
on the part of this Government to ex
press my sense ot talent and wisdom
wbicb they brought to bear in the ar
gument and npon the result so hap
pily reached.
It will be tbe providence ot (Jon
gress to provide for the distribution
amoDg those who may be entitled to
it, of their respective shares of the
money to be paid. Although it is
not payable until a year from the
date of the award, it is deemed ad vis
able that no time be lost in making
tbe proper examination of the several
cases in which indemnification may be
due. I consequently recommend the
creation ot a Board of Commissioners
for that purpose.
THE 8AN JUA5T CONTROVERSY.
By tbe 34th Article of the Treaty
of Washington, the respective claims
of the United States and of Great
Britain, in their construction of the
Treaty of the 15th of June, 1846, de
fining the boundary line between their
respective territories, were submitted
to the arbitration and award of His
Majesty, the Emperor of Germany, to
decide which of the claims is most in
accordance with the true interpreta
tion of the Treaty of 1846. His Maj
esty, the Emperor of Germany, hav
ing , been pleased to undertake tbe
arbitration, has the earnest thanks of
this Government, and the people of
tbe U mtcd States lor tbe labor, pains
and care which he has devoted to tbe
consideration of the long pending dif
ference. I have caused an expression
of thanks to be transmitted to His
Majesty. Mr. Bancroft, the Kepre
sentative of our Government at Ber
lin, conducted the case and prepared
tbe statement on tbe part ot the
United - Stateswith tbe ability that
his past services justified tbe public in
expecting at bis hands. As a mem
ber of the Cabinet at the date of the
Treaty: which has given rise to the
discussion between tbe Governments,
as the Minister to Great Britain when '
he obstruction, now pronounced un
founded, was Jirst advanced, ami as
the agent and reprcsculutive ot the
Government to present the case and
to receive the award, he has been as
sociated with the question in all its
uiascs, ind in every stage has mani
fested a patriotic zef 1 and earnestness
in the maintenance of the claim of the
United States, lie is entitled to
much credit for the suecoss which has
attended the submission. After a
patient investigation ot the case and
of the statement of each party, His
Majesty, the Emperor of Germany, on
the 21 t day of October last, signed
his award iu writing, decreeing that
the claim of the Government of the
Jnited States that the boundary line
between the territories of Her Britan
nic Majesty and the United States
should be drawn through tho Dellaro
Channel, is most in accordance with
the true interpretation of tho treaty
concluded on the 5th of June, 1H4G,
between tho agents of her Her Britan
nic Majesty and of the United States.
Copies of the caso presented in behalf
of the Government and of the state
ment in reply of each, and a transla
tion of the award are transmitted
herewith. This award confirms the
United Slates in their claim to the im
portant archipelago of Islands lying
between the continent and Vancovcrs
sland, which has been in dispute for
twenty-six years, ever ssuce the ratifi
cation fthe trenty.
I lie claim of Great Britain has
ceased and leaves us for the first time
in the history of tho United States
without a question of disputed bound
ary between our territory ami the
possesions oi Great Britain on this
continent, it is my graiihc.il ion to
acknowledge the prompt and sponta
neous action of I ter Majesty s Govern
ment in giving effect to the award.
Iu anticipation ot any request irom
this Government, and before the re
ception ol the award signed by the
r.mperor, Her .Majesty had given in
structions tor the removal ot tier
troops which had been stationed
there, and for the cessation of all ex
ercise or claim of jurisdiction so as to
eavethe Lulled States in the exclu
sive possession of the lately disputed
territory. I am grateful to be able to
announce that the orders for the re
moval of the troops have been exe
cuted and the military joint occupa-
lion of San Juan has ceased, lhe
lauds are now in the exclusive pos
session of the United Stales. It now
becomes necessary to complete lhe
survey and determination of that por
tion ot the boundary line through De
Haro Channel upon which the com
missioners which determined the re
maining part of the line were unable
to agree. I recommend the appoint
ment of a commission to act jointly
with one which may be named by
Her Majesty for that purpose.
THE ALASKA BOUNDARY.
The experience of the difficulties at
tending the determination of our ad
mitted line of boundary after its oc
cupation of the Territory aud its set
tlement by those owing allegiance to
the respective Governments, points to
the importance of establishing by nat
ural objects or other raeasurments,
the actual line between the Territory
acquired by purchase from Russia and
the adjoining possessions of Her Brit
annic Majesty. The region is now so
sparcely occupied that no complicat
ing interests ot individuals or ot juris
diction are likely to intervene to the
delay or embarrassment of tbe actual
location of the line. It deferred
until population shall enter and ocupy
the Territory, some trivial contests of
neighbors may again array tho two
governments into antagonism. 1
therefore recommend the appoint
ment of a Commission to act jointly
with one that may be appointed on
the part of Great Britain, to determine
the line between the .territory of At
aska and the coterminous possessions
ot Great liritam.
THE FISHERIES.
In my last annual message I recom
mended the legislation necessary on
the part ot the united States to bring
into operation the articles of the
Treaty of Washington, of May, 1871,
relating to the fisheries and other
matters touching tbe relations of the
United States toward the British
North American possessions to be
come operative so soon as proper leg
islation should be had on the part of
fl-nr. !..:,: .nli l .:.,
uicab Ullbdlll ailU IJCl jJUBBCBOIUIIO.
lhat legislation on the part ot Great
Britain and her possessions bad
not then been had, and during the
session of Congress a question was
raised which for a time caused a doubt
whether action by Congress in the di
rection indicated would become im
portant, a question which has since
been disposed of, and I have received
notice that thai Imperial 1'arliament
and tne Legislature of the Provinc
ial Government have passed laws to
carry the provisions ot the treaty on
the matters refrred to into operation
I therefore . recommend your early
adoption of legislation in tbe same di
rection, to carry out the treaty on the
part ot this Government.
THE BOUNDARY EAST OP THE ROCKY
MOUNTAINS,
The Joint Commission for deter
mining the boundary line between the
United States and tho British Posses
sions, and between the Lake ot the
Woods and the Rocky Mountains has
organized and went upon its work.
It is desirable that the force be in
creased in order that tbe completion
of the survey and the determination
of the boundary, line may be sooner
attended to and to this end I recom
mend that a sufficient appropriation
De made,
OUR RELATIONS WITH CONTINETAL
EUROPE,
; With France, our earliest ally, Rus
sia the. constant and steady -friend ot
the. United States, Germany, . with
whose Government and people we
have Sf many common sympathies
and the other powes of Europe, our
relations are maintained on the most
frieDdly .terms. . ''- '
ALBANY, OREGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 13,
' TREATIES RATIFIED.
Since my last annual message an ex
change has been made ot ratifications
of the treaty wilh the Austro Hunga
rian Empire relating to naturalization;
also of a treaty with the German Em
pire concerning consuls and trade
marks; also of a treaty with Sweden
and Norway, relating, to naturaliza
tion, all of which treaties have been
duly proclaimed.
COMMISSIONERS TO THE STATISTICAL
CONORKnS.
At its last session, Congress having
made an appropriation to defray the
expenses of the Commissioners on the
part of the United States to the In
ternational Statistical Congress at St.
I ctersburg, the persons appointed iu
that character proceeded to their des
tination and attended the session of
tho Congress. Their leport shall in
duo season be laid before you. This
Congress meets at intervals of about
three years, and has held its sessions
in several of the countries of Euro)!.
I submit to your consideration the
propriety of extending an invitation
to the Congress to hold its next meet
ing in the United States. The Cen
tennial celebration to be held in 170
would afford an appropriate occasion
for such meting.
THE VIENNA EXPOSITION.
Preparations are making for tho In
ternational Exposition to be held dur
ing next year in icuna on a scale ot
very great magnitude. The tendency
ot these expositions is in the direction
of advanced civilization and (he eleva-
vationol industry and labor and the in
crease ot human happiness, ns well as
of greater intercourse and good will "-
tween nations, lhe hxpositton is to
be the first which will ha. e been held in
Eastern Europe. It is believed that
American inventors and manufactur
ers will be ready to avail themselves
of the opportunity for the presenta
tion of tiieir productions, it encour
aged by proper aid and protection.
At the last session of Congress au
thority was given tor the appointment
of one or more agents to represent this
Government at the Exposition. The
authority thus civeu has been exer
cised, but in the absence of any ap
propriation there is danger that the
important benefits which tho Exposi
tion offers will in a large degree, be
lost to the citizens of the United
States. I commend the subject
strongly to your cons-deration and
recommend that an adequate appro
prion be made for the purpose. To
further aid American exhibitors at
the Vienna Exposition, I would re
commend, in addition to an appropri
ation of money, that the Secretary of
the -Navy be authorized to ht up two
naval vessels to transport between our
Atlantic cities an Trieste, or the most
convenient port for ienua. the arti
cles tor exhibition.
Of II RELATIONS WITH MEXICO.
Since your last session, the Presi
dent of the Mexican Republic has
died. His temporary successor has
now been elected with great unanim
ity by the people, a proof of confi
dence on their part in his patriotism,
which it is believed will be confirmed
by the results of his administration.
It is particularly desirable that noth
ing should be- left undouo by the Gov
ernment of the Republic to strength
en their relations as neighbors and
friends. It is much to be regretted
lhat many lawless acts continues to
disturb the quiet of the settlements
on the border between our territory
and that of Mexico, and that com
plaints of wrong to American citizens
in various parts of tho country are
made. The revolutionary conduct in
which the neighboring Republic has
so long been involved, has, in some
degree, contributed to this distur
bance. It is to bo hoped, lhat under
pa more settled rule of order through
that Republic, which may be expected
for the present Government, the acts
of which just complaint bas been
made, will cease.
The proceedings of the Commission
under the Convention with Mexico,
on tbe 4th of July, 1868, on the sub
ject of claims, have unfortunately
been checked by an obstacle, for the
removal of which, measures has been
taken by the two governments, which,
it is believed, will prove successful.
The Commissioners appointed pursu
ant to a joint resolution of Congress,
of 7th of May last, to inquire into the
depredations on the Texas f rontier,
have diligently made investigation on
that subject. Their reports upon the
subject will be communicated to you.
Their researches were necessarily in
complete partly on' account of the
limited appropriation made by Con
gress. The President of Mexico, on
lhe part of that Government, appoint
ed a similar Commission to investi
gate these outrages. It is not an
nounced officially, but the press of
that country states that the fullest in
vestigation is desired, and that the
oo-operation of all parlies concerned
is invited to secure that end. I,
therefore, recommend that special ap
propriation be made at the earliest
day to enabfe the commissioners on
the part of tbe United States to re
turn to their labors without delay.
CCBAK DISTURBANCES.
it is with regret that l have again
to announce the continuance of the
disturbed condition of the Island of
Cuba. No advance toward the paci
fication of the discontented portion
of the population has been made.
While the insurrection has gained no
advantages and exhibited no more of
the elements of power or .of a pros
pect oi intimate success than were
exhibited a year ago, Spain on the oth
er band has not succeeded in its re
pression, and the parties stand appar
ently iu the same relative attitude
which they have occupied for a long
time past. This contest has lasted
now for more than four years. Were
it seen at a distance' from our neigh
borbood, we might - be indifferent to
its result, although humanity could
not be unmoved by many of its inci
dents wherever tbey might occur. It
is however at our door ' cannot
doubt the continued tnuiiitennno of
slavery in Cuba is among the strong
est inducements to a continuance of
this strife. A terrible wrong it is
the natural result of a terrible evil.
The abolition of slavery and the in
troduction of other reforms in the
administration of tho Government in
Cuba could not possibly tail to ad
vanco the restoration of order. It is
especially to be hoped that the pres
ent Liberal Government of Spain will
voluntarily adopt this view. The1
law of emancipation, which was pass
ed more than two years since, has re
mained unexecuted. In tha absence
of regulations for its enforcement, it
was but n feeble step toward emanci
pation, but it was a recognition of the
right and was hailed as such and ex
hibited Spain in harmony wilh the
sentiments of humanity and of jus
tice, and in sympathy with other pow
ers of the Christian and civilized
world. Within the past few weeks
regulations for carrying out tho laws
of emancipation hive been announced,
giving evidence of the sincerity of the
intention of the present Government
to carry into ell'eet the law of 1870.
I have not failed to urge the consider
ation ot the wisdom, the policy and
justice of a more effective system for
lhe abolition of the evil which op-
Cresses a race, and continues the
loody and destructive conflict close
to our border, as well as the expedi
ency and justice of conceding other
reforms of which the propiiety is not
quest oned.
Deeply impressed with the convic
tion that the continuance of slavery is
the most active cause of the continu
ance ol the unhappy condition of
Cuba, I regret to beleive that citizens
of the United States, or those claim
ing to be such, are largo holders in
Cuba of what is there claimed as
property; but which is forbidden and
denounced by the laws of the United
States. They are thus, iu defiance of
the spirit of our laws, contributing to
the continuance of this distressing
and sickening contest.
In my last annual message I refer
red to this subject, and I again recom
mend such legislation as msy be prop
er to denounce, if not to prevent and
discourage American citizens from
dealing in slaves.
THE M'AXIsII AMERICAN' TREATY.
It is gratifying to announce that the
ratification of the convention conclud
ed under the auspices of this govern
ment, between Spain on the one part
and the allied Republics of the Pa
cific on lhe oiher, providing for an ar
misiice have been exchanged. A
copy of tho instrument is herewith
submitted. It is hoped that this may
be followed by permanent peace be
tween the same parties.
SOUTH AND C'EXTRAL AMERICA.
The differences which at one time
threatened the maintenance of peace
between Brazil and the Argentine Re
public it is to be hoped are in a fair
way of satisfactory adjustment.
i itn tnese aiaics, as wttn inn lie-
publics of Central and South Amer
ica, we intend to maintain the most
friendly relations.
It is with regret, however, that I
announce that the lovernmcnt of
Venezuela has made no further pay
ment on account of the awards under
the Convention of April 25, 1866.
That Republic is understood to be
now almost if not quite iratinuilized.
It is hoped, therefore, that it will lose
no time in procuring for tho unpaid
balance ot its debt to the United
States, which, having originated in
injuries to its citizens by tbe Vene
zuela authorities and having been ac
knowledged, pursuant to a treaty, in
tne most solemn lorm known among
nations, would seem to be entitled to
a preference over debts of a different
origin and contracted in a different
manner. This subject Is again rec
ommended to the attention of Con
gress for such actiou as may be deem
ed proper.
JAPAN AN D CniXA.
Our treaty relations with Japan re
main unchanged. An Embassy from
mat interesting and progressive na
tion visited this country during the
year that is passing, but being unpro
vided with powers for tho signing of
a convention in this country, no con
clusion in that direction was reached.
It is hoped, however, that tho inter
change of opinion which took place
during their stay in this country, has
led to a mutual appreciation of the
interests which may be expected
when the revision of the treaty shall
be undertaken. In this connnction, I
renew my recommendation of a year
ago, that to give importance and add
to the efficiency ot our diplomatic re
lations with Japan and China, and to
further aid in maintaining the good
opinion of these people, and secure to
us our share of the commerce destin
ed to flow between these nations and
the balance ot trade ot tbe commer
cial world, an appropriation should bo
made to support at least four Ameri
can youths in each of these countries
to serve as part of the official family
of our Ministers. Our Representa
tives would then be placed upon an
equality with the representatives of
Great Britain and some other Powers,
As now, our representatives in Japan
and China have to depend tor tbe in
terpretations and translations upon na
fives of those countries who know
our language imperfectly, or procure
lor tne occasion tne services ot em
ployes of foreign business houses, or
the interpreters to other foreign Min
isters.
A CHANGE RECOMMENDED.
I renew the recommendation made
on a previous occasion for the trans
fer to the Department of the Interior,
ot all tbe powers and duties ' in rela
tion to territory, with which the De
partment of State is now charged, by
law or by custom.
RELIEF OP CITIZENS ABROAD.
Congress, from the beginning of the
Government, has wisely made provis
ion tor the relief of distressed , sea
men in foreign countries.' No similar
provision, however bas bees msde for
1872.
the relief of citizens in distress abroad,
other than seamen. It is understood
to be customary with other govern
ments to authorize Consuls to extend
such relief to their citizens or sub
jects in extreme cases. A similar au-
thority and an appropriation to carry
it into effect are recommended in the
case of citizens of the United Slates
destitute or sick under such circum
stances. It is well known that our
citizens resort to foreign countries in
great numbers. Though most of
them are able to bear the expenses in
cident to the location, there are some
who through accident or otherwise
become penniless, and have not friends
at home able to succor them. Per
son. in this situation must either per
ish, cast themselves upon the charity
of foreigners, or be relieved at the
private charge of our own officers
who usually, even wilh the most be
nevolent dispositions, have nothing to
spare for such purposes. Should the
authority and appropriation asked for
be granted, care will be taken to carry
the munificence of Congress into ef
fect, and that it will not be unneces
sarily or unworthily bestowed.
CONDITION OP THE THEASCUV.
The moneys received and carried
into the Treasury during the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1872, wer:
From customs, $21,637,028,677;
from sales of public lauds, $2,575,
514 19; from internal revenue, $130,
642.177 73; from tax on National
Bunks, k, $0,523,396 39; fromthe
Pacific Railroad Corapttuiesf,$749,
861 87; from customs, tines etc.,
$1,136,412 31; from fees of Consuls,
patfcuts. lands, etc., $2,284,095 92;
from miscellaneous sources, $4,412,
254 71; total of ordinary receipts,
$364,694,229 91; from premiums on
sales of coin, $9,412,637 G5j total net
receipts, $374,016,837 56; balance in
Treasury June 30th, 1871, $10,935.
7i'5 79, inc uding $1,822,835 received
from unavailable asets; total availa
ble cash, $11.042,573 15.
Tbe net expenditures by warrant-
drawn during tbe same period were:
For civil expenses, $16,189,079 70;
for foreign iuterests. $18,409,369 14;
Indians, $7,065,726 88; pensions,
$28,533,402 76; military establish
ment, including fortifiations, river,
harbor improvements, and arsenals,
$31,537,215 72; for naval establish
ments, including vessels and machin
ery and improvements at the navy
yard, $21,219,809 09; for miscellane
ous civil expenditures, including
public buildings, lighthouses, and
collecting the revenue $12,958,329 08;
interest on public debt, $118,358,-
839 72. Total, exclusive of princi
pal and premium on public debt.
$270,559,695 91. For premium on
bonds purchased, $4,958,766 66; for
redemption of the public debt $99,-
915,340. Total, $106,918,520 3J.
Total net disbursements $377,478,-
216 21. Balance in tbe Treasury
June 30th, 1872, $108,564,356 94.
Total, $484,042,563 15.
BEPfC.IOS OP THE PCBLIO DEBT.
From the foregoing statement it
appears that the net reduction of the
principal of tbe debt.dunng tbe fis
cal year ending June 30th, 1S72,
was 899,960,253 54. The source of
reduction is as follows: Net ordina
ry receipts during the year, $364,
694,229 91; net ordinary expendi
tures, including interest on public
debt S270.5oy,y65 Ml. Difference,
894.134,534. Add the amount of re
ceipts from premiums on 6ales of
gold in excess of premiums paid on
bonds purchased, $o,i47,089; add
amount of the cash balance at the
close of the year, accompanied with
the sale at the commencement of tbe
year, $337,348 65. Total, $99,960,-
253 54.
This statement treats solely of the
principal of the Public Debt. By
the monthly statement of the Public
Debt, winch adds together tbe prin
cipal and interest due and unpaid
and interest accrued to date, and de
duct the cash in the Treasury as re
corded on tbe day of publication,
the reduction was $100,544,591 28
lhe source of this reduction is as
follows: Reduction on principal ac
counts, $90,860,003 54; reduction on
unpaid interest acconnt, $3,430,057
56. Total. $103.290.85650. Reduc
tion in cash on hand, $2,746,455 22
Total, $10,544,491 28. On tbe basis
of the last totals, tbe statements show
a reduction of the Public Debt from
the 1st of March, 1869, to the pres
ent time, as follows: From March
1, 1869, to March 1, 1870 $87,347,
823 44; from March 1, 1870 to March
1, 1871, $117,819,630 35; from March
1st, 1871, to March 1st, 1872, $94,-
845,348 94; from March 1st, 1872, to
November 1st 1872, eight months,
$64,047,237 84. Total, $363,696,
999 87. ,
With the great reduction of taxa
tion by acts of Congress at its last
session the expenditures of the Gov
ernment in collecting tbe revenue
will be much reduced for the next
fiscal year. It is very doubtful, bow
ever, whether any further redaction
of b j heavy a burthen upon the peo
ple will be practicable for the pres
ent. At all events, as a measure of
justice to holders of the Nation's
certificates of indebtedness, I would
recommend that no more legislation
be bad upon this subject unless it be
to correct the errors of omission or
commission in the present laws until
sufficient time has elapsed to prove
that it can be done and still leave
sufficient revenue to meet current ex
penses of the Government, pay the
interest on tbe public debt and pro
vide for the sinking fund established
by law. ; ,
THE NATIONAL CREDIT CURRENCY. ;
The preservation of our nationa
credit is of the highest importance.
Next in importance to this comes the
solemn duty to provide a nationa,
currency of fixed and unvarying val
ue as compared with gold as soon as
practicable,2 having due' regard for
the interests of the debtor class and
the vicissitudes of trade and com
merce, and convertible into gold at
par-." .' '
NO. 18.
THK WAK DEPARTMENT.
The report of the Secretary of
War shows the expenditures of the
War Department for th fiscal year
ending June 30, 1871, to be $35,79U,
991 82, and for tbe fiscal year ending
June 30, 172, to be 835,372,157. 20,
showing a reduction in faver of the
last fiscal year of $127,834 62.
Tbe estimates for military appor
tionments for tbe next fiscal year
ending June 30, 1873, are 833,801,
378 7. Tbe estimates of tbe Chief
of Engineers are submitted separate
ly for fortifications, for rivw and
harbor improvements, for public
buildings and grounds, aud for tbe
Washington aqueduct, - -
The affairs of tbe Freed men's Bu
reau have all been transferred to tbe
War Department, and regulations
will be put into execution for tbe
speedy payment of bounty and pay
due to colored soldiers properly
coming under that bureau.
All warrants for money and prop
erty issued prior to 1871, bave been
examined and transmitted to the
Treasury for final settlement. Dur
ing the fiscal year there bas bees
pa d for transportation on railroads
$1,300,000, of which $8u0,857 was
over the Pacific railroad. For trans
portation by water, $626,373 52, and
by stage $48,975 84, and for tbe
purchase of transportation, animals
and wagons, hire of teamsters, etc.,
8921,065 74. About 83,705 have
been collected from Southern rail
roads during tbe year, leaving about
84.OU0.O00 still due.
Tbe Quartermaster bas examined
and traustnitted to the acting officers
for settlement, 8367,172 72 of claims
by loyai citizens for Quartermaster's
stores during tbe war. Subsistence
supplies to the amount of 809,412
bave been issued to tbe Indians.
The annual average mean strength
of tbe army was 29,129 white, and
2,494 colored soldiers. Tbe total
deaths for the year are reported at
367 white and 54 colored. Tbe dis
tribution of medical and surgical
instruments bat yet to be ordered by
Congress. There exists an absolute
necessity for a medical corps of tbe
full number established bv tbe act of
congress, July zo, laoo, there being
now nftv-nine vacancies and the
number of successful candidates
rarely exceed eight or ten in any one
year.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
River and harbor improvements
bave been carried on with energy
and economy, though many are only
partially completed. The results
have saved to commerce many times
the amount expended. The increase
of commerce with tbe greater depth of
channels and greater security in
navigation, and the saving of time
adds much to the wealth of the
con d try aud increases tbe resources
of the Government. The bridge
across the Mississippi river at Rock
Island, bas been completed, and a
proper site bas been determined
upou for a bridge at La Crosse. Tbe
able and exhaustive report made by
the committee appointed to investi
gate the Sutro Tunnel has been trans
mitted to Congress.
SIGNAL SERVICE.
The observations and reports of
the Signal Office bas been continued.
Stations bave been, maintained at
each of the principal lake ports and
cities, ten additional stations Lave
been established in the United States,
and arrangements bave been made
for the exchange of reports
with Canada. and similar exchange
of observations is con tern plat e with
tbe est India islands.
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SECRETARY
OF WAR.
The favorable attention of Congress
is invited to the following recouiuieniia
tions ot the Secretary of War: A
discontinuance of the appointment ot
extra nieo to serve an Adjutants and
Quartermasters; the adoption of n code
providing a specific peoalty for we 'I de
li a ed offences, that the inequality of
scoteoca, adjudj-ed by Courts Martial,
may be adjusted; the considerations of
the accouuls uuder which expenditures i
are made as a measure of economy; a
reuppropriatiou of the money for con
struction of a depot at San Antooio, the
title to the sile now being perfected;
special act placing the cemetery at City
of Mexico on the same basis as other
national cemeteries; authority to pur
chase sites for military posts in Texas;
appointment of Commissary Sergeants
for noa-comuiissioued officers as a
measure for the security nod better care
and protection of supplies; an appro
priation for eutalogues; a table of the
anatomical seetioa of arms and medi
cal museum; an appropriation of suffi
rieut amouut for the manufacture- of
breech-loading arms, should the selec
tion be so formed by the board of offi
cers as to leave the former appropria
tions expended at the close of the fiscal
year; the sales of such arsenals east of
the Mississippi as can be spared, and
the proceeds applied to tbe establish
lishuient of one large arsenal of con
struction and repair upou the Atlantic
coast, . aud the purchase of a suitable
site for an approving aud experimental
ground for heavy ordnance; the abroga
tion of laws which deprive inventors iu
the United States service from deriving
benefits from their. inventions; the re
peal of law prohibiting promotions ia the
staff corps; a continuance of work upon
coast defences; the repeal of the
seventh section of tbe act cf July
13th, 1866, taking from the engineer
soldiers the per diem granted other
troops; a limitation ' of time for Lhe
preservation of subsistence supplies
under tbe act or juiy itn, iooi, ana
a modification in the mode of selec
tion of cadets for the Military Acad
emy in order to enhance the useful
ness of the Academy, which is im
paired by reason of the large amount
of time necessarily expended in giv
ing new cadets a thorough knowl
edge of the mere elementary branch
es of learning, which they should
acquire before entering tbe Acade-
also tr appropriation- for rtilo-
Business notices in the Local Columns, 35
tent per line. eav-b insertion.
fur legal anil trnniK-m lulTerti'einrr-'s t2 50
er qure of 12 lin. fr the (m inMrtwn
aud ft OU pera'jaare fur each subsequent In
ertion. '
sopliical apparatus and an increase in
the number and pay of ttucbars at
the Military Academy.
TRANSPORTATION TO THE SEA COAST.
The attention of Congress will bet-ailed
during its present session, tc
the various enterprises for the more
certain and chenj er transportation of
the eonstantly iiw-reasiLg snppKes of
western and southern product to th&
At Lin tic seaboards. The subject i
one that will force itself upon the
legislative branch of the Governroect
soout r or later, and I suggest, there
fore, tbat immediate steps be taken
to gain uvaiiubl- information to se
cure equitable and just legislation for"
line- U connect the Mississippi Val
ley with the Atlantic at Charleston,
South Carolina, and at Savannah,
Georgia, by way of tbe Oiii and
Tennessee rivers, by canals aud black
water navigations. The Savannah
and Ocmulgfte rivera have been -surveyed,
and tbe report made by an
accomplished engineer and officer of
tbe army. A second and a third new
route will be proposed for the con
sideration of Congress, viz., by an
extension of the Kanawha and James
River Canal to the Ohio, and by tbe
extension of the Chesapeake and
Ohio, Canal. I am not prepare! to
recommend Government aid to these
or other enterprises, until it is clear
ly i hown that they are not only of
National interest, but tnst, wben
completed, tbey will be of a value
commensurate with their cost. That
production increases more rapid)
than the means of transportation in
our country, bas been demonstrated
by past experience; that tbe unprece
dented growth in population and
products of tbe whole country, will
require adidtional facilities aud
cb aoer means for tbe more bully
articles of commerce o re icb tide wa
ter, and that a market will be de
mandel in the near futuie.is equally
demonstrated. I would therefore
suggett, that either a committee or a
commission be organized to consider
this whole question, and rei-ort to
Congress at some future day for iu
better guidance in legislating on this
important subject.
Tbe railroads of tbe country bave
been rapidly extended during the
last few years to meet the growing
demands of producers, and they re
flect much credit utwn tbe capitalists-
I and managers engaged in their con
struction. In addition to these, a
project to facilitate commerce by the
building of a nhip canal around Ni
agra Falls on the United States side,
whieli ha been agitated for many
years, will no doubt be called to your
attention this session.
LASD-LOCSXD XAVIGATIOX OS THE SEA
COAST.
Looking to the great future ef the
country and the increasing demands
of commerce, it might be well-while
on the subject not only to ,have ex
amined the reports upon tbe vari
ous practicable routes for connecting
the Mississippi with tide water on thv
Atlantic, but tbe feasibility of almost
coutiDued land-locked navigation
from Maine to the Gulf of Mexico,
Such a route along our coast would
be of great value at all times and of
inestimable value in case of a foreign
war. Nature bas provided the great
er part of this route and tbe obsta
cles to be overcome are easily within
the skill of the engineer. I have not
alluded to this subject with the view
of hating any further expenditure of
the public money at this time than
may be necessary to procure and
place all necessary information be
fore Congress in an authentic form
to enable it hereafter, if deemed
practicable and worthy, to legislate
on the subject without delay.
THE xavs. -
Tbe report of the Secretary of the
Navy herewith accompanying ex
plains fully tbe condition of that
branch of the public service, its wan t
and deficiencies, tbe expenses incurr
ed during tbe past year and necessa
ry appropriations for the same. It
also give-s a complete history of the
services of the Navy for the past
yer. It is evident that unless step
are tanen to preserve our iaryt in a
very few years tbe United States will
be the weakest nation upon tbe ocean
of all the great JPowers. With an
energetic, progressive., business peo
ple like ours, penetrating and form
ing business relations with every part
of the known world, a Navy strong
enough to command the respect of
our flag abroad, is necessary lor the
full protection of their rights.
THE FOSTOFFICE DEPARTMENT. '
I recommend the careful consider
ation by Congress of tbe recommen
dations made by the Secretary in the
accompanying report of the "Post
master General. It furnishes a full
and satisfactory exhibit of the opera
tions of the Postoffic Department
during the year. The ordinary rev
enues of the department of the fiscal '
year ending J une 30, 1872, amounted
to $21,915,426 37, and expenditures
to $26,658,191 21. Compared with '
tbe previous fiscal year, the increase.,
of revepue was $1876,380 95, and she
increase of expenditures. $2,268,
087 23. Adding to the ordinary ev
enues of the annual appropriation of I
$700,000 for free matter, and the
amounts paid as subsidies to mail
steamship lines from special appro
priations, the deficiency paid out of
the general treasurv was $3,317,765,
94, an excess of $289,701 28 over the
deficiency for the year 1871.
. Other interesting statistics relating:
to the rapidly extending postal ser
vice, are furnished in this report.
The total length ef railroad mail
routes on the 30th of Jane, 1872, -was
57,9118,007 additional miles
of such services having bees put in
to operation during the year. Eight
new lines of railway postoffices have
been established, with an aggregate-
length of 2,909 miles, -The number .
of letters exchanged by tbe mails- ,
with foreign countries was 24,365,--500.
an increase of 4,066,502. or 2l
L5!
r
er ce&t. over &4
cumber in 171.