3 THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND. SEPTEMBER 24, 1922 ESTABLISHED BY HKXBY I- PITTOCK Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co., 135 Sixth Street, Portland. Oregon. C. A. MORDBN'. E. B. PIPER. Manager, Editor. The Oresronian is a member of the As sociated Press. The Associated Press la exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mail.)' Baily, Sunday included, one year . . . .18.00 Daily, Sunday included, six months . . 4.25 Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month . . .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months . . 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month ... .60 Sunday one year 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily. Sunday included, one year- . $9.00 Daily. Sunday lnciuaea, tnree monina .o Daily, Sunday included, one month .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year 7.80 Daily, without Sunday, three months 1.95 Daily, without Sunday, one month ... .65 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank, stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. . Give postoffice address an lull, including county and state. 1nstnr Rate 1 to 16 oac. 1 cent: 18 to pages. 2 cents; 34 to'48 Pages, 3 cents; ov to o- pages, cents; do to ou pages. 6 cents; 62 to 96 pages, 6 cents. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conklin, 300 Madison avenue. New Yorjj; Verree & Conklin, Steger Building, Chi cago; Verree & Conklin, Free Press build ing, Detroit, Mich.; Verree & Conklin, Monadnock building, San Francisco. Cal. SOME PROGRESS TOWARD RELI GIOUS UNITY. IX not first among the matters of moment to which the recent Episcopal conference in Portland gave attention, at least one of the most important for the effect it is likely to have on the future rela tions of Christian churches was the decision to continue along pre yiously defined lines the effort to ward union of purpose, as to the desirability of which all seem to agree. If there shall be disap pointment over failure to advance the programme with the celerity which characterizes less important movements, this will be tempered by reflection that a good deal has in fact been accomplished, that elsewhere than in the United States the movement has taken definite form and is not without promise, and that in this country concentra tion of effort upon establishing mutual understanding has the ap pearance of being, a sound and practical foundation for future work. A useful preparation therefor lor the World Conference on Faith and Order which is now proposed for the early summer of 1925 will lie, as was suggested by the cQm mittee which reported at the Port land convention, "a great number of" small conferences, of members of the same church by themselves bo that they may see clearly the truths for which their own church stands, and of members of differ ent churches so that they may un derstand one another and the value of the other's positions." It is obvious that religious amity must precede any serious effort to bring about even the smallest de gree of union and it is equally ap parent that mutual understanding is necessary to amity, while self understanding is probably the only enduring basis for either. How much of the failure of previous conferences to accomplish prac tical results has, been due to want of sucTI comprehension of funda mentals it is difficult to estimate, but in all probability this has been a grave stumbling-block in the past. Pride of opinion not always resting on a secure basis has wrecked more than one peace movement in the history of the world, and the record of pre vious international conferences has shown that delegates not infre quently lack comprehension of the problems of their colleagues which would aid greatly in simplifying their own work. When large is sues become obscured by minor ones, and when personal factors are permitted to complicate the whole, the result is always defeat. The present movement for church unity is more than a decade old. The joint commission ap pointed by the Episcopalian con vention of 1910, continued through succeeding conventions and now refinanced for another triennium has accomplished something, in co operation with other denomina tions, and the Geneva conference was not without result, inasmuch as it presented a number of main subjects for consideration, the rela tive importance of which needs to be determined before any well ordered plan can be devised. The place of the Bible and creed in relation to reunion is a topic of first interest because it may meas urably regulate the direction that the ultimate movement shall take, and whether it is necessary that there shall be a statement of one faith and one form of creed is a matter that ought to be disposed of, though agreement is not likely to be as easy as to the superficial observer it would seem possible. These and other topics proposed by .the Geneva convention for indi vidual and group study will suggest themselves as presenting no in superable obstacles to amity, how ever they may affect the mechan ism of denominational- consolida tion. It is interesting to know that the larger movement for church unity is gaining headway more rapidly in other countries than in the United States.- This is particularly true as to Scotland, where the Church of Scotland and the free church have reached a practical agreement; of Canada, where Congregationalists, Methodists and Presbyterians have a common understanding, and. of Australia, which has followed the example of Canada, with a pros pect that the Baptist denomina tions will be added. Less definite achievements have resulted from the efforts of the northern and southern bodies i of the Bap tist, Methodist and Presbyterian churches in a similar direction in the United States, and the proposal of the general assembly of the Presbyterian church in the United States of America, in May, 1919, for a union of the evangelical churches of the United States, on a basis analogous to the federal constitution, have been formally rejected by the presbyteries of the church. But; this may have been less a defeat for the principle of unity than a result of feeling that, so far as it meant co-operation in good works it was unnecessary in view of the activities of the fed eral council, and that to the ex tent that it exceeded mere co operation a greater degree of vis ible unity should be striven for. A-large -degrea-cf -disappointment be confessed by those who have hoped for speedy .union and i who have observed a tendency to give great weight to technical is sues, but this too is likely to be tempered by reflection upon the history of the steps by which de nominational differences were cre ated, upon the depth of experience underlying them and upon the tra ditions which enrich them in the minds of their adherents. ' These present a situation the understand ing of which is primarily essential, and it is a matter of considerable significance that the Geneva as sembly gave recognition to their technical character by proposing a plan to create a series of special commissions for the study of dog matic, liturgical ' and historical questions and those concerning ministerial orders and authorities as affecting the differences be tween Christian communions. Noth ing will be lost and a good deal may be gained by presenting these issues in their proper perspective and by exhibiting them in relation to the problem of unity as a whole. There is no reason to believe that complete physical union of all religious denominations will ever be achieved, or even that it would be desirable, or " that if brought about temporarily it would endure. But unity of purpose and of spirit, which are as desirable and which conceivably may be made highly useful, will be promoted by each victory over prejudice, jealousy and merely sectarian instinct and by more widespread discussion and deepening of regard for the essen tials of religion. It is an issue of less importance that the clergymen of one denomination shall be re quired to conform to the discipline of another than that there shall be mutual respect, brotherly rela tions and universal good will. , EUROPE'S NEED OF SEtF-HEtP. In an address to the Indiana bankers Comptroller of the Cur rency Crissinger replied to the plea that the United States should go to the rescue of .Europe by saying that since the war began this coun try has contributed $21,751,000,000 to finance the rest of the world. This vast sum was paid out in repurchase of American securities, in government loans and interest thereon, in purchase of foreign securities and' foreign currency, in cluding several tons of German marks. He finds steady improve ment in European finances, that the British dominions are financially sound and that Latin America and Japan have passed the economic crisis, and he believes that Ameri can investments abroad helped them materially. Although we still maintain that it would have been to the interest of the United States to help Europe still further in its economic recov- ery.'there are several things which Europe could have done to help, itself. If the allies had hung to gether in pursuing a firm policy toward Germany they could have compelled that country to abandon crooked finance and to begin pay ing reparations. By pledging mu tual aid in event of a new war of aggression, they could have safely reduced their armies, balanced their budgets and restored their credit much sooner. If they had stuck together and jointly occupied the whole . of Turkey, they could have crushed the military power of Mustapha Kemal in its infancy and could have imposed such terms as would have kept alive the hosts of Armenians and Greeks who have been massacred, would have stilled the unrest in Moslem lands and would have established real peace. Their credit would have been so good that they could have begun paying their debts to thi3 country, they would have found the Ameri can people more inclined to cancel or reduce the debts, and they would have had no difficulty in borrow ing more American money. Europe was in desperate trouble and America would have been wise in its own interest to help it in settling its internal quarrels and starting it on the road of peace and retrenchment. But the severity of Europe's distress should have prompted it to forget its hates and to. have pulled together for its common good. When it most needed co-operation it began quar reling anew and wasted its energy and substance. The American peo ple should have been better in formed about the old continent's internal dissensions and should have been more ready to act the conciliator, but their good will was chilled when they looked across the ocean' and saw the people who should have joined hands to pull out of the mire together pushing one another farther in. Europe needs more of the spirit of self help, which means mutual help among the nations. heavily on the middle class, both through death in battle and through taxation. It sent forth its sons without stint while many parents pinched on Incomes which re mained fixed while cost of living doubled and workmen received war wages. Incomes thus diminished cannot provide for the large fam ilies which were, formerly pro verbial in the middle class. The most vigorous and enterprising of the young men in both middle and working classes have emigrated to the -colonies, whence they and their sons returned, far . finer physical specimens of manhood than those who remained in the old island, to fight in the world war. It may be, however, that too gloomy an, outlook is taken. The same old stuff was in tie men- who stood firm against the Germans at Ypres, who swept forward from the Somme to Belgium, through Syria and up the Tigris as had fought over and colonized many lands. It was about the middle of the eighteenth century that Goldsmith wrote his lament: 111 fares the land, to hastening ills a prey. Where wealth accumulates and men decay. Since that was written the great est British achievements of the na-. tion in arms, colonization, states manship, industry, invention and art have been added to the roll After an exhausting war there must be a period of convalescence, an not until it is past can we truly judgev whether a nation is perma nently weakened. THE READ KEMY OF THE ELK The biological survey of th United States . department of.agri culture makes the surprising show ing in tfce campaign of education which it has just instituted for the protection of wild game that the real enemy of the elk is not the hunter but want of suitable feeding grounds. It has been assumed un til recently that wanton slaughter was chiefly responsible for the approaching extinction of , this noble animal. The survey finds that if provision were made for feeding in winter such as already exists in summer when the pas tures in the parks are available the life of the species might be inde finitely prolonged. ' If the preservation of an animal in which considerations of sent! ment and of utility are mingled as they are in the elk is worth while, as it will seem to most persons to be, then protective measures can hardly be instituted too soon. The, department census indicates that there are hardly more than 50,000 left, of .which, unless something is done about it,, a considerable number are likely to starve dur ing the winter which will soon be on us. The only herds ot moment are in the Yellowstone park, but there are others in the Olympic mountains and a few in California and Oregon. The situation of the elk is comparable to that of the buffalo forty or fifty years ago. Properly conserved the elk can yet oe ixiaut? an 1111iJuiLa.u1. aumuun to our food supply. There are and probably always will be great areas in the country economically suitable only for the pasturing of game. As civilization advances its boundaries it is shown , to be ap proximately possible to regulate poaching, but this will go for naught and will only bring game laws into contempt if elk and deer are spared from the rifle only to fall prey by wholesale to the first hard winter that descends upon the land. GODS AND GEOLOGISTS. Poetically-inclined and simple minded people create myths for scientists to destroy. No fable asso ciated with the legendary history of the Oregon country is richer in philosophy than the tale of the Bridge of the Gods, which the In dians believed, and none, perhaps, so deteriorates under the scrutiny of men who delve with hammer and pick for physical probabilities. The story of the quarreling sons in the original legend; of how their father, the Great Spirit, envected the Cascade range to prevent friction between them but for convenience' sake created, a great bridge under which the water of the Columbia flowed; of the gift of fire and the transformation of the witch-woman into a beautiful girl and of strife caused by the misuse of a mighty force and jealousies engendered by the eternal feminine the story of all this is illuminating in more than one of its aspects. Its very an tiquity is a bond uniting humanity, long ago shown by the evidence of its mythology to have been moved by , impulses which have not changed since before th dawn of history. The Oregon aborigines undoubt edly took their clue from the ap pearance, as one stands in the vicinity of the present Cascade locks, of the bold fronts of Table mountain and of Red bluff. This, as Ira Williams has pointed out in a painstaking analysis of the prob able'geologic history of the Colum bia gorge, might easily inspire un questioned belief in the legend of the Bridge of the Gods. At about the same time, it is not difficult to conceive, men in far distant lands were constructing mythologists on a similar basis of fancy hardly bet-H ter sustained by fact. Not a vio lent stretching of the absorbed imagination is needed to make out of the terraced rock wall the stu pendous abutment of a once giant span across the Columbia, then per haps a vastly more turbulent stream than' it is now. Yet the geologist spurns the legendas he puts it to the test of his measur ing stick and points out that the conformation of the region and our knowledge of the manner in which Nature labored give the lie to the ancient tale. "The absurdity of the thought" so the cold scientist puts it "is apparent when we reflect that this span must have stretched across a minimum space of -full five miles in order to reach-a firm footing on the Oregon side." The Cascades must have risen very slowly from surrounding plain and the Columbia gorge have eaten its way ' with a patience of which only a geologist can conceive into the impeding, hills. The walls of the gorge rose more precipitously and its cliffs stood closer to each other than they do now. In such a time, as the scientist visualizes the eon-long process, large bodies of rock would slip suddenly into the river, particularly from the Table mountain side, whose rela tively unsubstantial strata tell their own. story to him. who knows the The burden -of wax has -faJlesn. trua language of the rocks, "We ALARM FOR THE BRITISH MIDDLE CLASS, The question is gravely discussed by the London Observer whether the British middle class is shrink ing , in numbers through sterility. the census revealing a decrease in marriages and births. Hope of re cruiting the strength of this class from the working people Is held tp be slight, for the Observer holds that the British workman has be come a weakling through the fac tory system, slums and drink and has been trained by the socialists to build up his own class rather than recruit the one above him. For many generations the mid dle class has been the great reser voir from which the vitality of Bri tain is drawn.. Up to it climb the able, industrious and ambitious of the working class to become" mer chants, manufacturers, lawyers and statesmen, of whom Lloyd George is an example. Up from it are raised those who are rewarded for great achievements in business, science or politics with peerages, to replace the old aristocratic families which have died out. Down to it return the younger sons and daugh ters of noble families, to reinvigo- rate their blue blood by mixture with red, and often by gaining new distinction on their merits . to rise again to the nobility. , From this class sprang the great patriots, Hampden and Cromwell; Churchill, who won a dukedom at Blenheim; Clive, the founder of the Indian em pire; the elder Pitt, whose states manship won Canada, clinched the hold on India and saw the folly of the war with the American col onies. In our own time Bryce and Morley, Haig, Jellicoe, Beatty and a galaxy of ojthers have won peer ages as statesmen, writers and fighters. are not at all - certain," observes Williams, "but that many times may the troughs of this masterful river have been partially or entirely clogged and its current checked if not actually ponded by gigantic landslides. Each such interruption in its eventful career was followed by the reopening of the channel through its own undaunted efforts. What more natural then than that the latest of these cataclysmic slides, of which the channel is not wholly cleared, may have swung the river far aside and formed tern porarily so much of a barrier as completely to dam the river, and even to permit the passage across of native inhabitants, .whomsoever they were, of those early days." Rock masses all through the stream, many of them of island size, tell of the mighty forces that must have been at work, and whose power the geologist better than the layman is able to gauge. Part of them are jutting points of hard Eagle creek conglomerate, while others '.unquestionably have - been moved great distances from the neighboring cliffs. The submerged forest above the Cascades is a tale by itself. Trees that must have been' killed by the encroachment of water at their bases prove beyond peradv&nture that in some ancient time the stream was raised by an obstruction, unexpectedly thrust in below. Nor is it beyond possibility that the barrier in question may have constituted the causeway about which grew the enchanting tale of fire meant for a blessing but which the natives made into a curse and of the maiden for whose favor chieftains made devastating war. Thus far the legend and the find ings of the scientist run in parallel grooves. But the latter deny us the small satisfaction of a majestic causeway such as a god would de vise. "Far from the fabulous Bridge of the Gods was this," is the picture we find in the book of hard facts. "Rather instead plain, tottering blocks of lava, and a crumbling, sloughing, clay-stained, bouldery assemblage from yon proud cliff was, its makeup, over the rise or fall of which an inexor able gravity, not Sahale, the Great Spirit, nor Klickitat nor Wiyeast exercised' complete control." feat of the albatross, which is able to remain for long periods, almost motionless, In the air. Hope that this would be done declined when the airplane engine was installed: it is revived, curiously enough, by a recessive movement which has stimulated research and which may yet be set down as the most important mechanical event of the year. PRACTICAL VALUE OF THE GLIDER. Whether the glider, or airplane operated without power, shall be come a useful instrument in avia tion depends on so many consider ations that experts are not of one mind on the subject, but there is general agreement that they will serve a high purpose in promoting study of the wing and body forms which are calculated to give the highest efficiency and thereby ad vance the interests of the commer-. cial industry. An American scien tist who has just returned from observing a ' series of tests in France issues a warning, however, against assuming, that the secret of motorless air navigation has been discovered and he points out that a means of air navigation which depends on direction and quality of wind vaill be far more uncertain than was seafaring . n the day of the sailing ship. To be becalmed would mean to the ship master a certain loss of time, while for the aviator it probably would spell the end of his journey,' unless fortunately he could find means for getting into the air again. The utility of the glider would by these standards be limited to its value as an instrument of experi mentation, out of which new prin ciples might be ' developed that would advance the science of avia tion as a whole. The tendency of experts to belittle that which has already been done, however, and, to disparage the prospect for the fu ture is a. reminder that it is much less than a generation since the mechanical world united in ridi cule of Professor Langley and de clared that he had nothing to learn from the flight of birds. The Wright brothers also owed much to their early knowledge of bird flight, and it is a matter of some significance that they practically ceased to advance in this direction as soon as they had put a motor into their machine. Aviation might have made greater progress in the end if a Jonger period had elapsed between the pioneer glid ing flights at Klttyhawk and the Introduction of the first motor, which introduced a new element to the game. "To talk of applying small en gines to these gliders and so make flying available to all," said H. Massac Buist, an English aero nautical expert, recently, "in the sense that anyone who wishes may motorcycle is to ignore the fact that the moment you apply power plant and its fuel you must build a wholly different structure." This fact, indeed, was discovered by the Wrights, but the point is that once they had adapted their structure to the needs of a -motor driven device they ceased to experiment along the lines on which they had begun, This phas of aviation may be said to have reverted to 1903, from where the ingenuity of inventors is at liberty to re-explore the entire field. , The Wrights in the beginning sought always a current of wind constantly in one direction, and in the memorable flight of nine minutes forty-nine seconds' dura tion which marked the beginning of flying in heavier than air ma chines they were favored by a brisk current, under the impulse of which, nevertheless, their machine gradually lost momentum and finally fell to earth. The Germans in their efforts to evade the con-ditions-of the armistice by employ ing aircraft not quite answering to its terms, undoubtedly have pro gressed farther than did the Wrights. They have .been able 'to sailplane," ' as distinguished from volplaning, and'he achievement of remaining in the air for more than two hours-was the result of de- eloped skill In taking advantage of varying winds, , which the Wrights could not have done. In region in which the air is almost onstantly in motion, as irt a strait or in the vicinity of almost any littoral, the performances of both Germans and Frenchmen recently n cutting aerial figure eights and in changing direction almost at will indicate that the new naviga tion has vast possibilities, . An English critic regards it as feasible for a clever glider pilot to sail an indefinite distance by taking ad vantage of the air wave thrown up by the progress of a steamship through the air. ' , Men still hope to duplicate the SIXTY CIGARETTES A DAY. With marked amaze one reads that Dr. James Rosedale Wadel Ward, recently admitted to .citizen ship at the age of 96, consumes sixty cigarettes each . day of his singularly unperturbed and youth ful existence. To ' say that , the merry old gentleman actually as tounded Gotham, its sophisticated dwellers agog and agape at. his feet, is but to pay him a deserved and truthful tribute. And when Gotham is astounded naught seems left the .rest of us but to admit the man or the matter is a mar vel. Such, indeed, 'is this vener able hero of the quadruple cog nomen. ' ' Most people are well informed as to the causes for the late Father William's extraordinary longevity. It is intimated quite broadly that the sprightly gaffer of Southey's song eschewed cigarettes all his days, and contrived to eke out his pleasant years by rising with the lark and going to bed with chanti cleer. This was no life such as Dr. Ward has 'lived, himself an Eng lishman bv birth, and. as manv a countryman of his, a rover by dis position. The doctor might have stopped a Zulu spear, or have been carved by a scimitar in the lands of the prophet, or passed in com parative peacefrom the ravages of beri-beri. Yet no such scath came to him. He lives to smoke his sixty cigarettes each day, when the shadow of a' century lies athwart his path.. What, then, is Dr. Ward's great secret? Nay, we are not so unwary as to attempt a proof that cigar ettes have preserved him, have pickled his thews and his vitals so neatly that they are timeless; yet we have been but recently re minded of the octogenarian whose testimonial against strong drink was sought on his death bed by enthusiasts of temperance. In youth or age, liquor, the rum-cup, had never touched those lips, now tremulous with the touch of ap proaching dissolution. A ripened life was his. Yet as they bent above him, to catch his words for the cause, there arose from the pottage woodshed sounds jf tur moil and a voice lifted in wildness: "Gracious!" exclaimed the tem plars, "whatever may that be?" The bed-ridden tetotaller sighed gustily. ."That," said he, "is only pap. He's drunk again." To ad mit that cigarettes may have con tributed to Dr. Ward's tenure would be to encourage our youth to adopt them, a responsibility from which one turns in terror. Has Dr. Ward, as his profession might indicate, worsted the infirm ities of age by lifelong adherence to the principles of fletcherizing or diet? Was it fish? Thomas Jor dan trolled a riterry stave of such food and the bodily felicity wrought by its consumption. "Fish dinners," he rhymed, "will make a man spring like a flea Dame Venus, love's lady, was. born of the sea." Yet the simple child of the northland, blubber to his brows, clutching a side of last summer's salmon,v tarries not over long in the land of hiS fathers. It is more reasonable to assume that our adventurer, in some far coun try of his travels, stooped to drink at a miracle spring, such as the sallow heroine of Bret Harte's story found in the California hills. We are inclined to the belief that it was neither cigarettes, nor fish, . nor cool, forgotten draught. None of these, but rather an uhdi minished and victorious interest in life itself, plus a little luck. The fountain of, youth is no myth, and men grow dry and tired before their time because they will not walk a long mile or laugh a mo ment, or think of other matters than th'eir.own narrow affairs pent by a shrinking horizon. And all that Dr. Ward proves, through his discovery by the reporters, is that not even sixty cigarettes a day can stifle the mortal resistance of such a fellow. riches were esteemed because they enabled the fortunate one to give great festivals and to show his contempt for that which he t had been at much pains to obtain. The genius of the potlatch was the obli. gation that each gift entailed for its repayment in kind. However we may regard the economic soundness of a system of borrOw ing to fret rich, it was the Indian's conception of insurance, against' poverty and old age. Men and boys vied "with one another in gener-4 osity, tempered always by knowl edge that their , giving was as bread cast upon the waters, as seed sown in the ground. As a vent for. the spirit of rivalry it bears evi dence of having supplanted the more ancient physical combat. "Rivals," says an annalist, "who formerly contended with arms now fight with property instead." Ethnologists who are more and more inclined to wonder at1 the traits possessed in common by widely dissociated groups of the human race find in the potlatch but another evidence of universal tendency to rivalry and ; caste. Though the recipient of a gift was not at liberty to refuse it, but was under social compulsion to regard it as a loan to be repaid with in terest at a future day, our Indian brethren had ways of creating the atmosphere of inequality that dif fered only in kind from those of civilized men. The practice of giv. ing a feast in honor of one's' rival and presenting him with a consid erable number of blankets, which he was debarred from refusing but which he could not accept until he had placed an equal number on top of the pile, seems to have been the aboriginal equivalent of keep ing up . with the Joneses, while the form of rivalry which found its' strongest expression in destruction of property has a modern counter part in the not unknown custom of doing tilings we do not enjoy mere ly for the sake of display. Feasts counted as destruction of property because they could be returned only by other feasts. A. chief who burned his blankets on festal occa sions, says Professor Franz Boas, ethnologist of the Smithsonian In stitution, "showed that his mind was stronger, that he had greater power than his rival. If the latter cannot destroy an equal amount, his name is broken, he is van quished and his influence with the tribe is lost." This phase of the potlatch, in' which it becomes a mere striving for influence and in which both contestants lose, is not without precedent among civilized men. v Chief Buffalo, Child Long Lance pleads for the customs of his peo ple, illogical though they may seem to the white man, who will appear to stand convicted by the testimony of his own customs of inconsis tency, if of no graver offense. In a protest that doubtless comes from the depths of his heart this Indian says: The Listening Post. By DeWltf Harry. B' WHAT THE "POTLATCH" WAS. Chief Buffalo Child Long" Lance, who writes in a British Columbia contemporary in vigorous protest against a pending proposal to change the name of a forthcoming festival from "potlatch" to some thing else, has the support of eth nologists and other authorities on Indian customs in his contention that the potlatch was not anciently a mere orgy, as uninformed per sons have been wont to assume, that it was not attended by dis graceful disregard of the morali ties and that it . did not, to the Indian, consist of a riot of spend ing without purpose. Prohibition of the . custom among the tribes which have observed it from time immemorial might well, as Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance suggests, result in social and moral confu sion among a people already made discontented by the efforts -of un sympathetic strangers to deprive them of the last -remnants of their sacred traditions and to force on them a manner of living which they do not understand. Among the "many failures of white workers among -the Indians to comprehend the genlu of abor iginal customs, misunderstanding of the potlatch has a prominent place. The potlatch, which as the word implies consisted in a giving away of property, had, however, a profound social and religious sig nificance and was deep-rooted in a well ordered plan. It was a form of expression of Indian disregard of wealth accumulate for the sake of wealth, an outlet for various emotions and an instrument of competition for power. The popu lar impression that, an Indian re duced himself to beggary in pure disregard of the principle of thrift is the reverse of the truth. It was as a matter of fact a kind of insur ance against poverty, the best that the simple-minded aboriginesTcnew an interest-bearing Investment of property which was certain to bring returns. The, honor of tribes as well as of individuals was bound up in it, and honor was religiously preserved. v-- Possession of wealth was counted by the northwest coast Indians even as the early explorers found them as a mark of distinction, but "Work and pray, pray and work, and then work and pray some more." This is the heart-breaking dictum that for several generations b-s been thrust upon the Indians. With this ascetic regime he has been urged, if not compelled, to throw aside every native custom that formerly gave him the self-respect and strength of character to face the battles of his isolated existence. And in the same breath he has been compelled to adopt a new set of rules totally foreign to his native outlook. ' All this in spite of the fact that the world has not re covered from the most prodigious wa in its history waged to subdue a nation whose avowed intention was to conque all other nations and to impose upon them their way of "looking at things. We are only now beginning to learn the true inwardness of the customs of the red man, an under standing of which in an earlier time would have prevented much misery and have saved a vast num ber of lives. EAVERTON, the Hollywood of the Tualatin , valley, seems to be entering the spirit of the thing with' abandon. -No longer re the Inhabitants shy of the nvovle act ress jor actor: Familiarity ' breeds contempt. Already the Regal Ton sorial Parlors have metamorphosed into "the Studio Barbers and the ! Elite Restaurant is the Artists' Lunch. Xo one ventures to predict the .finale, of this act. The whole countryside is watching the devel opments with bated breath. For miiey on either side of the town the land has been staked off in building lots. Beaverton is con vinced that it is on the verge of a boom and will bacome the movie capital, of Washington county. TWO POKMS. (Bitter Stars) You and I are ruins. And yet our love was new once, And sweet as rambler roses Climbing, cllnglni to a wall. But love days had their dooming i ne storm clouds lowered, looming Ana scattered all the glory of, the aun ana umber fall. Autumn leaves . . I hate them For bitter memories weight them. They lie across my heart like stone Instead of drifting free. I hate their gold and umber For underneath them slumber The wormwood of the might-have been The hopes of you and me. Famine. By ire r- Hall. II. And I search hack through mem ory s book And you are there. I fancy I forgot at last and look And you are there. Is there no place that I can go To leave the things that mock me so? I think find the spot .and o . You are there. And when the end of life comes by Will you be there? To mock me with your tragic sigh Will you be there? I haven't asked for many things. What is the use? The answer - stings. This -thought no sort of comfort , brings YfVll will he rhprp JOSEPH ANDREW GALAHAD. Announcement that Mr. Vol stead's opponent is "just as dry as Volstead with perhaps a little to spare," may rob the contest of some of the significance it other wise would have had, but it isa safe bet that the confirmed wets of the district will vote against Volstead and claim that they have been vindicated if they succeed In defeating him. The king of Bulgaria is reported to be in'the market for a rich and beautiful American wife, but the outlook for the king business isn't attractive enough for even a home ly rich girl to take a chance. The season is ' just beginning when, the young student is torn with conflicting emotions, the problem being whether to contend for scholastic honors or to try to make the football team. Mr. Lasker's announcement that he will remain on the shipping board until its finances are straightened out looks as if he might have a life tenure in mind The railroad strike is estimated by an economist to have cost $500 000,000, every dollar of which, as a matter of course, the public will eventually pay. At the rate the Round-Up in creasingly draws the multitudes, it will soon be necessary to enlarge Pendleton to make room for the annual crowd. Telegraph poles being free of n . . A 1 ... l,W 1..... UUiy llic lien laiui law, lilt citizen will worry, further about where his winter's supply is com ing from. With the ruble at 7,000,000 to the dollar, higher mathematics ought to be the most popular study in the Russian schools. The political prophets are secure in the knowledge that nobody re members after election what was prophesied before. The British idea in Turkey seems to be that the way to insure against fire is to have plenty of water near at hand. Both Kemal Pasha and the Brit ish navy seem to have selected Con stantinople for their next conven tion. " Whether Mr. Kipling said it or not, it is evident by this time that most folks don't believe it was so. It remains to be demonstrated whether the machine gun is dead-, lier than the moonshine still. Vicissitudes and fluctuating for tunes of pioneer days are well illus trated In the story of J. B. Huntington,- now a resident of this city. Huntington. In the" brave old days when Oregon was on the pionec fringe, "bt the United States, pur chased Miller's station on the Burnt river, on the eastern border of the state of Oregon. This station at that time was a road house .and division headquarters for the long est stage line in the United States, a -line that reached from Kelton. Utah, to The Dalles. Oregon. Hunt ington bought the station as a head quarters for his cattle and horse ranch and moved.his family there. Five years later, in 1884, the Ore gon Railroad & Navigation com pany built its line from Portland and joined the Oregon Short Line railroad from Granger, Wyoming, and thus formed what Is known as the Oregon Short Line route. Mil ler's station Hhen was renamed Huntington. In his reminiscences Huntington loves to tell of the lost cities of that region. The city of Auburn, then about ten miles east of Baker, Or.,' had 10,000 population. Now it is not even on the map. It was gold .that drew the people there thousands and tens of thousands of them, daring, adventurous spirits, the bravest of the brave. Sumpter. UOr., once had more than 6000 resi dents; now it is doubtful If 600 could be listed there. It Is a land of romance and unfilled promise, where the mining camp flourished in all its glory. He had a roadster. She an apart-! ment. This summer they spent most of Jheir spare time touring the nearbV country and he paid the gas bills. Last winter they spent most of their leisure sitting by her fire place and she footed the fuel bills. The leaves are falling, autumn is near. The other night, as the vag rant Indian summer breeze fanned their cheeks, he leaned over and said: "I can hardly wait for cold weather to come. It's "so much nicer for me to sit by your cozy fire ". "Oh," she Interrupted, "that's be cause you don't have to fret over gasoline, hift 1 have my worries then." He might . have left well enough alone or volunteered to send up a cord of oak, but: "It's more com fortable to fret and sweat lq win ter," he said and their friendship terminated. Each day that passes shows me hungry men. With actual famine (tamped upon the face; No sad complaint la ever mad by them. Yet hunger long ago has left Its trace; They walk, their narrow paths In search of gain. Nor ask of life to loan a pleasant word. And few there be who know or seas their pain Because their need th world would call absurtl. The destiny of every man Is placed Within a woman's keeping, ever more; Love formed th pattern when his heart was traced To meet llf' great exactions, scort on score; But somehow strlf oft chisel love away. And men go forth unglrded with It strength, Though every soul must feed on love, or pay A fearful price for lack of It. at length. Look at th heavy face that you ee Search In the eyes whin joy" o seldom gleam Love could transform them strange ly, gloriously These hungry one, slow-starving for their dream. Each heart ha longed for lev sine time began, 'TIs Ufa's great gift no other will suffice; It is the sweetness back ef every plan. And robbed of It, man hungers till he dies. WHE.V THE FOLKS COMB HOME I, guess my folk are like other folks. Who sometime wander ivtf, And don't come back to th old home place For many and many a day. , But 1 am more fortunate than th rest. For no matter where they roam. Whenever I am lonesome for them All of my folks come home. Oh. not in the way you think. per haps. By auto or Pullman nr. Nor even yet by airplane. Do they come from near and far. I simply get my picture box And carry It to my room. And there I have a wonderful time. For all of my folks come home. I take out their pictures, one by one. And place them here and there. Some I ctanil on the mantle-shelf And some in my easy chair. They smile at me and 1 talk to them And tell them I'm glad they've come. And I'm contented for a while For all of my folk are home. Sometime I think perhaps If best That things sliould he th way. There might be changes I regret Brown hair that turned to gray. And lines of care on fair, smooth skin Are. sometime, sure lo rome. And I might grieve about these things If all ot my folks came home. But no! why do I talk like this When I'm lmply playing a same? It never would matter a hit to me Whether hair or hrow wer th same. We would get that box of picture down And in our lic front room We would have one grand reunion If all of my folks should come home! GRACE TADDOCK K.Ix KHTOX. niHVfini; nitiiM.p.. Old Burnslde Bridge, we loved you much , When you were young and strong anil new; But now grave fears our hearts they clutch ince age has laid Its hand on you. Ye, Burnsldii Bridge, you're weak and old, Jtoadmaster Katchell ay 'II true. Your beams and br are strained to hold , The heavy loads a they p through. Oh, me! Ah, me! when w re packed Like Sardinia In those street car few. Our hearts with fears re often racked When you. old bridge, loom Into view. To men for heip oirr women cry. To men so brave they humbly sue; For in that flood they fear to die. Unless the bridge 'tla' built anew. Oh. build It new! Oh. build It new! That Burnslde Bridge o weak and old. Oh, build it staunch and strong an I true That every beam and bar may hold. J. M. F. KOIW, IVKV. Once more the weather man has put a crimp in the superstition of the "equinoctial storm." HOW THBT DO IT IN THIS WEST. An Ashland woman, living on Moun tain avenue, who has beem molested by hobos and tramps during the past sum mer until it became almost unbearable. I few weeks ago purchased a ."2 caliber revolver and some shells leaded with shot, to have something In readiness for unwelcome visitors, according to the Weekly Tidfnga. - She discovered a man In her gardon helping himself to some of the growing fruit and vegetables, and decided that it was time to move him out. The man was stooping over and Haclng the oppo site direction when she opened the back door of her home. and not waiting to see if he was going to move, fired point blank. The result would nave gone big n a movie comedy, for ths tramp gava l tew exclamations of surprise and a few extraordinarily high Jumps and fall over - the fence into the street, after which it is said there was Just on streak of dust up Mountain avenue. m m More than passing notice should be given the fair one at the ball or chard who wanted to have a dia mond with four bases'. This, n her opinion, would make more playing and enable more runs to be scored. And It would aJsO make many gray hairs for the players. . A womai newcomer from the mid dle west has written home a vivid proof of Orens' fertility that can not help but carry weight. She ells of picking apples and making pies, one apple to a pie. The president of the American Wholesale Lumber association has recently been in Portland. HI name js Wdodhead. and he is the country's head wood dealer, so to speak. ' Mannikins In'a. local store window Impart a ng to the fall showing of late ' models. The audience 1 more than half men. I Forgiven? Ah. yes. but do not say forgotten The thing that brought to me n many tears I cannot cast aside, e'en though the heartache Are dulled and dimmed within th passing year. Ah. ye, so long ago I have forgiven The act, the deed, th burden and the care: But even so yet f have not for gotten That one last hour my one un heeded prayer. You tell me to forget that I for giveness. You do not know the prank tht memr'y play When you are least upectlng. and unknowing She creep within your heart, nd there he stays. Ah, ye. I have forgiven all th harshness That came across that summer sky of blue; Again I say. I know I've not for gotten And never will forget those hours with you. MYKT1CK A. CAWLKV. THK WlliTK BITTKHrtY AMI THK KUIH THKK. Oh. foolish butterfly, aflont Above my arm, within the blue; Your life Is but a tiny mote. Toil cannot strike Jhe mighty note That thrill my knotted fiber through. Your Joy I what the sunbeam know, ' And die In shadow, far below. Oh. hooded. Iron furrowed tree. Praying In cloistered woods alone; You know not my felicity. A life that live In erstaay As brief a roses, newly blown The. while you searth your God above. I find him when I die for love. MART ALE THE A WOODWARD.