The state rights democrat. (Albany, Or.) 1865-1900, September 14, 1867, Image 1

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The state rights democrat., September 14, 1867, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextVOL. III. ALBANY, OREGON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1867. NO. 5. STATE RIGHTS DEMOCRAT rCBMSHCD KTSRT SATCDAT, BT ABBOTT & BROWN. X. a. ABBOTT. I .BT. V. BROWS. Office-Orer JL OllTer's. Store, Fini Street TEKMS,ix adtasc: Oaeycar,$3; Six MoathJ $2; Oae Month, 50 cts.; Sin g Copie. 12J cU. If payment be delayed six months $4 will bo chirged ; if one year, Correspondents writing over assumed iigmatares r Bnoaymouslj, must mk known their pvoper names to tho Editor, or no attention wUl oo given to their communications. All Letters and Communications, whether on business or for publication, should addressed to Abbott & Brown. RATES OF ADVERTISING, rx tbarj One Columu, $100 f Half Column, $60 j Quarter Col- nmn, $SS. , Traniient Advertisement per Square often lines K-r less, first insertion, $3 ; each subsequent inser HIob, $1. ;For ioahlo column aJrertiscmenti tweutj-Gvt jrwr cei v additional to to the abore figures wi cbtfrgeil. , - A .square is one inch in space down the column, counties cuts, diipUf lines, blanks, 4c, as solid wattsr, So adTtrUsament to be considered less than square, and aU fractions eounted a full qaare. AU aiwUseienls inserted for a less period than tkre alhi U We regarded as tran sient.' - BUSINESS CARPS BEtfJ. HAYDEX, Attorney asd Counsellor at Law, Will attend to all bujin entrusted to tun bj cititeas of Polk and adjoining eounuc. Exjla, July 25, 1S67. DEXTISTKV. -TR. E.IL GRIFFIX WILL VISIT PRO JJ fe.ionally the town of IIarTlnrRll on the 15th of July, and remain for a few days. tb5Cw3 P. B. BICE, M. D. 0. r. S. PLCMXEC, X. P. D KS. BICE ct P1.U325IEB. Physician and Sttrgeont, Teedtr their serriees to the eitisen of Albany and TieUUy. 05ce on Second street, opporite tbe Lowsr Ferry. v2nl7tf E, r, nrisELU r. daitos. HL'SSCLL d: ifAITOX, MTCRXEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW. BoHeitQ rt in Channeiy and Real Estate Agents, Will prastica in tha Courts of the Second. Third, and Fourth Judicial Districts, and in the Supreme Court of Oregon. C5ca in Parrish's Brisk Eaijding, Albany, Ore- G("z& SPECIAL ATTENTION given to tbe col lection of Claims at all points in the above named PistrieU. T2n6jl S. WmTTEMORE, jf. D.f SURGEON. PR YSICIANAND ACCOL'CIJER Tenders his services in the various branches f his profession to the citizens of Albany aud tar rounding country. Office, at Whittcmore A Co.'s Drug Sure, Parrish's Block, Albany. v2n37tf S. B. UUJIPIIBEY, JiTTOBIlET AT UW 1SD NOTARY PUBLIC, AI3AXV - - - - OREGON. j$ QI3e in the Court House. marflr?n301y X. H. CBASQR. CEO. R- BKLK. CBAXQB MEM, ATTORNEYS & COUNSELLORS AT LAW OFriC3-In Kofcrosg' Brkjk EaUding, up stairs, Albany, Oregon, J. C. POWELL, A TTORSE Y AND COUNSELLOR AT I AW AND SOLICITOR IN CHANCER Y, LBAXY, Oregon. Collections and convey ances promptly attended to. czuniujy . BABBJWB, I BLAH, S. Z. TOCXC. J. BARROWS & CO., GENERAL & COMMISSION MERCHANTS BEALERS in Staple, Dry and Fancy Goods, Groceries, Hardware, Cutlery, Crockery, U and Shoes, Albany. Oregon. Consignments solicited. oc6n8tf EUGENE SE3IPEE, ATTORNEY AND SOLICITOR. Portland - - - - - Oregon. OFEICE Over Kilbourn's Auction Rooms. December 8, v2nl7tf G. W. GRAY, D. D. S., SURGEON DENTIST, ALBANY, OGN. Performs all operations in the line oi iio li i. iu iuv muv r1lPPPI7r'T mnA IMPRrtVFTl man- ner. Persons desirine artificial teeth srould do well to give him a call. Umce np-stairs n ParrU'j' brick. Residence corner of Second and Baker ktreeU. au25-ly I. O. O. T. ."WESTERN STAR" LODGE No. 18, meets si Masonic Hall every Tuesday evening. E. E. McCLURE, Wi C. T. f. M. WAPgyonTH, W. 8. v2n32tf ALU ANY LODGE, NO. 4. The Re scalar Meet- ""2' intra tf A 1 han v fjuitrf.. No, 4, L O. O. are neli at their llall in Hot eross' Biilding, Albany, erery WEDNESDAY EVENDrG, at 1 o'clock. Brethwa in good tanding are invited to attend. -By order of the N. G. . aui-ly B. XOXTGOMERT. CITY HOTEL. MONTGOMERY & HAYWOOD, Ppr Cor. Washingrlon aaj First Sts-, M, Having been thoroughly refitted, is flTf now open for the accommodation ofJ-JJ, tho traveling public, The table will speak for it self. Neat and comfortable beds and rooms for patrons, 4e. . RATES OF BOARD: Per week .... ....$5 00 Per weei , with lodging $6 00 to 8 00 Single muls - 50 Beds..... . 50 Heals all hours. , , 1 . v2n26tf. JOB 1TOR1X Neatly and cheaply tlone at f - ilfr ADVERTISEMENTS. HATS, Sk HATS. METJSSDORPPER & BRO., Manufaetarers and Importers of, and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in JJSTT) CAPS, A5D HATTERS' MATERIALS, No. 72 Front Street, Portland, A RE RECEIVING, IN ADDITION TO 2, tn,,r extensive Stock, by evury Steamcr all the LATEST STYLES of New York, London nd Parisian taste, for Qentlemen's and Children's Wear Which they will sell CHEAPER THAN ANY OTHER HOUSE C5I TH COAST! DEALERS IN HATS Will consult their own interests by examining our Stock before purchasing elsewhere. Hats of every stylo and Description MADE TO ORDER, ALIO IV EAT I. Y REPAIRED, AT J. C. Meussdorflfcr & Bro.'s No. 72 Front Street Portland. Og'n, Cor. D and Second Sts Maryirille, Cal. No. 125 J Street Sacramento Nos. 635 A 637 Commercial St San FrancUco. .T" Wholesale Houio at San FrsneWco.Cal. No . 62S Commercial through to 637 Clay streets. Dec. 1, 1S66 v2n!6tf THE OLD STOVE DEPOT! nAin STREET - - - ALBANY. JOHN BRIGQ-S, (ttir c. c coDLat co. Kocpi eontta&tly on hand a general assortment of S TO VES! Of tho 31o.nl Favorite Pattern. Cook Stoves, Parlor Stoves, Box Stove3 ! With a full and general aortment of TIX, SHEET-IKON, COPPER AND BRASS-WARE I And all other articles usually found in a TIN STORE! Rf pairiur Neatly and Promptly Executed, TERMS Cash or Produce. "Short Reckoning make Lon? Friend." Feb. 2, '67 v2n25tf FURNITURE AND CABINET WARE. a. 3sBAX.-r sc co Comer ofTirsli zni Ezoad. Alb in Streets. (First Door East of J. Norcross' Brick) Albany, Linn County, Oregon, Keep constantly on band A FULL ASSORTMENT Of everything in their line of Business, At Lower Figures lhan any other Rouse This side of Portland. 1VE CHALLENGE COMPETITION In the line of UPHOLSTERY, PARLOR SETS Chamber Sets, Picture Frames BUREAUS, SAFES, WARDROBES, ETC. ETC., We have alfo on hand the celebrated "ECONOE1T WASHING MACHINE," Which has no equal in tho world. Get one anu satisfy yourself. Particular attention paid to all orders in our line UNDERTAKING PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. aul8-ly A. XAKBHALJ.. I PETES SCHLOSSEB. ALBANY LIVERY STABLE! Ppppsite the Old "Pacific Hptcl" Stand, THE UNDERSIGNEp WOULD INFORM the public (ha phcy haye on hand p. gojqfd guppiy vi POUOU AND SIN6U PUGGIIS, Together with the beet of Livery and All of which will be let on REASONABLE TERMS' GIVE US A CALL ! MARSHALL A SCHLOSSER. Albany, Jan. 14, 1887 r2n23Jy ; SPEECH OF HOY. GEOIICU? II. PENDLETON, or OHIO) To tho Peeplo of Minnesota, L1YKRB AT ST. VACL, O.t llTH Or JVIY, 1807. IFrou tho SUPnnl IMoneor. I lhank you for this friendly crctio I have for a long timo desired ta visit ty' theso now orthwc8tcru htatca, I had heard who hns not ? cf tho fertility of their soil, of the ieauty ol their scenery, of tho healthfulncss of their climate, of the wonderful deTelopmeot, which has, verted their forcats into farms and citea. I had read from one who wroto with a Biastet's power of theso treat central plains, where tbo St. Lawrcuco and the Mississippi kiss each other before they separate for their long journeys to the the occins abovo which tho min at iu zenith seems to linger in admiration for a moment in its ccali course to the Pacific where the icy blasts of tho Xorth aro melted to cool breezes in the warm embraces of tho sultry winds of the South and where, under the influence of all that is beautiful in nature, and all that is im pressive in the character of a people made up ot alt tho families of our Caucasian race, tbe soul of an American citizen riaes to the full tnensuro of his country's opptk- tunities and his own duties. Hut I wih- ed to soc them with mv own eves -to know them by my own experience, that I might, by the intimacy of personal as sociation, warm up Kill more, if that i possible, the fever of mv patriotism and add one moro to the unnumbered tics tl affection and admiration and interest which bind my heart to my country. I desired especially to visit Minnesota, for, like him to whom I have alluded, 1 was one of those who aided in admitinz her to the Union, applause and welcom ing her to the full pc.f.ion of all the powers and rights and dignities of the original States. When your committee invited me to meet ht ro to day vast num bers, not only of my own countrymen. but of that portion of them who are one with me in a common political kith, one with me in opinion as to the true admin istration of the Government, with the as surance that they would give me a hear ty welcome, I determined at once to grat ify my wish. And so I came threading the valley of the Miami, traversing the fertile farms of Indiana, the vast prairies of Illinois, the teeming grain fields and picturesque lakes of Wisconsin, across the .Mississippi wttu its castellated bluffs, acrats the upland plains of your river countries, carpetod with the most brilliant wild flow ers, and laden with the weight of the coming harvest, to find in your attactive city, in this uocquatcd fccac, at the very thro-holJ of your peerless htate; every promise cf jroJenr and beauty fulfilled, and every anticipation more than realized. Cheers.J i In Ohio they are fend of telling us that the Democratic party is dead. The newspapers assert it, the stamp speakers announce it, the Sate Convention annual ly preaches it epitaph. If their wishes consulted it would not only be dead, but damned also. Loud cheers. Iet thcra look upon this scene. Let them hear the shouts with which I have been welcomed, merely because I am an Ohio Democrat, Cheers and although they may assert again that tho old party is dead, they will doit with tho cheerful air with which the boy whistles as he goes through the grave yard, looking with fearful glances behind. around, over cither shoulder, lest the dead may come to life again, or his ghost may be sitting above his grave. Cheers. The Democratic party dead ! ! Within a month I have been to the far East. I have seen tho brave and constant and unflinching Democrats of Massachusetts j I have Keen the Democrats of Connecticut jubilant over the result of their lato con flict. Cheers. I have een tho Dem ocrats of New York, and Pennsylvania, and Ohio, marshaling thoir powers for the contest in October. I have seen the Democrats of Kentucky vigorous, unfalteringin tho very midst of their fight and everywhere, whether in the East or the South, or the great Cen tral States in every condition, whether enjoying the fruits of victory or gather ing up of their forces after tho pressure of defeat, or putting on their armor for anoth er struglc, I find it a living, vigorous, ac tive, energetic party; and here, a thou- eand miles away, iu tho great Northwest, I find the same party, sustained by the same courage, animated by the same hope, and vitalized by the t-ame devotion to the principles and forms of government which have for tweDty years permitted a devel opment of individual liberty and collec tive prosperity without parallel in the his tory of the world. Moro truthfully now, perhaps, than ever before, may we say that our party is neither sectional nor local, but that in all tbe Union, from the Atlantic to the Pa cific, f roiu tho lakes to tho gulf, there is not a State or county, nor township, nor town, nor neighborhood, nor family, nor house hold in which it has not an adherent and member. The Democratic party dead !1 ! It can never die so long as the Government shall exlit. The active, vigorous being of the one is tho essential condition of tho exist ence of the other. So long as the human heart aspires to ameliorate the ills of life, so long as tho human intellect can trace cause and effect, so long as government is pon tided to tho collective wisdom and will of the people, rather than to the unlimited discretion and irresistible poworof , qpe man, so long will thcro be a party which seeks to inpreaso j,ho liberty of the citizen and to diminish the power of the Govern ment, to enlarge the sphere of his active development, and to reduce the restraints which are imposed upon him to gratify his hope of liberty, and to make effective his hatred of tyranny. There is such a party in England to day, and it wrests from government a large form of repre sentation. There is such- a , party; in France to day, and tho thunders of tho Tribune cause sleepier nights at tho Tu ilerics. There is such a pnrty even in Kussia to-day, and tho Czar grants amnes ty to Polish patriots. Chcers.'Thcro is such a party in Austria to-day, aud its leader exchanges every recognition of tho light of tho llouso of Hapsburg to tho throne of St. Stephen for a concession to tho rightfc of tho pcoplo of Hungary. There is such a party in Amorica to.day, and it insists upon a rigid adherence to the provisions of our written Constitution, and to tho primary elementary principles of tho equality oC tho Statos., Ioud ap plause. And never in all our history ( has the exigency of the country demanded from that party such an exhibition of all its strength, all its intelligence, all its virtue, as now. For never not in the corruptions of nlothful case not in the mad excite ment of a difficult and doubtful war have its institutions been so ruthlestiy attacked, and its liberties so greatly imperiled. Its enemies have obtaiocd posKcioti of the powers of tho Government, and wield them for its destruction. Applause and diKscnt I do not speak unadvisedly. I mean what I say. I do not impute bud motives, uor question tho sincerity of convictions, lhit 1 repeat it, tho men who aro in possession ol'tho Govern ment aro its enemies and it is their delib erate purpose to overthrow its Constitu tion and change its form. Continued cheers. Though I speak to a party mee ting to-day, I wish to speak in no narrow, bitter, sectarian ?nsc. Parties are inev itable whero opinion is fre. They aro necessary where opinion is to be carried into legislation. They are beneficial whon patriotism gives them direction, and mod eration curbs their xecW. Their disci pline and organization are thoconditbo of their vigor. My experience in life bogcta more and moro confidence in men's motives, and leads mc to expect the moat extravagant opinion. an to policy, combined with the purest aspirations for the public welfare. Attached tu tho principles and organiza tion of a great party myself, because my judgment apprises them, I expect to find equal zeal fr a like fjwl reason iu others. And, therefore, I deire not to wound sensibilities, but to appeal to the reason and cotwience aud judgment alone. The foundation of the Federal system, that which made its organization possible, and its administration beneficial, ia that the powers of the Government arc all granted, and. therefore, are limited that the Stales have equal rights and equal duties, arc equals in their relations to the Federal Government, and equals as sov ereign sclf-governstig States ; and yet we ce ten States not only deprived of all voice in the government of the Union, but deprived of all powers of self-govern ment, and tsubjecUid to the will of milita- ry commanders' And we are told this is an incident and consequence of the war ! Ict us ee. The war came upon us I will not trace its cauc, nor mark its progress avowedly it was a war on the one hide to withdraw from the Lnion; on the other side, to maintain it. Mr. Lincoln, Mr. Seward, Congress affirmed it. ''Armod force," said Mr. Lincoln, "had disturbed the practical relations of the States to the Federal Government. That force must be met and overcome, and then theso re lations will bo restored." "Let members of the Senate and of the House return and be welcome to occupy the seats which they left vacant," said Mr. Seward. "Tbe rights and dignity and equality of the States shall icmain unimpaired, said the resolutions of Congress. It would, perhaps, be too much to ex pect that in the midst of such a war pas sion should always be restrained by rea son, and all tho acts of government be kept within. Constitutional limits. Cer tain it is, many illegal acts were commit ted. The rights of individuals were tram pled on tho rights of tho States were disregarded. But theso acts wore strenu ously defended as being legal, or, at least, as being necessary. They were alleged to be incidental to a copdition of war, and would cease when tho war ceased. And if any of you ventured to suggest that this was not tho teaching of history, you were delicately called a copperhead, dis loyal ; and the idea that the object or ef fect of tho war would be to change the Constitution or system of government, was loudly and constantly denied. The war oame to an ond the armies of the Confederates woro defeated. The arm ed force was met and ovcroomo. Sher man and Johnston met in North Carolina. Their truce dispersed the forces of tho Confederates, and left in full operation the laws of tho Federal Government over all of the seceded States. This was tho logical conclusion of the war. No plan of reconstruction, no amendments to the Constitution were needed. This broko down every barrier to the legitimate ex ercise of Federal authority. This restor ed tho Union. This reinstated tho prac tical relations of the States. But it was instantly rejected. Then the President developed his plan of re construction. It consisted of an amend ment of tho State Constitutions repudia ting the Confederate debt, and abolishing slavery throughout the States. The States adopted it, and yet tho Union was not restored. " ' Congress proposed tho Constitutional amendment of 1866,-whereby tho States were to bo made to purchase peaco and powej? by the surrender of all control of the right of suffrage, and all objection tq the Civil Bights Will. ...... : And beforo these terms were fairly un derstood Congress propounded another plan j and to see that tho work; was well done the new Congress mot in etra ses sion on the 4th of March j and to fill up any crevice which time might . open through which one single ray of popular light might shine in upon the people, meets again in extra session on tho, Fourth of July. This plan abolishes the State govern- mcnts. It subjects the people to mere military despotism. It gives the right of suffrage to the enfranchised negroes, and takes it away from the whito man. It degrades the State governments from their equality in the Union, and from their po sition as protectors of the rights of their citizens. It subverts and destroys the Constitution of tho United States, and then holds out,to the people the hope that if. they will cheerfully acautcscc in theso things, if they will not only patient ly submit, but if they will with alacrity and zcalt and gratitude, appear too happy to submit to thexa, then unless Congress changes its mind unless another plan shall bo suggcstwl--uuk'SS tho confica cation of Mr. Stevens shall bo thought a fitting reward for supcr-sorviccable loyal ty they may be permitted tu lot npgroes elect and administer a State government over them, and choose member wha shall bo admitted to scats in thfe Senate and House of KrprcKentativQs, Cheors. And this is not all. The States thus held in military despotism, thus compell ed by tyranny, as relentless asevcr applied the rack or turned the fccrew, to change their own constitutions, are then to be ucd to amend tho Constitution of the United States, and to impose upou you in Minnesota, aud you in Wisconsin, and us in Ohio, a government which we do not approve. Three fourths of the States alone can amend the Constitution of the United States. Twenty-six States drive ten out of the Union. A majority of the twenty tix harms and opprca tho ten un til they consent to change their Corihtitu tion, admit negro suffrage, surrender all reserved powers, and yield implicit obe dience to their will. They will then ad mit them to the Union, and uc their con current vote to change? the Federal Con stitution w as to introduce negro suffrage and Fodcral interference iu all the Stats. Do I ht ate this too strongly ? Congress meets now in extra session at great trouble to members, and vast expense to the people and for what? For tho siugle, aimple. avowed purpose of conferring more absolute and despotic power u the military commanders. Gre4t heavens! Have they not caough power already ? The civil government, the tenure of office, the rules of trade, the maintenance of order, tbe administration of justice, the writ of lmhrit corjwt are suljecto4 to their will. Tho State of5 cers rouft obey them or they will be re moved. The courts u.ut render judg ment according to their dictation, or they will be closed. The Khcriff must cxe ecute the enaltie they prescribe, or a file of soldiers will take their places. And Congress meets to give them more power on tho eve of that very day when the colonies justified their separation from tho mother country on tho ground thai tho King had affected to render the mili tary independent of, aud superior to, the civil power. Continued Cheers. And they commence their workly ex cluding from Congree&s, without any good reason, without a decent pretext of palli ation , the representatives from Keutue- ky' ... And why is all this ruin wrought? Is it to punish trcasou and make it odious? These are intelligent men thev know human nature they have read history. They know that men will rebel when they have causes of discontent. They know that neither imprisonment nor stripes, nor exile, nor death, ret, train the people of Poland, or Hungary or Ireland from rebellion. They know that tho fear of these punishments will no more curb tho efforts than it will quench the aspirations for freedom. They know that treason is the protect of liberty against tyranny. Loud applauses. Is it to do justice to the negro and to accord to him the enjoyment of natural rights? , If tho negroes would assuredly vote with the Democratic party and thus re store it to power, would thesp gentlemen be so philanthropic and insist on negro suffrage as a condition of reconstruction? Cries of I'No, no, not much." Is suf frage a natural right? Where, then, is the authority to withhold it from the mi nor, from the women, from the alien? Life, liberty and tho pursuit of happiness are inalienable, and they are accorded to women, and minors, and aliens as well as men, and courts aro open for their scouri ty to all alike. Does suffrage stand on the same footing? The States have tho power to admit ne groes to vote, and they are counted in tbo election of Federal officers. Why not ar gue tho question before that tfibunal, and thus accomplish the purpose, if at all, in a constitutional manner ?, . ,.; No, gentlemen, thc?o arc not the pur poses of this plan of reconstruction. It is to revolutionize tho Government. It is to destroy the States. It is to build up a great central government. These Repub licans hate the Constitution. They hate limitations on power. They hate to com ply with forms. They cling to the idea of a strong centralized power. They want a government so framed that it will feel the least impulse of the will of tho major ity, and so strong that they may instant ly executo it. They prefer to confide to the absolute will of an unbridled and ir responsible majority tho life and liberty and property of the citizen rather than to the care and protection of the States. They think that because they control tho power of that 'majority now, they will wield it forever. They forget . that ten years ago they invoked the States to pass personal liberty bills to protect them from the power of the Federal Government. They forget that when power is jponfided, it is nsed.as, the passions Qf the times di rect, ! ' : ' !;:;'; ' -. '-'': v" 4 Thoy desirp alsq to introduce anew polit ical element into our system, and to hand over the absolute control of six States of the Union, the largest, wealthiest,, most productive of the Souh, to the lately en franchised negro. It is not a question .of negro voting only. It .is the absolute surrender of these States to tho control arid government of tlie n,cgroes. It is the transfer of political power to them. It is the substitution of their ignorance and in capacity and inexperience and passions for tho discipline and experience of the white man. It is the degradation of the Government to the level of those voters, anu tne destruction 01 the value ana pu rity of the ballot by conferring it so lavish ly on all sides. It is tho exacerbation and embittering of tho spirit of races by subverting their normal and accustomed positions and placing the intelligence and superiority of the one under tbe control of the members of the other. In ono word, the whole system of re construction advocated by the Republican party the test which they set up of loy alty and intelligence consists in the con solidation of the government, the confer ring of suffrage on the negro in all the States, and the absolute transfer to him of all the political power of six States. Is this wwe? Is it statesmanlike? Shall it be adopted? Will it restore peaco, and order, ond fraternal feeling, and stimulate industry to repair the rav ages of war? Wrill it conduce to that stability in legislation, that harmony in society, that hopefulness of ' the future, which are essential to a prosperous com munity ? I address you for the moment simply as Northern men, as a Northern commu nity. I leave out of view the feelings and wishes and interests of the people of the South. I make no appeal to your rense of justice, or your fraternal affection for men of our own lineage and race. I address the question to your immedi ate and personal and material inter ests. Will this policy conduce to your interests ? Will it tend to increase the prosperity and happiness of this commu nity? Will .Minnesota, will the North, be made stronger or freer or more con tented by pursuing to the very end this ehango of our governmental and political system ? Cries of " No, no." I have said this policy subjects six States to the domination of the negroes. They will have immediately the right of suffrage; they will have inevitably and necessarily the right to hold office; they will have greater political privileges than you confer upon women, upon your son3 who arc twenty years of age, upon educa ted and intelligent residents cf foreign birth : they will have a majority of voters. Will the laws of the Federal Government affecting this coromuuity be more benefi cent when they arc subjected to the influence of such voters? Will the pres ence of Otty members of the House and five Senators, elected by such constituen cies, inspire you with more confidence m the wisdom of the laws or the purity of me government: You arc an agricultural people. Your products are bulky; they follow natural ly the channel of cheap freights; your best markets are on the banks and at the mouth of the Mississippi river; your in terests require that the communities whom you feed should be rich and prosperous and populous; that their policy should ba peaceful and stable and wise; that their industry should be active, their civ ilization advanced, their laws effective. Your advantage is to be found not only in selling for money, but in making exchan ges for the products of their industry. Will the value or the plcasuae of your in tercourse be enhanced by this substitu tion of the negroes for tho whites in po litical power ? WTo are told that the interests of the North require harmony and repose ? and that to secure these we must have guar anteea against another rebellion. Will this change afford any guarantee? Will th negroes be always quiet and submis, sive and self-restraining ? Will they pos sess always a reverence for Federal law ? Has there been no rebellion, no revolu . w- . aa w t tion in liayti : lias .bogiana ima no trouble in Jamaica ? Or is it part of this plan of peace that they shall restrain the turbulence of the white race, and to bo to them a perpetual menace? Gnaranteo of peaco ? President Arista, in the height of his power, at the head of the Republic exclaimed, "Unhappy Mexico! she is doomed to the agony of perpetual anarchy by tho conflicts or her races. There can be no guarantee except jus tice, good government, absence of all caus es of discontent aye, even of discontent itself. And in the many wrecks which are strewn along the pathway of history, there is melancholy proof that even these will not always suffice. Eternal activity of the human intellect is tho condition of its vigor. Repose is stagnation stagna tion is death. We need not wonder that its ceaseless motion fails sometimes in an upward and onward step. Its efforts are the parent of all progress. Its struggles put all things to the crucial test. Its touch is the great dissolvant of comming led truth and error, and that it should sometimes stimulate to acts of apparent or even real ovils, to causeless rebellion against our good and wise Government, is but the badge of its human infirmity. , But suppose this work fully accomplish ed ; suppose the Government thoroughly consolidated ; suppose the constitutional amendments adopted, and reconstruction perfected on tho basis proposed. It will be strong enough to execute tho Civil Rights Bill, strong enough to execute the duties assumed to themselves now by the military, commanders. It will have a largo army and a large navy. Tho num ber of its civil employes will be increased, and they will be spread over aud through out the country, as well a3 collected at Washington. ; The power of the Presi dent will be vastly enhanced, and the sub jects of the attention of Congress will be ten fold multiplied, ; : J Will the Government bo better or saf er or more economical than the one we have heretofore had ? Will there be fewer taxes, or lighter burthens, or less corruption? ; The taxes collected by the Government last year were 6580,000,000. Will they be less ? The taxes collect ed by England amounted to $480,000,000. Tho taxes collected by France amounted to $390,000,000. You pay 8100,000,000 more than England, 190,000,000 more than, France. Do you want this excess: still greater? ' Franco has property, real and personal, as a taxable basis, : amouiog to forty ian has property, real and personal, to the amount of thirty-six thouaaTl millions. The United State have nsonertw tit' the same kind amounting to sixteen. tUou sand millions. France and England pay no more local taxes, while the people of in. i niinn .- I D T ntt in aiiiii f . ... I have rtated, pay for the State and coun ty and municipal taxes nearly two hun dred and fifty millions. Will this change. reauee our taxes: Do you believe our. financial system will be improved? I he national debt exceeds, twenty-five hundred millions and the annual inter est is not far from one hundred and forty millions. Each sixteen years the amount of interest ths paid is almost as great an the whole debt. Will this enormous debV be reduced? The capitall-is have two thousand miL lions of government bonds. They paid for them at an average of scarcely more, than fifty cents on the dollar. Their re-' ccivc interest in gold at six per cent, on their face. And yet they are exempt from taxation. Minnesota taxes the land and houses, and horses and money, and labor of her people; but she daie not touch wjth the profaning hand of her tax gatherer the fortunes of these gentlemen. Y ill their numbers be diminished, or the amount of their non-taxable investments be reduced? Three hundred milliona and more of these bonds are in the hands of the own ers of National banks. They deposit them asnmgion ana a raw, semi-annually, me luicresi in go.a. Aney receive irom the Treasury an almost equal amount of bank notes, and these they lend out to tho people at six, or eight, or fifteen percent, as the necessities of commerce or the con dition of tbe borrower make him a fit sub ject for such demands. The manifest in terest of the people is, that the bonds be redeemed ia Isgal tender notes. The in terest on these bonds would thus be far ed, and the currency, if any i3 needed, would thus be furnished free of cost to the people. Will this be effected? Such a consolidated government as I have described would furnish the hey-day of the speculator, the stockjobber, of all those waiters on fortune who live by their wits on the labor of other men. But leaving these considerations, and raising to a higher icvel of argument, I ask you is this policy worthy of our country ? Will it extend the liberty and increase the happiness of the human family ? Will it lay deeper nd broader the foundation of our Government? The woumls of war are still agape. In the North they are not yet healed, In the South they are fresh and bleed ing. There the industrial system is destroyed, the social fabric is shatter ed, the commercial prosperity is utter ly gone, families are broken up, neigh borhoods are depopulated, agriculture is forsaken, fields laid waste, and fam ine actual starvation carrying many to their graves. The track of the wheels of tho chariots of war are worn so deep that a century will not efface them. The North has conquered their armies ; shall it not also now conquer their hearts? Loud applause. Tho highest duty of patriotism, the chief- i i. ui a calm the passions and allay the exas- peration, and, if it were possible, tff efface the very memory oi the war. This policy of reconstruction adds dis honor to defeat, adds the eting of deg radation to tho bitterness of submis sion. A Radtpal New England Sena tor refused to permit the trophies of the war or the paintings ' pf victories to be put in the Smithsonian Institute lest they might keep up unhappy mem ories and nourish bitter, resentment ;' but with refinement of cruelty he ex hibits them in the laws and perpetu ates them in the institutions witl which he would govern the people. They tell us we need a strong govern merit, that we need to clothe the nation with power to execute its wills- Strong C I. - i 9 TT t iL. T? Swom been strong enough ? Has it not execu? ted its civil and criminal 'law ? Has it . not waged successful war both of offense and defense ? Has it not bv force of arms overcome a gigantic rebellion, and fo years sustained a most exhausting civi war ? Has it not had the power to pre serve order at home and maintain, its po sition in the world? Has it - not been strong enough to protect the rights, : alas, strong enough to jeopardize the liberties of its citizens f History tells us that confederation is liberty that consolida-' tion is despotism mat a conieaerauoa is tho strongest government for defense, and the weakest for oppression. A Govern ment which holds in its hand the power to preserve order, to enforce justice, to make and administer all the local law ap plicable to thirty millions ot people, and thus to "enter into the details ot their dair ly life, has that hand mailed in iron, and may lay its weight upon and crush out their liberties. A government whose power is so con centered is ruined, if it is defeated, in a single battle; or if the various ohorxU pf power are nojt all closely gathered in, one strong grasp. If power be dispersed among many local governments, equal and indenendent. exeent thev are bound in confederation, it never passes beyond. the; control of the people, so far as to op press them ard if disasters come, it pre sents many organized fronts, and rallying points around which armed" forces eau cluster, and discipline and order be main tained. The Prussian, army was conquer ed at Jena and Auerstadt, and consoli dated Prussia was almQst obliterated from Europe. The Russian array wasstruck at Evlau and overwhelmed at Freidland, and Russia submitted to the" dictation of peace. - . Tbo Czar, acd Napoleon divided tas ext page,