1 iJBUSHCT f.vert r"::.t BV
COLL- A'VISr OIaKV
ALBANY.
OEEGOX.
THE LITTLE FOLKS.
Holly Souk.
Ijttle lilue eyes so clear and bright,
So full of ctuldhood's radiant light,
t'lose your lids and go to sleep ;
To sleep, to sleep, so pure and deep.
That morn may and vou bright and good,
' The sweetest charm of babyhood.
Silently, geutly drcp away.
To waken fri-.-h cu the new-born day.
Thy fatter and Th ither with thee will rest.
But thy gnileleu sleep will be potest, btst.
Little fat bands, dimpled and whit?,
Peacefully f.,j away tc-Dight ;
Mischief enough you'e done, I know ;
We laufe-; 1 at i:. and scolded, too;
But all 's forgiven, and fraught with bliss
Is the t mob. of life in the baby-kiss.
Then sweetly, gsatly sleep and dream
Of thim;;- which pure and holy seem,
("r all : io soon will thy sweet dreams grow
To be tarn tuned with age, and frot. and snoi
"Little l:i s. cease vrnir prattle now ;
Papa, mumma. doggy and cow,
Kitty, aT:ni.t-. t-r.l- and ball.
The morn w will bear thy baby call :
But now. a peaceful, sweet ge id-mgut.
Alftv angels keep thee pure and bright.
And sbi ill thee from all harm and wrong 1
And now closed our baby-song;
Teach OS, O Li. id I to whom babies are given.
To guide their hearts to the gates of heaven.
.lohnny Begins to Study Uutaiiy.
Johnny is an imitative little fellow.
"Whenever he sees any one doing any
thing, he is very apt to want to do it,
"too. He came the other day to my
summer study-room in the hay-baru
on the hill, where the air is always
fresh and cool and found me busy
with a le t of plants that I had gathered
iu the woods that morning. He looked
on curiously for a little while, then
asked what 1 was doing that for.
" Doing what ?"
"Why, picking all those weeds to
pieces and putting them away in those
big books."
" I'm ifraid you haven't been look
ing sharp, ' I replied. "I don't put
aw-ay tho-e I pick to pieces."
Johnny was still again for two or
three minutes, then he broke out with,
" What do vou pick them to pieces
for?"
I told him they were plants that were
new to me, and I was studying them to
learn what they were like and what
their relations were.
" Keif.iions! Lo plants have rela
tions?" " Certainly," I replied.
''That's queer! Aud is that the way
you learn so much about them?'
Johnny asked.
"Ciuefly."
" I wish I could do that," he said,
after another period of silent watching.
So yo can. "
"When ?"
' A?iy lime : now, if you want to."
" Will you show me how?"
" With pleasure."
' Eight away?"
" RigLt away."
"Well," saill Johnny, after waiting
awhile, '"I'm ready."
"So r-m I."
" But I don't know what to do," said
Johnny.
" You must get your plants first,"
said I.
"Where ?"
"Anywhere out in the garden, if
you like."
Johnny ran to the garden, and was
soon back again with his hands full of
leaves and sterna.
" Will these do ?" ne asked.
"Snppose yor. wanted to study ani
mals, and I should give you the ear of
a dog, the tail of a cat, and a piece of
sheepskin to begin with ; do you think
they would help you meh ?"
Johnny laughed at the idea of such
a funny mess, aud said he thought a
whole dog would be better.
" A good deal better," said I ; " and
a whole plant would be better than all
these pieces."
"Can't you tell me what their names
are from the pieces ?"
"I could," I replied,
are not what you are to
"but
study.
names
You
are to study plants."
"Of course," said
knowing what else to say
"I will go with you,'
show you how to get
Johnny, not
' I said, " and
something to
study.
When we reached the garden, I
stooped to dig up a weed that few boys
in the country do not know something
about purslain, or, as it is commonly
called, pusley.
" What is the use of taking that?"
inquired Johnny. " Everybody knows
what that is."
" We'll take it, for all that," I said ;
"perhaps we may learn something
about it that you never noticed before."
" That's catnip," said Johnny, as I
began to dig up another plant that
stood near the first. "You aren't
a-going to take that, are you ?"
"Whv not?"
'"Cause," said Johnny, "I've known
catnip ever since I can remember."
"Shut your eyes," said I. "Now
tell me what kind of a stalk catnip
has."
"Why," said Johnny, hesitating
"its mst like any other stalk
1IT iri -rvnulvtr 0
"No; pusley hasn't any stalk; it
just sprawls on the ground."
"Like mullein stalk?"
"No," said Johnny ; " not like that."
"Tjike corn-stalk or thistle ?"
" Not like them, either," said Johnny.
It's like 1 guess I don't remember
pxactlv what it is like."
" So you don't know eatnip so well
as you thought, " said I.
" These two will be enough to begin
with," I continued. "Study them
carefully, and when I have finished with
my plants I will come to see how yon
get on."
Johnny soon tired of studying by
himself, or may be he did not find very
much to learn ; at any rate it was but a
little before he stood at my table, plants
in hand. .
"Well," I said, as I put away my
work " what have yon discovered '
"Catnip-stalk is square," said the
voung botanist. .
" Good," said I ; " anything more ?"
" It smells," said Johnny.
"What like?"
Like like catnip-tea, said J ohnny .
Very like, indeed, " said L ' What
else have you learned ?"
Johnny hesitated.
"Is the pnsley stem anything hke
i. T asked.
" Do yon call those stems, when they
don't stand np ?" was Johnny's reply.
" Yes, those are stems.
" They're round," said Johnny, "and
smooth. Catnip is fuzzy a little, and
the stems are straight.
" Anything more ?"
"The leaves are bigger than pusley
leaves, and thinner and softer, said
Johnny, comparing them.
"We haven't finished with the stalk
yet," I said. " Can you tell me any
hintr more about it ?'
' That's all I know," said Johnny.
" How about the color ?"
"It's green."
" Is the pusley-steni green ?'
" Some of it, and some of it's almost
white, and Rome is almost red ; queer,
isn't it?" he went on spreading the
plant ont as it grew in the garden.
" The under side of the stems is pale,
and the upper side is red tanned, I
tnicss. in the sun."
D - ... . . . . T it 1 .. i
" It looks like
it, x saw ; wuai. i
the color inside ?
" Shall I break it ?"
" Certainlv. "
Johnny bent the pusley-stem with
both hands, and to his great surprise it
snapped short off.
" Oh !" he cried, "Lot brittle it is ;
r didn't think it would break so sud
den." "Try the catnip stem."
" It won't break," said Johnny.
"Cut it with my knife."
"It's tough," said Johnny, " and
woody and hollow. The stalk is square
but the hole is round."
I took the knife, cut the stem across
i at a joint, and said : '
i hole here. "
1 don t see any
! Johnny was puzzled. "See," I said,
splitting the stalk lengthwise, "the
; hollow is closed up at the joints where
the branches begin.
' I shouldn't have thought of that,"
said Johnny. " What a lot of things
there is to learn about one stem."
' ' We've scarcely made a beginning
yet," I said. "But before we go fur-
ther let un recall what we havo already '
found out :
" The catnip stalk is square ; stands !
up straight ; has a strong odor ; is
slightly fuzzy ; is green ; is rough and
woody ; will not break easily ; is
hollow, except at the joints ; and "
" That's all I can think of," said ;
Johnny.
" And the pusley stem is round ; lies i
flat on the ground ; is smooth ; brittle ; 1
pale green below, and red on top ; solid '
Are yon sure of that ?"
Johnny split a pusley stem its whole ;
length, and said there was no sign of a j
hole in it, adding meditatively, a mo
ment after : " It takes a great deal of
study to find out all about a plant, don't
it? if it is & weed."
" A very great deal," I said.
"I think I know all about these,
now," said he.
" O, no ! said I, "not nearly. You
haven't learned anything about the
roots yet, nor the branches, nor how
they grow, uor about the flowers, nor
the seeds, nor when they come up in
the spring, nor when they die in the
fall, nor what things eat them, nor
what they are good for, nor what their
relations are, nor "
" I'll never be able to learn all that !"
cried Johnny, fairly frightened by the
magnitude of the task he had under
taken. " And there are such a lot of
plants !"
" It would be a terrible task, indeed,"
I replied, " if you had to learn it all at
once. But you haven't. Just keep
your eyes open, and take notice of the
different plants you see, and you will
get better and better acquainted with
them every year. The older you grow
the faster you will learn, and the more
you will enjoy it. In a few years it will
be pleasanter than play to you. "
" I hope so, said Johnny, resolutely ;
' ' for I've got to learn them alh I'll
try anyhow." Christian Union.
Damon anil Pytniaa.
Doubless our young readers have
heard of Syracuse, in the island of j
Sicily, now a town of some twenty i
thousand souls, but once the most ex- I
tensive and populous of all the cities in-.
habited by the ancient Greeks. We
read so much of Athens, that it is hard j
to suppose a Greek colony had a larger '
and more wealthy city. But such was
the fact, if we can depend upon j
our best authorities. All Attica, Athens '
included, had not, in its best days, so I
many inhabitants as dwelt in the single
city of Syracuse at one time. Syracuse
was a Corinthian colony, founded B. C. :
735, a few years after the foundation of
Rome ; and so rapid was the growth of
the new Sicilian city, that the third !
generation had not passed away before 1
it began in its turn to send ont colo- ,
nies. Like other Greek cities, it tried,
one after another, nearly all sorts of
government. It was ruled by an :
aristocracy, by democracy, and by ty
rants. In the fifth century before our era, '
Syracuse was under the tyrant Hiero I.
and his successors. In the next cen
tuiy the government was democratic ;
but B. C. 406 democracy again gave
way to a tyrant under Dionysius. This
man had been a clerk in a public office
in Syracuse, but at the age cf twenty
five he had made himself master of the
city. But the story of Damon and
Pythias has made the name of
Dionysius best known. The story is
told "by Valerius Maximus, a Koman
writer, who lived in the reign of the
Emperor Tiberius (A. D. 14-37).
In his collection of historical anec
dotes this writer has a chapter on
friendship, and, with other stories of
remarkable friendships, he gives that
of Damon and Pythias, or Phintias, as
he writes the name. Our Roman
author tells the story as follows : " Da
mon and Phintias, who had been ini
tiated into the mysteries of the Pytha
gorean philosophy, were united in so
firm a friendship, that one of them,
being condemned to death by Dion
ysius of Syracuse, and having obtained
permission to visit his family and put
his affairs in order, the other did not
hesitate to deliver himself to the tyrant
and riledge for his friend's return.
Thus Phintias, who, a moment before,
had seen the sword above his head, was
out of danger ; and he who could have
lived in full security, was threatened
with the fatal blow. Everybody, and
rillv Dionysius. awaited with
min'nsitv the issue of a drama
Rtrsincre and so uncertain in its results
The time was about to expire without
the appearance of the culprit, and
everybody began to talk about the folly
of such a pledge. But the philosopher
declared he had no doubt of the con
stancy of his friend ; and, true to his
word, on the day fixed by Dionysius,
Phintias appeared. Full of admiration
for the character of the two friends, the
tyrant pardoned Phintias, in considera
tion of such fidelity, and even asked to
be admitted as a third in their bond of
friendship. Such, then, is the power
of friendship, that it inspires a con
tempt of death, causes us to forget the
charms of life, disarms cruelty, changes
hatred to love, and substitutes favors
in place of punishment."
So? San Franciscans are indignant
because highway robbers 19 years of
a oa arxA Tin ward are sent by the courts
. K. . - , . i i r 1 J
to the industrial bcuouj. mr uujo, ni
are thus given an opportunity to con
taminate the minds of the young men
who have been placed there for killing
Chinamen and other boyish offenses.
Lono earrings are coming into vogue
again, and there are plenty of ears to
match.
America is
world.
the bread-basket of the
Oorrupt Electioneering in Ensrlaad.
The new ballot act and act for the pre
yention of corrupt practices at elections
i is now fairly in operation in Great
I Britain, and some of its results are ex
traordinary. It has alrehdy produced a
; condition of affairs that can scarcely be
' comprehended in this country. It aims
; at a purity of conduct on the part of
office-seekers that the politicians of this
country have never dreamed of, and
; which taxpayers can scarcely hope to
I see realized. It places on the same
plane with bribery very many acts which
we have learned to deem quite excusable
: and necessary, if not altogether proper
and if fully carried into effect, leaves
; the voter almost absolutely free from
j undue influences, and sends the sus
! cessful candidate into office with his
; dignity and integrity intact,
j The law being excellent, there seems
j to be a determination to enforce it. Its
penalties have already been visited upon
some of the highest dignitaries of the
church and state, as well as some of the
most wealthy and popular aspirants
I to political honors. It was under this
law that Albert Grant, elected member
! of Parliament for Kidderminster, last
! spring, was unseated. He was enor
; mously wealthy, and deservedly popu
j lar on account of many public-spirited
j acts of benevolence. He had spent
i large sums of money for the public
j good, and it was not shown that he had
during the election, been guilty of any
acts that would be considered particu
larly reprehensible in this country. He
I had, however, been too prodigal of invi
tations to his grand tea parties, and an
investigation led to a decision unseat-
ing him.
Little more than a year ago, Mr.
I Justice Keogh, a Catholic Judge, de
j clared the Galway election invalid, and
disfranchised the Uishop of Craiway tor
a number of years, because he had be
come the chief election agent, and had
: caused his priests to become active par
i tieans. This judgment caused great
excitement at the time, and made it un-
safe for the Judge to go upon his cir
cuit, but the member elected was not
; allowed to take his seat. After the last
election, corrupt practices in the same
district were charged. An investigation
i by another Judge was had, and it was
! found that the Bishop had obeyed his
' disfranchisement, and had wholly ab
stained from active interference, except
j to correct a shameful libel on a lady
relative of one of the candidates. The
Judge animadverted severely upon this
act, and the inquiry developing orrup
tion on the part of other persons, the
. member-elect was unseated.
The member elected for Launceston,
i last spring, was unseated upon it being
i shown that he had given perrnis
; sion to his tenants to shoot rabbits
on his property, after the publication
of his address announcing that he was
a candidate.
1 In the borough of Stroud, the mem
ber elected last spring was unseated for
corrupt practices, and a second election
was held during the summer. This was
1 also made a subject of investigation,
; and the member-elect was unseated, his
; principal offense being the gift of re-
freshment to voters. In the city of
' Durham, and in the borough of Poole,
; the members-elect have been declared
i disqualified for corrupt practices.
! Chicago Times.
Beecherian Gossip.
New York (Oct. 13) Cor. Chicago Times.
There seems good ground for the re
port that the grand jury in Brooklyn
has found an indictment against Demas
Barnes, proprietor of the Argus, for
virtually declaring in his paper that the
first Mrs. Bowen was Henry Ward
Beecher's mistress, and that Beecher
is the father of one or two of Bowen's
children. Bowen is on the war-path,
and asserts that he will make every man
and journal suffer who has libeled him.
He still thinks himself the worst abused
man of the time, and is ready to ex
pend any sum of money to obtain legal
justice.
Some of Tilton's and Moulton's inti
mates continue to say that the suit in
stituted by Beecher against those men
for libel will never be tried ; that the
preacher has already repented of yield
ing to the influence of his friends, and
is anxious to withdraw the suit. Til
ton and Moulton are very reticent on
the subject, but give out that they are
getting well prepared.
It is asserted that the libel suit
against Moulton and the Graphic by
Edna Dean Proctor will be compro
mised, and that law5ers are now ar
ranging the matter to the satisfaction of
all parties.
There were rumors in Brooklyn to
day that Mrs. Morse, Mrs. Tilton's
mother, has become offended with
; Beecher because he has declined to
give her money, and threatens to bear
evidence against him. She is said to
' claim to have very damaging knowledge.
Some persons think her crazy, and
, that she can and will be proved so, if
j she attempts to testify on either side.
It appears highly probable just now
! that Tilton and Beecher will both ad
i dress the iurv. if their suits are tried.
! that their counsel are entirely willing
they should, and that they particularly
j want them to.
Tilton's counsel decline to tell when
I his suit against Beecher will be begun,
but declare they will "be entirely ready
before they move a step in the matter.
They have grave doubts if a jury can be
had in Brooklyn, and expect to have a
change of venue.
All the prominent members of Plym
outh Church are busy with Beecher's
case. They are talking it over in secret
constantly, running hither and yon,
and are as deeply interested as if che
suit were their own. A number of
them really have hope of ability to
80 I show that Tilton has been insane for
years, especially since
troubles commenced.
his financial
The Amonnt of Onr Indebtedness.
In an address delivered before the
Northern Wisconsin Agricultural Asso
ciation at their fair at Oshkosh,
Speaker Blaine estimated the total
debt of our sixteen cities exceeding
100,000 population at $350,000,000 ; of
our twelve cities exceeding 50,000 and
less than 100,000 at $30,000,000; of
fifty-three cities exceeding 20,000 and
less than 50,000, $75,000,000; of 105
cities between 10,000 and 20,000, $35,
000,000 ; the towns of less than 10,000
have an estimate debt of $80,000,000,
thus giving an estimated total of muni
cipal debts at $570,000,000. The coun
try debts Mr. Blaine estimates at $180,
000,000, and the State debt at $390,-
000,000. The total indebtedness of the
nation, exclusive of the Federal debt,
thus amounts to eleven hundred anu
forty millions.
Including onr national debt, we owe
K3,zuu,uuo,uou. j-iarge as this sum is
it is a far less ratio of debt to property
man our government started ont with,
$90,000,000. That debt represented one-
Beventh of the entire property of the
nation. Our present debt does not
amount to more than one-tenth of our
actual wealth.
Animal Criminals.
A correspondent of the Athenreum
has the following concerning the physi
cal and spiritual penalties which the
law visited formerly upon four-footed
malefactors :
" The condemnation of a bull to the
gallows for the crime of murder is by
no means a singular example for the
eccentricities of ancient legislation, at
least in France. For instance, on the
4th of July, 1094, a pig was hanged to
a Gibbet near Laon for devouring the
babe of one Jehan Lenfant, a ow-berd
Again on the 10th of January, 1457,
a sow and her six sucklings were
charged with murder ard homicide on
the person of Jehan Martin, of Savigny,
when the former was found guilty, and
sentenced to be hanged by the feet
from the branch of a tree. As for the
piglings, in default of any positive
proof that they had assisted in mang
ling the deceased, although covered
with blood, they were restored to their
owner on condition that he should give
bail tor their appearance should further
evidence be forthcoming to prove their
complicity in their mother's crime.
Tfiat individual, however, declined to
become in any way answerable for the
conduct of such ill-bred animals, which
were thereupon declared forfeited not
to the parents of the murdered child,
but to the noble damsel, Katerine de,
Bernault, Lady of Savigny. Yet again,
on the 2d of March, 1552, the chapter
of Chartres, after due investigation of
the circumstances, sentenced a pig that
killed a girl to be hanged from the gal
lows erected on the very spot polluted
by the bloody deed. Even so late as
the year 1612 a pig was convicted of hav
ing worried to death and partiallly de
voured a child 12 to 14 months old, the
son of a mason, residing at Molinchart,
also within the jurisdiction of Laon.
In 1120 we find the Bishop of Laon ex
communicating a swarm of caterpillars
in the same terms which the Council of
Rheims had employed in the preceding
year in denouncing priests who in
dulged in the sin of matrimony. Still
later, 1516, the courts of Troves, com
plying with the prayers of the inhahit
tants of Villenoxe, admonished the cat
erpillars by which that district was then
infected to take themselves off within
six days, on pain of being declared ac
cursed and excommunicated.' "
Statistics of Commerce.
There is not a little consolation to be
derived by the depressed in spirit over
trade matters from an examination of
the report of the Bureau of Statistics
for June, containing the detailed ac
counts of our foreign commerce for the
fiscal year 1873-4. For instance, it
contains the following table, which
gives the aggregate gold values of the
imports, exports, and re-exports of the
United States for the last six years :
7 far. Import. Export. Re-exports.
186K-3 $137.314,255 $318,038,0-21 $25,173,414
1869-70 4S2,356,lf;3 420,918,951 30,427,124
1870-1 541,493,708 513,044,273 28,459,899
1811-2 040,333, itio 0U1, 283,371 22,769,749
1872 3 663,617,147 578,938 985 28,149,511
1873-4 595,861,248 629,252,136 23,780,338
The change in the relations of the im
port and export columns during the
year 1873-4 should be noticed, as
should also the marked increase in the
total of our exports. The above amounts
include the imports and exports of gold
and silver coin and bullion, which were
as follow :
Vear. Import. Exports. Re-export.
1868- 9 $19,807,876 $42,915,966 $14,222,414
1869- 70 26,368,079 43.881 861 14,271,864
1S70-1 21,270,024 84,403,359 14,038,629
1871- 2 13,743,689 72,798,240 7,079,294
1872- 3 21,480,937 73,905,545 10,703,028
1873- 4 28,454,906 59,699,686 6,930,719
This general showing a change in
our favor in the " balance of trade,"
and a decided reduction in the volume
of specie sent abroad and not shipped
back affords not a little satisfaction
to these who have been long anxious to
see our foreign commerce possess less
of a debt-creating character. Detroit
Tribune.
Bazaine on His Escape.
The Pall Mall Gazette says : "A
reporter of the Figaro has just inter
viewed Bazaine, and has obtained from
the hero a narrative of his escape which
in the main corresponds with the pictur
esque account published by Mme. Ba
zaine. He declares that his wife and
nephew did row the boat to the Island
of Ste. Marguerite and take him off to
the steamer, and that the story of the
rope and lucifer-matches is quite cor
rect. What is most astonishing is to
find the ex-Marshal coolly relating the
part which Colonel Villette played in
the affair the Colonel who before the
court at Grasse had declared himself ir
perfect ignorance of the ex-Marshal's
intentions. It was Colonel Villette
who arranged the rope and who tossed
it over the parapet next morning to pre
vent the warders perceiving it, and, in
tact, the aid-de-camp played a promi
nent part in the escape.
Mind the Two Ends.
This is good advice. A writer in the ,
American Agriculturist entorces it as
follows : When a small boy, I was car
rying a' not very large ladder, when
there was a crash. An unlucky move
ment had brought the rear end of my
ladder against a window. Instead of
scolding me. mv father made me stop
and said, very quietly, "Look here, my
son, there is one thine-1 wish you al
ways to remember ; that is, every lad
der has two ends. I have never for
gotten that, though many, many years
have gone, and I never see a man carry
ing a ladder or other long thing, but I
remember the two ends. Don't we
carry things besides ladders that have
two ends i When 1 see a young man
getting "fast habits, 1 think he sees
only one end of the ladder, the dne
pointed toward pleasure, and that he
does not know that the other end is
wounding his parents' hearts, etc., etc.
The Jeepublic, a Washington maga
zine, presents some rather startling sta
tistics concerning the different wars in
which the United States has been en
gaged. In the war of the Revolution
(1775 to 1783) 278,021 soldiers were en
gaged ; in the war of 1812 to 181o, 527,
654 ; in the Mexican war, 73,260 mak
ing a total of 878,935 whil in the war
of 1860 no less than 2,757,598 were en
gaged. During the rebellion 279,689
officers and men were killed or wounded,
while 6,740 were f missing in action
Since the commencement of the war the
government has paid, np to J one, 1874,
in pensions, S2ol,000,000.
"Nervine." This is worth knowing :
he worst toothache, or neuralgia com
ing from the teeth, may be speedily and
delightfully ended by the application of
a small bit of clean cotton, saturated in
a strong solution of ammonia, to the
defective tooth. Sometimes the late
sufferer is prompted to momentary
nervous laughter by the appHcation, but
the pain has disappeared.
The consumption oi horse-nesh is
spreading to most, if not all, of the
great towns of Germany. Yet the meat
does not seem to find much favor with
the body of the people. In France it is
used to a much greater extent.
Liberia.
Monrovia is the capital and seat ofs
government of the negro republic of
Liberia. It is nearly five degrees
within a purely tropical climate, hav
ing but two seasons of six months
each, the 1st of December being the
beginning of the African summer and
the 18th of May the commencement of
the African winter, or the rainy season
as it is called. Monrovia is the largest
and wealthiest city in the republic,
situated on Cape Mesurado, the highest
point of which is more than three
thousand feet above the level of the
sea. It is a high, dry and beautiful
city, of which the negro ought to be
proud, being, as it is, one of the high
est points of land on the northern coast
of Africa, and therefore free from
many of the diseases common to
parts lying lower on the west coast.
The population must at this time be
more than fifteen thousand, and not
more than thirty of that number are
white persons, who are commercial
agents representing the trade firms of
England, France, and Germany, with
here and there a missionary man or
woman laboring in the cause of the
Lord, and actuated by the highest of
Christian motives. The city is regu
larly laid out after the fashion of cities
in America, and some of the buildings
would ornament any city on this side
of the Atlantic. Trinity church, which
is built of stone, is the most stately
structure in the country, and was built
by funds furnished by St. George's
church, New York, of which Rev. Dr.
Stephen H. Tyng is pastor. More than
1 111 kl nannla iiaii 1 . 1 1 ,.i oantafl in if rT ' 1 1 . i
First Methodist church is also a large j
anu wen-omit nouse, ana is capaDie oi
seating eight hundred people. The
Providence Baptist church and the
Presbyterian church are also stone
structures capable of seating 800 each.
The House of Representatives, the Sen
ate, and the Court-House are stone
buildings, which put to shame many
similar erections in great America.
There are many residences, occupied
by the wealthier citizens and foreign
ministers and commercial agents, that
are not less than elegant. The mansion
of the President, built of brick, would
not disgrace any square in London. I
am often asked where these people
found architects and builders? I an
swer that the same black mechanics
who built New Orleans, Charleston, and
Savannah built Monrovia, as hundreds
of such were liberated by humane
slaveholders and sent to Liberia.
The poorer classes are improving in
their style of building ; and, instead of
the log cabin and bamboo house, they
are beginning to build frame, brick and
stone houses. It would look curious to
an American to step into the hall of the
House of Representatives or the Senate
and see' none but the sable sons of Af
rica administering law and justice.
And it is remarkable to know that in
Africa at the present tims are the best
educated negroes in the wide world
live men like Bishop Crowther, Prof.
Crumell, Prof. Freeman. Prof. Blyden,
and Prof. Johnson. The latter and the
first named are both natives ef Africa,
and all of them in learning could lead
Fred. Douglass by the hand into fields
of thought he never reached before.
Liberia is 790 miles long on the sea
coast, and no line is defined interior
ward. We claim indefinitely east and
west. Dr. James A. Hunt.
Census Figures.
The forthcoming population map,
prepared from the census statistics of
1870 by (Jen. r . A. Walker, will con
tain some very interesting facts. For
instance, concerning the growth of cities
in the United States, it will show that
there was only one city of the class
8,000 to 12,000 in 1790, against ninety
two in 1870 ; three of 12,000 to 20,000,
against sixty-three ; ene of 20,000 to
40,000, against thirty-nine ; and one of !
Af nnn TR n(V a train at fonrtom. Til a. I
class of 75,000 to 125,000 began in 1810;
125,000 to 250,000 m 1830 ; 250,000 to i
500,000 in 1840 ; 500,000 and upward
in 18o0. The next census will institute
a new class oi i,ouu,uuo ana upward, j
The city population of 1790 was 3.4 per
cent, of the total population of the
United States ; that of 1870, 20.9 per
cent. Gen. Walker has also made a
very ingenious series of computations
establishing the locality of the center
of population in this republic at dif
ferent eras. In 1790 it was twenty-
three miles east of Baltimore ; in 1850,
after a movement nearly due west for
sixty years, it had reached West Vir
ginia ; at about the time oi the ivansas-
fsebraska troubles it crossed the Ohio ;
in 1870 it was within forty-eight miles
of Cincinnati, and in 1880 that city will
probably be the center in population of
a nation oi 4o,uuu,uou souis. wnat is
remarkable is that during eighty years
the extreme variation in latitude has
been less than nineteen minutes, and
only twice has the center crept south of
the thirty-ninth parallel.
A Modern Pygmalion.
The Droit relates that a man has just
died in the Bicetre Asylum whose luna
cy tiad a very singular origin. His
name was J ustm, and he exhibited wax
work figures at Montrouge, his gallery
consisting of temporary celebrities
and great criminals. On a pedestal in
the center was the ngure ot a young
girl remarkable lor her graceful figure
and perfect leatures, her hair falling m
long curls over her naked shoulders.
J ustin had named her Jliza, and was so
struck by her beauty that he passed
hours in contemplating her. She seemed
to him to speak, and her blue eyes,
with their long eyelashes, seemed to
respond vo his passion. Under the in
fluence of this illusion he neglected his
business, and for want of a showman
to puff it people no longer visited the
gallery. Poverty succeeded easy cir
cumstances ; the modern Pygmalion
could not separate himself from Eliza.
Ills wife was obliged to sleep on a bare
mattress, and when she remonstrated he I
ill-treated her. Irritated at the unjust !
harshness, she one day destroyed the ;
wax figure. J ustin was furious at see- j
ing the fragments, and seizing a broom- !
stick he struck his wile, and would have
killed her had not her cries drawn the
neighbors to her assistance. Justin.
who had lost his reason, had to be se
cured, and was an inmate of Bicetre for
five years, living up to the last under
the charm of Eliza, whose image seemed
always before him. .
"It is rather amusing to find how
Mme. Bazaine twice outwitted M.
Marchi, the civil governor. She desired
to know the depth of water at the foot
of the terrace, and so she dropped a
ring into the sea ; the gallant M. Marchi
and her nephew descended to look for it
and the latter was able to see that a boat
could get close in. So as to learn what
length of rope would be necessary for
the descent, Mme. Bazaine got one of
her children to ci y for water in order to
water her garden, and M Marchi aided
the girl to let down her watering pot
into the sea by means of some string
fn this way Mme Kazaine ascertained
the height of the terrace. "
A Little Tronble In Texas.
Eighteen years ago the Suttons and
the Taylors hived near each other in
Alabama. The natural result was that
two representatives of the different
families died near each other. In life
they were together and in death they
were not divided, until their respective
bowie-knives were extracted by surviv
ing friends from their respective stom
achs. Soon after this Utile occurrence,
one family moved to Western Texas.
As the evil genius of the Lone Star
State would have it, the other, at the
close of the war, settled in the same
locality. Charley Taylor began the
present scrimmage by stealing the Sut
ton horses. He was buried by the au
thorities of Bastrop county the day
after the Suttons caught him. His
uncle, Buck Taylor, and his friend,
Dick Chisholm, ' ' exxressed their feel
ings so strongly about his killing as to
give offense " to the sensitive soul of
William Sutton. Funerals in the Tay
lor and Chisholm families ensued im
mediately. So far the balance of trade
was decidedly in favor of the Suttons.
Alittle judicious bushwhacking brought
the score about even. The Sutton
spirit revived, and simultaneously the
spirits of the Taylors again began to
wing their way to their future home.
Hays Taylor departed this lifo in 1871.
His brother Dobey joined him next
New Year's. Mark Taylor lost all in
terest in earthly things a few months
afterwards, and Pitkin Taylor
stepped out of his house into
eternity before the grass on
Mark's grave was green. The Suttons
discovered that the Kelletts were re
lated to the Taylors. The Kelletts
cumber Texan prairies no more. It
must not be inferred that the Taylors
were passive during all this time. They
took a hand in whenever they had a
chance, and succeeded in clearing their
happy hunting-grounds of at least five
adherents of the Sutton faction. Early
last spring, the Suttons snared the Tay
lors. They caught all that survived o
them, and, as a Texan paper euphe
mistically puts it, "would have ended
the difficulties," had not outside inter
ference secured the signing of a treaty
of peace. This was apparently good
only on land, for William Sutton was
shot as soon as the Taylors found him
on a steamship. William Taylor was
clapped into jail for his share in the
affray, and his brother Snap, who was
in jail already, was taken out and shot
offhand, as a cheerful warning to
William. Texas would now bike to try
the prisoner, but no jury can can be
got. Everybody in the neighborhood
has had a relative or two slaughtered at
some stage of the conflict. When the
case is supposed to be near trial the
court-room fills up with hosts of Suttons
and Taylors, all of them walking ar
senals. Then the Judge postpones the
trial, ani the two factions stick knives
and fire bullets into each other until
they are weary of the sport. Up to date
twenty-three have been killed. If tiie
present rate of slaughter is maintained,
there is some chance that Taylors and
Suttons cannot be produced in sufficient
numbers to meet the demand. Until
the happy extinction of both families,
Texan undertakers need not fear dearth
of business. Chicago Tribune.
Muscular Christianity in the Far West.
I saw one of those deperadoes get a
nice does of quiet courage and stern
will at this time, 1867. I had occasion
to go down the road, and had to wait
for the train. My abiding place was
one of those dining-tents, where I had
taken a meal in the meantime. Among
the several persons seated around, one
evidently was very raw.
His dress was semi-clerical, and, as
he held forth in no constrained manner
about "the terrible sin " and " Baby
lonish Cheyenne," the old-timers within
hearing enjoyed, in an uncouth way,
poking small chaff at him. In the
midst of one of his tirades against
"this sink-hole of perdition," a man
came into the tent, walked up to the
bar, and demanded a drink. It seems
for some reason he had been refused
before. Suddenly throwing his hand
under his coat, he drew a six-shooter,
and, half -facing the crowd and the bar
keeper, he said : "By G , I'm going
to have a drink right here, or I'll turn
loose ! " (meaning to shoot).
To tell the truth, most of those ter
rible old-timers broke for the door, the
barkeeper sunk under the counter, and
death to some one seemed imminent. I
confess to a cold sensation down my
back, and thought of several debts that
different parties owed me, and wondered
if I should ever be paid ; the green field
in which 1 had sported as a child rose
before me vividly ; I remembered one
1 had
j Sunday, having played off sick, I went
down to the foot of Mill street and went
swimming. I felt sorry for the Frog
town boy who licked me once ; but
what a sight. That parson, his tall,
slim form seems to grow taller as in a
quiet way he strides up to the death
dealing cuss with the pistol. He
wrenches that weapon from this terror,
grasps him by the throat, fairly lifting
him from his feet, his protruding tongue
and blackening face shows the powerful
grip of the parson's hand, and, to make
the picture complete, says, in ordinary
tones, " My friend, I have observed you
before to-day trouble the landlord of
this tavern ; I am of opinion that you
are entirely in the wrong place. The
landlord appears to think you have had
a sumciency of intoxicating liquor. JNow
observe, if you create any further dis
turbance I will jerk the gullet out of
you. And he literally threw him head
long out of the door. Subsequently the
parson held forth on the sins and in
iquities of Cheyenne, and was listened
to respectfully by the subdued old sin
ners. I was constrained to seek a fa
vorable opportunity to ask the parson
where he learned that gripe.
"Oh," said he, "I used to keep a
tavern down East ; that's where I got
my hand in." Fort Laramie Letter.
The French March to Sedan.
The pamphlet just published by Col.
Stoffel in his defense has created a
painful impression here, for the further
revelations are not much to the credit
of any one concerned. The Colonel
tries to relieve the late Emperor from
all responsibility in regard to the march
to Sedan, and to attribute the determi
nation to move forward, instead of fall
ing back on Paris, to Marshal Mac
Mahon. Now, in the letters which Na
poleon III. wrote to Field-Marshal
Burgoyne explaining that march, his
Majesty said it ad been rendered nec
essary by political events. Was Mar
shal MacMahon left quite to himself,
as Col. Stoffel says, influenced like Ba
zaine by political motives, ,or did the
late Emperor sit down and calmly write
a falsehood damaging to his own cnar
acter ? It is well known that the Em
peror was afraid to fall back on Paris,
which, before Sedan, was in a state of
semi-insurrection. MacMahon had no
dynasty, but only his country to serre,
and but for pressure from the Mini&ter
of War, would not have attempted to
relieve Metz with a scratch army.
Paris Cor. Pall Mall Gaeette.
OjJK to the ghkat tokmkm o
Til PATH BTIC 4X.LT DEDIOATBD TO ALL SJTrPBaSM
t'BOX THE oi'TOBKR MOliqUITO.
Had the Father of Sins
Breathed into some millions
Aud billions and trillions
Of papers of pins ;
Had he to thorns and thistles lent a longus
Through which his hatred might he sang
Given slivers motion, and a heinous heart.
To revel in chirurgic art ;
Were needles and nettles, like a baby, born
To yell from darkness till the morn ;
Were twenty Hades housed in oue small thing
Could curses buzz about and sing,
And taper torments serenade
With music of the pit, on dying Addles plaved :
,l.a L-.l i. . - - - - ,
nies.
Rant ogres ; atoms of vermis furnished paps and
eyes
O, stilettoing notes of midnight air !
IJcould place ye then and there.
Whence, ferocious flock, "
When slowly my rheumatic clock
Is hobbling through the darksome hours
Whence, ye pesky pricking powers
Ye whining, barbed villanies
Come ye to sap the vitals of mine ease?
Why pause on your infernal romto.
And Bhriek my blameless bunk about ?
O awls ! with handles eac'i ahead,
To pierce sweet children in their bed
Mighty midges that like a murderer's conacienca
howl
Beneath the grandam's rifled cowl
We'd rather hear the real red devil scraa-n
Than your one peep creep in our dream !
O wickedneeB with wingR,
Insect imps equipped with stings.
jroisou witua DioiKiy mil.
Demons of the ruddy drill.
Gimlets for flesh of human kind.
Corkscrews with a miner's mind ;
O pestilence on pinions gray.
Microscopic vultures made for prey;
What more ' cussed " can I say ?
(jhOHfx ff hornet turned the other wiy t
John 1 ance. Cheney in the .ew nrk J
Koeniwj W.
Pith and Point.
No iiinE tail The cow's in fly time.
A paper containing many fine noinbt
A paper of needles.
When are ei es not eves ? When th
wind makes them water.
"When does water resemble
When it makes a spring.
No dust affects the eve like o-nlil-.inut
and no glasses like brandy-glasses.
" Do TOU like the oiann 9" anma nna
asked Theophile Gautier. " I prefer it
to the guillotine," was the reply of the
poet.
Here is the last achievement of tim
Philadelphia obituary man :
Ufa r.iouuuy s gone ; he could not stay
On heavenly meads he browses,
And now we sadly put away
His little checkered trowsers.
A young man charged with heino- Imv
was asked if he took it from his father.
"I think not, "was the renlv. "Father'
got all the laziness he eve'r had."
"Digby, will you take some thia
butter?" " Thank vou ma'am. I belong
to the temperance society can't take
anything strong," replied Digby.
An old lady was admiring the beauti
ful picture called "Saved." "It's no
wonder," said she, "that the poor child
iamtea aiier pulling mat great dog ont
of the water."
John Cochrane, on being introduced
to the Chief Magistrate of Dublin, re
marked : "I knew that you made
bulls in your country, but I nad no idea
that you made such magnificent mayors. '
Oh, Swing and Patton,
Beecher and Tilton,
Anthony and Stanton,
Procter and Moulton,
The maw of the nation
Is gorged to repletion
With thy quarrels and carry-on !
"John," said a schoolmaster, "vou.
will soon be a man, and will have to at
tend to business. What do you sup
pose you will do when you have to write
letters unless you learn to spell better ?"
"Oh, sir," answered John, " I shall put
easy woras in tnem.
Dn you report that I was a thief.
sir ?" angrily inquired Snook the other
day of one of his neighbors. "No, I
reported no such thing. I only said
that there were strong suspicions against
you, and that I believed all the sus
picions to be correct." " O, was that
all?"
Somebody asserts that "death takes
place, the world over, at the rate of
one every three seconds, and births at
the rate of one every two seconds. There
is a sense of profund relief in the thought
tnat every time a man goes out of the
world a baby and a half are coming
into it."
Stnce Orphic poets Oros sang ;
Or nine.- as Love we knew him,
His golden arrow 'twas that taught
Our bleeding hearts to rue him.
But when he aimed at gallant Fitch,
Aud hit him ere he knew it,
He dropped his arrow, for it took
A Minnie ball to do it.
Brooklyn A rtts.
The editor of a Texas newspaper lately
went out with a pistol in his hand for
the purpose of vindicating his charac
ter for truth and veracity. It is not
stated whether he succeeded or not ;
bnt he was soon brought back in a
wheelbarrow, with a blanket over him,
as quiet as a lamb.
" I want you all to understand that
there is to be no levity on the stage to
night," said the manager of a city thea
ter to the supernumeraries as the cur
tain was rung up. "What's a levity,
Bdl ?" asked one supernumerary of an
other. " O," said the other, " I don't
know. Suppose it's a cross 'tween a
farce and a comedy."
Mrs. Van Cott says that at one of
her prayer-meetings a negro brother
prayed : " O Lord, send dy angel to
pin de wings on sister Bancrot's heels,
dat she may fly troo de world preachin'
deeverl as tin' gospel." And one added,
" Lord 1 give wings on her shoulders,
too, or the preaching will not have
effect, for she 11 fly upside down."
Selfishness.
Live for some purpose in the world.
Always act your part well. Conduct
yourself so you shall be missed with
sorrow when you are gone. Multitudes
of our species are living in such a selfish
manner that they are not likely to be
remembered after their disappearance.
They leave behind them scarcley any
traces of their existence, and are forgot
ten almost as though they had never
been. They are, while they live, lil
some pebble lying unobserved among I
million on the shore ; and when th
die they are like that same pebbl
thrown into the sea, which just rufflj ,
the surface, sinks, and is forgotten,
without being missed from the beach.
They are neither regretted by the rich,
wanted by the poor, nor celebrated by
the learned. Who has been the better
for their life? Whose tears have they
dried up? Whose wants supplied?
whose misery have they healed ? Who
would unbar the gate of life to readmit
them to existence ? or what faee would
greet them back again to our world
with a smile? Wretched, unproductive
mode of existence ! Selfishness is its
own curse ; it is a starving vice. The
man who does no good gets none. He
is like the heath in the desert, neither
yielding fruit nor seeing when good
cometh ; a stunted, dwarfish, miserable
shrub.
Authority in France attends to very
small matters. Now it is seizing the
portraits of Bazaine in the shop wi i-dows.