Only a Woman.
Bl HESTER A. BENEDICT.
Only a worn an, eliriveled a nd
Ttse'flay fta winds and the prey of the
... cold?..,,, v.r
Checks that ire shrunken,
:Eyes that are sunken? ' ; ;-;
Lips that were never o'er bold.
Only a wornau forsaken and poor, T
Asking an alma at the bronze choroh door.
Hark to the organ roll upon roll
if wnci 01 na musie go ores her soul : - - -
Silks rusUe past her . , '. -J'
Thicket and fastei; ? ' . . ,
The great beu ceases its toU.
ain wouia sue enter, tnt not for the poor
Sw lngeth wide open the bronze chnrcu door.
Only a woman waiting alone, ' "
Icily cold, on an foe cold throne.
what do they care for her ?
': 1 "Mumbliug a prave for her,
. Giving not bread bat a stone. . ,
trader old laces their haughty bearte beat,
Mocking the woes of their kin In the street. '.
Only woman t In the old days
Hope caroled to her her happiest lays) .''
- Somebody missed her, . --r
; Somebody kissed her, ' - -
Somebody crowned her with praise j
Somebody faced iip the tattles of life
Strong for her sake whi was mother, or wife:
Somebody Itee-with a tress ol her hiirT .
light on hie heart whrat titie death-shadows
are ; ,
" Somebody waiUner,
Opening the gates for her,
Giving delight for despair,
Culy a woman nevermore poor
I?1 in the snow at the bronze church door I
when cooked by itself, has a tendency
to fatten hens, instead of producing mo
more profitable egg-laying. A spoonful
of sulphur stirred into their feed occa
sionally will rid them of vermin and tone
up .their systems has is especially
pixxi xor young cucsens anu nuicjo.
Oat of a nock of ten chickens, hatched
the last of r November;. rw have lost but
one." They have been fed cooked feed
mostly, and .ara growing finely.? Cor.
Qii& farmer. ,--;-. -j.
ITswte (iroir Reiies in Opa t.raand. .
FA KM, A5D HOUSEHOLD.
' ' I OBOS- weigned a hog after giving him
all he would eat and drink; he weighed
about 260 pounds. I weighed a bushel
f new corn and fed, it tohrmr, with- wa
ter only for drink. " "He ate the corn in
four days, and gained twelve pounds. I
then changed his feed, and fed Mm four
uays on, snorts . ana ampstuxs : on this
feed he did not gain one pound.' This
was in October. - At the same time 1
weighed 8 bushels of shorts and one of
corn, which he ate in six days, and gain
ed twelve pounds: water only or drink.
The ' c-rrn t was J in' ears s eighty
pounds, for a bushel. .1 think
there w no; doubt that; any
good breed of nogs, will gain twelve
pounds for ercrtfteaahel of corn, prop
erly fed, in the month of October. To
ma.e nogs latten quickly my theory is
to teed them often, six or eight times a
day. Don't wait for them to eat up the
shattered grains and frost-bitten ears.
Every time fresh feed is thrown in, if it
is twenty times a day, they will get hp
and eat. J By feeding in this way, hogs
will get sat as least one month sooner,
ttnii Vm ontef tfc wavwhen vill weather
conies. I have tried " both ways, and
know how it is. The shattered corn.
etc. , should be shoveled up and fed to
uorts. . Try at once brother farmers,
and you will never feed any other way.
-Ljr.lrairic farmer. ... s, lf
t : t - PeaTtrv ferTrefiu
Aii'Ohio poultry dealerreceuHy took
ten pullets of each of the breeds men
tioned below, about six months old,
jjave them a yard forty feet square,
with a comfortable house, -and kept ex
act account of eggs and feed as follows
The Dark Brahmas ate 369 J quarts of
corn, oats.' and wheat" screenings, laid
05 esrKS and weighed 70 pounds. The
BtiSf Cochins ate 406 quarts, laid 691
eggs, and weighed 73 pounds. The Gray
. Workings ate WJJ quarts, xaia oa eggs;
' and weighed 59 pounds. The lion
dans ate 514 i quarts, laid 763 eggs, and
" weighed 45i pounds., ..The Ieghorns
. ate 821 1-5-auarts, laid 807 ecrsrs, and
weiarhed 86 pounds. To make this cal
culation fikore complete let us suppose
that those dressed and sold at the end
- OI H1X IUUDU1IL UI WUBU im WWIO uc
one vear old," bronsrht 12le per lb; tbat
the erc:s sold at 20cperdoz., and the
feed was estimated at Jje pet quart, or
S8c ner bus., at wnich price corn is a
A . i mi n u ,
proniaDie orop. lae uguiei nuiuu we
as follows:
Copt of Val'e of Val'e Total
. . .VVn Ut. !Viln PrnRL
Hrninnaj.-tb.54 410.10 8.75 18.b3 $13.31
Ooeliins. . .C9 10.00 9.123 10.13 13.03"
' nnrkimn. 4.M 8.60 7.40 16.00 11.86
Hondars. 7.71 12.40 6.75 18.15 10.83
, Igborns - . 4,L 14.40 , 4.56 f , 17.96 13.14
Many, well-informed persons appear
to think that roses are difficult to man
age and will not bloom without some
special 1 or mysterious' treatment not
generally understood. Now, nothing
could be further from the truth. We
believe therr is really no flower of pro
portionate value that can be had - so
easily and with so little trouble. . The
rose is a good feeder and will do well in
any ordinary' fertile soil, u but is, of
course, improved by thorough cultiva
tion. It is always best to plant in beds
and masses, and will not do well singly.
The ground should be well spaded and
pulverized to the depth of a foot or
more, and enriched by digging in any
fertilizing material, that may I conve
nient. Make the bed of any size or
shape that suits your fancy; only re
member that roses appear to best ad
vantage by themselves. . Therefore,
make the bed only large enough for the
roses you intend to plant. If yon wish
other flowers, make other beds; not put
them with the roses. Set the plants
about one foot from the edge of the bed
and eighteen inches from each other,
Make a hole large enough to allow the
roots to spread out nicely; oover with
fine soil rather deeper than they were
grown, and pack down tightly with the
hand. Ir will generally be best, though
not always necessary to protect the
plants fur a few days from the sun and
chilling winds, until they become some
what accustomed to their new position.
One of the best ways we know of doing
this is suggested by Mrs. Hull, of Court
land, K. , 'Sh0 weT, paper grocery
bags, turning the bag completely over
the plants which should be supported by
one or more small sticks heaping
on a little earth to keep it in place.
If the CToand is dry, water thorough
ly, so as to soak the earth to the roots
of the plants. Do not water too often,
as, like persons, they want water only
wnen inirsiy. Jjet mem get imrsiy De-fore-
giving them a drink. After the
plants are established they need but lit
tle attention, except that the ground
should be frequently cultivated with hoe
and rake, or other implements, so as to
keep it light and friable, as well as clear
from weeds and grass. Hoses of the
ever-blooming elass will begin to bloom
almost ' as ; soon as they y commence to
grow, and as the plant gains strength
and size, the Sowers will increase in
number and beauty until the whole bed
is a mass of bloom. ; Faded flowers
should be removed daily; besides ad
ding to the neat appearance of
the beds, this encourages fresh
bloom, as the effort to produce, seeds
weakens the vitality of the plant and
hinders its growth. -This is particularly
applicable to the hybrid perpetual
class, some of .which are shy autumn
bloomers, unless care is taken to keep
them BToWinff ' vieorouslv durine the
summer. At the approach of winter it
is a good plan to give the bed a cover
ing of coarse manure, forest leaves, par
tially decomposed -sods, road scrapings,
or any marcrnu uiu is cuuveiu-
ent: this serves as a sliirht protection.
besides inducing a strong, early growtn
the following season. When dressing
up beds in tha spring,4 all the dead
shoots should be cut off down to the Eve
wood: beside this not much pruning
required. exc pt what may be necessary
to keep the plants in reasonable time and
limit. v,w,. . -
The BMt Depth of Milk far Cream.
Experiments made to ascertain the
best depth for setting milk few cream,
gave the following results; A lactometor
of the i usual width inches! high
gave 12 degrees pt cream. . A class ves
sel 2 1 inches wide with Si inches; depth
of milk gave 3 degrees of creamj. An
other vessel of grass with 2 inches' depth
of milk, and 10 J inches wide yielded
not quite 2 degrees , of cream The
milk was not a mixture," but all from the
same cow, and stood 36 hours: j This
would warrant the opinion that cream is
not east np- in greater quantity when
not placed m very shallow vessels. y The
cream was carefully taken off the two
latter vessels, and the skimmed milk
put into a lactometer; that from the
widest vessel gave two decrreesof ceam.
and that from the second in width about
hau a degree. A thermometer,! placed
near the vessels, i ranged from a little
above 47 degrees to nearly 50 degrees
me wuuie ume. - ...
Practical Bascestloas.
B. AGBfc, Geary Caty, Kansas, writes
the American Poultry Journal:) I will
here give what I found to be an, infalli
ble remedy for the co-called ' chicken
cholera: Mako a mixture of two ounces
each of red pepper, alum, rosin, and
flowers of sulphur, and put it in their
food in proportions of one teaspoonfnl
to three pints of sealded meal.i In se
vere cases, give about one-third of a
teaspoonfnl in a meal pellet onee a day
to each fowl, putting a smell lump of
tuum in fcueir ormaing' water. rf x nave
tried the above ingredients with-marked
success; nave cured fowls in the last
stage of disease. I make it a pr ictice
now to give my fowls some of once or
twice a week, and have no symptoms of
any disease among tnem.
A wbixbb in the Journal of the Farm
calls attention to the losses many farm
ers suffer from not attending . properly
to their implements and tools, and says
that a mowing machine, the journals of
which are cleaned of their accumula
tions of grimed grease, and carefully
oiled, will run twenty five per cent,
longer than one that does noli receive
this attention. ; The hardest task with
hired men is to make them take care of
the tools of the farm.
Practical SBSsestions.
The London Omnibus Company have
lately made' la report which discloses
some inf "aeestiff information not only
tr fa to- rn.' b- ,t to every owner of a
liom.Ji. 'jLhev have-In tise no less than
6.000 horses; of. this number, 3,000 had
tn thMr feed bruised - oats. 16 pounds;
cuf hayTTI "t!nndsrtraw, 2J ixunds;
jind tlie mothers, nnbrnised oats, 19
n?' nncut'.hiTi IStrnds,' The
. i.r.fiM -c-hich werQL fed Ojx fcho , former.
and consumed 3 pounds per day, could
do "the same work as well and were
kept in as good condition' as those X&-
irin tr nounds. thereby- eausmg- a
aeiTir of -6 pounds oa: each 'horse,
amounting to 60 per. day, or 22,300
per annum on the company's 6,000
rw. mftl is generally "fed fn- connec-
," tion T"th othr ground toed, moistened
and i t 1 " cntHhayr or it may be
. r r scalded. Tho question
' to be coiutiideied is as to the relative cost
of the oil cake and other meal. Indian
rn contains 77.7- per cent, as against
70 8 per0Sit for American linseed cake.
uvwubs- . - a
The chief value of oil meal or on caxe is vear we conclude thatr the t
in feeding, with other food, say about ' rilJU ! ,",V V?. h!4tS354
- J . M -.1 M: tit
- ft pint eac ie.i'r rvw-i vy
: i fiead of oat6l9"t!!r .a6 f 5 ni &
" Maht farmers hang their harness on
: ;mmiiabelv : behind the horses.
his m fc 1 plan? the pases of the stable
. " f Vj r- -' r t rro the leath-
oS. , inently geto
w -ii ' A.m.t s.ua 1a the man-
Sweet a.sd Haar fembined la One Apple.
From Uia Eoatou Journal of ChemiBtry.
Doubts are entertained by some pc
molcgists as regards the truth of the
statement oade that apples have been
crown in which two .or more varieties
were blended into one; tnat is, apples
having one section sweet and the other
sour. We have, seen. such fruit, and
therefore, know thatr u ihas been pro
duced. A tree., beannar apples of tin a
nature formerly stood ia a gentleman's
garden in ' Georgetown, Mass. It was
of large size, and . in some years pro
duced severnl bushels of fruit. Ine
owner sold the apples as curiosities, and
frequently individual specimens brousn
larse , prices. . It was exceedingly inter
esting to examine the crop," as" One ap
ple . differed ' widely from another.
and there was difficulty in nnding two
precisely alike. A few were
found in which ' almost exactly
one-htdf was sweet, and the opposite
sour,, but a majority were made up dif
ferently, i sections, one-quarter or
one-sixteenth, more or less, n onld be
sweet or sour, and the remainder would
be of the opposite kind. The line of
demarcation on the skbr was -distinctly
deonyd, he sour, portion having a red
dish color, while ttte sweet was a pale
green.' ..There .jwas no mistaking the
flavor; the sour portion was very sour,
and the sweet very sweet. . On the same
tree apples grew which were uniform in
kind, some beinsr entirely sweet and
others entirely sour. This pomological
freak was brought about by a careful
process of budding, two buds of differ
ent varieties being divided, and one
half of ' each joined together, so as to
adhere asd stow in that condition.- As
none of tnis fruit nas been seen 01 late
-tree has
it i-14
) Bajrias Butter aad araw
The flavor of butter can be recognized
even when it is adulterated on a largi
scale. . Pure butter, put . on the tongue
melts rapidly, without producing any
sensation of granulation; when grease
has been added it melts more slowly,
and causes, at tho moment of the fusion
of the last parts, a sensation of granula
tion. The smell of ki chen grease is
easily identified, but it is not the same
with nog's lard. Good butter is always
of a beautiful "uniform yellow, while
adulterated butter is paler, and shows
streaks resulting from the imperfect
mixture with the grease. . Butter on
which ; one can see layers and streaks
may nearly always be considered as
adulterated, is & knife is. passed rap
idly oyer pure butter a smooth
surface is the result, which' takes a
rough appearance when' there is any
adulteration. ' .. j
The shell of an egg is portts, and the
oxygen of the air goes through the shell
and xeeps up axina 01 respiration. An
egg soon becomes stale in bad air, or in
dry air charged with carbonic acid.
Eggs may be dried, and made to retain
their goodness for a long time; or the
shell may be varnished, which excludes
the air, and then,. if . kept in a moderate
temperature, they may be kept good for
years. French poultry raisers are very
successful, and ship millions of eggs to
fibeland annually. Fresh! eggs are
more transparent tt the center, oldones
at the top. Very old ones are not trans
parent in either -place.' In water in
which one-tenth of salt has been dissol
ved, good eggs sink,, and j indifferent
ones swim. Bad eggs float in pure water.-""
- : - ' j- ; -
Borax-Sane of Its Remedial PrapeiUea.
' It may be interesting to . some to
know that . .a .weak solution of borax
water snuffed up the nostrils, causing it
to pass through to the nasal passage to
. - xa - . A ' ' ' 11 1
the throat, xnen ejecting jit xrom tne
mouth, will greatly relieve catarrh, and
in oases not too obstinate or long stand
ing wilk if preserved in, effect perman
ent cure.1 It is also of great value in
case of inflamed or weak eyes. V Make
solution not too. strong), and bathe the
eye by opening and shutting it two or
three .tunes in the water. This can be
done by means of an eye cup, or equal
ly -'well by holding a handful of the
water to -the eye.' Another difficulty.
with which many persons are afflict-
of the carpet firmly in place, stretching
them to the desired point, of course
previous to nailing; then work np the
edges as desired. JJXhe progress may be
slov,""but it " wiff"'prove satisfactory in
the end. , We long ago discarded carpet
stretchers, on account of the wear 'and
tear of the. carpet consequent tipbn their
use; preferring the agency of the hands
only when putting -xlcwn a carpet, A
carpet that is, firmly stretched u; place
is much easier swept "and looks infinite
ly better than one loosely thrown down,
or one with curved lines set off with
pleats to accommodate any looseness
result otoveretretching at one point and
too little atothers. :S . ,. , -Old
newspapers make excellent pad
ding to put between a carpet and the
floor it covers. They should be eight
or ten thicknesses deep, and more rather
than less. We have used them with the
best results for the past' ten years. . The
same papers can bensed year after year;
all they need to make them good as new
is an oocasionairing and dusting-. It
is said the ink used in printing , will
effectually prevent the ravages of moths.
I know thai very fw of these plagues
ever infest the borders ex our carpeting,
bat 1 am inclined to think the thorough
:use of the broom under all articles of
standing.-, fuinitnre has as much
to do , in ridding carpets i of
these depredators as any preventive
ever used for tht&r destruction. - Moths
prefer to work in dark places, and these
same dark places should be put in
quarantine, and receive the strictest at
tention when sweeping time comes
around. ' All movable articles of furni
ture should be displaced as often as
once a week daring the months the
miller (mother of the moth) is deposit
ing its eggs. If the eggs are destroyed
no moths will hatch; thus the carpet
will ie preserved. ." A small brush
broom can be used under articles too
heavy for moving, such as pianos, ward
robes, eto. ' ' - f
C'heiee Kecipea.
Doughnttts. One pint milk, one cup
shortening, two of sugar, one of yeast,
three eggs, two teaspoonf uls cinnamon.
When risen fry in hot lard. "
Sopa Cake. One-half cup of batter,
one and a half cups of sugar, two cups
of flour, one-half cup of milk, three
ejg3, one-half teaspoon soda,? one tea
spoon cream 01 tartar. . . ., , . .
Giugeb Snaps. Take one tablespoon
f ol of ginger, one of lard, one even of
saleratus, half pint of molasses, half tea
cup water; knead soft, roll thin, r and
bake in a quick oven. ? " J
SinvKB Caks. One cup- of butter,
two cups of sugar, three cups of flour.
one oup of . mik,. the whites of three
eggs, one-half teaspoonfnl of soda, one
teaspoonfnl of cream tartar.
Cookie One teacup half lard and
half butter; one of thick, cream; two of
sugar: : one coffee-cup of milk; one
heaping teaspoonfnl of saleratus; two
cream tartar; knead soft; bake in quick
oven. -
Cocoaktjt Cass. Two cups of sugar;
one-half cup of butter; one cup of sweet ;
milk, three and a half cups of Hour; two
eggs; two teaspoons of cream tartar; one
teaspoon of soda, put in the milk. Stir
the cream tartar in the flour. Then stir
altogether without , beating .the eggs.
For frosting use the whites of two eggs.
Make the cake in sixthin layers, putting
frosting and cocoanut between.
" HdnsE-BAPisH Sattce. Four table
spoonfuls of grated horse-radish, one
teaspoonfnl of sugar, one teaspoonf ul of
salt, one-half teaspoonfnl of pepper,
two teaspoonf uls of made mustard vin
egar, three or four tablespoonfuls of
cream,' a little vinegar. v : Mix the horse
radish well with 'the sngar, salt, pepper
and mustard. Then moisten with suf
ficient vinegar to give it the consistency
of cream. Mix thoroughly Add the'
cream. Serve this cold with cold meat,
and heat (riot boil) it forhet roast beef.
THE OCEAN BOTTOM.
Household Hint.
ed. is . an . irritationl
flammation of - the
lining the cavities of the
be comas aggravated by
cold, often causing great
can be greatly relieved, if
cured, by snumng borax
or pa-membrane
nose, which
the slightest
pain. This
not entirely
water, np the
Ceml Ashes
are crenerally coasidered dear at any
price, and nave yenerauy peen -pot to
no better purpose than packing material
fpr wals d drives. , Z1""
iti t BTiota to Moore s
JKmral re" Ji we viuue, m which he
saSeiant to make it wezta
iwmew"nfco save'.tbem.
Tniii Mi wit eotuaust. iy mmi wua
wwn suds from the kitchen, they are, he
deolaTeei found excellent as absorbents
of fertilizing nr&tcriaL and may then be
dug in around trees, or spread on grasB
jbjund, oi"'nsed as m anure '"; for garden
Vegetables Wiui appreviauxe auvuuuirgo.
a. --. ik VUfmr Oe.
- A -writer in the American Farmer says
he has hrvd,' (sinoe-feii UrsV ot JDecember,
Tiro when tae mixu- n'is"" considers
pre, irrecusable. I e separate room vhile f ., Uie
Jtt mi-' : K-&f Ilia ' COL'il I TT .
tk i f ?? e ch bridie and, collar.
6-iS.GS BiftUkH wmtsue
JOX ,1111.-3,
- st, t& wt
"with fcr.'f s t -1 ci xd lime and a
y.lit h:-Jrfuc-t, Biakesfn excel-
iflTttriortaT. whici?
; diilodjcd by ctorcaa,-
.ia jiot liable to be
, tn4i-i.f . meal made , into good
t . water uuu m , , .j.w- i
' nWMakHeW
-. - ' ; , wrTA " -.arts of wate in a
vLlonTiarge seed pepper, 'or
two small ov.cb,
a . n ., T:kfVbAn
"r ' ,fi Indian meal,, nntd you
xaakVa thick mush. cook an
xaaae a '"' feed hot. Horseradish
'SSS -to the mush
Sl ltn tod to i e eood results.
Fotir wcksa-o we commenced feeding
0K lJtL:i m Feared m the above
.dkectlon,,
from five fei t-a f ""J "7l
rreioua to f jc
a lots? tira e
nostrils two or three times a day. The
most difficult cases of sore throat' may
be eared by using it simply as a gargle.
As awath.for the head jit not only
leaves the scalp very white . and dean,
bat renders the hair soft and glossy. ; It
has also been found- by many to be of
invaluable service in case - of nervous
headaclM If applied in the same man
ner as in washing the hair, the result ia
wonderful. It may be used quite
strong, after which rinse the hair care
fully with wciear "wacer; u let tne
person thus sunenng remain in - a
quiet, well-ventilated room until the
hair is nearly or quite dry, '"- and
if possible indulge in a short sleep, and
there will hardly remain ja trace of the
bead acne. . It clergymen, teachers, and
others.! who have an undue amount of
brain work for the kind and quality of
physical -exeroise usually taken, would
shampoo the bead in tha manner about
once a week, and. tnen nnoerpaKe .no
more ' brain work antu the following
morning, they would - be szprised to
find how clear and ssrong tne lacn.
had become, and there is reason to hope
there would be much less premature de
cay of the mental faculties. " As a toilet
requisite it is qnita indispensable. 11
stsed to zsase the mouth, eacu tune after
clean inr the , teeth it, . will prevent the
gams from, becoming diseased or un
cleanly. , ltt short, in all cases of allay
ing - lunammation there ia probably
nothing better in materia medical, t The
average strength of tha solution should
Dr. HAOAB,of Berlin, believes? tljat
analine colors' are;' as- a rule, poisonous
in their action upon the human, skin.
He recommends, therefore, that woolen
garments ;' colored with analine dyes
should ' not bC worh.next the skin, and
suggests as a t?st that part of the wool
be heated to the boiling? point in a test
tube, with 90 per cent, of alcohol, and
if the latter aequire a 'red, violet, or
violet-blue- tint, the" coloring matter
suspicious. m - '! --. ,: .;
Llemon ' : Bias Pupping. Boil i four
tablespoonfuls of rice till softened; one
quart of milk sweetened to taste; a small
pieoe'of butter. ( When nearly cool add
the beaten yolks of four eggs, and one
teaspoonfnl cf lemon extract; put in wie
oven; when nearly done beat the whites
to a froth; add four spoonsfaal of white
sugar; pour oyer the top and, brown it;
tp,be eaten cold, i very nice. (
The Berlin 'Industrie Blatter states
that eggs may be preserved in a condi
tion equal to fresh by dipping them in
a solution of water glass or pilicate of
soda. There is a chemical compound
formed upon the shell which is impervi
ous to air, and which closes the pores of
the thelL The solution of war er glass
must be concenerated inntil it is of a
sinvpy consistence. The fresh eggs
(newly-laid) and cleansed and put, into
a. shallow pan with the solution, and
turned so that every part of the shell is
exposed to the water glass.- After half
an hour tho eggs are taken out, dried.
and packed in chaff in a ory oooi piaoe.
r Always fill iamps in the " morning,
when there isdavlight to work by, and
lamps and' oil are cold. " Do not pour
oil from a can that baa recently been
agitated.'. Do not allow a lamp to rtand
van in-na n a. stove, or in ' any other
warm place. Always keep the "tube of
the lamp clean, and trim the wiok every
morning. Do not extinguish lamp hf
blowing down the chimney; blow up
from the bottom, or else turn the wick
down. - Hav none but the best of oiL
If your grocer does not or will not keep
it, make ' a:clab with your neighbors,
and send to a city for- a barrel. . Avoid
all, lamps that bold over a pint ox on, as
the danger is greater as the size of the
The Challenger Expedition and Deep Sea
The las t ftnd ost Ihipor
butiou to marine . hydrography are the
deep-sea soundings of . the Challenger
expedition, which has recently returned
to England after anabsence of 'three
years spent ? in circumnaviganag tne
globe.; Marina hydrography ; may be
said to be a comparatively new science,
the nrst deep-sea soundings on a large
scale having been instituted by the gov
ernment of the United States, when it
sent Professor Agassdz and his party
in the Hassler td sail around this con-
tinent.dnring the spring and Summer of
1873, The valuable physical, geograph
ical, and zoological results of the jour
ney are well known and appreciated.
Shortly after' the Hassler expedition
had left New York, the English Chal
lenger, expedition, perhaps the most
thoroughly equipped, and most compre
hensive of any ever organised, started
on its tour round the world. Th&' geo
logical results accomplished by it have
been snmined up in an intHreateig -lecture
recently delivered be&re the Roy
al Institution, IjondOn, by Pro
fessor Huxley. Alluding to that
portion of the work of the expedi
tion which relates to (he distributien of
life in and at the bottom of the sea, and
of the work which ia being carried oa
by living organism in building "op- the"
solid erost of the globe, - the Professor
showed that there was extending around
the poles a wide area of ailioeousor thnt
deposit, formed from enormous aceum
mulations of the dead 'skeletons and
shells of diatomaceous plants invisible
organisms, which lived on the top of
the sea, and existed in such numbers as
to cover it and the ice for miles with a
scum. The Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, too, showed that the whole of
that sea-bottom was covered for many
thousand square miles with a deposit of
unknown thickness, also built np in the
same way. It is stupendous, he says,
to think of thousands of feet , of rock
being . formed from the accumulation
of the shells and skeletons of invisible
animalcules, but when one thinks of the
wide area mentioned, covered to an un
known depth with what might be
called the ash s of these organisms,
the idea becomes almost overwhelm
ing in its vastness. ' Having established
the fact that certain . things . were,
they could be made the basis
of deductive reasoning, without know
ing the how and why. Supposing-, then,
a globe everywhere covered with water,
and no dry land at all to be affected by
the motion of the waves, and from
which sedimentary rocks could be
formed. The sea surrounding the ' two
poles would be covered with a thick
layer of these invisible animalcules, con
stantly raining down their skeletons, on
the sponge spicules on the bottom .and
forming a siliceous deposit, while in the
intermediate zone a calacareons or lime
stone deposis. would be forming in - the
same way. ' Thus, . it r seems by the
merest operation of the lowest forms of
life, in a globe altogether . covered by
sea. there might be five or six different
kinds of rock formed on the sea-bottom.
Summing up the bearing of these dis
coveries on geologic problems, iroies
sor Huxley contends that in all 'ages
there is no indication of any other agen
cy at work than natural causes? no. evi
dence ia tbat brief period of time regis
tered by the succession of stratified
rock? of natural forces having a greater
intensity than now '-
Whatever "may bethought of the con
clusions at which ; Professor, Huxley
arrives from the Challenger's examina
tion of the sea-bottom, there can be no
doubt as to the scientific yalue of deep
soundings." A few decades of it have
sufficed to sweep away a host of absurd
traditions and . unwarranted assump
tions. The mountains and valleys which
fancy had duplicated atr the bottom of
the ocean nave disappeared. , uor views
about the animal life, . even at the
greatest depths, have undergone a com
plete revolution. 'The specific weight
of the water is uo longer believed to be
so, enormous that a cannon ball could
not sink below a certain depth a view
once deemed . capable f inathenr apical
demonstration. One of the earlier deep-
sea sounders Edward Forbes-still as
sumed all animal life tocease at a depth
of from ltSOO to 2,lHH) feet, , it was
submarine telegraphy that gave the
first practical direction'to the investi
gations and studies iwliioh, are inow
comprised under marine hydrography.
It became necessary to examine the
bottom where cables were' to be laid,
and thus specimens were obtained from
the bottom et greater 'depths than be
fore. Ia 1861. when the French cable
between Africa and Sardinia was raised
from a depth of 8,000 feet, it was found
covered with living snails, muscles, etc
among which are many new : species.
From that date dajp-eea- soundings
have been turned to excellent and vari
ous usee by science." They were 'first
systematically conducted in 1868, 1 when
the English ' steamer Lightning was
sent, with the naturalists, Carpenter
and Wwille Thompson, to the seas west
of the Orkney and Faroe groups, where
soundings ui uie
The English Arctic Expedition.
' The Iiondon T imes of the 18th inst.
says: "The Arctic ships, the Alert and
piscovery, are expected to be nndocked
in a lew days ia tne meanibuue uieix
complement of boats, which, are'.con-
strncting by Mr. 3ohn White of Cowes,-
are rapidly proceeded with. 'xneir con
struction - is "somewhat peculiar. : - The
boats are 18 in.number. and include two
yawls 25 feet long, and. two cutters of
the length of 20 feet They are' built
of one diagonal thickness of mahogany
planking, which is paved over with a
coating .of marine glue and a second
coating of strong linen, .cloth. The
whole is then ironed "over till the glue
comes through the linen, and the boats
arethen said to. become impervious to
water. ' The boats are then planked
over longitudinally with the best wych
lm.id,andi, Chnstian ,' a pine. A
large senrwxircTilar cork belting; is placed
under the waste strake, and .over this
strong canvass is stretched, thereby
forming- a- oapitai .fender xor tne uttie
craft. : Six of the boats, each having a
length of twenty-five feet, are modelled
like whalers, having bows at both ends
and are constructed in other respects
like the four already mentioned, with
the exception, that they have no cork
lenders, but raxU with, band-holes all
around. ; There are also six ice-boats.
three being built as gigs, and then hav
ing a sheathing' of cork over the - diago
nal .planking, which" is again covered
with, a layerol pise and elm. The latter
are built on dead wood, with keelson
above, so that should their stems, keels
or even Bternposts be destroyed by grat
ing on the ice, the -boats would not be
seriously injured,- but would retail) their
buoyancy. The . whole of . the small
craft have been inspected by the dock
yard authorities.. 'The chief article of
food is penmikin, a kind of edible which
is said to hTe been ' first - compounded
oy tae, Hottentots. , The , pest
parts of tne finest - Scotch beef are
selected, all the fat is e arcfully
removed, - and the meat is then
thoroughly dried. It . is afterwards
pounded to power, salt and sugar" are
added, and then it is mixed with an
equal quantity of cianned suet in a
liquid state. Being poured into tins
made to contain 56 pounds each, it will
be sufficiently portable, and it is under
stood that one of these tins will be
ample for the support of a boat's crew
of eight men for a week while traveling
over tne ice. -Femmikm biscuits are
also being made, in which the pem
mikin is mixed with, floor; and all the
provisions are of the best -quality.
None of the salt junk with t which sail
ors afloat are so well acquainted will bo
tuxen in tms expedition, but the best
rounds of beef and bellies of pork.
only slightly salted, as meat may be ex
pected to keep for a lengthened time in
ah Arctic climate. .Bum, which is the
chief stimulant and luxury on board
shipr usually cost? the royal - navy Is.
6cL per gallon free of duty, but that
provided, for this expedition is pure
Jamaica, at a prime cost of 2s. 3d, per
gallon." " .
Toilet Articles as Tiewed by a Chemist.
Professor William P. Tonry deliver
ed, on Wednesday night, the , second
lecture of his present course, and the
Chemical Hall at the Maryland Insti
tute was crowded to its utmost capaci
ty. Tho --subject of the lecture was
loiiet Articles . as viewed oy tne
Chemist." 'and the lecturer first 're
minded his audience that the manufac
turer would view such articles ; through
their profits, the : public through the
persuasive representations of dealers,
but the chemist,' through attest tube
ana crucible. A lady ot fashion, of tne
present day; considers, her toilet table
incomplete without hair . tonics, hair
washers, and restoratives, aepiua tones,
enamels, salves, and ' powders, and
continuing. Professor Tonry subjected
to examination a specimen of eaohxlass.
By means of a peculiar arrangement ot
the ordinary microscope, the root of
the hair and a' section of the human
skin, showing' the roots - of the human
hair, aweatglands, ducts, t &c was
thrown upon a screen, and construction
and functions explained. ... a numoer oi
the so-called "hair tonics." washes.
and ""restorers," were taken and their
composition shewn to the audience by
chemical tests, several bottles of . metal
lic lead. being taken from one so called
"hair restorers " and .."Ayera nair
Vigor" was found'-to contain1' nearly
three grains of lead to the fluid. onnce ;
"Phalim'a Vitalia. " over iour-ena-ue-
h-lf grains; "Hall's vegitable Sicilian
Hair Benewer," over six' grains; and
a "hair restorer" fifteen grains to1 the
otince. "Magnolia Balm," - JMoom e
Youth,": and- "EnaBLell ffld."Uneritai
Cream -were found to contain irom xxv
to 190 grains of lead or zinc to the
ouhce. The methods of bleaching ; the
hair, and of changing dark hair to tne
fashionable! golden yellow were men
tioned as well as the poisonous nature
of the chemicals used. DepiHatories,
rkricht eves, and embonpoint were com
mented upon by the lecturer ' Profess
or Torney-'Spoke j for about: one and
a-half hours, and his remarks , were-
heard with marked attention, the ladies
Odds and Ends.
The man who kan think kan never get
lonesum. -. ., ,
bridge acrof s Lake bt.-Croix. -
, AiiTHotroH (tbe law, is a fine thing it
can always Ibe had at'-cdstC, j .
H. J. Btboh has written a new comedy
entitled Ou Boys." V
' ; Aro now thej say Baltimore ia to be
the Iiverpool of America. Mersey on
Teuth, crushed to the earth.'shall rise
again. ; Sojourners as ; welL Detroit -Tribune.
- - :
COBBBOTZ.T ".don't, "seem like a hard
word; yet they all go down because they
cant spell correctly. ,; ,-f ,;
' J Turn fellow who asked for a lock of
his girl's hair was informed that "it
ooeta money, hair does."
A Bostow : pawnbroker recently charg
ed 87.50 as interest of $5, borrowed for
seven months .on a silk dress, worth $50.
".Mat, heaven bless and keep yoa
from your own true love, Benjamin
Herrick," was the way the letter ended.
' Oou has bees discovered In paying
fuantities at the Notch in the VvThite
loun tains, in what , ia , known as the
Frankenstein cliff." ?
- The furniture recently sold at "the
Astor House, in New York, was rich
with historical zeminsoenoee and in
Sects ':". ' V ' :"T'A.
Tttr nnaertaintv of the known makes
ns more anxious concerning the certain
ty of the unknown. I
Trnt infant sovereign of China ascend
ed the throne under the honorary title
of Kwang' Sn. the best translation of
which is f Continuation of Glory."
. . A Gebmax geographical square mil
contains 9,567 Anstrian catastral jochv
Of these jochs 100 equal 112 EngUala.
acres. T," '--v "e'":: '" :"', -
Thebb are' many who talk on from r Ig
norance rather than irom Knowledge,
and who find the former an inexhaust
ible fund of conversation
It is pleasant to reflect that 1876 will
be leap-pear and that consequently win
ter will have more time in which to do
ta chilling work. --..-.,:-:y-s-
ToBPSooES are now sent into whales
at the end of a newly-invented harpoon
in use at Norway. They kill the fish
without delay. s
A Russian six feet and five inches
high has just died at the age of 115, and
another, born in the same year, ia still
hale and hearty, i. , ; .
Pbincx Napousok. who was made s
general of division by Napoleon III., is
to be struck out of the French army
list. " ' ." - -'-.
Edward Kino will commence a series
of papers on American cities in the
April Scribner. The first paper will .
be on Baltimore, which city he calls
the Liverpool of America.
BBSAXS OT THIS PAST.
1 cannot Bleep 1 my ferer'd brain -Calls
np the vaziisbed Past again.
' And throws its misty splendors deep
Into the pallid realms of sleep 1
Bbotbeb Jnc For mercy's . sake.
Clara, 'what are yon wearing those
earrings for ? They weigh half a pound.
Clara--Mortiflcation of the flesh, Jim;
submarine Arctic cur-1 especially being eager,,listeners.-r-vBai-
rent discovered, j at a delsth - 650 more ttozeize.- .
fathoms, two diiferent sea tempejratareS I
and f two distinct faunie. , Since then I
discovery has - ranidlv . . f oHowedV dis
covery; and with the invention of drag-1
nets our knowledge in the physical,
geographical, and zoological doiaains oi j
science has been immensely enlarge a.
A Bird's Charity.. ,,.f
r. rUlaaelphlaStae.,.
Last summer a pair of robin redbrests
built their - nests ,in . the. vicinity , of a
fashionable country boarding-house, tn
dae time the heads of four yocng robins
were observed by some-of the boarders
peering above the aides of. the nest,
when -some thoughtless boys, passing
that way shot both the parent birds; and
left tha vonno oneS'td perish. ; - ;
The ladies ana gentlemen movea w i ox.nermotner.
be a small teaspoonfnl
of Water. ' " "
-R-e tad no e.c'Ss tor
hot.
... A . -
wash lc;;x taa masooial a. vora.
to a toilet glass
hundred weight eachhave bjeu eating
seven pounds each of raw corn' per
tvrontv.fonr hours: and two others of
nearly the-eamsTBizef, have had exactly
seven pounds ofinal made into good
,ish ftatween them. This seven pounds
of meal cooked into a state of good stiff
mush, weighs tweniy-eign w
funnnili!-- I weighed "SIT "Pigs
accurately at beginning, and -weighed
again two days, Bir.ce, to mark the pro
press. - The twe easing fourteen pounds
rwrr r?i)v. had increased twenty-
rvrr3i.f?a ia tha fame tuns."- lere is
.".anner tit OliS-i ill tha CCl'Il. I
- f i Geoeeralae Canet
The stretching and puttinat down in
place of a carpet is not, . says the' Ohio
Farmer, , one ef the most pleasant jobs
of work, -yet if the feat be accomplished
satief actorily, the pleasure derived from
the knowledge that the work has been
well done, will nearly, if not quite, com
oensatejone for the - braised- knuckles.
torn finger nails, and bleeding cuticle
the usual aojoncts ox carpet-stretching.
vrueu UKUig urovn w t rwm, it
shonld' measure one ineh- shorter . in
leneth and one inch less in breadth if
it be of a firm fabria and more than an
ikah iTasenee made in the saeasuTe
mest if the tBsssion of tha material . be
TjtoJc eaca cf t&s i&gs oomexs
lamp incre ases.
f To Clhanss GnasB. As a rule, warm
water' and a soft cloth are all that is re
quired to keep glass in good condition;
bat water bottles and wine decanters, in
oraer .to keep tnem origui, w
rinsed out with a little toUTiatic acid,
which is the best substance for remov
the fur " w hich oollecte in them. The
acid is far better then-ashes, sand or
shot; for the ashes and sand scratch the
glass, and if any shot is left in it by ac
i.ijr. -. lejiil is poisonons. V Bichly
cut glass mnst be cleansed and polished
with a soft brush, upon. wluch a very
little fine chalk or whiting is put; by j
this means the luster and brilliancy are
preserved. '-.'"
i PaocTon and other astronomers dis
covered the snow andice at the two poles
of the planet Mara, and of course if that
'a visible from the earth, from j.srs
tLey can easily sea if these ia an open
sea within oar ArctioCircla. .Obvuu-vT
thsxawt sensibla Polsx.expediTaif
real information ia wantea. wc-i-i fce tj
way of tie plaaefc H&rj.-rA
rwitv rrv the helpless eonditicn of th
their relief when a little brown wren
flew to the nest, snrveyecl -line- nmor-
tnnstA state of thin eff for moment.
then disappeared. In a few lsnnates it
returned, peat lag food, oi some. Kina to
ti starving robins. . j -
' Much surprised Tt this, the human
symphathiJters resolved to await further
dsvelopmenhi before proceeding tor put
their plans of relief , in operation, and
were delighted to find the wren had in
real good earnest assumed the care of
that orphan family. With untiring en
ergy it hunted worms and food of such
kinds as suited to the wants - and
tastes of its protege, and continued its
kindly offices until the robins were f nll-
nedged ana a Die to tase care oi tnem
selves. ' N " .- . -
Strange as this story may appear, we
have it from the most undoubted au
thority, and submit the question
whether reason or instinct t was the
governing power with that, kind-heart
ed motherly little wren t -
A Chinese Idyl.
. Fashionable circles of Shanghai have
recently found abundant food for gossip
in an "exciting incident of which f a
nhtfiAaa . General is the hero. -This
waxriozy after having reaped mm iaureis
byr defending uie Juanommeaans. an
Yonan. happened to be struck with one
of the Uelesuai Deauwes wuom no aaw
while passing throogh Shanghai on his
wa'b Pftkini!'. - -Onfortuaiately v this
- J . . . ,
young laayi was tae oaugaww j w
ed to a wealthy Chinese. .This 'pnly
inflamed r the jpassion of ' the 'aged
warrior, who, by a- liberal distribution
oi presents, gained the confidence of
several persona Deionging to hw juuuq
ladv's household, and.' what still better.
it only remained tor
him, in order to ensure the success of
the elopement, to-secure the passive
cooperation of the police, , and this he
was enabled t& 'do. by jadioious arrange
menta with'a tapao,Dnee a- member' of
the. municipal . poiioe, who, undertook
to "make it ia-htwiJi his former col
leagues: So, at the appointed time the
uenerai was eaaoiea to carry the young
lady on irom ner nouse, ana.'tne nappy
couple',' .embarked in a richly decorated
sampan which was lying in the river,
got of safely to Boochow. T.a ; mar
riage does not appear however, to have
been a happy one, for the . Uenerai has
written to tbeluaneed. offering to return
him hia wife and pay a good round sum
to get rid of her. The Uenerals intra-
ence will be sntlictently strong to. pro
tect him . from, punishment, but the
tapao who '.'made it right" with the
police will probably suffer for hia share
T . i. bp , , . ms--,,.
ui tua uueuoe oi Bpurasintr two wuiuiw
ed persona which is visited with severe
penalties ? in China and most .Eastern
oountries.r-J'W Mall Gazette. , .
Ws xsusfc respecUvely decline the pa
1 thetic poem entilled. " I Cannot tell a
be." It is too lata asd ii wo'd
btan too te.U if il L:.3
Lay
it's Lent, and besides Jane Gray s are
'half an inch longer." '
" A Detboit paper has an article head
ed. "A Young Girl Made the Victim of
a Bogus Marriage." This is shocking.
In these days of dissolute young
men, ,it is quite , bad enough for a
young girl to be made the victim of a
genuine marriage. (jowrter oumoc
w-A v Kingston clergyman, tne oths
Sunday, used in his sermon the expres
sion, "it isn't worth a oimer; and as
he hung fire on the d, half of the con
gregation looked round in a startled
sort oi a way, imagining ne was going
to say something else. . . ,-jTi'.;.' .-;
Hkbb is a simple rule- to detect
counterfeit fifty-cent notes: On the
counterfeit the lock of hair in tha
corner of Dexter's forehead touches the
hajy at each end, while in the genuine it
is a "O" shaped leek, and touches only
at the lower end. . . " .
iVisrroB: ftWelLMiss Polly, won't yoa.
give me a kiss ?" : Polly: No; mamma
says kissing's only for children." " Visit
or: "And arn't yon a child?" Polly:
" Perhaps, but I don't call you one
(Visitor , counts ,hia gray . hairs , next
morning.) ., "' -- .,
1 Ow Ashjeaesday, ' when no stage
Slays are allowed to be played xnJUon
on, Moore and Burgess' 'Minstrels
moved,., to ,the Theatre Jttoyai, xrnry
Lane, and played to ah immense house
On the same night Sothera migrated to
Nottingham and had a packed house at -
double prices.-, ...wj (i; i ..;,.,.
Weceh the song s gone out of your
life, you can't start another one while)
it s a-rmging in your ears, put it s" oeat
to have a bit of silenda. and out o UuA
maybe a psalm 11 come by. and by. t
,- About six, weeks ,agot a literary cou
ple boarding together at. a Chicago ho
tel, concluded o marry, and, last week,
the following scrap of mateimordai talk-
between them. was .overheardi.' ne-
You lacerate my soul with your yulgae
sneers. 11 , ne " xou nave a superhu
man power for. eru oyer my sensitive
nature."'""' " v - -
NormNO is inore common: than fox
great thieves to ride in; triumph when
small ones are puniahed. But let wick
edness escape as it. may, as tne last is
never uuia ui uuuijj uws bcu-juwus!
for Avery guilty person is his own hang-
Msniiy ijvawsoavi
a Bbwabb of liquor. : Julius Caar con
quered Gaol, and - denned the imperial
purple, to fall at last by the Boman
pnnch--givenhiia by Brutus. t v -
Tbm greatest, feat investing ever ra
corded, is told of man who oommeno
ed by holting a door, after which ha
threw up the window and swallowed tha
whole Btory. ' ; '
Tjc Boston they' never mention tha
demimonde; Miss Basbleu'rolhi up bee
eyes and bewails' the existence of tha
"ieraiflpherie&l lasaes." , t.
Fzcxshtxs ia a narrow strip oy very
produMive land, llelug between tha
aommjrat T " iraut ana : iusenoous
owing allegiance to neither:
IT is, TOethxnks, an honest and lauda
ble fortitnda "to dare to be ugly; at
least to . keep rotsrsetves from being
abashed with a consciousness of imper
fections we cannot help, and in whioa
there is no gnus. v -
" JaJts, what letter in the alphabet uo
you like bestl" j' vveii, x aon v
say, Mr. Bnoons. ,, " x-oou i ""-
tell right out, Jan . Which do you ju
best V" " WeU" (Diaaning u
ping her eyes), I like U the best, '
A kak who was sentenced to be hung
ZZZA k via wife, who said, "My
Thb cavaliers, duris-'j the j-rteejkr-ate.
were aeeritiJ'Jed t " t-f br XII .vion
to put a crumb cf tread
wissft, and bef aro Wf HiUi ii J
dear would you like the cauuieu
dear, woiiiu . repiioa he.
you executed? ' ' e TOU
pwS drentaaave any
e"ScAawent into the 84. J alien yestff
lvZT"Lt tn himssli ia t . a r
d-" Here'a to tha next Al :
men r "..:ht f
m Thank yon, taa&& you.
-ror,
"aa
aty-