TU
nlILLSB6R
VOL. VI.
IIILLKIIOItO, OltKUOX. TIIUHSDAY, DECEMIIEU 7, 1899.
NO. 38.
1
Text of President's An
nual Address.
imilY IN Till: rillLIITIXIiS
lUUi-lllim I Naarly Kudad 1 Mk
rleuiinanilalloa fur Vulur Uutara
m.ul All Uurninule At rrUnilljr
lu In lulUiI Stelae-fat ur tiuld.
To the tonal anil House of Itnprr-sohta-lives:
At tha thr.-hui u( fuut dIHrlli.ns
, y,u ar ralM lu inuurn Willi your i-outi-tiytm-n
lh drain of Vlrv-I'rtadvnt
, burl, who imawtt tram I 111. Iltu on llu
morning of Nuvi-mlwr il tad, lilt great
uul now n.lit In elrninl (wane. Hi. url
val lira iura and elvalil. whlla 111
Inilillo nirrr was ever distinguished by
lurtt rauai-lty, atilnUa Inunr.ty and ex
alted mu Ivts. Ilo hull lwn reltiovml (lull)
Iha Mull ottU-a which ho ht.nurrd and dig
lilltod, but hi lolly vharaclnr, hat devo
tion (a duly hn hunp.iy ut uurposa and
tiublv v'.rlurs remain with u u I ptl-e-Um
legacy and amtl.
(OJDITIM Or Till" tOl.VrHV.
I'rosprrllr at llunn una t'eae Hltk
All Unraala,
Tha Ulh cotmrvaa convenes In Its II rut
regular r.on with tha country In
vuiiUlilun ut uuuaunl iruaHrliy, of uni
versal (oU-wlll among Ilia IK-opla at
homo and relation uf peace and lilillil
hli with awry xuvvrumriil of I ho world.
Our lulnlun coinmurra hna alioou unat
lilt raoaa III v.iiciiiio and viihin. Tha c.iin
bui.il Imiwrta and vxiorta for tha yauf
ara tha lurax.l aver ahown by alualn
y.ar In all our hil. ry. uur viorta lor
IK'J aluna rn,lnl by mora than ll.uw,
uju.uii uur liiiii ria and rapuria roniU nrd
In ll. Tha lniKirla pr capita ara W Hr
i-piit Iraa than In !"'). whlla tha vnpurta
Pr capita ara U nr cant mura than in
la''0, allowing thn attluriii'tl capacity ul lha
t'nltad Hiaica to aailafy lha wania uf It'
own Inrraaalng populallon, a well aa to
contribute to Howe uf tha pcoplca of othur
iiaiioiut. K'tta of aai Iculiural prwluoia
Wfra tM.Vt.Ul Of mauufuciurrd prod
uct! wa rp..rtil In value T.i.it':, I W,
Inn laraar than any prevluua year. Il la
a nuiaworthy fact thai I ho only year a In
alt uur hi.tory when lb produria ut our
niaiiufiiciurxa aold abtnad cH'cmlcd tlsoao
buuaht abroad wnra IK and IkMI,
nACK OK TIIK AUOI.
Heeelpla and lllabiiraemeats fur the
laat Klaeal tear,
(lovernnieiit receipt, from all souni-s for
tha rtx al year ended Juno l, Iki, Includ
ing (tl.itsM.ai4 It, part payment uf the Cen
tral I'urlrlo Indebtedness, aggregatinl l.lu,
teii.UM US. of this sum, customs receipts
Were l'M.I.4M Ti, and Ihuss from luler
Iml revenue fr3.3T.lfll 61. Kur the n.cnl
year lha espciulllurce were :ou,uW,M ul,
having a d.. licit of JxSUll.MS
Tha secretary of tha treasury estimates
that the receipts tor the current tlacal
year will aggregate ICto.sMi.lli. and upon
the basis of present appropriation! I ho -pendlturea
will aggregate m XJi.tll Imiv.
lug i,.utM. Vur Ihe flacal year ended
June H, IMS), he Internal revenue receipts
were Increased about loo,0uu,uuo,
TIIK UUI.U TAMIAIIIl.
A r lttlna; Time to Malta Provlaloa for
Its (uallnuancr.
1 urgently recommend that, to support
tha rxlutlng gold s andard and to uialn
taln lha parity In value of lha coins of
the two metals (gold and silver) and the
equal power uf every dollar at all times
lu Hit market and In tha payment uf
debts, the secretary of (he treasury be
Itlven additional power and charged with
the duty to sell United Htntra bonds and
to employ auch other rffecllve means as
may be necessary to these ends. The au
thority should Include the power lo sell
bunds on lone and short time, a condi
tions nitty require, and ahuuld provide
for a rale uf Interest lower than that
filed by Ihe net of January It. 1K75. While
there Is now na commercial fright which
withdraw gold from the government,
but, on the contrary, such widespread
runrtilcnce that gold seeks tho treasury,
demanding paper money In exchange, yet
tht very situation points to Ihe present as
the must titling time to make adcitunia
provision to Insure the continuance of tha
gold standard and of public conlldenca In
tha ability and purpose of tha govern
ment to meet all It obligations In tha
nancy which the civilised wurld recog
nises the best.
Ol'H MUIICIIAXT IWAH1MC.
Industrial (irentnrss should lla gup.
pleiiMnteil by Hen I'roitreaa,
Tha vuluo of an American merchant mu
rine to the extension of our comtnoro ul
Irado and (ho strengthening uf our power
upon tho sea Invites thu Immediate acilun
of congress. Our national development
will be one-sliled niul unsatisfactory so
long as the remarkuhlo growth of our In
land Industries remains uniicc uiipitnled
by progress on the sea. There Is no luck
of' constitutional authority fur leglsla Ion
which shall give to tho country mtirlilmo
truttgth commensurate with Ita Indus
trial achievements und with Its rank
among nations of tha earth. Tho past
year has recorded exceptional nativity In
our shipyards, and tho promises uf con
tinual prosperity In shipbuilding ure uhun
dant, Advanced leglsltitlon for the proteo
Hon of our acumen has been enacted. Our
coast trade, under regulations wisely
framed ut the beginning of tha govern
ment and since, shows results for the past
fiscal your unequulcd In our record or
those of any oilier power. We shall full
to realise our opportunities, however, If
we complacently regard only mattors nt
home und blind oursolves to tho ncccs.-lly
of securing our share In tha valuubla cur
rying trade of tha world,
I.sat year American vessels transported
n smaller share of our exports and Imports
than during nny former year In nil our
history, and the measure of our depend
ence upon foreign ahlpnlng was painfully
manifested to our people. Without any
choice of our own, but from necessity, tho
departments of tho government charged
with military and naval operations In the
Kast and In the West Indies hud to ob
tain from foreign flags merchant vossoU
essentia) for these operations.
FitonijgM OK THU Till srs.
Need of Burly Amendment of the Kx
latlnii Irftw.
Comblnntlnna of capital, organized Into
trusts to control the conditions of trade
among our citizens, to stllle competition,
limit production, nnd determine tho prices
of products consumed by the people, am
provoking public discussion nnd should
early claim the attention of congress. The
Industrial commission creuted by the
act of congress of June 18, 1MM,
haa been engaged In extended hearing!
uiuin Iha d sputi-d um-stlim Invulv.d In
Ilia auliji'i'l of conililnalliiti In ra
airalnl uf Irmta and cuniM-liiton. Thy
hava mil yt riimplutad ilia Invistlgatluti
uf Ihla suliji-il, and lha voiioluiilutis and
roroiiitnrtMluilon. at which tlu-y may ar
rival am unilwlurmliicil. The suti)tt-t la una
giving riioi lu many illvi rit.iil vli-w as lu
Ilia nature and verlnty or hum and i-s-li'iit
uf lha Injuria! In tha iiulillc which
nay arlsa fiuni large combinations con
rtniirallng mr or !- iiuini'ruua eiilnr-irlsi-s
and mliitillahmuiils, whli'h provliiu
lu lha formal Ion uf lha combination were
rarr.nl on siis.eti'ly, II la unlvetsully
I'on '.'ili'd lhat cumlilimtlnnt which onitro
or conlrul lha nmiket uf any particular
kind of mnrvhandlaa or rommodlty news
stiry lo lha iton.ral community by sup
pressing natural and ordinary -iimtill-llun,
whir.liy iri aru unduly etihunced
lo lha gi'iivral oonsurimr, aro olmuslou
riot only lu lha i-oinmon law. but alao lo
Ilia pulille welfare. Thi-ro muat la rum
rily fur tha evils Involved In such organ
isations. If tha urxai-ril law ran ba e
txiidud mora certainly to control or cheek
thus monupollea or Iruala, II ahuuld I'
(bine without dolay. Whatvvvr puwor lha
tvuiari'aa poeaaaar ovrr Ihla moat Import
am auhlM't ahould ba prumptly ascer
tained and asserted.
rollKION ItkL ATIOXH.
No) lllapula of Irrlaua Harartrr W illi
Awy (lov.ruiurBl.
A review uf our rclutlona with foraian
atalra la preanted. wllh auch recuin
nn iubittiina aa ara deemed Mpproprlutc.
In my laat annual nxautge I advrlad
tu the clulm of tha Au.lro-lluniiar.an
Kovci mni-tu for Inilrninlty fur lha kllllnic
uf cei lulu Auatrlan and llunmirlan .uli
).ct by I ho aulhorltlca of Hie atule ut
iVunaylvanla, at 1-atfltncr, whlla aup
pnaaln an unlawful tumult uf mlntia,
Hepiemher 10, I Mil. In view of lha verd it
of acipilttul remlerad by (h court bifura
which the aherlff and hut deputies aero
tried fur murder, and follunlna lha aalab
llahl dtH'tritia that the government may
mil ba held arcouutahla fur Injuria Buf
fered by ludlvlduala at (he handa uf tha
public aulhorllloa while a. Una In tha Una
of duly In aupireaaln; dialurbancca uf tha
public peace, Ihla vov.rnmenl, alter dua
coiialilerallon of tha claim advanced by
Ihe Aualro-lluniriiran government, wni
coiuiiralncd lo ilecllua liability to Indem
nity tha auffervia.
It la (riitlfylue; tu ba able to announce
lrt the lii iglm government ha mlilgated
tha rcatrlcliuna on lha UntHirtutlon of
rattle from the 1'nlled Hlntea, tu which 1
rcferrid lu my lax a mum I nieaauce.
M( A It Att AVM..
latas uf the Keerotlatluna fur lha
later-Ocean Waterway,
The contract of tha Maritime Canal
Company, of Nicaragua, waa declared t
f .i tilted by the Nicaragua government '
on the loth of October, uu lha ground uf '
nonruUtllmcnt within the lo-year term i
stipulated In iha contract. Tho Maritime j
Canal Company haa lodged a pruteat t
alnat thla action, alleging rights In tha 1
prenilies which appear worthy of con
nictation. This government expects that
k , .Ml sar . . . ..... .. !
I ,ii , . . i k J , J, " i
hi ?"1 '" hUr'"" Ul'n "'0 ' i
tne case.
The Nicaragua canal commission.
Which hss been engaged upon the work
, of vxamlnut'on and survey uf a ship canal
route across Nicaragua, having completed
Its labors and made Its report, was dis
solved on May II, and on Juno 10 a
new commission, known as tho Isthmian
canal commission, was organised under
the terms of the act approved March
I. lKiS, for the purpose of examining the
American Isthmus with a view to deter
mining the most practicable and feasible
route fur a ship canal across that Isth
mus, wllh Us probable coat ami other
reaeutlal details. This commission, un
der the presidency of Hear-Admiral John
! U. Walker, United Sifilcs navy (retired).
entered promptly upon the work Intrusted
tu II, and la nuw carrying on examina
tions In Nicaragua along the roule of the
I'anama canal, and In Ibirlcn from the
Atlantic In Ihe neighborhood of Ihe Artrlo
river to the bay of 1'onsma. on lha l'n
cltlc side. Uood progress has been made,
but under the law a comprehensive and
complete Investigation Is called for. which
I vltl rcotilra much laboe anil connlilerablo
time for Ita accompllahment. The work
will ba prosecuted aa expeditiously as
possible, and a report may bo expected
at the earliest practicable date.
The great Importance of this work can
not le too often or too strongly pressed
upon tho attention of the congress. In my
message of a year ago I expressed my
views of the necessity of a canal which
' u-,.,,1.1 III, b tl, Iwfl tfeitat n.M,HnH In which
, .,,. ..... ... ...... w . -
'f .....I.. I....I,. ....... ......I.I..... i I'l..
1 nanui iiituu "Mi ,,iii.,i,.-i i, .ii.ii. iiw
reasons then presented for early action
ara even stronger now,
(iltKAT II It IT A U AM) CASAtM.
Alaska llounilarr Contention and
(tllerr t'narttleil Uucallona.
In my lust annual message, I referred to
the pending negotiations with Ureal ltrlt-
nln In respect to the nonunion of Cuntuliv.
Ily means of an executive agreement, a
l Joint high commission had tu rn created
for the purpose or udjuntlng all umo.tlcd
questions between the United State und
Canada, embracing 11 subject, among
which were the questions of the fur seals,
Ihe (liberies of the cuust and contiguous
Inland waters, the Alaska boundary, the
transit of nicrchnn.lle In bond, the alien
labor law, mining rights, reciprocity In
trade, revision of Ihe agreement respect
ing naval vessels In tho Great Lakes, a
more complete marking of parts of tho
: boundary, provision for the conveyance of
I criminals, and for wrecking and salvage.
I Much progress had been made by the
cummlsslun toward tho adjustment of
many of these questions, when It heenmo
apparent that an Irreconcilable difference
I of views was entertained respecting the
delltnllutlon of tho AliiHka boundary. In
the failure of nn agreement to the mean
ing of articles III und lv of the treaty of
lKitfi between Uus.ilti and Ort'tit Hiltaln,
which dellncd the boundary between Alas
ka and Camilla, the American romml.slon-
crs proposed that the subject of tho
i boundary ba lit Id aside, nnd that the re
, imilnlng otics Ions of difference bo pro
ceeded wllh, some of which were so far
advanced as to unsure the probability of a
settlement. This being declined 'by the
British commissioners, tin adjournment
wns taken until tho boundary should' ho
adjusted by the two governments. Tha
subject hit been receiving the careful at
tention which Ita Importance demands,
wllh tho result thnt a modus vlvondl for
provisional demarkntlonj In the region
, about tho head of l.ynn canal has been
! agreed upon, and It la hoped that tho
' negotiations now In progreas between the
' two governments will end In tin agree
ment for the establishment and delimita
tion of a peimuncnt boundary.
Attitude. In Aiiwlo-lloer War.
Apart from these questions growing out
of our relationship wllh our northern
neighbor, the most friendly disposition
and ready agreement have mnrked the
uisuiiBsioii ui me numerous matters tins-
ing in tne vast una ;intimaie intercourse
i ma oiuivu rumen Willi ureal rU'lUlUl.
This government has maintained nn alti
tude of neutrality In the unfortunate con
test between Great Hrltnln and the Door
slates of Africa. We have remalnod
faithful to the precept of avoiding en
tangling ulllances as to affairs not of our
own direct concern. Had circumstances
atiKttcsted that the parlies to the quarrel
would have welcomed any kind expression
of Hie liupe uf tho American people that
the war might be averted, good oflleos
i would have been gladly tendered. The
, United States representative at Pretoria
I win early Instructed to see that all neutral
, American Interests be reapeoted by the
conilmlnnta. Thla hna been nn raay taak,
In view of tha pnaltlve deelarattotui of
both lirltlrh and Itwr ouihorlilea that tha
pcraonnl and property rlifhla of our clll
na ahuuld li ohaerved.
t'pon tha wllhdrawiO of tha Ilrltlah
aa-ent from l'retorln, the United H'atea
conaul waa iiutliorlx-d, tiMin Ihe reiiiet
of lha llrltlah Kuvermnent, and with tha
aaaent of Ihe Huulh Afrlcnn and OranKO
Kroe Htute Kuvnrnmenta, to eierclao the
cuatomary Komi unices uf a neutral for
the cure of llrllleh lutereale. In the dla-charg-a
uf ihla function 1 urn haiiy to aay
that uhundant upHirtunlly has been f
fordixl tu show tha Impartiality uf this
government to both tha combnlrtnta for
tha fourth llmo In (ha preacnt dvcade.
Obllgatlona to ( oba Muat lla Kept.
Thla nation has aaaumed before lha
wurld a grave renponslhlllty fur the fu
ture good government uf Cuba. Wa hava
accepted a truat, the fulfillment uf which
culls for the sternest Integrity uf purpura
and tha aierclau uf the highest wisdom.
The new Cuba yet lo arise from the astuig
of the past muat needs ba bound to ua by
Ilea of singular Intimacy and strength. If
Its enduring welfare Is to lie assured.
Whether Iheso ties shall be organic or con
venlloiial, the destinies of Cuba are In
sumo rightful form and manner Irre
vocably linked wllh our own, but how and
how fur Is fur the future to determine In
Ihe rlpeneaa of events. Whatever lie the
outcome, wa must see to It that free Cuba
te a reality, not a name; a perfect entity,
nut a hasty eiperlment bearing within
Itself tha elements of failure, our mis
slun, lo accomplish which wa louk
up tha gaga of battle, la not
to ba fulltiled by turning adrift any
I .osely framed commonwealth to faca the
vlclaalludc which too often attend weak
er stalea, whose natural wealth and abun
dant resources are off aa-t by the Incongrui
ties of their political organisation and lha
recurring occasions for Internal rlvalrlea to
sap their strength and dissipate their en
ergies. The greatest blesflng which can
come lo Culm Is the restoration uf her ag
ricultural and Industrial prusperliy, which
will give employment to tills men and
re-establish the pursuits of peace. This la
her chief and Immediate need. On tho
lth uf last August an order was made fur
tha taking of the census In the Island, to
bo completed on Ihe Suth of N'ovcmtier.
THIS I'lllLiriMHB Ql ErriO.
Acquisition of Ihe lalaads-Tha Klll
dIdu Insurrection,
On the loth of December, 1M. (h treaty
of peace between the United States end
tJpaln waa s.gned. It provided, among
other things, that Bpaln should cede lo
tha 1'nlled States the archlH-lago knuan
as the t'hlllpplne l.landa. that the United
Htatra should pay tu Hpaln the sum of t-.-ouo.uui.
and that the civil r.ghta and po.itl
cal atatua of the native Inhabitants of
the territories thus ceiled to the United
Htales should be determined by lha con
gress. The treaty was ratified by the sen
ate on the 6lh of February, lNi, and by
the government of Hpaln on Ihe lath tf
March following. The ratifications wcra
; exchanged on tha 11 1 h of April, and the
V.rV. '.. . ri... X" ! 1 .
treaty publicly proclaimed. On the M of
Mltri II. ill' tUIlRIVIMI fUKU 1113 IUIU l"M
templated by Ihe treaty, and the amount
waa paid ovl-r lo tho Spanish government
,. , ..... . . . ,,
till HIS l"l O ill III' IIIWIIIIVI l,,w
rhlllpplnes came lo the United Stales. The
lslimda were ceded by the government of
Spain, which had been In undisputed pos
session of them for centuries. They ere
accepted not merely by our autho.-lxed
commissioners In 1'arls. under tha direction
uf the executive, but by the cotuttltu'.lonal
and well-cunshlercd action of tha repre
sentatives of the people of the United
States In both houses of congress.
1 had every reason to bclUve, and I still
believe, (hut this transfer of sovereignty
was In accordance wllh tho wishes and
the aspirations of the great mass of tha
r'll plno people. From the earliest moment
no opportunity was lost of asurlng tha
people of the Islands of our ardent desire
for their welfare and of the Intention of
this government lo do everything poslble
to advance their Interests. In my order of
the l!"h of May, IW. the commander of
Ihe military expedition dispatched to the
1 l'hlllpplnes wns Instructed to declare that
we came not to make war on tha people
of tho country, "nor upon any part or
faction among them, tut to protect them
In their homes. In their employments snd
In their personal and religious rights."
That there should be no doubt as to the
paramount authority there, on the l'th
of August, it was directed that "there
must he no Joint occupation with the In
surgents": that the United States must
, preserve the peace and protect persons
1 nnd property within the territory occu
pied by tnetr mttnary ana navni rorccs;
that the Insurgents and all others must
recognise the military occupation and au
thority of Ihe United States. As early ui
December 4. before the cession and In on
tlclputlon of that event, the commander In
Manila was urged to restore peace and
tranquility, and to undertake the estab
lishment of a benellclcnt government,
which should afford tha fullest security
for llfo nnd property.
On the Slst of December, after the treaty
wns signed, the commander of the forces
of occupation was Instructed "to announce
and proclaim, In the most publlo manner,
that we come, not as Invaders and con
querors, but as friends to protect the na
tives In their homes, In their employments
nnd In their personal and rellglou
rights." The same day, while ordering
General Otis to see that peace should be
preserved In Ho Ilo, he was admonished
that: "It Is most Important thnt there
should be no conflict with the Insurgents,'
On the first day of January, 1SH9, general
order reiterated that the kindly Inten
Hons of this government should In every
possible way, be communicated to the
Insurgents.
The rblllpplrre Commission,
On tho 21st of January, I announced my
Intention of dispatching to Manila a com
mission composed of three gentlemen of
the highest character and distinction,
thoroughly ncqunlnted wllh the Orient,
who, In association with Admiral Dewey
nnd Mn.lor-Geucral Otis, were Instructed
to "facilitate, the most humane and ef'
fectlve ends nnd to secure, with the least
possible delay, the benefits of a wise and
generous protection of lite and proeprty to
the Inhabitants." These gentlemen were
Dr. Jacob Gould Schurman, president of
Cornell university; the Hon, Charles Den
by, for many years mlnls'er to China,
and Professor Dean C. Worcester, of the
university of MIchlgHn, who had made
a most careful study of life In the Phil
ippines.
While the treaty of peace was under
consideration In the senate, these commls
'.oner set out on their mission of good
will and liberation. Their character was o
sutllclcnt gimrnnty of the benellclcnt pur
pose with which they went, even If they
had not borne the positive Instructions of
this government which made their errand
pre-eminently one of pence and friendship.
jit before their arrival In Mnnlln, the
a'nbter ambition of a few leaders of the
Filipinos had created a s'tuutlon full of
, omlmrrnssments for us and most grlevoui
ita consequences to themselves,
Tne. clear nnd Impartial preliminary re-
port of the commissioners, which I trans
mit herewith, gives so lucid and compre'
henslve a history of the present tnsunreo
tlotmry movement that the story need
not be here repeated. It Is enoufth to say
ttmt the claim of the rebel leader, thot
he wns promised Independence by nny
otucer of the United States In return for
his assistance has no foundation In fact.
nnd Is categorically denied by the very
witnesses who were cnlled to prove It,
The most the Insurgent lender hoped for
when he came bnck to Manila wns the
liberation of the Islands from the Spanish
control, which they had been laboring for
years, without success, to throw on.
Outbreak of Ik Inaarrrrtlon. I
The prompt accomplishment uf this
work by the American nrtny and navy
gave him other Ideas and ambition, and
Insidious suggestion from various quar- ,
ters perviirted t),a purttosrs and Intentions ,
with which ha had taken up arms. No
sooner had our army captured Manila than
lha Klllplno forrea began to assume an
attitude uf ausplelon and hostility, wnten
the utmost efforts of our officers and
troops were unable to disarm or modify.
Their kindness and forbearance was taken
as a proof of ruwwrdlrc. The aggression
of the Klllplnos continually Increased, un
til, nriully. Just before the time set ror tne
senate of the United States to vote upon
the treaty, an attack, evidently prepared
In advance, was mad all along the
American llnee, which resulted In a terri
bly destructive and sanguinary repulse of
the Insurgents.
Ten day lotr an order of the Insurgent
government wss Issued to It adherents
who had remained In Manila, rif which
General fMIs Justly observes that "for
barbarous Intent It I unrqualod In mod
ern times." It dlrwte that at I o'clock
on the night of the 14th of February, the
territorial mllltla shall come together In
the streets of San Pedro, armed with
their holos, with guns and ammunition
where convenient: that r'lllplno families
only shall be respected: that all other
Individuals, of whatever race they may
lie. shall tie exterminated without any
compassion, after the extermination of
the army of occupation, and adds:
"Urothers. we must avenge ourselves on
Ihe Americans and exterminate them,
thnt we may take our revenge for the
Infamies and treacheries which they have
committed upon us. Have no compassion
upon them: attack with vigor."
A copy of this fell, br good fortune.
Into the hands of our nftlreirs. and they
were able to take measures to control the
rising, which was actually attempted on
the night of February 22. a week later
than was originally contemplated. A con
siderable number of armed Insurgents en
tered the city by waterways and swamoe.
and. In concert with confederate Inside.
attempted to destroy Manila by fire. Ther
wnre kept In check during the night, and
the next day driven out of the city, with
heavy loss.
What Ihe Commlealon Found.
This wns the unhappy condition of af
fairs which confronted our commissioners
on their arrival In Manila. They had
come with the hone and Intention of co
operation with Admiral Dewey and Mi-Jor-Genernl
Otis In establishing peace and
order In the archipelago, and the largest
measure of self-government compatible
with the true welfeire of the people. What
they actually found can best be set forth
In their own words:
"Deplorable as war Is, the one In which
we ara now engaged was unavoidable by
us. We were attacked by a bold, adven
turous and enthusiastic army. No alter
native was left us. except Ignominious
retreat It It not to be conceived of that
any American would have sanctioned the
surrender of Manila to the Insurgents.
Our obligations to other nations and to
Ihe friendly Filipinos and to ourselves and
our flag demanded that force should be
met with force. Whatever the future of
the Philippines may be. there Is no course
open to ua now except the prosecution of
the war until the Insurgents are reduced
to submission. The commission Is of the
opinion that there ha been no time since
the destruction of the Spanish aqundmn
by Admiral Dewey when It wns posslb'e
to withdraw our farces from the Islands
either with honor to ourselves or with
safety to the Inhabitants."
The course thus clearly Indicated has
been unflinchingly pursued. The rebel
linn must be put down. Civil government
cannot be thoroughlv established until
order I restored. With a devotion nnd
gallantry worthy of Its most brilliant
history, the Birmy, ably and loyally as
sisted by the navy, ha carried on this un
welcome but most righteous campaign
with richly deserved success. The noble
self-sacrifice with which our soldiers and
snllor. whose terms of sen-Ice hsd ex
pired, refused to avail themselves of their
right to return home as long as they were
needed at the front, forms one of the
brightest pages In our annals. Although
their operations have been somewhat In
terrupted nnd checked by a .-nlny season
of unusual violence and duration, they
have gained ground stendlly In everv di
rection, nnd now look forward confidently
to a speedy completion of their task.
The unfavorable circumstances con
nected with an active campaign have not
been permitted to Interfere with the
equally Important work of reconstruc
tion. Again I Invite your attention to the
renort of the commissioners for the Inter
esting; and encouraging details of the
work already accomplished In the es
tablishment of pence and order nnd the
Inauguration of self-governing municipal
life In many portions of the archipelago.
Civil Government In Keffroa.
A notable beginning has been mude In
the establishment of a government In
the Island of Negros, which Is deserving
of special consideration. This was the
tlrst Island to accept American sovereign
ty, lla people unreservedly proclaimed
allegiance to the United Slates, and
adopted a constitution looking to the es
tablishment of a popular government. It
was Impossible to guarantee to the peo
ple of Negros that the constitution so
adopted should be the ultimate form of
government. Such a question, under the
treaty with Spain and in accordance with
our own constitution and laws, came ex
clusively under the Jurisdiction of con
gress. The government actually set up
by the Inhabitants of Negros eventually
proved unsatisfactory to the natives them
selves. A new system was put Into force
by order of the major-general command
ing the department, of which the following-
are the most Important elements:
It wns ordered that the government of
the Island of Negros should consist of a
military governor, appointed by the
United States military governor of the
Philippines, and a civil governor and an
advisory council elected by the people. The
military governor was authorised to ap
point secretaries of the treasury, Interior,
agriculture, publlo Instruction, an attorney-general
and an auditor. The seat of
government was fixed at Bacolor. The
military governor exercises the supreme
executive power. He Is to see that the
laws are executed, appoint to offices and
fill all vacancies In otllce not otherwise
provided for, and may; with the approval
of the mtlltnry governor of the Philip
pines, remove any officer from office. The
civil governor advises the military gov
ernor on all public and civil questions,
and presides over the advisory council.
He, In genernl, performs the duties which
are performed by secretaries of state In
our own system of government. The ad
visory council consists of eight members
elected by tho people within territorial
limits, which are defined In the order of
tho commanding general, ,
Agreement With Sultnn of Sains,
The authorities of the Sulu Islands have
accepted the succession of the United
States to the rights of Spain, nnd our flag
floats over that territory. On the 10th
of August, 1S99, Brigadier-General Bates,
United States volunteers, negotiated nn
ngreemont with the sultan and his prin
cipal chiefs, which I transmit herewith.
Rebellion Nearly Ended. .
I communicate them facts to the con
gress for Its Information and action.
Everything Indicates that with the speedy
suppression ot the Tagal rebellion, lite In
the archipelago will Boon assume its ordi
nary course under the protection ot our
sovereignty, and the people of those fa
vored Islands will enjoy a prosperity and
a freedom which they have never before
known. Already hundreds of schools nr
open and filled with children. Religious
freedom Is sacredly assured and enjoyed,
and the courts are dispensing justice.
Business la beginning to circulate In Ua
accustomed channels. Manila, whoa In
habltanta were fleeing to the country a
few months ago. Is now a populous and
thriving mart uf commerce. The earnest
and unremitting endeavor of the cum
mlMion and the admiral and major-general
commanding the department of the
Pacific, to assure the people of the benefi
cent Intention of this government, have
had their legitimate effect In convincing
the great mass of them that peace and
safety and prosperity and stable govern
ment can only be found In a loyal accept
ance of the authority of the United States.
The Duty of Coagfreea.
The future government ot the Philip
pines rests with lb congress of the Unit
ed State. Few irraver responsibilities
have ever been Confided to us. If at
accept them In a spirit worthy uf our race
and tradition, great opportunity comes
with ttoam. The Islands lie under the
shelter of our flag. They are ours by
every title of law and equity. They can
not be abandoned. If we desert them we
leave them at one to anarchy and finally
Ui barbarism. We fling them, a gulden
apple of discord, among tha rival power,
no one of which would permit another to
seise them unquestioned. Their rich
plain and valleys would be the seen of
endles strife and bloooahed. The advent
uf Dewey's fleet In Manila bay. Instead
of being, aa we hope, the dawn of a new
day of freedom and progress, would have
been the beginning of an era of misery and
violence worse than any which bas dark
ened their unhappy past
It doe not seem desirable that I should
recommend at this time a specific final
form of government for the Islands.
When peace shall be restored It will be the
duly of congress to construct a plan of
government which shall establish and
maintain freedom and order and peace In
the Philippines. The Insurrection Is still
existing, and when It terminates, further
Information will be required aa to the
actual condition of affair before Inaugu
rating a permanent scheme of civil gov
ernment. The full report of :', commission, now
In preparation, will contain Information
and suggestions which will be of value to
congress, and which I will transmit a
soon as It la comoleted. As long as the
Insurrection continues, the military arm
must necessarily be supreme.
LAWS FOR ALASKA.
Necessity tor Immediate Le-arlslatlve
Art Ion.
A necessity for Immediate legislative ac
tion exists ln the territory of Alaska.
Substanttally"the only law providing a
civil government for this territory Is the
act of May 17, 1SK4. This I meager In its
provisions and I fitted only for the ad
ministration of affalis In a country sparse
ly Inhabited by civilised people and unim
portant In trade and production, aa was
Alaska at the time this act wa passed.
The Increase In population by Immigra
tion during the past few years, consequent
upon the discovery of gold, has produced
such a condition as calls for more ampl
facilities for local self-government and
more numerous conveniences of civil and
Judicial administration.
THE PIERTO RICA.1S.
Ilardahlpa Worked by the Laws at
Present la Force.
I recommend that legislation to the
same end be had wllh reference to Puerto
Hlco. The lime la ripe for the adoption
of a temporary form of government for
this Island, and many suggestions made
wllh reference to Alaska are applicable
also to Puerto Rico. The system of civil
Jurisprudence now adopted by the people
of this Island Is described by competent
lawyers who are familiar with It, as
thoroughly modern and scientific, so far
as It relates to matters of Internal busi
ness, trade, production and social and
private rights In general. The cities of
the Island are governed under charters
which probably require very little or no
change. So that with relation to matters
of local concern and private right. It Is
not probable that much. If any. legislation
Is desirable: tut with reference to pub
lic administration and the relations of tha
Islands to the federal government there
are many matters which are of pressing
urgency.
OTHER MATTERS DISCUSSED.
Blob Law Denounced Lynching
Mnat Not He Tolerated.
The love of law and sense ot obedience
nnd submission to the lawfully constl
luted tribunals are Imbedded In the
hearts of our people, and any viola-
ton of these sentiments and disregard ot
their obligations JusMy arouses publlo
condemnation. The guaranties of life, lib
erty and of civil lights should be faithfully
upneld; tne right of trial by Jury re
spected and defended. The rule ot the
courts should assure the public ot the
prompt trial of those charged with crim
inal offense, and upon conviction the pun'
Ishment should be - commensurate with
the enormity of the crime. Those who
in disregard of law and public peace,
unwilling to await the judgment of court
and jury, constitute themselves Judges
and executioners should not escape the
severest penalties of their crimes.
Kilendlngt the Classified Service.
The executive order of May (, 1S36, ex'
tending the limits of the classified serv
ice, brought within the operation of the
civil service law and rules nearly all of
the executive civil service not previously
classified. Some of the Inclusions were
found wholly illogical and unsulted to
the work of the several departments. Tha
application of the rules to many ot the
places so Included was found to result
In friction and embarrassment. After long
and very thorough consideration. It be
came evident to the heads of the depart
ments responsible for their efficiency that
In order to remove these difficulties and
promote an efficient and harmonious ad'
ministration, certain amendments were
necessary. These amendments were pro
mulgated by me In executive order dated
May 29, 1899.
Anniversary of Washington's Death.
The 14th of December will be the one
hundredth anniversary of .the death ot
Washington. Fcr a hundred years the re
public has had the priceless advantage
of the lofty standard of character and
conduct which he bequeathed to the
American people. It Is an Inheritance
which time, Instead of wasting, continu-
nlly Increases and enriches. We may
justly hope that in the years to come the
benlrrnant in:,uence of the father ot his
country may be even more potent for
good than In the century which Is draw
ing to a close. I have been glad to learn
that In many parts ot the country the
people will fittingly observe this hlstorlo
anniversary.
Responsibilities of Congress.
Presented to this congress are great op
portunities. With them come great re
sponsibilities. The power confided to ua
Increases the weight of our. obligations to
the people, and we must be profoundly
sensitive ot them as we contemplate the
new and grave problems which confront
us. Aiming only at the public good, wa
cannot err. A right interpretation of the
neoDle s will and of duty cannot fall to
Insure wise measure tor the welfare ot
the islands which have come under the
authority ot the United States, and Inure
to the common Interest and lasting honoi
of our country.
Never has this nation had more abun
dant cause than during the past year foi
thankfulness to God for manifold bless
ing and mercies, for which wa make
reverent acknowledgment.
WILLIAM M'KINLEY.
HOW .
From All Parts of the
World and the Old,
OF INTEREST TO OUR READERS
Comprehensive Kevlew of the Import
ant Happenings of the Past Week
Called From tho Telegraph Columns
The Samoau treaty was tinned tit
Washington.
This year's hop product uf Washing
ton amounts to 3:1,083 bales.
Tho uew Austrian budget provider
for a consul-general in Chicago.
The tone of the Japanese press ou the
war in the Transvaal U decidedly pro-
British.
Genreal Joe Whfeler writes that tht
Filipino war U bein- prolonged by the
antis in tine country.
The British railway companies have
agreed to convey freo to the port of em
barkation, all hooks, papers and peri
odicals intended for nso of the troop
engaged in South Africa.
General Leonard Wood will be the
master of all Cuba under the direction
of the president nntil the time come:
when congress taken action by provid
ing a new civil government for the
island.
The Hernandoi re.volntion is gitinini
ground in Venezuela from day to day,
and is supported by kiulin;- iticiitljrr
of the financial and commercial worlds,
who supply the revolutionists with all
the arms and money they need.
The British dead and wounded .it thi
hard-fought battle of Mixlder rivei
numljered hundreds. The war depart
ment has given 03 tho information
that the total nuinuer of cansnaltiet
was 452, and the number killed, 73.
The Boer Iocs was slight.
Bubonic plagno ha made its entry
into Japan, five undoubted carcs ha vim;
been reported at Kobe, three already
proving fatal. The pert is traced to
cotton imported from China. Much
dismay prevails in the infected city
and the most drastic measures are be
ing taken by the authorities.
According to late advices the trroat
drought in Australia was broken in
October. Terrific tstonns followed, ao
ing great damage, epeciully to build
ings. The Adainttowc Roman Catholic
school, in which 40 children were its
aembled, collapsed. Oae scholar wa?
killed and two others seriously injured
It has been definitely settled that the
auditing department of the Oregon
Short Line is to be bronuht under the
supervision of Auditor Erastua Young,
of the Union Pacific, and all accounts
for both lines audited at Omaha. It
is also rumored that the O. R. & N
auditing department is soon to follow
in the wake of the Short Line.
Lawton has reached Bayombong.
The battle of Graspan was tho first
battle fought on Free State territory.
The internal revenue collected in
Oregon the lust fiscal year amounted
to $413,775.
Troops in Cuba are to be removed
General Wood has given Lis approval
of such action.
Secretary Ga'e will probably con
tinue the purchase of government bonds
for another month or more.
Ex-Collectot of Customs Thomas J.
Black, died suddenly of heart trouble
and asthma at Portland, Or.
Four blocks of business houses were
laid in ashes in Philadelphia. The
total loss is estimated at $3,000,000.
The iron and steel trade is rather
quiet in some lines, but prices are
holding up, and scarcity is predicted
President McKinley is considering a
plan for dividing Cuba into two parts
and placing Geanels W. ood and Lud
low in charge.
The Oregon, Samara and Callao,
with 160 bluejackets nnd marines cap
tured the port of Vigan, province of
south Shcos, notrh of Manila.
American manufacturers are selling
to the outside world over $100,000,000
worth of iron and steel in excess of any
earlier year in then history.
General Methuen, in command of
the British forces, was slightly wound
ed at Modder river. Colonel Northcott
and Lieutenant-Colonel Stopford were
killed.
The great Thanksgiving football
game at Portland between the Mult-
nomahs and the Olympics, of San Fran'
cisco, resulted in a tie, neither side
coring.
Eight thousand Boers were defeated
by General Methruen in the hottest
battle of the war. The light took
place at Modder river and lasted 10
hours.
Great Britain has protested vigorous
ly to this government against the or
ganization of expeditions here, in
tended, presumably, for the assistance
ot the Boers.
The Yanderbilts now have the B. 8s
O. They have also acquired Morgan
holdings in the Big Four and Cheas
peake & Ohio. This is a combination
not contemplated.
Chickamagua is to have a confeder
ate monument to cost $65,000.
Baltimore claims the largest negro
population of any city in the world.
The Berlin police forcibly dissolved
an anarchist meeting in memory of the
Chicago bomb throwers.
Commissioner Evans has granted
pension of $15 per month to Adelaide
W. Bagley, mother of Lieutenant
Worth Bagley, who was killed in tht
war with Spain.
v -
LATER NEWS.
1U. .a K t- ta..
lignsl.
An illicit oleomargarine factory hat
been unearthed at Chicaeo.
The Payrje-IIanna subsidy bill
been introduced in the house.
ha
Jeffries and Corbett are planning to
fijfht at the Parii ex-position and France
ia horrified.
Ninety Boer prisoners are said to
have been massacred at Eland's laagto
by British soldiers.
General Hughe is now occupying
20 Panay town. His lines extend 85
miles north of Ilo Ilo.
The United States supreme court has
decided that the conductor of a freight
train is not a vice-principal.
England is buying males, horses,
canned goods, hay and rails in this
country for shipment to South Africa.
An Astoria contractor wants to haul
the stranded lightship overland from
Ocean beach to Baker's bay. He claims
it can be done.
A cablegram from Hong Kong says
that Aguinaldo is now ready to sur
render if Consul Wildman will receive
him. The junta at Hong Kong advised
him to take such action.
Huntington has bought another big
block of Southern Pacific stock and
there are said to be others in on the
deal. Railroad men believe the Yan
derbilts are in some way concerned.
The shelling of the British camp at
Ladysmith has been far more effective
than previous reports have led people
to believe. Hundreds were killed and
wounded from the Boer bombardment.
Rapid telegraph system will revolu
tionize all correspondence. Such low
rates will be made that merchants can
afford to use the system instead of the
mails. It is to be placed in operation
at once.
General Andrade, the exiled presi
dent, prophesies a gloomy future for
Venezuela. He says there is a revolu
tion within a revolution and the coun
try is on the verge of anarchy. He will
remain in Puerto Rico.
To avoid an injunction ft telephone
company laid its wires in the streets
ef New York at midnight. The new
company will have a long distance line
across the country and will fight the
Bell Company. Tolls will be only
one-half those at present.
The British transport Iamore waa
driven ashore near Cape Town.
Private Merritt, of Battery B, com
mitted suicide at San Francisco. '
Archbishop Chapelle will sail for
Manila on the transport Sherman.
Thirty -eight wheelmen started in a
six-days' bicycle race in New York.
General Methnen is believed to have
resumed the advance to Kimbereley.
Four vessels from Brazil are quaran
tined in New York for fear of plague.
The schooner Eureka, on the beach
near Coquille river, will be a total loss.
After 82 days the Glory of the Seas
has arrived at 'Frisco from Puget
Sound.
Five persons at a Thanksgiving party
in Med ford, Or., had a combined age
of 376 years.
The postmaster at Cape Nome reports
to Washington that the district is as
rich as is represented.
Mr. Taylor, of Ohio, objected to the
swearing in of Roberts, of Utah, aa
soon as congress opened. , .
A big log boom gave away at Che
halis and 2,000,000 feet of logs are
afloat in Gray's harbor.
Appropriations for the three state
scohols in Oregon are running short
and the schools may have to quit.
The United States supreme court ha
declared that a combination of pipe
manufacturers is unconstitutional.
Owing to the death " of Yice-Presi
dent Hobart, the president's message
was not sent to congress on Monday.
Section men on the Southern Pacific
near Milwaukie, Or., struck because
they could not go home to meals and
lodging.
Eastern woolen mills have bought
1,250,000 pounds of wool in St. Louis
at one sale. It is the biggest sale ever
made in the West.
The latest report from the Modder
river camp says the Boers were not
driven to retreat, but marched away ia
the night after the battle.
The Lake Whatcom Shingle Company
has purchased a block of 3,600 acres
of fine timber, thought to contain 120, -000,000
feet, all in Skagit county.
The purchase price was $50,000, and a
railway will be built to the timber.
Among the river and harbor improve
ments eestimatd for under continuous
contracts on which the sum asked for .
is $100,000 or more are the following:
Oakland, Cal., harbor, $180,000; San
Francisco harbor, $170,000; San Pedro
hubor, $300,000; Everett, Wash., har
bor, $150,000; Gray's harbor, Wash.,
$345,000. Also the following river
and harobr improvements: Mouth of
Brazos river, Tex., $220,000; lower
Willamette river below Portland, Or.
$200,000; Columbia river at the cas
cades, Oregon, $125,000; waterway
connecting Lakes Union and Washing
ton, $100,000. ',
Erastus Lathrop, of Westfield, Mags., "
in his will left $15,000 to D. L. Moody. -
Cornelius Vanderbilt was fined $IH , .'
for failure to act as jut or in New York.
The commissioner of education urge ,
the American system of schools for col
onies. Ira D. Pankey, the singer, who need
to be associated with Mr. Moody Is to
become an evangelist on bis own ac-
count and will conduct a series of tew
vivals in various cities thi winter
An epidemic of influenza in England
J