-: f v ,.
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VOL, l.
ALBANY, LINN COUNTY OHEGi ON, SATURDAY, M ARCH 17, 1800.
047
STATE 1UGIITS DEMOCiUTJ
IX AL.BAXV, MXX COIXTY, OUX.
' J"A-S O'MEARAj
; tlt, usher and editor.
Sce-ti bne Ety Buil-tin? on the
street nzszag from the Rivor by the
rTt lr laV.I!ast ia- Two Clocki
rBVe aia Baainesa ttreet.
TEUMS :
' C 2 rOJJ SUBSCRIPTION I -
1 SttS 5'OIJ for Venr - - - S3
OKtoij Ibrsu Jlonlh - .$3
JJrv'?"t '" roa' i"" ailvtt'iw in every
4 The l'a;r wi'l mt be ptit t an? mblrvss
, -Qlws onlwne,. anthe term f.u- bith it shall bp
4 ier be rai4 fur. No H.parinrc viil It mude
from tkrte ten, f 0 iu-tmc.
-? Titc! prior notice will l.o civrn to
Vh ubwnlxr of the wR on which his uh-
nnnafcato, co iair.auiii wUi the moncv, 1
ti Papr win be dLv.'aued to tha
rci ABVERTISl?? C i
Far One Sq-jii c, ef Twelve Lines, or
Less. Ocs Insertion - - - $
'Jser A Liberal Redaction froia thesH
.
Rate ta Quarterly, lislf Yearly and
Ytftrly Advertisers, and upon all Lengtliy
Advertisement!, will bo made.
V'-:".- GEKERAi NOTICE! ,
Correffioadeist writias; oxer as.-'ttincd signature?
or nonymott!y, must make know a their proper
aamesto lli? E iitor, or no attention vlTi be given
to their etiBUDHnii-atioBsr.
A!i Letter and Oomnmnieal 5n, whether a
bosine or for. pnbUcatioa, ehoalJ be addressed to
tHa Eilirr.
CRAKOR & HELM,
ATTSmiS AX9 CCOSELLORS AT iltf
" ' "AtUAXlT, Oregon.
COUNSEI.LOR AT LAW,
" Will practice in ihs ?nrr:or and Inferior
' . Ccrarfi of Oirgnn.
OFFICE at bi resldeaee. cne mile from Albany.
February 17 lSOi. . .
S. BCILAT
Tt. S Kf.SNtT
HKE..FY
ATTORNEYS AKD COUNSELLORS,
OREGON CITY.
articular Attetira given t Land
-Ciicss and Land Titles.
Oregon City, Oa., Dee. 20. IS65.
' ; a. f. wheeler,
'NOTARY PV8LIC.
v Albany, Oregon.
"fTTflLL PROMPTLY ATTi:I TO THK
f writTns: and tivkiiir mtaowl..lfnniBf of
l)d, MorTira-iK. en-1 Pawcrt ef Ailoraej'. Also,
lXp::i !'.s, AiSdavifs. Jte is. ...... ,
OFFICE In tha :w Court House.
AlbaagrK Jannary 27, lSnd. .
DR. ii. W. GRAY,
SURGEON DEfatlST,
Lsre Graduate of ti e
Cincinnati Coikga of
Cental Sorgery,
Would asin off?r bis Professional scrvieej to tl
eiSscns '-ot thi pl tad eumiondrag euctry.
OrrvTE p stair ia Foster's liriefc feuilding.
Besideace alon;f'de of the Pacific IlottL
Albany. Angast Hth, IK05. angl 4tf
:E. W. TRACY t CO.,
(StOOCSSORS'Tb TRACY KINO.)
THE HIGHEST PMCE PAID FOR
GOLDcCUSTi LEGAL .TENDERS, ETC.
2IIXIXG STOCRS BOIGHT AD
OFFICE--oS Front street, first door
norta f -Arrltrorirs ,3 s ; ' . . : .
Portland, Deo. 20, 186$. '
mERisrr& hooian
PORTLAND, OGN.
Sstatfe, Commercial and
. . y.S. stooSi nrokers;. , -; . ,
Gest'cral Intclll?reaice and Col
- Icclioa Agents.
. V .
CFFICE Jft-SO rieasrr Blotk, Front Street
PenUuid.' Dec. 201S55.
' piiBSi;iITH:BROS.
i JMPOItTEIlS AND DEALERS IX
7ATCniS "i. AND; JEWELRY,
:nL,r.:o:;nsr gold akosilver ware,
3IILTTARY GOODS,
, CLOCKS, &c, ic,, &c.
,Xo. -D3 Front Street, Portland.
(OF SAX FEAXCISCO CALIFORNIA,)
Will fcttend ia iieroon to tV
JTVesacntioa of Claizns Arisin in Oregon
Aad to tlie St'ttlcrBoat of AeoooDta 'wIUi tb
STAT.;TP.AS33Y.WAR. KAYT ftND POST CFFICE
: - CEFARTT.1EKTS. . "
i ":' T's:e iscias' euseau. lAxa ca patent office.
l-arsons having Tusincs eau bays H promjatly
tended to, and. oblia iufuna&uuu from time ta
as, i dcairod. ....
Aj)BSXes So. 476 EETESTII STREET.
WASHINGTON CITY, D. C. n2S
- JUST RECEIVED ! f I
- :BIiret.' .From lae. ReSnery 1 .
rtf"I5F' BARRELS. SAN FBAX
ij ciseo EcSiiei Sugar.
" "' " " ALSO - - . : ,
-we ar selllsg
sry cjicaj.
Atony,- StptemW 3, ' r i
ri BLIC SCHOOLS A M IHIJ3,!r
omii:.
Wo copy the following excellent article
from the New York Freeman's Journal,
and commend it.- leading sentiments to
the attention of ever)- parent, ami to
readers generally. What the writer says
is as applicable iu Oregon as in New York:
Mr. S. S. Randull has published bin
annual Report," as Superintendent of
the Public Schools of New York. 31 r.
Randall is not a man to learu anything
from acts that reflect in3veitly on the
system of which he is a prominent official.
He deals, as in former vearsl in lamenta
tions over the progress of vice and crime,
and the non-attendance of children on the
Public Schools. He argue? away, as it
the latter was the result of the former.
The jacts arc, that a very small percent
atre of all the more serious crime against
pcr-on and property are committed by
th'NO that have not the instruction the
Public Schools proles to give. Have
the crimes of adultery and abortion that
have been before the courts during the
last year, been committed by persons that
did not know how to read and write ? Oi
1.1 - i n i
nie assas.-mat ions ami dauiy assaults pjii-
tefrutcd, a larger nuuiber. in proportion.
Iuve been by those tLat knew how to
reuJ and write. When we come to crimes
ngaitist property, the niiiiit?r, and. ijo
cialh', the aggravation of these, take
hugcr proportions agaiust those that have
had school instruction. The tot illy un
lettered may, bore and there, have stolen
some old article of clothin-jr. or a few
t'Oiwnj. or a dollar or so of S. 1. V. greet.-
bac ks. These jxKir wretches are awkward
in the.;r roguery, and are readily detected.
The roof ignorant man or woman that
tries to uiae off with a few pounds of
provision? frt -u a grocery, or a pair of
woollen stockings irom a dry-gooas shop,
is caiiv caughf, an quickly puniihed.
They have nut the "education" to lit
them for studying the '"Rogue's Manual,"
nor ta read the police reports, iu the
papers that publish such.
Rut vlto are the thr rsf Are any of
them untaught in the lore of the I'ublie
Schools? Y hare hid rather a start
ling arr3v, the past 3'ear, of gigantic
swindles and robberies, by Rankers an J
Rank-clerks was it for hick of having
the instruction professed to be given in
the Public Schools ? Is any one so fool-i.-h
as to suppose that the organized pings
of pick-pockets, burglars, aad high-way
robbers that infest this city a:e mt 'edu
cated." up ta the Public Sch.-nd mark?
Pooh! such would be too stupid to aid in
1 these highly advanced pursuits of civil
ized communities! Those who cannot
read an 1 write must plod on iu the
j humblest "spheres of honest industry, or.
u roi'Ctsh. make a ccrserste Hnu.? tto
'hx'tty piberlng. School instruction ena
bles the rojrue to, strike incompar'abiy
heavier blows at the public, and, al, In
most cases, to escape detection. Or," if
caught, it is in so grand a thieving as to
excite the admiration and sympathy of
the great financiers. So it was with the
young. Kelt-hunt, when he was "Ketehed"
himself. His k' Public Schooling," and
private schooling, enabled him to steal by
the minion ! There was a 'f U(nc-f, rl!n
among other great financiers, that soft-!
cned his lot for him, and even that misr-l
nifiecnt financier, "thaty keeping, (by bis
school-learning') wifhin a statute lur hi
ease 'made and provide J though by a
plain and palpable violation of the funda
mental law the Constitutions-while he
did the people out their hard money, and
gave them for it nothing but S. P. C-
Shin PlaMer Currency", irredeemable ex
cept in other shin-plasters he. S. P.C,
Salmon P. Chase, in his new position as
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of
the I nited States, petitioned Governor
Fen ton -not to let so hopeful a young
Treasurer as Ketcbum go to State Pris
on ! There is an example of what "Pub
lic Schooling ", can effect for the morals,
and for the security of the people. It
gives power, without moral principle. Jt
gives intellect without conscience. It piles
gunpowder among the combustibles of a
mart of commerce.
Ketehum's is but one of a long array of
robberies and thefts that have occurred
within the year, to the extent of shaking
public confidence in our uionied institu
tions. Mr, Randall, we" suppose, puts
them down to the want of Public Schools.
If smaller rogues, liaving learned to read
and cvphcr, have studied the doctrine of
chances, and are tempted to " try their
luck " in narrower spheres, we suppose
Mr, Randall will put all their mishaps
down to the score of their not having
attended the " Public Schools." Rut
thoughtful men will conclude that read
ing, writing, cyphering, and all the rest
that ' the ' Public Schools " profess to
teach, can only make a rogue more dan
gerous, by giving ,hiui more expertness.
Facts authorize ns to go farther.
Within the circle of our own observation
in the last twenty. years, in tliis city, we
have noticed the debauchiuj; influence of
these schools on many children. Can it
be a matter of surprise? Men of true
virtue and , most, estimable women, are
yet. as heretofore, . teachers . in these
' Schools." Some of them have had sore
trials ia keeping their places, against'' the.
general corruption of the system. But
public scandals, and many scandals that
have been hushed up, have proved that,
within the period of our personal observa
tion, lewd women, kept by persons influ
ential ia the Board of Education, have
been teachers iu these 'Public Schools"
Ia it strange if young ,girls, sent to such
places, become immodest?, And,, no
matter what the good character of the
teachers, the more potent influence is that
of association with the pupils. "Where is
the guard possible, in this respect, in 6o
niiled a community, where by the law,
and by justice, "if the " Public School"
system be correct, the child that lives in
a brothel has the rxglit to come and sit
beside the child that virtuous parents are
striving to cducati in the tender and un-
conscious puntjyor a christian family !
:.l Ji
With this simple statement, ws might
reftfe to argue, and only protest, an 1 de
nounce the system.
- JSiit, is it. so many months tiiiee the
daily paper in Chicago of far largest cir
eulatiun, called .public attention to the
fact that the i! Public Schools ".of that
city had become hot-beds of vice that it
had gone so far that "any boy-of four
teen years nttetiding them was looked
on as a 'spooney' if he had' not a laisson
with some of the girls?' And did not
leading daily papers in Indiana and Ohio,
commenting on this horrible deehtraiion,
assert that the cities in which they sever
ally published, afforded grave reasons fur
drawing attention to the same tendency ?
YV ere our communities homogeneous in
matters of faith and morals, ami wore
they so small and segregated that leading
citizens could exert a constant mil per
sonal supervision over them, ve are not
such a doctf Vf as to push the theory
of what we know to be right principles.,
to the subversion of n ejLsitiug system
of Slate, or " Public Schools." Uut our
communities being wh it they are, made
up of families widely differing from each
other in regard to principles crowded
together the vicious and the virtuous
into houses adjacent, ami of etjual out
ward show of decency the attempt at a
plan of a rommon education of their
children in promiscuous schools, is mon
strous and outrageous.
The ' Common " or ' Public School "
system is. at present, an established thing
established at a prodigal cos;, and ex
hibiting small result?, even iu those ends
at which it professes to aim. It is not to
declare any immediate war upon it 1 v
to!uical action tnat we write. It is to
recew our protest against it. ns a usurpa
tion, at'i a outrage ; and to give right
thinking 'uen matter to consider or to
give expression to the sentiments they
already enter.'-ain. We repeat, then, the
thesis we have so long maintained.
I. It is ho more the hnsinc of the
" Government," of tlu State, or of the
City, to take into its hands -he srhi,Jt,j
of the children of families, in it is to
provide for feeding, or clothing" them.
Children should be ins! rutted and edu
cated. Thoy should, clso. be fed an-J
clothed. Their schooling, like their feed
ing and clothing, should be loft as a duly
incumbent ou their parents, or natural
guardians. The child belongs to the fam
ily not to the State ; and the State has
n business with the child, except where,
by bereavement of parents, or their mis
conduct, the chil l becomes, actually, au
outcast.
II. At the present stage of our society,
especially in our large cities, the aband
oned children, like the orphans, would be
much better educated and taken care of
ly the spontaneous charity of the benev-Oit-it.
wtfaitucJ into Voluntary Societies
for the purpose, than they arc now, by
political enactment, aud oliicial interfer
ence. .
III. There is no more right in the
State Government to tax Ihe whole 'com
munity for the schooling of children of
parents able to provide fur it, than there
is to make the vlolh inj of all the child reu
of families, (in a uniform, or summon
dress,) or their feeding, (on a uuiform
diet,) a burthen to lie borne in common,
by a levy on the property of all citizens.
whether parents or not
IV. Practically, professing . cnlv to
teach reading, writing, cyphering, and
the like, the " Public School" system has
been a skillfully handled engine, under
tjie management of New England Puritan
associations, to undermine the Christian
faith, and to subvert the political princi
ples and traditions of uu wary popula
tions.. 1 hese propositions we maiutainc. J six
teen years ago, when we fought against
the extension of the Public School; plan
throughout "the State of .New York. We
maintain them jiow. Events have proved
wo were correct. We submit them ' to
our readers aud urge their serious '- con
sideration. Calhoun ox "Nationality-." Iu
the year 1819, the great South Carolina
statesman attended divine service at a
village Episcopal church, near w here he
was sojourning. The late Bishop Gads
den officiated, who used a special prayer
composed by him in reference to the then
prevailing cholera; and the gentleman
who accompanied by Mr. Calhoun savs
that he sat up perfectly erect when fie
heard the word " nation " used in it;
which, by the way, occurred frequently in
the Bishop's sermon.. After the services
were ovei" and he. had shaken bauds with
all his neighbors, the two got into a buggy
and star led for home. " Nation !" u na
tion I" " nation !" repeated Mr. Calhoun,
ag if to himself. 4;lt is strange that a
man like Gadsden, who ought to know
better, would uso such a word. There is
no truth, no real meaning in it.- All such
things tend to consolidate the Govern
ment, and produce a wrong impression.
Gadsden k'l's better. When the Con
stitution was formed the word national
was not used. Gen. Washington cover
used it, nor did the founders. They
speak of the 'General Government,' 'the
Government of the Federal Union,' btrt
struck out 'nation' in all places ; and the
preamble of the Constitution reads, 'We.
the people of the United States.' . We
are not a nation, and the word was never
heard of until recent years. Union
should be the word ; but there ia a word
wanting. People''" speak of a national
song. Union sons would be one mode of
expressing it. Deumark, Sweden, &c,
are nations. Russia -is not a nation it
is : an Empire. -American will be the
word in time."
' Had Lincoln lived ten years longer his fu
neral could have been held in any church find
not overcrowded it. But he died hy the hand
of violence. He was made a martyr, and
he, hot Booth, reaped the- benefit, of that fatal
transaction. : : .'. ' ,' -
The Dubuque Herald charges that Gov.
Stone is a defaulter to the State of Iowa to
the amount of eighty thousand dollars.
WHO WAS XEI'Tl'XE?
Neptune was the son of Saturn and
Rhea, and the brother of Jupiter and Plu
to. His father v.as soxtravagantly fond
of him that he, had him for his breakfast
the morning ho was born. Most fathers
would have f.-lt badly at the early demise
of their child. Saturn did. but it was on
by because of Indigestion. He did hot
take the 'matter ai heart at all. but rather
to the place where the whale took Jonah.
As we havo said. Saturn was a good deal
hurt at the filial ingratitude of Neptune
in refusing to digest, and at last lu for
cibly ejected him from his premises.
Saturn made a digest of the laws passed
by the legislature, besides a number of
j tough and ridiculous things, and he bad
not ant:cipated any trouble m
away a iriflinsi little deity or two
stowing
hen Neptune was released, lie joined
with his brothers in their rebellion against
their stern parent, and was the object of
particular jsalred oil . the part of Saturn.
The indignant old gentleman struck at
hiui a large number of times, but his mu
sical faculty was poorly developed, and he
never could strike a tune ot any kiud.
Nep or otherwise. '
Saturn was time itself, and at the end
of fourteen days he of course became too
week to make any further resistance, and
j had to sut'cuuib.
j When the crusl war was over, he be
jcamo saturnine, and refused any comfort
j or in fact bed-clothes of any' kind, but he
was not left out in the cold by a great
deal.
J upher confined him to Turtarus, where
he languished iu hopeless imprisonment,
although Jupiter, when he assumed the
Presidency, did not enlarge upon the fact
that treason is a crime, and must be pun
ished ; he made noarrangements for grant
ing -pardons: by the tiitsntity. Beside, he
did not wish to conciliate, but to puui-di,
whether the guilty jarty was worth "i'J.
OdJ scudi or not. But then his term of
office was f or life, so there was no necessb
ty for providing for re-election.
The universe was divided by a sort of
rule of three between the brothers. Nep
tune took a notiou to .the ocean, and pro
ceeded to scire the seas". He proclaimed
himself monarch of all he surveved. How
ma.'.y acres that was is not stated, but it
is hktJv he surveyed' enough for his im-
mcuiate i esideiice, as it would have been
almost impossible to have measured the
whole ocean. Neptune, built himself a
splendid palace beneath .the wave. All
the wood work was made of sea-der, and
painted iipultra marine. Jt had nearly
ail the modern conveniences ; although
there, was no gas, he had water all over
the house. Mother-of-pearl was engaged
for his housekeeper. Neptune helped to
do the heaviest part td' the building him
self, for ah hough not by any means a
pow erful god. he hadu good deal of muscle.
Neptune was rather a good looking de
ity. He isjrcpre-en!ed on ancient gems
as scudding! over the sea in a half shell,
under bare 'poles, with a mere trifle as to
garuieuia, upon his person. Ho carried a
three pronged hay-fork in his haud, w hile
dolphins and uievmeu gamboled around
hint.- From the fact that Pharaoh was
lost in the Rod Sea, it is not unlikely that
they may hive found him. and made U'uu
their game. Tlus is only surmise, how
ever. Nuptune was married to two or throe
wives. ' lie was 'jnite fearless of the per
ils of matrimony; Being in the wean all
the time, he knew that there was no dan
jrer of ettiue itito "but water on account
Of It. ; ,. .
Hii favorite spouse was Amphitrite.
She had two children ; Triton was the
older, He waa uiade his father's trum
peter, lie was by no means a violent god,
but he freqiieutiy came to blows, although
it is not stated what he. did when he got
them. Ho performed with some taste on
the conch-shell,- and waa the patron deity
of caual boatmen. ' Some one has stated
that his favorite air was " Sheik of the'
Ocean," but j,his is vpry likely a poor gag,
as Triton lived under water, and had uo
air of any kind, aud the sougwas written
by Socrates long afterward. -
Triton had a sister named Rhoda; who
was wooed by the Sun God. aud won, iu
the form of a water-spout. , Not the tin
kind, however, that adorn the ouUlde of
d we Hi ug houses. .' ,
Another of Neptune's wives was Ipho
media. She had two sons niarripd, Olus
and Ephialtcs, who were giants in those
days, and probably would have been in
these if they had lived.' "
These precocious i and fistine urchins,
wheu they were uimijears, old, attempt
ed to scale heaven by piling the Tessalian
mountains on each other. Their father
wisely ordered them to desist, so they
contented themselves by scaling the finny
creatures who sported in the back yard.
, i The Cyclope Polyphemus was the son
of Neptune and Thoosa. This interesting
young man was chieflly remarkable for
liavinjr only one eye, which detracted
somewhat from the beauty of his general
appearance,' but it was on the whole rath
er economical, as he had to pay only half
price for spectacles,, and he could not by
the remotest possibility become cross-eyed.
lie studied blacksmithing for a profes
sion, and taking lessons in blowing from
Triton, he eventually ' became quite pro
ficient at the belkws. The same qualifi
cations would have fitted him for ft politi
cian, but ha wished to be an honest and
respectable: god, sq he refused (q enter
tain the idea.' t - ; ; : .Vf, ; V
Ifcptune did some good things in his
time. .It is said ihat he and Minerva con
tended for the right to name the city of
Atheus, and the; gods declared in favor
of the one who should produce the' article
most useful to man. - " ;
Neptune struck the earth with his tri
dent, and forth sprang a horse, while Mi
nerva produced an olive branch It was
decidted, in her fav:or, and very rightly,
for .although horses may .be useful for rid
ing and sausage making purposes, what
would have been the -condition of the
earth had there been , no olive oil to put
Neptune was considerably fiffectcd by
this decision, and turned aside to hide
his emotion, although there was really no
necessity for it, as the gods would not
have stolen it, each one having quite
enough of his own.
The horse was very good in leeway,
however, au 1 Neptune multiplying itm,
took the quotient and established a corps
of horse tnarincs.
Many persons have supposed that
Spring. Summer, Autumn, and Winter
were the children of Neptune, This is
not the case, for although they are called
Sea-sons, the name is a modern one, and
has no allusion to their parentage.
Another
of Kecretnrj
Orders.
Statilon'N
A letter froth New Orleans refers in
indignant terms to an order of Secretary
Stanton, and the mode in which it is enr-
ri -d but in that city, ns 8lkm:
Tu "ive you an idea of the spirit and
temper exhibited , toward this people by
that bloodlcss demagogue and white-haired
creature who fills the Pepnrtineiit of War
at Washington, let me advert to a sitijrle
order which is put forth daily on the
streets ,(' tbii city. Of course, since the
surrender, an immense number of poor
. oineiierates have Hocked to tins city.
many of them having no homes to go to.
many on their . way to other States.
v nen iney arrive nere incv nave no
other clothes but the plain, coarse domes
tie which they wore as uniforms iu the
Confederate service. They would will
ingly abandon their tattered and stained
garments if they could get others, but
are, of course, iuytinably moneyless.
x iiey iKo care, iroui coussueration oi
pronrictv. taste and resvect for the Fed
t r.il authority, tu strip iroui their clothes
nil military insignia; but the only buttons
they have by which to fasten their clothes
are the military button, which are slmost
identical with those worn, by the Federal
officers. Now, here comes an order from
Stanton, directing the tubordiuutcs of the
army to' stop on the street every man
wearing these buttons, and have them cut
off on the spot. And this is done every
hour of tho day is the streets yf the city.
Gallant men, scarred veterans who have
attested -their valor on a hunched battle
fields, are roughly arrested ou the high
ways and byways, and there, in the pres
ence of crews of gaping spectators, are
required by some upstart from Vermont,
or by some negro sergeaut, to cut off their
buttons aud hand them to the individual
in blue and gold. One oor fellow, yes
terday, in delicate health, who was sub
jected to this indignity, begged that he
might be allowed to retain the top button
of his coat, to protect his breast from the
severe norther that was blowing. , lie
was refused. The order was imperative.
Oh! what a base order this U! How that
man sifd all his friends must love and
venerite the Government and the people
who treat him with such generous kind
ness and magnanimity.
The Fhekdmkn's Bcreau. A cor
respondent in the South, writing to a
Western paper of the many evils attend
ant upon the Frecdmen's Bureau and the
system of lalior under it, says :
Besides tho-potentates' mentioned, we
have another who assumes absolute con
trol of the labor of-the State. This is
General Baird, of the Freed men's Bureau,
who: has issued orders' njiiu!lingi!l the
contracts made by the-pdnnters for next
year contracts' made in strict conformity
to the military regulations of the time
aud duly registered. This action and his
absurd regulations in regard to future
contracts lias thrown our labor again into
confusion, and the planters are all iu the
debpicst despondency about the futuic.
Just think of regulations which make it
obligatory upon the' planter to assign a
halt acre for a garden for each laborer,
nild to furnish him' lodging, fuel, clothes
and rations, which will amount to three
hundred dollars, iper aunuui besides his
wages, w hich nro to bo paid monthly, and
the education "of his children.' If you
coulij visit Our State, and go upon the
plantations, ;your first impression and your
fixed ;and last- conviction would be that
the Frceeuien's Bureau is the most, dia
bolical and accursed institution that was
ever "p ut into operation in a civilized com
munity, and that its inevitable result will
be to ruin and destroy the rac for whoso
protection it was created, -
Taxation without Representa
tion. "Taxation, without representa:
tion " was what our liberty-loving ances
tors of the Ito volution resisted "in a seven
years : nevoic strire witn tnc ' gigantic
power or England. ; " laxation without
representation ". was wlvit tho British
torieis in England and here sought to im
pose upon the American Colonies. This
was the prime cause of' the Revolution.
The Radicals of "to-day have placed our
Govern mont-in precisely the position to
ward the South that 'England held toward
America , in ;.I770-'76; and tha Soqth in
precisely the position toward; the Govern
ment that the Colonies held toward Eng
land fat that time. ' They deny represen
tation in; Congress to the. South, .while
insisting, upon the payment of taxes by
her people, They thusoccupy the ground
of the.' British tories;, and ,the South, in
demanding - representation, Virile willing
to resumetheir just sTiare of the burdens
of Goyefhment," is ; placed by the Radt.
cals on the ground neld by the patriots
of ; tha Re volution. In this phasa of our
internal -contest, it ia not stang that
thoughtful ami patriotic people should
sympathise with the South and seek to
aid tlieim Tn scouring their rights.--Day-ton
(Ohio) Empire. - - ;
The negroes held a largo mass meeting at
Sol ma, Alabama, in which they passed reso
lutions complaining . that , .tho negroes were
every dav robbed and beaten by men wear
ing the lederal uniforms, and they also say
they have appealed for protection, and none
has been given. They, therefore, appeal to
the Mayor of Selina, and the . commanding
officer of thq district, for immediate relief,.
Fr.tii ttip (.'iaeiuiiit!" Enquirer.
Till! Fl Tl ItE tOSSTIT! TIOX.
When the Constitution of the United
States shall have been amended,' accord
ing to the plans of the party in power, it
will consist of two distinct parts : apart
to which all the Slates have voluntarily
assented, and part imposed upon home
of them by a process of compulsion. In
other words, several of the States and
their people will be holden bound to obey
provisions in whose adoption they bore
no part not having been allowed to act
either against them or in their favor
and this while force is interposed to pre
vent n withdrawal from their jurisdiction.
Under the old ideas of liberty, such as
grew out of the revolutionary struggle,
and were embodied iu the Declaration ol
I lii1Mi!.fllleilf flirt r,ljl "ill. ia fit" trli'w.l, it-..
and our ancestors have been so boastful;!? exffn1 ,H? rations of this bureau to
for three or four venerations: and wbifli.l
uulil within a few years,, to call in question
would have been pronounced almost trea
sonable, this would have been called tyran-
Lny, and the condition which it established
a titppotisjii. The undent maxima of po
litical freedom taught that however be
nign iu itself, aud .apparently useful a
measure might lie, it could not sanction
the employment ef injustice to give it the
form of law;- and that the wisest devices
would be utterly vitiated if force were used
for their establishment.
The process now in hand is that of ad
ministering doses of political medicine to
patients tied down beyond the power of
resistance. The theory of the polities!
doctors of tho times is, that if can only be
forced down it will do its work. But that
which may be true iu therapeutics, is not
true in politics. The mode of adminis
tration is, in the latter, a part of the char
acter of the thing administered, and will
adhere to it. No time can sanction an act
of injustice. No multiplication of wrongs
can make a right. The people who are
not parties to the making of a govern
ment are not parties to the government
that is made ; and this, which is not deem
ed to be true iu respect to governments as
a whole, is equally true in respect to every
part, institution and provision of which it
is composed. -
The means which are employed to nnife
the North, in which the work of trusting
a code of constitutional law upon the South,
are among the worst features of the affair.
In a single word, these means are slander.
Now, wheu the war is over, and when it
is of the utmost importance, in every point
of view, that the angry passions generat
ed by it rshmild subside, the journals of
the party in power are laboring, by every"
form of misrepresentation aud abuse, to
increase the irritaticu. The average Re
publican editor and demagogue seems to
thiuk it beneath him to speak of the
Southern people except as traitors Claim
ing to have obtained a great victory, and
to be in the cnjoyuicut of a signal tri
umph, they exhibit nil the mean and nar
row vindictivoness of a party that has
been half whipped, and has not got more
thau half what it deserved. The airs and
manners of the party, as seen through its
journals and the speeches of its politi
cians, and those of the bully and the cow
ard, who has accidentally overcome his
antagonist, but is still afraid of, him. The
word chivalry has often been used against
the South as a term of derision: hereaf
ter the North will need no affidavits to
prove that it has little of the spirit of true
chivalry in its composition ; for theoccu
patiou and the enjoyment cd the party in
power, and the only one in which the ap
petite seems to grow with the indulgence,
is that of kicking a fallen enemy.
, We may call this process of , holding
down tho South, while legal fetters are
being riveted upon it, establishing the
Union, but it is not establishing the Union.
It is virtually making one law for one part
of the Union, and one class of the States,
and another for another. It is destroying
liberty and trampling upon right in the
name o'f liberty and right. It is making
the people of the South an oppressed peo
ple, and perpetuating the evidence of their
oppression in tho bighest and most solemn
formin the organic law of the land. It
is imposing upon them and their posterity,
for all time to come, a moral obligation to
revolt. It is generating issues that will
endure as long as the causes endure, to
disturb every question, obtrude into every
measure, and form the center of perpetu
al dangers aud agitations.
National Bebt. The " Occasional " j
of the S. F. Bulle'tin, writing from New j
York, thu3 refers to tha National Debt.
Had he put the amount at four thousand
millions he would have hit the mark.!
The funded debt is already over twenty-j
eight hundred millions. Ihe States war
debt, the telegraph announced the other
day, was five hundred millions, while the
outstanding greenbacks and legal tenders
are not less than seven hundred millions:
When State claims are all audited and
funded the debt will amount to considera
bly over 3,000,000,000. This debt is a
first mortgage on every man's property.
Divided out, it would be a tax on every
man that would frighten him if he had to
assume his proportion of it as a private
debt. ' In the lump nobody fears it, be
cause nobody cares to understand it thus.
Take New York 'city. It is estimated
that every man's sfhare of national, State
apd city debt amounts to $1,000. for the
payment of which there is a lien on all of
his earnings. Nine years ago Helper
published a book called -The Crisis, (a
scarce work niw)r. If 1 remember, he
put down all the wealth of New York
State at 1,800,000,000; say the wealth
or all Pennsylvania was $1,200,000,000.
This would make the two States worth,
if sold out at their valuation, 3,000,000,-
000, or a little less than the national debt.
All New England, put under the auction
eer's hammer, would not probably pay up
what the war has cost. All the States
lately in rebellion certainly would not.
The daughter of a wealthy farmer of Sa
line county, Missouri; loped a few days ago
with a. negro..
ri:s:i:Dwr:vs m nr. a r mi.?..
Some idea mnv be formed of th nature;
L.f it, !.',,, i .'. i, , i :m i,.i
vctocd by Prc.-.ideut Johnson, by the fob'
lowing remarks, which were mi.de upon
it by .Mr. Saulsbttry of Delaware, in tk3
Scuate when the motion was made to en
large the powers of the Bureau ,
Mr. Saulsbury took the floor. He had
not intended when he - auif to the Senate
I tlis- session to participate in debates rrla-1
ting to slavery, but the Senator from Uli
iioisfMr. Trunibulll bad said the otVr
day that there was a noccw'ny iu DefiN
ware for the operations of this bureau.
On the 3d of March last Congie.-s passed
an act to establish the Frecdmen's Bu
reau. It was not deemed liecessarr- their
i-iaies not in rot.eiiiori.
alt bough, war
j.'0'
1 in the land; but : nicetss has
crowned the" cffoits of the persistent
friends of the npproractf- their agK-ssiv'
movements have become more rapid aud
more extensive. Although the Freed-;
men's Bureau, as originally established,
was only intended, actordlt.g to its provi
sions, to extend to tho States in 'revolt,'.,
yet we cannot f-but our eyes to the fact
what an expensive bureau it Is bound to
become. 1 shall enter into no computa-,
tion of the cost which the country has
already incurred in the support of that
bureau. One thi'tig we know, that hun
dreds of thousands of the negro raeehave!
been supported out of the Trt$ary of the
United States, and the white people of"
this country are taxed to pay that ex-'
peuee. For the first time in the h?s4orf
of the country has the thing occurred
Ihat the great mass of the people hare
been taxed to support in idleness a class.,
of people too lazy and too worthless to
support tbcHtselves. Lock around at"
these galleries at any time iu the day and
you see the beix-ficaiies of this bureau
crowding Syour galleries and listening to
the debates of this body. IIow many of
the honest, hard-working white young
men of this" country are there wbx can'
afford to come to the city of Washington,,
and sit day after day, week after week,.
and month after month, .listening to your .
deliberations. They cannot afford to do
it ; but under the protective care of this
Frc-edmen's Bureaji, your galleries can bo
crowded every day with negroes listening
to your deliberations, doing nothing to
support themselves, but being supported'
out of tho faxics levied upon the white '
people of this country. The bill under '
consideration 'proposes to enlarge . the -powers
of the Frecdmen's Bureau.' It
does enlarge them wonderfully. I think .
I can demofistrate mathematically that "
this bill gives to the President of the
United States, and to those entrusted ;
with the discharge of tkjlie duties, tho .
power of spending at least two hundred -and
fifty millions of -lobars. It cannot
he the intention of the friends of the1 bill '
that such an enormous expenditure shall11'
be incurred; but v.e are to look at what
may be the result ef this bureau going .
into operation to ascertain what the ex
pense may be, and we are not to "consider
that those entrusted With the discharge r'
ofthese duties will not incur this ex.--pense.
Mr. Saulsbury then reviewed the diner--'
cut sections of the bill, alleging that it
gave patronage to a dangerous extent to "
the President, us well as elevolving im- f
mense expense upon the country.. It .
provided for an agent in every e-ounty.
There were 1,078 counties in the United
States. In every one of these an agent;
at $1,500 a year, would come to $"J,dl4,
000; seventy-two clerks to assistant com
missioners at 1,200 a year would cost
80,800 ; and 3,242 clerks for agents, in
addition to ail this making a total for
officers alone of 7,314,200.-,
Cocxsel to Democrats. We particularly
commend the following paragraph to tho
perusal and practice of Democrats who are
parents and who do not desire to have their '
children taught to detest their religion and -;
abhor their politics : - ' :-
Look to your children. The ready pens of
a thousand writers are busy infusing false
hood into their minds, concerning late events
and their causes. All th channels of our -
literature are fitlotl with their , perversions,
prejudice and malignity. If we expect to
preserve a tree government, we must watch
the influences that are brousrht to bear in
forming the minds of the young. Banish-
from your houses evcrvtmng. that sr.vors of
the doctrine of Federalism, or a fondness for- '
despotism. Ivive out the partisan .histories -of
the wal", by Tory and Abolition writers,
if vou cannot take the better course of put
ting the truth by the side of them. Tho. r
school, the press and tuo pupiLt are at prcs-. .
ent doing the work of indoctrinating tho .,
youth of the country with the love of strong ;
governments, admiration of military and'
contempt of civil power and the propriety .'
of blending church and State, in general
crusades of reform. Take heed that our ;
children, and through tlrem the country, is .
notjjpolitacally drugged to death, ".,;,, , . . ,
Scppjxg their ows GarEt.. Xdquor pros,
ecutions in Massachusetts have taken an un- v
expected and interesting turn. CalebCush- ,
ing, leading counsel for the Liquor Sellers'
Association, ha found a Federal statute,
passed in 1832, and aimed at South Carolina
nullification, providing in cases involving -the
revenue laws, the United States Courts
may or shall issue a mandamus bringing the
cases before themselves. The .General Gov-" ,
eminent collects revenues from liquor -sell-' .
ing, so the liquor dealers' counsel obtainied
from the V. S. Circuit Court an. order stop
ping thediquor prosecutions, and traasferr'-
ring the case to its own doctet. - So all
prosecutions under the State law stop and ;
wait for a decision in the U.S. Supreme .
Court, for the liquor dealers will not be eon
touted short of a decision by the full bench. ; ,
As Massachusetts has of late contended that ,
there is no such thiDg as State sovereignty '
ani that the General Government has tho '
ri"ht to over-ride in State as well as National
matters, they can now eit down, and suck , ,
their thumbs, under a practical " result of
their own teachings. ..,,.'-' . -
Tho public lands are to be thrown open to '
ncrocs and whites alike-r-only a little more
so for the American citizens. of African descent.