OCHOCO Vai.I.kt. Feb. 1873.
'Km. IIkgistkh : Now that we have
resided In this jxtt of Eastern Oregon
since (he totter rarrt f Ortorwr, mm
twiiig pretty well thawed out from
what is termed here annminally hard
a inter, It may he-interesting to por
tion of your venders to learn a few
items srlatiug W ear climate, the
health, -and tck inter.
The 'weather In October and to tlte
last of November, was clear and
pleasant, with oocasienal high mentis
Jroia the south and west through the
day, from the north at night.
Snow fell two and one-half Inches
about the first of Oeoeaaber, laying
near .ten 4a;rs going off with a light
: r.n, grass the while being uncovered.
The weather varied a few days soft
and pleasant, then a cool wind, then
clear and bitter cold when, on the
17th, commenced a tall of simpssive
snows, finally reaching a depth of
tweuty-one Inches, settling down to
seventeen, clear days intervening,
some of which were pleasant, while
on Christinas it storied furiously the
entire thy, followed by a night of in
tense eeld, the mercury Jailing to 18"
below zero, TV cattle came lu from
a .thousand 1 ills and hollows tributary
to Ochoco and Crooked river, driven
by tlte storm, lowing most pitifully,
seeking abetter, and collecting hi
bands ot one and two hundred liead,
wandered down stream, bewildered
and blind, knowing no home, carrying
along even those dally fed, from five to
twenty miles away that gave their
owners and bearders a Job of two
weeks, to return them to their range.
We were made glad I a few days
atter by the warm wind springing
from the south, termed here the
Chenook, which caused the snow to
melt rapidly when a sodden blow from
the north crushed the snow. But so
changeable Is the atmospheic that by
the 7th of January the south hill
sides became bare, while the valley s
were covered for ten days longer
On the fourth day of!Fcbruary snow
fell to the depth of fourteen inches.
remaining on about a week. To a few
of us in this vicinity it was a day long
to he remembered, for near the whole
day, upon a bleak point lu a most
terrific snow storm, we were digging
the grave of John Macey, an estimable
satuten, late from near Harrison rg.
who was striken down at the age of W
years with apoplexy while convers
ing and apparently in good health.
The reads have been quite muddy
recently, the like of which has not
been since the settlement of the valley.
The weather is now mild with soft
w inds. The cattle are seeking their
old range in pursuit of the young
grass, now appearing from two to
three inches high upon the south hill
sides, wham, from toe quantity of
melted snow absorbed in their granu
lated soils, will spring forth more
luxnriuat than for years.
I think there has not been a general
loss of cattle of more than one out of
forty, being mostly of cows that be
came reduced from their calves run
ning with them the wholeaeasM un
wearied. Hundreds of cattle have
survived the storms thus tar without
other feed than greasewood and other
The winter at Camp Polk has been
severe, the snow falling very deep.
To save their stock, owners drove
them in on the lUescbutes.
From Upper Croaked river and
Bear Creek, cattle done weU-the
snow fell about the same as here.
It Is not advisable to drive stock
from the valley to this country in the
fiJL They arrive frilgued and foot
sore, fill up with the dry grass which
seems to produce inward fearer, and
they became poorer, so that daring the
sort weather in witter they are unable
to extricate themselves from the
mine or beaver holes, or cling on Mp
pery trails. A person topi uttsi half
nan with cattle, needs a stock of
thirty to 11 cows, and fifty yearling
and two yearokl steers. He then will
be able to sell beef for cash, and keep
up by the increase, and thereafter
yearly compound. He will need hay
or oat lands for winter forage, to out
ami stack each season, feeding only
when the grass is under show, which
requires a foot depth or more. He
may sot need it for two or three
years, yet the winter may arrive, as It
bas this, and take it all. These bot
tom lands are rich, growing forty to
fifty bushels of wheat to the acre of
barley and cats cue fourth more.
Barley straw Is relished unite ss audi
as the wild rye, oats or wheat Cat
wlaa the grain Is In tlat milk, it Is
equal a timothy, producing two to
three and a half tons to the acre, de
pending upon the Quality for brigs-
iMajafiil t f baef
aih! &m comlitf la
rather fcnlted, and net
vaJSev, of w09M
i wjtf wMtaVe
cent sale, steers, 'two year old next
spring, brought (32 GO, and yearlings
jU7. KlfimmtAM
lire hand ef c:tt tie, thirty head, at an
it vera he oT i.'n tier head, fourteen.
i)0 cow, and the nmalnar
,T ... . 1
mi i,wv year onw. ns ww awn sm-
Ue are offered.
Mtr hills during the r ws abound
ed with the Jwidte-tall o. .. . running
in -herds of ten to thirty, and many
were killed. Wild animals arc not
numerous several lynx and cata
mounts have been killed by the hunt
ers and a savage cat they are.
The climate is indeed lienlthful.
nothing more serious than bad colds
whir, do not seem to effect the lungs.
Some jicrsons receive slight attacks of
rheumatism in our clear, cohl weather.
In all, there has beeu sevcti dcatlw
in these two valleys only one of which
was from any sickness produced here.
Yet we need a minister, ami in case
ef emergencies, which have occurred
frequently, a physician and surgeon.
We have two stores, with fair va
riety. Also three smith shops ami
two saw milk pine lumber at ten
dollars per "m." one thresher, anil a
farmer's mill from which good gra
ham can be made. The grain crop
the past year was about 4.000 bushels.
Price for wheat, one dollar and fifty
cents ; Oats ami barley, eacu one Hol
lar.
It is remarkable what relish we
have for our food In this country, of
which there is an a tmnditncc, although
butter Is very scarce. e get no pa
pers to learn of the outside world the
latest dates I have seen was Dec. 8
It Is an outrage that this population
of six or eight hundred cannot be sup
plied with mall service.
These valleys are an token up a
large portion being owned by the W
V. A C. B. Co. No lair situations
excent tliose further eastward. These
seeking health more than large profits,
can, however, find locations for stock.
but limited ground for winter's feed
In this country we are liable to heavy
taxation. Court expenses being Im
mense. Jurymen are called 180 miles
to trial, which, in State cases are fre
quent and not speedy ; but as tlie citi
zens become richer and more numerous
they may be lighter.
I realize that the Willamette Valley
is the great agricultural country west
of the Rocky Mountains, and Indeed a
paradise in the Spring, Summer and
Fall, with every convenience and lux
ury necessary to the comfort and hap
piness of a iiuily. This i a pastoral
region, unlimited ; with small but fer
tile valleys where the herds ramble at
will, feeding and multiplying tlie
general interest and production ot the
country, the took of conversation
rendering those most happy who have
their care and possession.
JAMES ELKIXS.
ATTMt WEW
From the Dalles Mmntainm of the
26th we copy the following cattle Items,
furnished by J. W. Parker of Klicki
tat. Washington Territory :
If r Rent. Suirjes has lost about one
hundred head of cattle out of a band of
over three thousand that he wintered
in the Yakima Valley. Hi band are
nmr dnimr well.
Mr FiMtcr ot Yakima has lost only
two fend of cattle out of a band of
thm hundred.
Mr. iota H. Golden of Klickitat nas
lost hot fire head of cattle out of three
hundred
Mr. D. B. Butler has lost only one
bead out ofhls band of Angora goats.
The hand to doine exceedlmrly well.
He ha lost a few sheep, but nothing
to speak of.
A number of horses that were taken
Into Klickitat last Fall, by immigrant!
from the Willamette Valley, have
died.
Nva A Wa Wren's band of sheen on
the Klickitat. Mr. Parker says, are the
' la. m
finest band he ever saw. Their was
this Winter has been very light.
The iiniwrnortkm of the Klickitat
Valiev Is now almost entirely clear of
snow and the large bands of cattle are
data well.
We team from Mr. M. T. Mulky of
Rock Creek that the cattle tn that sec
tion n' our countrv are doing well, ana
that he loss dnrin the Whiter from
Use severity of the weatner nas
MT ItnVtlt.
Mr. Mm Todd ofTygh Valley, trim
ham a lama hand ofoattfe en the shares,
holnwlH tn I Vilonei John .StORS of
tni city, reports mat navy are w
wel and that he has nstajned no toss
b i .. . ji
during the winter. . -.
Thenews from the Bridge Creek and
John Day rivwcflottry M all of an en-
iiiwSn ruttmnR.
Mr Jf it. Phillies of this citr, who
has a band of cattle on the Coliimbla,
nM k. mnurli of Uw John Dav River,
informs us that they have got tnrougn
tlie winter all right.
Mr. Z. DonneB, of this city, who
was
aupposed at one time (Ms Wtotor,
w Sim, . hH nnmbarof hincattle.
informs us that as far as lie was able
to learn they were getting along fine-
Mr.
Mile
seeanayttos kead of sheep ant of a band
Mr. H. BarmsmefOraM Valley, en
m cast Am of Ifeeobeaas, has tost
km bead out afa band ef two
red. tsiu M
afr.Thsedore W, Pytt f
awSTl
! Ui.l bi.e . "if
and 4awnanemeatT
JnttaSSS!
haw net lost mm than twa
Messrs. Wlggernian and I.ttsclier of
this city. whoTate last Kali purcMsed
tlie band of cattle running in the vi-
PPi Jmefc- 4alwhatengwt to
tne earalc oi Cornwall, me ')""
auiv Everv thhisr considered, these
gf ifenien have been very for
the cattle were scattered all
over
(mVcountry ami tlie storms set In to-
fore they coUhl be got together, vm
as tliev were well acquainted with the
range tla-y got thrmigh the V Inter aii
Mr. Hrslge ami others rrom wnuro
Vallev arrived on Thursday and report
tliat tiiere lias been no Ios to amount
to any thing in that section of our
country. , , .
Captain McNtiltv has succeeded in
bringing bis band through tlie winter
without losing a slugleWioof.
! i.vi IVivi-nnorl has lieeu tlie most
. . . ..
unfortunate man. He lias lost tlie j
largest per cent, of cattle of any per
son lu this section, but exactly liow :
many we do not know.
A gentleman w lio Is well po4ed in !
cattle matters estimates that tlie en
tire loss n Eastern Oregon from
storms and want of feed and water,
will not exceed three hundred and fifty
land. The loss has been principally
confined to sheep and tills has been
caused probably more from being dis
eased than tor want U Iiksi. I
Mr. Connel. of Rockland, Klickitat
conntv. W. T.. inforntes 'us that lie i
will not lose over one-third ofhls band
of calves. Tliose that nave died' Iwd j
all the feud tliev could stand to. but i
perlslied from exposure Several
weeks ago we Were Inlhrthcd from
what we then MinpoiwaHe)ha reliable
source that Mr. Coouell would lose his
entire band of young' calvW f Wit we
are pleased, to 'make tlx) correction.
Mr. William Tunibiul, of Yakima
Valley, who arrived in town on Thurs
day evening, inform, us that be suc
ceeded In getting through the winter
without losing a single boof of Ids
large band of cattle. Also tlat Phelps
A .Wadleigh, out'of a band of over one
thousand, lave not lost but four la-ad ;
and that the cattle on the Indian Res
ervation wintered without any materi
al loss. On one occasion during tlie
Winter the thermometer indicated 18
degrees below aero In the neighborhood
of where Mr. Trumbull resides,
What few cattle were lost In the
Yakima Valley mostly perished In the
swamps where tliev had broke through
the ice and mired down, and being un
able to extricate themselves, died.
Relation or IcNOUAM.it and
ithmk. A Washington dispatch of the
Otb November contains the follow
ing! hies:
Hon. John Eaton, Jr., Commis
sioner of Kducatkm, is printing a se
ries of statistics to be embodied m his
annual report, setting forth the rela
tion of education to crime in tne aew
Knsland States. From this, It appears
that, tint: Eighty per cent ot the
criminals in these States have no edu-
c it 'on, or not safldent to a-rve their
available purposes in life. Second:
Eighty to ninety per cent, of the
criminals have never ieareedany trade.
nor are they master ot any skui jd taoor.
Third : Not hir from seventy-live yer
c;nt of the crimes committed are by
persons of foreign extraction. Fourth:
Eighty to ninety percent, of the crim
inals are intemperate. Fifth: K iuety
five ner cent of the juvenile otfenders
came from idle, ignorant, virioos, and
drunken homes. ....
A member of the British Home of
Lords the other day, in a discussion on
the American claims, presented to tl a
Government the foitowtnt questions :
If A and iif partners, sue V tor trawl,
and defendant C proves that B, one of
the plaintiffs, acted with him In com
mitting tne i raw i, vr newer sncn proof
would not be a complete answer and
bar all damages ? Applying this to the
question at issue wttn tne v linen mates,
he argued that the North and South
are now partners in the Alabama claims,
and it this law in the ease or persons is
good It ought to bold good in regard
to nations.
Forty Years' Experience have tested
the virtues of Dr. WiOarU Valtam nf
WM Charj, and the result Is that it is
the best remedy extant for pulmonary
and lung diseases; embracing the
whole range from a slight cokito a
settled consumption. H ere it not for
lu merits, it would long since have
"died, and made no sign. J3w8.
- - in sms.
"I weeded my friends,' mid aa ec
centric ok) man, "by hanging a piece
of stair carpet out of my first-floor
front window with a constable's an
nouncement affixed. It bad the desir
ed effect. I soon saw who wen my
friends. It was like firing a run at a
pigeon bouse. They forsook the build
ing at the ftrt report."
An Insane Chinaman lately entered
a house in Butte conntv, California, in
the night, armed with a sytbe-blade,
with which be stashed
ammtat every
thing. The man of
the hause at
leneth knocked him down with a club,
when It was found that the maniac
had cist off two ofhls fingers with his
mj .I a ..1 i, f;.j ii
They have a new way of getting np
surprise parties hi Troy. A laaflent
receives an anonymous letter' stating
that a senprlse party will be wRh him
on a certain evening. He prepares for
it ooouy comes, tie u surprised
Almost anybody wecJd be.
An eetabhabmentat New IJsben that
occupies a corner, keeps a little sign
upon the side of the house, bearing
tins Inscription : ''Three ieafcrs won't
work." It has the desired effect
There are never any loafers seen on
that comer.
A lady noticed a boy sprinkling salt
on the sidewalk to take off the ice, and
remarked to a friend, pointing to the
salt: "Sow that's betievolence." No
ttalnV arid the boy, somewhat h
dkjnanOy, "It's salt."
"Why doo't yon get down and lead
tbehotwf That h) the way to keep
oaya
b lueih.
horse, and 111
eaafiday, "Me," rcattai
FURNITURK.
C. MEALEY,
DEALER 1M
And
MANUFACTURER
FURNITURE
Cabinet Ware,
BEDDING, Etc.,
Dormer !
First and Broadalbln Sts.,
ALBANY, OR.
Iai-ticlar
ATTEWTIOlf PAID TO
01DEI8 OF ALL WM
JUST RECEIVED
FiOM 8. F. AMP THE BIST,
THE LAatBT LOT
New and Elegant
EH IIOOONT TO AUAftlf!
,!r4" ton It
nil hiiwiw:
19 iiillai iui WM
DRUGS, KTf.
" They Who Bare Nothing for Sale
are farthest from Market "
A. CAROTHERS & CO.,
WI10 KNOW TlltS TO EK TM'K,
Arc aw kecpine, and also cr.nitai.tly rc-.i
eciving additions to,
The Largest Stock of Goods
ttSOAS. TO THBIR TR4J9B
ABOVE PORTLAND,
AT SUCH PRICES
That
Purchaser Shall be Satisfied.
Besides a Large Stock ef
iRICi, CBEMCALS,
PATENT MEDICINES,
Paints, Dve Stuffs. and Oils.
Thry keep
Yankee iaotions.
Oonfootionery
fiaest Twee A Cigars
wosTEiraoijrs ootlbit,
mCSSi PERFUMER r,
TOILET SOAP,
Sverythlng
USUALLY OBTAINED IX
A tTBICTLT
108 EtTAIUINMENT.
. T.' ,1-1 1
O ABTiCLB M10
: ' Mhl what a
4uaraateeI Ta Be
JUST AS IIWcffNTEii
Acst
Arctic Soda!
CO.
r XT
.1.1' . -"' ''" '
I k . .!,. i J'
'Vii ..."
MILLINKKY, DRESS MAKING
KIL1INSRT, DRESS IftfiM;
V-AWU- ,
LADICK ASD CHILDREN'S
FURNISHING HOUSE I
rpitE l?snEKTOWKIWAaontltKn A
I new StOek of iiillliiH'ry ("!, trim.
mill!, lmltr!,' tinil elilhll-en's liiriiWiind
siwils, of alt kiiiils. ot the latest unit nrn-a
la.liUnmble sij les, wliieh site offers t I tie
laJle' nf Albany am) snrronnmii(r country
al the lowr-U iwes. In the
Dress Making Department
I mtaranteo entire satisfaction. t1in-
liberal,
SPECIALTIES i
1othln. Always on han't, la(lle,anl
riiitiuvns' teady "Je uuder ctetlliny,
eluaks, Nicks, aprons, etc.
Rrem TrlnnninK. An extensive va
rletv nf silk, satin, entton and auolvu
(tivis trimmings, always in tire.
lllii(r. llnnev-cimiKastnielian and
aler-irHI io; n, oi inr nesi (junimet.
Vara, Me. Laities' and children's rom
plctc acts nf inn and swandoa n, if IhIchS
siyies.
S'lilanon. Latest styles constantly on
hand, at low figures.
M raeetlansew, Unings and fliKUnm
of all grades and iualitl(!S, a fall amin
inent. '
JAUIN'KTS MtJSI.INS, KMItUOIDKHIl-N
MAI'KIt LINKS. Kill AXIt ALL
O T H b It VAUIKTIIW or
liLOVKs, itosK, irlvr.
Mv determlnallon lwtng to alvt wttrfae
tlon' in style and quality of wrk and
prices, 1 ask a share of nnblk ratronagit.
tall ai store
Opposits A. Oarotheis a. Co.,
rtrat street. Albany, Oregon.
MKNIIKN1IAI.I. A (.ODI.KY.
MIIS. C. r. MENDKKIIALI..
Hits. HAIIAII O. OOW.KT.
tdTAgent for Mrs. (iin'enter's Cn.r,
nRATED DKi-ss Monn.. Nov. 4.7l-v4
1'ATBNT GATE, ETC.
8elf-Oponing and Srlf-Clasinf
GATE.
TATENTKII I1Y JOHJf IIIOKASOX,
June i, 17.
'I'llK GATK IS W) roNWRt'trrKli That
J wlicn Ihr Vehicle apprnnclics It tliu
wIhwIs on onr sldr jioss over a k'ver wliicli
is roiinected to the itatr liiaa uj a rwl,
thnsuiwninx the irate txrfore yon and lust
enln It open. After Rolnx Ihmnsh, tlm
eftrriugr lnssc over a similar fc-vr i , alls,
connci'tcd wlili lhPKteliiiii,caiislnglhn
trntc. In its rotation, to shut behind you
and fasten.
No Getting Out of Tour Vehicle !
So Raising ot Latches Nor Pulling
of Strings,
Kxeept th "rthlmna" of your team. It Is
often culled
THE " LAZY MAX'S GATE,''
And a
"Oead Open and Skill.
ThU rate Is nlmple in Its construction,
both of Iron and wood work, and not Hkely
to eel out of order. If u neat, cheap aate
lsdesiTOl.il nwy be made light, with three
cross burs ol wood and ono-fonrth inch
wire, neatly curved at the top, the tower
end hid In the bottom bar, which Is the
slvlc of n factory made gate. Tlie sales
are now in practical use In several of the
coiintirsaromid Sin Francisco, and plenty
of testiniouluals can be given.
THOMAS i. SAITOH,
Ilnving purchased the
Kight for Linn Co., Oregony
Has now on hand, and will manaCM'tum
tlie above described gate. Wherevtrlt has
been used It has received the lttfrfceat en
comiums, as the large number a certin--cates
from prominent farmem to all parts,
of the conntry, now In say saada, will
testify.
CARRIAGES AMD WA(iOXP
Of AH
On hand aad maniMhstiad tord..
Blaekssalthiag an aasoairutf
none tn order at meat reatmnahl rate..
Khop foot of Tern street, apposite BraelK.
Montelth CCS flouring aaOls.
THOHAB j. sarroRii.
Albany, Oet. SS, BM
STOVES INSURANCE, ETC.
OLD STOVE DEPOT.
' JOHN BRINGS,
;. . . "':f'
Malar la ,
R A N OES.
COOK, PABW)R AND BOX,
STOVES J
Of the best patterns.
, TLH, NHEBT iaaB
And the nanal aasertsaent ot furntehlng
jooda to tw obtained la a tin store.
Repairs neatly and promptly executed.
aawsa
ill
noNT mnv, t.
Bee. (., WSS-t