rfh
STAT1
EIGHTS
DEMOCRAT.
H
TOL. 1.
ALBANY, LINN COUNTY, OREGON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 2tf, J8or.
NO. 7.
STATE lUgllTS DEilOCRAT.
ISSlKtl KVEUY 8Af I'UDAY,
IX ALBANY, L1XX C Ot'XTY.OUX.
1TBLIS1IKR AM KP1TOK.
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ggSHliig. ,i .j ii i i n j. , j'i
(From tbe Miaaoari Republican .
etiexixoiy F.Tnr,Rixua:
to tuk rui:siDi:T.
YffiT Erarnoa r.therldgriwn Ar
rr-sttTl Cantir ltcvlw(of Andjf
jBBoa nna ranon urowuiow.
CoLtrMBrs, Ky., July 18, 1SG5.
J a Excellency, AnJretc Johns),
, President of the L'ni'tetl StatcaX
The Hon. Horace Greeley the wisest
and among the best of your present
liicnds -once addressed your distin
Brushed firedeeessor through the columns
l' his newspaper, lie wrote in behalf of
t! e " colored race." lam emboldened
trr iU example t invoke your attentiou
ic th condition of the an fortunate whites.
1! asides, I know how yon are surroundtxl
by political and religious patriots, who
li 11 j approach the throne of Executive
pace to assure you of their love of coun
try and detestation of pluee; and to ofior
j their fervent prayers for the restora
tion of your health, and the prolongation
of j ""Unvaluable life. Perhaps some
ore ty' these may gee this communication
atd present it to the attention of your
KrcUeuey. In this press npoa precious
ti u$, I make no estimate of the intervals
rt-u so cheerfully devote to the. crowds of
contrabands who constitute so much of
tie elite of the Capital.
I know the magnanimous nature of
jt or Excellency, and I fear the sad au
n(ncemeat I have to make will prove
injurious, if not fatal to the delieale sens
ib ilities of your noble and generous heart.
I was arrested at my home in Dresden,
Tonnessee, on Friday last, (hangman's
d,y) by a detachment of armed soldier,
w irse deportment and appearance would
do honor to any service. They are known
ia; the Army Rejmlations as "colored
trxps," but, to their shame be it spoken,
jtnrcld friends still persist in calling
ttem ntggers. a hey were commauJ
c& and directed by four or five white men,
it'mk arrested me as Mr. Adder-ri. from
Viich, I infer, they claim a laer beer
Bitionality. I deem it my duty to re
jx rt that your old friend of the seeesh
p muasion stll persist in the treasonable
pi aftice of calling the personnel of such
ei ptditions, " d d Dutch and niggers."
Y iu will doubtless be relieved to hear
at the expedition was a success. Though
1 iA timely warning of the approaching
raid, T preferred surrender to hopeless
Tiiwtance, and the comma ad reached
tVis city without material loss, treating
m, since my arrest, with courtesy and
laadncss, for which I am gratefuL
I have been here five days, and though
I acre not yet been able to obtain, the
at tees of my accuser, or a copy of the
clargcs, if any, upon which I was arrest
ed, I haTe obtained from other sources
information npoa which I rely, of the
ares and motives of my arrest. I am
iargedwith using treasonable language
f aiast the Government of the United
Stiles, and the Government of Tennes
see and with speaking disrespectfully of
jc or lxcellency and of the lught Kev
er 5i d William ' G. Brownlow, who un-
m n if ol that the Constitution of Tennes
excludes all ministers from civil office,
ia Ttow claiming to have successfully
jse id the office of Governor of said State.
.Further, and truly, that I have given a
-pnfessional opinion, declaring that the
! v ;s ia Tennessee have not been made
fn by law. As I will no doubt be held
a risoner until after tin pemlinj eltc
tkm farce ttt Tennessee is over, I propose
to Indulge a portion f my leisure in giv-
i a jo a concise statement oi some things
f i Ui gay, and . the circumstances under
w m a I have provoted the military dis
. f-lm$areof that Grand Army of which
70 s &ra the Commatider-in-Ch.ief.
A public meeting of all thj citizens of
yii-kley county, Tennessee, was called;
Jtt Dresdezi on Saturday, the 1st day ofj
trj last, to eonsider the. best course to
t a ispted far the interests of all. That
cue ing was very large, and was address-
el ty illiaia I . fjaldweu and myself.
, . Oa tie following Monday, July 3, a
ve ry large meeting was held at jrenton,
Gibijoa county, whiclj I sddrgssd for
tafes tours. Isaac Sampson, one of
Barnlow's newly appointed Circuit
1 & gas, having, as he said, full civil and
" cr eiesJ jurlsdietion to urest and try all
Cm eiMiers, was present. He had one of
Ij 'orsiow's Eherifs and several of his
1 IT ? - it Ta . - . . jm .
& w tae x eace present. Ajaa in
at Trtience he addressed the nmlti
i tf its frcm the same stand I had occupied :
,jti he cid not as much as bint at my ar
re ; he only threatened the people with
an inrAH nf Ftttrml fnwyut (meaning
iiegnH's,') to dolor them from voting fou
mo. At the eWo. of tho mooting, romdu
tions proeisoly similar to thoM? passed nt
lirosden wero unaiumouslv adontod. 1
was nnaniitunislv nouiitiatod for tVngrvw.
ant me prolomlod N-nator and Itopre-
MMttativo from that count r was tinani-
nnmsl' rotjuostoil to uign.
I was to have addrossod a similar moot
ing at Tarw, Henry county, on Saturday
l!t, and would have done m had I not
boon arretted. As the offensive word
an alleged to have lioon rpokett in my
Dresden Hpeeoh, (they wore substantially
repeated 8 1 Trenton) 1 will uivo you, o-
curatelv and concisely at lean, what 1
aid of you at Drtvsdon. Indeed, 1 will
gie you the prccinc words of my exordi
um in which you were first personally al
luded to. AddrcsMtig mysolt to tho audi-
ene I said :
" Yu hive witnessed the rise, cnlmi-
nntion and overthrow of a rebellion, in nil
respects the nut astoniohing in the
world' htftory : nstonishinff because of
the numliers eucairod, tho resources it so
suddenly improvised, and the duration
and intensity of the conflict. It was only
le.vt astonishing than the numbers ani
restnirws it encountered. It has onde
as all rebellions must end, when opposed
by greatly superior rcnuroes and nuin
bers. live rcliellion is over. Its leader
are captives, cxilosor supplicants for par
don; its, armed adherents have saluted
their flatf for the last time, and its friends
throughout tho South have yielded the
contest. Their submission has been grace
ful, unanimous, and in all apparent god
faith. Not an armed Confederate is to
be found within the limits of the State
The rederal Govornment profewed to
draw the sword only for the sole purpose
of enforcing its Constitutional authority
wherever it was opposed ; it is this day
supreme within the entire limits of the
United States. No opposition is any
where attempted ; nor. indeed, can any
be organized. Why, then, I ask, are we
threatened with a despotism as inexcusa
ble ns rebellion f Why arc free elections
denied to the Virion men and qualified
voters of the State ? Why have non-res-identsand
loungers around Federal camps.
without your knowledge or consent, and
in defiance of your protests and appeals,
been permitted to usurp the high and
resjHuisiblo places of power and declare
themselves your oppressors and masters
-and thi-, too. in contempt of that Do
claration of flights, whose sacred princi
ples are inviolable, and by your Constitu
tion 'excepted out of the general powers
of (jroverument : Why are onensive
rulers being set over the loyal people of
the State by tho.se who are joiutly re
sponsible for the war ? Why are bands
of armed negroes permitted to rfam over
the country, plundering and insulting
the timid and defenseless? And more
than these, why are you and I, whose
souls are unstained by treason, compelled
to drain this cup of shauto at the hands
of those who were the orijjiatd instigators
of the rebellion f " '
1 beg leave to assure your Excellency
that, in using the words "obioixal ix
STIGATOBS OF THE REBELLION," I allud
ed to tffn ; further, that I spoke in no
Pickwickian sense. And now that I may
iuvoke your clemency, not for myself, but
for those who listened to ray remarks, I
frankly confess that I submitted certain
prKfs of the truth of my charges. I
tolj the people that tho first time I ever
--ou. you were haranguing the inulti-
tude to prove me n Abolitionist ; that
it was a somewhat " raw and gusty day,"
and that your vehemence in the open air
caused you to contract a throat disease,
from which, nnfortunately for the coun
try, you profess not to have recovered, I
alluded to your early speeches iirt Con
gress, in which yon resorted to the bitter
est personal abuse of John Quincy Ad
ams, because of his religious, anti-slavery
opinions ; to your reverential confession
that God had killed off General Harrison
because he was an Abolitionist. I also
told the people that you had, in 1856, in
the State of Tennessee, proposed that
every Southern man should "join 'in one
fraternal hug," and plunge into rebellion,
if Fremont and Dayton were elected. In
addition to this, I informed the audience
that I heard you, in the Senate, in De
cember, 1859, denounce Mr. Seward and
the Republican party as wholly responsi
ble for the murderous raid of " this old
man Brown," whom you then stigmatized
as "nothing more than a murderer, a
robber, a thief and traitor." I said, also,
that you not only supported Breckin-
ridse. the candidate of the avowed dis-
uniomsts. but that after the election ot
Lincoln, after the meeting ot Congress in
December, 18G0, and only one day before
the assembling of the Convention which
declared South Carolina out of the Union,
von had, in the Senate of the United
States, made a labored speech, enibrac-
ins apart of two days, in which you posi
tively pledged yourself, in a contingency
which has long since happened, to join
these same rebels. " to nerish in the last
breach" to " burn every blade of grass.
and to make your grave in " the last m-
trenehments" of robel freedom. I told
the people that I heard this speech, (dur
ing the delivery of which Jefferson Davis
offered you a ma?t unprovoked insult, the
effect of which I will not now attempt to
state.) and that every word of it was de
signed to convince the people of Tennes
see that they were -an oppressed people
and you their champion : that their Con
stitutional rights were in imminent dan
ger, and that they ought " to demand ad
ditional securities ;" that you then and
there submitted the folio win 2 written
" basis," upon which you declared an un
alterable purpose "to fight the great
battle for our rights :"
"Maidved, That we deeply sympathize
with our sister Southern States,, and freely
admit that there is good cause for dissatis
faction and complaint on their part, on ac
count of the reeent election of sectional can
didates to the Presidency and Vice Presi
dency of the United States; yet we, as a
portion of a people of a slaveholding commu
nity, are not for seceding or breaking up
the I'nion of thee Ntutot until every fair
and lioiiiirnltlo ihchiin Iuih Im-cii rxliniiHtod in
trying to ubtuin on the part of the imn-slavo-holding
State, 11 coiuplmm'c with the Kjiii it
and loiter of tho Constitution and nil it
V;uarioitoon ; and whon tint slmll lutvo horn
lono, itnd the State mnv in open roiiollioii
njrninst the lawa of the linitod Ntiitiv, in re
fusing to oxivntti the l'uu;itie Slnxo l.iiw,
kIiuII persist in Ihoir pivsont tiiioonstitiitioii
al oourno, and the r'oooral tiovernniont slmll
fail to exoonte the hiw in eonl fiulh, it (the
(Jovornnioiu) will iiit have luvtuiipriMhfd
the great design of its creation, it nd will,
therefore, tit (not, he a prttotioul iliiliitiili.
riitd all the Slates, nt parties, ho released
from theciunpuot whieh foiitted the rnion,'
In eoininonting on the foregoing ''n
I raid it proved that oti did thou
"itrtiifif yuif,it)u'zt with
Soulheni States:" that yoti
our sister
pa rt ion tail v
alluded to South (..aroint a. whoso treas
onable representatives wore then Assem
bled, and who, ono day after, inaugura
ted the rebellion;" that you did then
and there "freely admit good
cause for dissatisfaction and contpl.-iint,"
because of the cdootioit id' vour illus(i iius
Iiredoeestior ami the Hon. Hannibal Uam
in, whom tho llov. Mr. llrownlow repre
sented as a free negro. 1 said, aUo, that
yon were then only a coHil!tiual Union
ist ; that you declared yourself " not IW
Mcccding r breaking up the Union of
tr.eso Mates I NTH. cverv fair and honor
able moans had Won exhausted in trying
to obtain on the part of the non-slave
holding States a compliance with tin
spirit ami letter ot tne 1 oiiMtitiitmti ami
all its guarantees. Audi further stated
that you, at the same. time, had insured
your rebel friends, with whom you did so
' deeply sympathize," that "when this
shall have I eon done, ami the States now
ill orr.x 1U.hm.Mon" (meaning Vermont
and Massachusetts) ' against the law s of
the United
States
-hall
pCI-MSt
in their present
unconstitutional course
it " (the liovernment) will not
have accomplished tho groat design of its;
creation, and will, therefore, in fact, bo it j need not wait for quarantine before join
practical dissolution of the Union." I j ing the army of Sunnier and John Brown;
repeat, I told the peoplo that this speech, that you had done so, turned your back
so made as aforesaid by you (assisted by , upon them, betrayed them, and that, al-
Senator Latham, who was kind enough
to road for you), was designed by you to
foment rebellion among your constituents.
I selected certain passages from that
speech to prove the above general state
ment. I referred to that part" in whieh!
you said " there is no power conform
upon the Congress of the United States,
by the Constitution, to coerce a Slate ;"
I pointed to your " demand" for " addi
tional seourities" for slavery ; to your
statement that Vermont was, at that time,
guilty of " nullification," of "resistance
to tilt laws of the United States," w hich
you pronounced " open reltcllion." I
commented upon your statement that the
conduct of Vermont liad been such that
"the Government was at an cud." Nor
did I omit to tell the people that you
then and there (18th and 10th of Decem
ber, 1S00) had submitted an opinion in
regard to your general " complaint." I
did not, like Doeeher, pronounce you
drunk, nor did I, like Wilkes, say you
had been poisoned. I permitted you to
speak for yourself by reading the follow-
ing from your speech :
"We have complained that their Intention have "lest fortunes by tho war," there
was to hem slavery in, so that, like the soor-! seemed to be a general inclination to join
pion, when surrounded by fire, if it did notjtue grand army of universal freedom, so
ue iroui tue iniensn nrai in mo scorviuu-j
flames, it would perish from its own poison
ed sting."
You further promised your rebel friends
what Tennessee shauld do, if new guar
antees for slavery were refused. You
saiit, " Tennessee will be found standiug
as firm and unyielding in her DEMANDS
for those guarantees
as any other in the coxfedebacv." I
asserted, also, that you had declared the
election of Lincoln and Hamlin "sec
tional ;" that you avowed your purpose to
put down Mr. Lincoln and cbive back
his advances upon Southebn ixstitu-
Tioxs; that you had promised not to
......
auanuon your - iorineru Aemocratic
Northern Democratic , . m t itself j For thfJ shrlK0 aiul j,rescrviiig it in proper condi-! ecl1 a.ud haJ tho ,estt advantage ; the com
ill to Lincoln's enhnrfm'. , . . i i r-J ... -pl. i I?.i ,.l . , merctal and transportation men must be at
friend and leave all to Lincoln's cohort;
mat you solemnly pica0cu yourscu not
to permit Mr. Lincoln to come with his
aihort, as trc consider them, from the
iorth, to carry off everything. All the
foregoing, and muejn?Tliore, I charged
upon yon, and proved by your speech of
the 18th and 19th of December, 1800.
Continuing my address, I said that if
you were a credible witness I beg you
to believe 1 so regaroyou 1 could prove
that every political supporter and ad
mirer ot your .hxeellency, and every lol
lower of the saintly Brownlow then and
there present, was a disuni'onixt. In do
ing this I read from a speech made by
you, at Columbia, Tennessee, on the 2d of
June, 18G2. It was revised by yourself,
and published in jour own organ, the
Nashville Union, of June 9, 18G2, then
edited bv your friend Mercer, who is best
known as " Quinine MerePr," because of
his sympathy with the rebel sick, to whom
it is alleged, he kindly smuggled that in- j emporium pine in captivity. Do not for
valuable medicine wlrle he sojourned ; ret. T nrav vou. that our foreicn relations
within the Federal lines
I read the, following :
." Now, I wilf prove, very briefly, that a
secesssonist is as great an Abolitionist as
Sumner. Both the secessionist and disun
ionist are for breaking up this Union. I
ion i si are ior oroaxing union union. Hi.- i l-n t e it e
w-illstatetheargumentslnaeyllogism.thus:!8 themes, still lam fully advised of
Ad Abolitionist is a disumonist: a disun
ionist is a secessionist : a secessionist is a
dif unionist : adisunioniet is an Abolitionist :
Therefore, a secessionist is an Abolitionist.
There is not a particle of difference between
them," v
I repeat, I read the foregoing, after
which I was so irreverent as to say, in
regard to your syllogysm, that I could
find the eylly but not the giVi but you
were distinct and positive in the allega
tion that " aw Abolitionist is a dimnion
ist." All this, and much more did I say,
may it please your Excellency, for the
many pious purposes hereinafter enumer
ated ; chiefly, however, with the design
of quieting the hearts and consciences of
a few ot your old rebel friends, office
holders and Trade Agents, who desire to
join you in your late, but earnest ham
pionship of the rights of the color, race.
Having always been rebels at heart, they
dislike suddenly to become Abolitionists.
louring they may bo roUiiod, in lollow
ing your illustrious example, to deal
harshly wit It those who, from a la be souse
of shame, me slill unwilling by turning
Abolitionists, to incur the rcbol reproach
of npostaoy. They urge that they dislike
to be called .Iitdasos; and ot, they "wish
lo bo with " mid nt rest." Ilonce the
struggle between their old party and rebel
pi 100. and their rc Jr ,tot ; their ilire
noocssitio.t 11 nil love of cash. With nil
stieh i adopted this mode of reasoning :
That the popular judgment is often
wrong, mid traditionary or heroilitary pre
judices rarely rielit. For example, I
would take lw cclobratod eases, tliOK of : groatlillieonce, it is true, that, by trans
udate mid .ludiis; that the f.j Miristiau i fcrring me to one of these many tribunal
world affected, nay, fell great horror ofjlbra " i j eedy trial." the sensibilities d"
their itanics and characters, tltnt tl ey the legal profession will not be shocked
wore associated with tho murder of our ( beyond recovery. 1'ailing in this, inn I
Saviour, and. thend'ore, no one supposed . asking too much when I nvow myself '
ii possible to find anything in thoir na-: w illing to swallow a dose, of that universal
tmos to extenuate the Heie judgment j panacea for nil doubtful cases, Military
of mankind; whereas, in fact, I'Uato was Commission at Wiithiiigtou? Doubtless
was bitterlV opposed lo our Saviour h per-
"...1 ; .1 ...it
sooutioii mid ignominious death, and pro
tested he " louud no fault 111 I Inn, vhdo
the mob, (may Heaven p rot 01 1 your Fx
etdleiicy from all mobs,) hurried him
away to execution ; without even the dig
nity of a military suicst ; that Judas, from
all we had boon able lo itMoitain in re
gard to his character, was a very tuib
troMvo, ict'eont man, better lilted by na
ture for a trade acitl r a contractor
than a Disciple: that, though he "lurtieil
hit back upon his friciids.rf.iy, ".7imV
them." be was neither tln first nor ih
last who had yielded to temptation; that
In' reward was hunf tnanrif thni v hii j
pieces aiel long Uoloie I itase li:ol in-j
Hated li e
currcney, or ( nl.ioruui bad j
or Cal fi ruia
au'jir.onted the iiuii ; that ho was a man
of sv nsibility ; that he repented, mid so
suffered from reun ro that ho burt
his bowels. I assured tho secessionist
and
office-seekers, however, that they
though tho official health bulletin repre
sented you in a precarious condition. 1
had yet seen no mention of a morbid dis
tension of your bowulrf. Nor did 1 failtt)
remind the audience id' the radical change
in your opinions of John Drown and Mr.
ewarti, since you ilcnounceu tne one as
a murderer, a robber, a thief and a trai
tor," and the other as his political tutor.
I pointed to the remarkable case and ele
gance with which you now fraternize with
the original Drowns ; how you iiw pious
ly regarded his gallows as only less sacred
iliun the Cross of Christ ; how benignantly
you smiled at his apothe.sis, and how di
vinely you could sing
.Inhn llrown'- body Ilea nioubtrrinj- in tho dust.'
In the foregoing I can give you only a
brief outline of that portion of my speech
which was devoted especially to yourself.
I rose doubtless " to the full height of the
great argument," and many of your old
seeesh friends pronounced my speech
.a m a . 1
truly eloquent and convincing. Several
are known to have declared positively for
V - . -
you and Brownlow, while, among tho
5 oflice-seePers, trade-agents, and those who
bravely led ty yourseit. i louml uono
reluctaut to do so except a few original
Union men, who still declare themselves here tu years ago, with Anne Dlackbirfn,
ardent supporters of " the Union of the the wife of Bush rod Washington.
Constitution." Ordinary compassion re- The " Ladies' Mount Vernon Assoeia
nuires me to say, in their behalf, that tion." it is well known, made their pur-
they read but few newspapers, and do notj
know that that old fogy parchment is
wholly " played out."
Now for this eulogmm upon your lite,
charlter and public services-and be -
cnusii the V nion men of that portion of
the State in which I live have nominated
me for Congress I am hold, like Napo -
Icon, a prisoner of State. Napoleon at
rila t Ad-d.r.rii nt. nolmnbtm ! IW -
I iw,
jjeiena j
tli;g cj.usslc c,t.. m searcb 0f relics, I will
her5 gtate that j am Rt the Columbus'
llotiil, room iVo. It uirocMy opposite
butcher's establishment, where thirteen
chained dogs, hundreds of unchained con
trabandsj and millions of mosquitoes
nightly mingle their music to lull me to
repose.
Aicw words more and I will suspend
all further recital of those afflictions which
I am sure will greatly affect your Excel
lency's compassionate heart. I am very
unhappy here. " The noblest river in
the world" lies just before me; its waves
dance merrily and unrestrained. Un
bleached ladies and gentlemen crowd the
streets, moving with gracetul and clastio
tread, yrhile arrayed in robes of lovliest
bluo. The air is fragrant with the sweet
ni-ls-. -tt1 I sat-kl-cr iliacr inn n, v 1 i 1 i nnsl
,. ,J i
around is gaiety, happiness and FREEDOM,
X uioiiu, oi an iui: ucuicuo oj uiui gitai
c ' ' . . . ...
are in a most critical condition. A blun
der may not only prove fatal to your Ad-
ministration, but it may light a torch to
set the world on fire. Though I am per
sonally friendly to Mr. Maximilian and
the embarrassments he has . caused to
yourself and Cabinet. Remember, it is
the last hair that breaks the camel's back.
Will not my afrest cause' a sensation at
St. James, St. Cloud and. St, Petersburg
-indeed, throughout all Europe ? Will
not the sublime Porte be aroused ? And
will not those great powers, who so anx
iously await a pretext to ipterfere ia be
half of Maximilian, be urged to extreme
measures when informed that b,is chief
American ally. is under arrest? I will
no further enlarge upon the danger : a
wise statesmanship can alone save your
Administration, and what is of the first
importance to eyery office-holder, secure
your re-election. I -suggest this expedi
ent as the best : Brownlow has any num-
I n m Tr-r tt 1
Der oi courts in xennessee. ms judges
(although our Constitution requires that
they be elected by the people,) have been
appointed by himself. They are true as
steel to you mid your glorious Adminis
tration. Their jurisifiolion is co-ex tensive
with their owti wishes, mid l'rownlow's
necessities. They are nil sworn to exe
cute his pioiiH will. Dosides, you have
Federal Courts in full operation nil over
Tennessee. Courts are regularly hold nt
Memphis, Nashville and Kuoxvillo, for
'the Judicial Districts, whieh embrace the
iStato, in each of which District Attorneys,
who are good Abolitionists, reside. Use
Judge, lion. C. V. Trigg, is your friend,
and was nppoiuttd upon your and Drown
low's urgent recommendation. Ho voted
for you. I never belonged to " the land
or naval service," mid 1 suggest wi
jll, j
it has jurisdiction of iny case, ns I m.i no-'
1 r . ,"1 :
eiisou ol consiorarv. I know it 1 couipo
tent to inflict that punishment whieh
ninny of your ol J rebel friend say 1 de-scrvc--hnngiiig
as it has recently hung
a woiiuin. )oii't fail to write soon. Di
root your jn'ratf letters to I'udueah,
Kentucky.
.May our Heavenly I-nther si eeitilv re-j
store your Excellency's health, enlarge '
Vottr n I ready powerful jiilzino,,t 3ud
dcrMatidiip', save you from boiii' again1
i,i-tu,t, n on the Ith of March last, and
finally orwu you in Heaven with "the
;u, mmi Hrowii," mid all the mighty hv--ts
! who await you there.
otir hxeellencv will again accept re-
ncwed iisuratices of the high considera
tion in which you nro ever held bv your
very humble servant, sincere admirer,
nn 1 affectionate friend,
E M MIM IN ETH KB I I'tl K.
Irreiil
'omit (ton
Vernon.
of Mount
The National Intelligencer gives the
following account of the condition of the
Washington home and grounds of Mount
Vernon ;
Tho Jibrarv room, in the south end, is
occupied by 1 ism' Tracy, the accomplished
mid faithful vgent of the Mount Vernon
Association. A bust of Washington, east
in plaster by llou Ion, and another of La
fayette, facing each other high on the
walls, are the only observable relies. The
book-cases, built into the walls, w ith glass
that on which ho died, is the only article
in the chamber. lhe family pictures
were nearly or quite all at Arlington, and
were taken to Itiehuiond by lien. Lee.
The celebrated pitcher portrait, upon the
back of which was inscribed the beautiful
eulogy, and loft in the mansion by an un
known hand, was carried away by John
a i -. ar a
. nuiuigton, ami is in the possession
f that family. The long row of brick
j quarters utill stand as they have for 30
or 40 years, since they weru partially de
stroyett by tiro. In this row ashington
had his blacksmith and carpenter! tig os-tablishuu-uts,
and hero noiv live the two
old colored servants of whom mention has
been made, ns the servant; thut eauio
ciiusc in iojs, and hud made the hist pay
incut of ?2,0u0 upon tho eve of the re
bellion. The association had expended
1i fl nun in ;.imrr,mmio : ,M i , :
ito paying tho 6200,000 purchase .mmey.
M uch still needs to be done, and the largo
amount of funds at this time accumulate
'ing from the throngs of visitors, who pay
' v n -' wa - vV n .. iu auuu luii
an entrance too each of twenty-five cents,
; will - Hn lunch for nuttbit ilm nntiminl
its desolating tide at the confines of these
sacred acres. Tho tomb of Washington
aswiia ixoia naorca on both sides, i'ohick
Church, wliere Washington worshipped
till the close of the Revolution, has not
escaped so well, lhe last discourse in
aoc lasi uiscourso in
. , ..
a tempestuous disunion
this church was
harangue by nn itinerant Methodist
preacher on a Sabbath, near the opening
of the war. The ancient edifice is now a
shell ; not a w indow, door, nor the small
est fragment of the pews, pulpit, nor floor
are to be seen. It was used early in the
war by soldiers for shelter, and later was
turned into a stable. The ancient tomb
stones of the abandoned graveyard arc
lying and leaning around, and desolation
is painted in all its saddest forms upon
the sceno.
The old Pohick Church was;
" Aaasis-t'fs-arl nanv 4 V ta cAina
150 vears" ao-o
nn- t j- mm, j-iir i b
ills was erected in 1, 72, and W ashing -
toil Was the ChlCt contributor m ItS erec -
tion. To this church, Washington for
years regularly repaired, some seven miles,
allowing UO company to keep him from;
,i ci ii .1. mi i
the Sabbath service. The pew doors of I
VV ashington and the great George Mason
had .been carried away as relics before the
war. 1 he brick walls alone now remain.
Wnvpv'a WnnTnI nueaomA ir urill t,,-.
re.Anstob amntterof rllannta Wbf. is
. t , i . i c "u
the rightful sphere of either sex, m the econo-
my ot lit e; or how tar the one ses exceeds
the other in tho faithful performance of pe -
cunar uuues. ii seems to me, . nowever,
that, in humble lifo especially, woman far
excels man in tne carelul discharge of do
r1""'," "-"pv.yu-. i wioy uvw
nave nott acout equal oavaitageg ot ecluca -
tion and discipline, woman W.11 be found to
00 tar superior to man in a nice appreciation
f i i 1 i i . , ,
of what is due to horself uud
nocie arounu
her
and, ia respect to the excise of the
virtues of forbearance and self-sacrifice, all
will readily admit her pre-eminence.-Rur
al New Yorker. '
Plants in Bedrooms. It should be known
by all persons, that to have plants in a close
bedroom at night is a practice detrimental to
health. Even plants not in flower, without
smell, injure the air during the night, and
in the absence of the sun, by impregnation
with nitrogen and carbonic acid gas.
doors, fully occupy olio Mde ol tho large I lloavcily lather, should with etmorlulncss
room. Over this apartment, in a small j"-'0 W"r nI,,i n,t vrn deslro, much
bed-room, the Kreat and good man died. dwivor, by management oUicTw ise,
, i i.i 'i . , ., . to tri t our bread without -working for it.
A bedstead, said to be tho exact copy of v,.r.,.,n..tn d i. u u r... i..
iir
PRESIDENT
OF Til K
Ll. mm AliRKlLTI RAL XOriLTY.
I'llicrel n( llir i:iKh Ainiintl
I'nlr, TnMliy, Kctktrinbcr lOlli,
nt Ilonfoii HlUm.
MfitiiirBt or run f.ivv Coi srv A:i i i,ti h-
M. SiH'IZTV : l.iin ami UtrVTI t.vr i
The iiptiointcd tinn) for holditiiMltn Kij-hth
i 1 1 1 i.i.- . . V
Hxed by our regulation for tlio tiKual Ad-
.minim 1 nir mis nrmen, mm tins M um lemri
Iress.
In nnderl'iling to deliver It myself, p'-r-hup
1 should sny llmt I lu nj in obedience
t tlieCuiUlitutioliol'tlll' Sm il ly, and tlio re
"iitosl of some of the nieinlnTs,id be
lieTit)mt as Shin is int(mifi to bo more e
iieeinlly un ehiliition for the beiHit of the
laboring man' s'.ill nnd induitry, that one
ftdlowiiij; a like is'cupittiuTt shutihl if jsti
blo do the speaking of the is-eitsiuu ; though
it may not be done, in so sly lisli a iiinimer n
if doio? by an e!ut:nted profe.Hotni talkrr;
, .1 . I I t . I
vei me nei ireu oout't lOHV lie il luliy tteeom
1 : .1 1 1 . . . t
lislitsl. Alinilill miv'iiin-a of unv killd. or
i i'r whatsoever purpose Ihivp th(Mr interest. 1
i lltit the Annual Fair, of A-'ricultirnl Socio-,
'ties, v, hen viewed in their proper liht, have
. .,1 ci 4 1
l-inie iiilere.t I ban liny ..th.;r. J hey not !
j only represent the tod, the skill and the la-
Imr ot tlio eountrr. but the tifitne lit-,-es?nriesi
1)f iUu iihoui , n suflii-iont nupply
nniii ty and despondinice would 1
ot winch
mil f be depicled '
lilst H plentiful !
. r
ct ol u country !
iiu-jip"H every eotintenanee, whi
""""'il y o ld of. the product
crealet gladness 111 the Jalid, mid should j ,hB( i r.o.. Sry i- to !m-. Ilu farm ami the nwea
eituse true thnnkfiiliioSH to the Supremo Hill-; -ry iut-di mi ni-, and llit-u g. t it. 1 bin, nnfor- .
rr of jll things, f.-r causing the citrth to bring ! immiely, i- too mm b the rii'l'n e. It i tiac that .
forth filffii-ient for till? wants of all
Notwttliaianding this t:nd like orijr.iiir.a
tion tire culled Agricultural IWictiosho
great- object aimed nt, ns I understand it i
to promote the eetiernl interest of the coun
try, uiid that each interest, ix-cuputioti nnd
trade, should, and it expected to here
rre
epreseiiteil ami tho products of each on ox- j
itbition n far n practicable. The interest !
of the fanner it ? interwoven with every
other branch of industry of the country, that
i? is out of the .,iio. tii n for them to prosper,
ules the other likewise prospers. IS tit the
occasion and time slotted would tnt rmit
me w ere I over t able, ti din uitt tho lif
forent interests that the country now has,
and its wants demand.
Then, perhaps, my remark should most
ly be eonii tied to the Agricultural branch,
and its wants, nnd the duty iu some meas
ure of Isdioriii;- men.
T he absolute necessity of htljor, nnd . the
th-erco having l.orn made by our Creator,
that in the sweat of our face should wc eat
bread, ( and therd is no avoiding it y all,)
we, ns honest men, intending to d6 right,
nnd complv with tho reouironients of our
there hat always been, and still i, bs ninny
who aoTtnretit.lv cheat or set their Hvins out
ilii , 1(5 l-i mi. , itif,
of the liittor of other, and avoid obeying the
decree of their fakor. How much bettor
would it be for the world of mankind, if
each individual would olry their tusl, and
do their purt of the labor, "necessary for the
welfare of the whole.
All must admit that the foundation and
the very existence, if I may so speak,-of
eivilixedSiH'iety, i based upon the Agri
cultural intereat, nnd industry of the coun
try. Then it is all important to this coun
try or any other aliko situated, that this
interest Ik well cared for and well attended
to in all its parts. In order that this be
done successfully, after having tho soil and
suitable elimuto, (both of which we here
have already furnished by the Omni Being,)
we must have good working, thinking men
men that love their occupation and are con
tented with, and will steadily pursue it.
But, then, they must have the -required im
plements that they may operate well and to
advantage. Then the mechanic of every
trade must 1 hero ; the manufacturer of the
different kinds that the country is adapted to,
i and it wants demand ; the trade, to tuke to
. . .. . . ,
STtTlK'S SdOTS
! not or Cllllll0t) produee.1 here ; the school
j master and mistress, teaching! the young,
'that they may grow up to usefulness and
i honor ; the printer, furnishing the news ot
passing events, and telling us where wo can
U m:Jlt nflni6 And while we vi
! law-the laws of our nature-.and
others that
violate God's
rfl n wn i j-wtrt
to disease, and accidents befall us, and we
violate tho laws of the land, we must have
the learned professions. The true and faith
ful man ia evorv cullim? is essential to the
,r, . c ,, . -? c . . j
well being of a well-to-do Societv, and con-
Rftmifirit,v theri, should ,w a united harmonv.
each doing his part with contentment, and
upon tho principle of living and let live. A
clever portion of all these we already have
We want, moro laborers it is true. More
mechanics, more manufactors would be very
adyantagous. Of traders wc have plenty,
and to spare ; teachers baorly enough to
meet the wants of the country ; printing es
tablishments, of tho kind, perhaps toomany :
yet one devoted entirely t griculture and
its varied interest, ia much needed ; the
sacred profession an abundant supply, doc-
wrs IUUJ euuugu Ior, present wauwuuugoou
m ln.. PTOP,B. mo leSul Sroiell8,0.n .ampiy
supplied, rather too many for a fat living for
; th all'. F)iitician8 aJ gentlemen a great
, snmliis. nnd tho i.oeuliar misffcrtunA ftlmnt
them is, we cannot use them ta profit in any
other calling. , .
But, notwithstanding we are under-upilied in
tho moft important branohe of industry, there is a
lnarkeJ imp'roment gotnjr on in the material in-
' torciits of the eonntry. Every year there ia more
and mor? land brought into cultivation, and is
. wo.. .m X a .
l fuiMta aai wvvwa vuua wa n aa -uumv im- u j vyt
adds to the number of manufacturing establish-
I ments; our towns are improving, tnd the means of
I transportation iacreaaod fully up tothe wante of
the country ,- th mining interotits wU which we
are almo?t' inrrounded, and oa our outside now
channel of commerce, and points of trade estabr
, lished, all tend to increase the interests of the fann-
mz commiiawy.
Then, gentlomon, I think we have much to en-
cournso ns in rie-.v of the prospect of ths future ;
.1 - . I . . l V 1 . 1 . .
u woul(l be wcU fof ua t0 e,amina for ft moment
; the past : but a few short years ao. stiy twenty,
this county was not inhabited by perljaps a dosen
I white ine j, If any at all and only n snort tune ne
1 r nf ik. Kl.l. Mill..! ft farm.
u - wa njiuuu m .v ....w. j -
,; XJZ. fLTtbat ,h"u waaTnew
and peculiar country nnd climate, with varied soil,
different in many respeots fr-oia those i.e- left, and
oa? population coating from every portion or toe
ooun Cry from the frosen nortu and from the sunny
south, and many from the States of Europe, all
having the peouliar notions of farming, stock
ti,.t wa had been accustomed to, but
taretty muoh all alike Ignorant of the best mode of
procedure nero 5 auu ugiu, m --
sessed of but little means to operate on or with.
Perhaps this may have been no disadvantage after
all, for necessity being the great motive for notion,
we tuny lmv bn (otv khm; hy H h lilllo fmlrr,
Wlt.lt Iicb ilin.'ul vn!ilHji-rt, oiel iiiitfj jr iitkcra tlmt I
mi)(lit iifinif, till! i;v'l'''iin'iit nf linn (v.iinly 1'i.m
lin iici il, littvinj: llii! mil hihI (I'H'iri.n In It-nrii, tho
a 1 1m ( 11 1 inn of the ilil'tr'-nt in naury ti
tlio H'lmt'imnite of tl.u fH.jn In I iort, un.l itirr.ifi, of
Odiiiiiii-rra lo fitiil mil, I iiiijilit njr ly ncluul cx
jwiini iit niel trifc'. Ami, ! mt nail yuu, lo-ljr,
ill Wit! fi'ill'lilioll ll"i W" filiri ll! I'olllilr In rolii-
I Imi to nil )M to n Ki in I inl !-(? Voiir mimri-r i
know iiiiipI Uf 1 'rniH rmm la-ynml tlm inoul nn
Kniim i l etntiji". toi'l 'pi'i inlly f ilio" wbo
liuilt Ilin irt l'i 11 liii 11 ml lirnki- ll;" fu-t iniiml
In thf O'ninlry." In-O u'l f an uukri-kcn -il, anil
lint a rubiu lo ill ii.jl tli in-n-tii- nf fiv il ixut Ion
wiltiln nr prrt nt im a reuMy in twtntjr
yviim wo flrnl flic i"iun- ltorr well iinut ri. wilh
llio iriii i.!il 1 1. in. nin i,f 8-iinvi-nM'fi' mid tiifiirt
all amutiil u
willj3$f-, a liHiy mni contented
!...r Hrr mitlixno ,f .lull
..,i,..l,.i i. i ,,.i..,i.i
sn ftu'ierrgtito wltli of
Ifurif. 'I li.ii. vi(li iha m.
j mlti of tftnily yrar' llxr ami H.t-iii hn, I ilu
think no shonl.l be Miti-Si-d, Ami il only thai.
lut lilMy enconrpxd lor lli fiiluo?; for, having
tlio A'lvaiiiHjtt' i-l not i--ri-ii:-, wilh the in,,
provi-"! miii'liincry ril lin.l iiikhI of liiiKhnmlry
lo ni l ui, iiiut li mora mr 1 m 'omilihifil wilh
lli tiHiiie Bun um of labor lM'(owtJ,
That fnriniiiK Im Ixrn, ami will be r'fhunnra.
tire in this emintry llien- run be nu.Hotibt, j,ri.
viiloil, ttlwayn, Itial it be .t i f clly done. Tlioiih
w U' not jM-ct llml men will, in otic, two nt more
yiars ninke largo fortiint t yf, by a etowi ap()li.
Htioii of lime and labor, wilh tmnnmj, Ibe farmer
minor t Inti-r u bouml lo pet wi ll off l live at
In 11 i'ii?. One lliiiii; wo nil ulesibl snsilr. Ibat
it id tho -urf-t and most t-cr'iiiii (f any ncmriatioii.
''""'K'' l niaywim a liolt- lirlnr tbnn some
y l it i l'u- ut imJ. ,endi nt, and rlt ar-.t
f ;nri.nnt .i.d veMiinn. Une 1 taw
i'-riin nf, Hist Jt .i a boii"l and boiiurBble, if not
moPa lB1, BI)V , ,, ,,. Wtt hnvts ,8
ii,ia,.iioii of kuov.it.-; that wa rat r bread in
aronlum p with tint iiinmlno- of llivh Ilravt-n.
l hen, t'i fiinn (T'l'iTly and niake it -irofitaMe,
' l'jc main iiwi-slion wilh n nil.
r" U t-r-vrtili tijc .,,inioo lh.,1
lannfr, mid Hint whi te a man t
,.)l9(hBPttt(!0t,f ,HrlllI(l(?j sm,
I am awarn that
tmvhody can l
m til for notion)
...... 11 ... 1. iv.a .11
ui'ist tin n t an ilu 'oniciliiiif; at farmin. . H ean
olmo't ii 1 1 y man do riuii.lliiiij- at ill" trade, and :
till not be a iiid-lianiu. H with tho iirofpFdiona. '
I Hiine try ilisctorinfr, law and iri-(-biiig, and make
lawful boli-b-work. H nil have their 411 mk-, and
we hoti 11 inrnidr-. .
To bs a jrrd furinvr. in niy judgment, t unite
a different tiling. II iiuihI ha a tufin of nen-e and
refbunon ; be inu-t have mrthod, and have bU
t'lnnH ,ai1 fr"
rm y-ar P yuar j he niunl undcr-taud,
ft skmid xti-nt, I lie nature f the 'il be works.
its adaptation to the growing f the product ha
jriip,- lo raise upon it, 4c.
It ia trno ef thin rfinnlry, a-i yet, that there is
too little liii'.nri liy tbo let of farmt.r in relation
to many puit.ts ir inUrent, brlongin utrit'tly U
bo fnrsiipr' buiiic. The r anons are btrious.
A suflinietit time ha, not elupM-d Mnce tbe country
ban biTii M,ttli d to tind out all almut our soil and
climate. Tbe former being so varied, will require
years of ululy and experitornt. lint our interest
und duty b ad us dirt-:'!; lo the im -h1 i,-atioii f all
of those point, and we stimiM make it a part of
eui-tudr and bit-im m to arrive at thru in tho
bortcl tim(! j and frmn rm b olhrr we may obtain
tnU'-h U'cful nnd profitable information in regard
to tbe wbou ianag-mt-tit of the farm, and stock
growing.
It h('Uld be the mriin ubjrct with each metnWr
of Ibis Society, at each of its Foiri, to learn from
bis brother formers, or the lab ring men in attend
ance, soinn oc!ul lesson aps-rtuiing to bis oeca
pation. I'nlcss this is done our 1'aiM are worse
than nt-i-icri!. and our lime and money badly spent,
iml wi regard it as a kind of a aH time af
fair for plctvnre. As I have alrrady intimated,
much of the useful information of lb? world, not
ouly that oonnei:t-d with acri-ultural pnrnuit. but
f ecrytblnir .!., i obtained by t xpernncnt and
trial, and it it Hot pos? ible in the nature of thiugs,
that any on wan will er .can originate and learn
nil Ibat it is profitable for him to know, unaided
by others and llifre is none so unfortunate a the
man that will not try to gather necful ideas from
bis fll-w man, or the one that think he knows so
much that none can learn him. Then, for in
stance, a fino sample of wheat (it being our staple
commodity, we should give it partii-ular attention)
'suffered en exhibition, we should make it our
bu-inicB to learn all about its production ; tbe
kind of v, hea!, the lime sown, the kind of land
sown on, tbe manner of preparing the land, the
condition the ground was in, and the mode of put
ting it in, in. 80 with every other product of the
farm and garden. And with stock we should ba
iui particular, forrtock-raifing. fn connection with
farming, is an importaut interest, rnd very profit
able. It aids luut h in making np tbe balance
uli eel of rash accounts at the end .of tbe year,
Sheep should have our rnr:ful attention. In my
jnilgmciit, there is no stock that pays better than
they do, for tbe capital iuvestcd, time and feed
required, in their rearing.
The lilies' ieartmt'nt should have special at
tention. All sfj;uld remember that their part of
profitable fat-ming i. no mean and small one.
Many of them make more clear ca.-h oil of their
butter, t-hecse. chicken-t, eggs. Ac, than do their
lords off the farm. And I know that some of
them here to-day can impart much useful knowl
edge to some of their sisters in the management of
the dairy and kitchen, for all of them do not make
good butter and cheese, nor bake good bread and
pies. I will say, further, that every successful
farmer that I ever was acquainted with had a
good managing wife ; and my experience in life
has been, that a good, prudent, careful managing
woman seldom fails to hare a good living made by
her lord, it matters but little what the occupation.
Then, ladies, much, very much, of success depends
upon yon.
I have thought, my friends, that tbe organiza
tion of a Farmer's Club, in connection with our
Agricultural Society, having stated meetings, for
the interchange of views and discussion of the va
rious subjects connected with our farming opera
tions, might be the means of accomplishing much
good, and wc become more interested in the wel
fare of each other ; for individual prosperity de
pends in some measure upon the general good;
and wc should never lose sight of this one great
idea, that our own welfare and happiness often de
pend on the welfare and happiness of those around
us.
The importance to society at large, and especial
ly to the laboring classes of every occupation, of a
more general diffusion of practical learning, is ob
vious ; not only a thorough knowledge of their own
chosen .calling, but laboring men should make
thcms-elves acquainted with the institutions of their
country its government and laws, and everything
that has a bearing upon their rights, interest and
duty. While tboy feed, elothe, and keep the
world moving, they exercise but little influence ia
the destiny of things, or the controlling of the
public interest of the country. It has become too
much tho case, even m our own country,- for tne
laboring portion to give up the management and.
control of all important affairs to those who have
bntllftle interest or sympathy in common witn
them, and frequently in the bands of those who
have no settled interest anywhere. I might say
with a great deal of truth that nearly the whola
control of this great nation is and has been for
years, in the hands of professional politicians, who
have but little association or sympathy with, the
masses, given by the many without a murmur, and
assumed by the few as a kind of matter of course
God-given right.
Notwithstanding Agriculture is the all powerful
interest of the nation, moves and keeps moving
everything else, if it has one single direct repre
sentative in its councils, I am not aware of it; and
I do not think there is. And why ia it? It eaa
"not be beeause its importance does not demand it.
The maln-cason inust be that there is none quali
fied by edlR-ation for that purpose. If this is so.
what a crying shame it is upon us, that such an
important intcregt has no one engaged in its pur
suits competent to represent it in the councils of
the nation. How important, then, for laboring
meu to qualify themselves sufficiently to serve
their country in any capacity. And I tell you,
to-day, it is my deliberate judgment, bad there
have been, for the last twenty years, a sontroUing
majority in the councils of the nation, and heads
bf departments, of well qualified, intelligent farm,
ers and working men from tbe trades and manu
factures, who eat. their bread by Divine command,
we, to-day, would not be mourning over the blood
of onr kindred and countrymen spilled upon a
thousand battle-fields, nor groaning under tbe
Weight of billions of indebtedness, nor beholding a
despoiled country in any of it& parts, but instead
thereof prosperity and happiness, harmony aad
peace, would reign triumphant throughout ou
broad, laat,
1
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