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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 11, 1922)
THE SUNDAY OEEGONIAX, PORTLAND, JUNE If, I MIC ill ISSUE leaders in Moscow Declared r Aware of Failure." U. S. POLICY REVERSED -Traditional Sympathy With Z Overthrow of Autocracy Held C Inapplicable to Oase. , ' BT MARK SULLIVAN. XCopyrirht, 1022, by New York Evening , fot, inc. ruiwnea uy arnmiciuoin.; , ; WASHINGTON, D. C. June L Special.) The position which Sen ator Borah has held about RusBla -has had two aspects, the flrst con deemed the continued residence in Washington, and the continued rec ognition by our government, of an "-ambassador from Russia who came 3iere as the representative- of a "regime in that country, which termi nated more than three years ago. 'This Ambassador Bakhmeteff did -not represent, and did not pretend &o represent, the present government tf Russia. - On the contrary, he was the repre sentative of elements, which, both In Russia and In America, have been -violently opposed to the present '"regime in Russia. All this Senator Borah has believed to be wrong, Zand he has said so with force and, pungency. On this point Senator Borah's contention has now been met. Bakhmeteff has ceased to be the accredited representative of Russia in Washington. Recognition Is Urged. - The other aspect of Senator Borah's contention about Russia is ;that trie American government should give recognition in the usual -way to the present regime in that .country. In taking this position, -Senator Borah probably comes close "to expressing the typical historical attitude of the United States toward "revoluionary governments. The eir-t-cumsances of the birth of our own "government were such as to give us 4n the beginning a sympathetic lean ing toward other peoples engaged in the adventure of getting rid of mon- -archies and dynasties. It is in his understanding of his tory and his familiarity with the -fundamentals of Amercan political ;polcy that Senator Borah has his greatest strength. He is probably the only American statesman who, "in considering the matter of our relations with Russia, has thought "it worth while to inquire into what "cur country under the flrst presi dency of Washingon, did about 'recognizing France under circum stances that were somewhat, but not .wholly, similar to the present Rus sian case. - Cuses Held Similar. Senator Borah has made the point that during the French revolution, when the French people were get ting rid of the old Bourbon mon archy, Washington recognized the .revolutionary government of France within three months after the lead . ers of the revolution had killed their queen and while the guillotine was still working. . This early recognition of the revo lutionary government of France. -Senator Borah has pointed out, is 'in contrast with the course of Eng- lana. where Pitt and Fox debated for 12 years before they could make up their minds whether to recog -nize the revolutionary government '.In France. Senator Borah believes that this precedent, and this prevail ing disposition on the part of Amer ica to give sympathy and help to countries engaged in the difficult and unhappy business of getting rid of autocratic governments should be followed in the present case. I Economic Factors Coniildered. ; The contract between what Sena tor Borah would like to do, and the course that our administration has actually followed, lies in the fact that the administration, in this pres ent case of Russia has taken Into -account the economic factors in volved. Senator Borah would elimi nate the consideration of economic factors, or at least would certainly lay less emphasis on them. He would look at the political factors .primarily, and seeing those politi cal factors to compose, in his judg ement, merely a case of a people re volting against a dynasty, he would give them the recognition and sup port which is the historic tradition of America. " But the thing which Impairs the analogy between Washington's rec ognition of France and Hughes' re fusal to recognize Russia is this very fact that In the present case economic factors are involved which .were not involved In the much sim pler case that Washingtbn had to consider. In the first place, Russia owes some hundreds of millions of dollars, partly to the government of . me unitea states and partly to pri vate citizens of the United States. Russian Debt Factor. ; If France had owed a great deal of money to the United States 125 : years ago, and if It had been a ; principle of the revolutionary gov ernment of France to deny the ob ligation to pay that ebt, then, in ;that case, Washington might read "Hy have been slower in according ; recognition. In the second place, the Russian revolution Is not merely ; political, but economic as well. The -Russian revolution has not only thrown out its old dynasty, but has ; asserted its unwillingness to rec ognise or abide by the accepted laws .of economics and business. ; Though the circumstances com pel the American government to Hook upon this Russian problem as having essential economic aspects. It is still true that in the popular un derstanding of America's position ; too much emphasis has been given to the economic side of the position .wh'ch the American government has taken. This Is caused by the way -in wnicn tne pro Diem has come up. ; The Russian government seeks precognition from us. We Imply that .we will not recognize them until ;hey first recognize the validity of the debts which they owe to our government and to our private citi zens, and until they also consent to give compensation to our citizens who owned property in Russia ;wh!eh was seized and is now held -by the Russian government. If the problem remained In this simple shape the American people would .understand it more readily. But at ".this point thj Russian government , -says, in effect: "We want to trade with America. We have a s;reat ;many resources to be developed, a great many things to sell, and. In particular, a great many things to ;bu We want recognition from you in order that we may trade Iwlth you." To this appeal to our cupidity the American reply is that there is no profit to be had out of trade with Russia; that the economic system which the new Russian government has adopted makes production im possible; that as a result of it. Rus sia 's an economic vacuum; and that. In shtft-t, we are not in the least moved by this appeal to our cu pidity. Further than this, we point out that under the economic system! which the Russ'an government be lieves In and is attempting to en force there cannot be" normal pro duction nir r.jrmal trade. Issue la Confused. This latter portion of our posi tion about recognizing Russia is not essential, but it has gone hand in' hand with what is essential, in such a way as to confuse the issue. We are not in the position of saying to the Russian government that we will not recognize them merely be cause their trade Is not worth while. That part of our position is merely our answer to their appeal to our cupidity. The essential principle in our refusal to recognize the pres ent Russian regime is that we will. not recognize any regime of any government which refuses to rec ognize its country's obligations, or to keep its country's promises, or to give compensation to our citizens whose property it has seized. SCIENTISTS TO GOHVENE SCMMER SESSION TO BE HELD AT SALT LAKE. WAILSOF CHILDREN DREADED BY JUDGE Famed ' Chicago Divorce Doctor Takes. Vacation." MANY HOMES ARE SAVED Strain of Listening to Troubles of Others Finally Breaks Down Health of Jurist. Pacific Division of Advancement Association to Hold Sixth Annual Meeting. SAN "FRANCISCO; June 10. Sci entists' from all parts of the United States are expected to attend a sum mer session of the American Asso ciation fo.r the Advancement of Sci ence t Salt Lake City, Uta-h, June 22-24. The session will be held under the auspices of the Pacific division of the association, which will hold Its sixth annual meeting in Salt Lake at the Bame time. One feature of the meeting will be a symposium on Colorado river problems. The scie'ntific aspect of the great reclamation project will be presented In six papers, the titles ' and authors of wnicn toirow: "Description and Physiography of the Colorado River Basin," by Dr. Frederick J. Pack, Deseret professor, department of geology, university of Utah. "Geology of the Colorado River Basin with Reference to the Engineering Prob lem," Professor Bailey Willis, profesor of geology. Stanford university. Cal. . "The Vegetation of the Colorado River Drainage Batnt" Dr. D. T. MacDougal, director of the desert laboratory of Tuc son. Ariz. "Algerian Sahara." by Professor K. V, Gautier,. faculty of letters, university of Algiers, exchange professor. Harvard uni versity, "The Conservation of the Waters of the Colorado River from the Stand point of the Reclamation Service," by Frank E. Weymouth, chief engineer, United States reclamation service, ' Den ver. Colo. ' "The Interstate and International As pects of the Colorado River Problem." Dr. C. K. GrunsUy. vice-president of the Pacific division of the American asso ciation tor the Advancement of Science, Sen Francisco. JAPANESE TO GUT WHY ARMS CTT, PROGRAMME IS OUTLINED BY OFFICIALS. Private Dockyard to Be Reim bursed for Expenditures on Canceled Ship Orders. TOKIO. May 19. (Correspond ence of the Associated Press.) Ten thousand men and several hundred officers will, be dropped from the Japanese navy in line with the scrapping agreements reached a-t the Washington, arms conference, ac cording to in official ef the navy department. Those discharged will receive compensation from the gov ernment. Private dockyards which-will suf fer loss by halting of construction on war vessels will be reimbursed for their expenditures, if the plana for armament reduction being drawn up by the navy authorities are ap proved. It ia understood that the govern ment does not intend to make any reduction this year in the- ranks of the skilled workmen employed in the imperial yards, as all these men will be needed in the work of scrap ping ships which come under the treaty ax. The cruisers Amagl and Akari, which Japan gave up under the Washington treaty, will be con verted into airplane carriers. Each has a tonnage of 26.000, and will be reconditioned to carry 50 airplanes. It is expected they will be ready for service by 1924. Another car rier, the Hosho, 9600 tons, will have a capacity of 20 planes, and will ba in commission also in 1924. The de partment plana to build two torpedj tenders in the near future. POSTAL RATE CUT ASKED Repeal of La$t Two of Four In creases Provided In Bill. WASHINGTON, D. C, June 10. Repeal of the last two of the four increases in second-class postal rates, originally imposed under the war revenue act of 1917, is provided for in a bill introduced Friday by Representative Kelly, republican. Pennsylvania. It would take off specifically the increases which went into effect July 1, 1920, and July 1, 1921, but would retain the present zone system of postal charges and put the rate back to that carried with " the increase, which became effective in July, 1919. Mr. Kelly declared that the war revenue rates are 325 per cent higher than in pre-war days, and that with the reductions sought by iiib measure second -class rates still I would be 175 per cent higher than! the prices that prevailed prior to the war. i BT MARGARET DALE. -(Copyright. 1922. by The Oregonian ) CHICAGO, June 10. (Special.) "I need a vacation from broken hearts." In these words. Judge Joseph M. Sabath, the great doctor of the Chi cago i divorce courts, worn and broken by the strain of years of listening to the marital troubles of others, told today why he has asked for & temporary transfer to the civil bench. "The walling of the children is in my ears the little ones injured by the separation of their parents. I must forget it for a time, until I get strength to deal with them again. I will be ready to go back to it in September, but for a while 1 want to settle differences by pocketbooks and not by hearts." 6500 Divorce Cases Heard. In the two years he has served in the divorce court, Judge Sabath has heard 6500 divorce cases, an aver age of nearly ten a day, and three phases of them have unnerved him, he says attempts to conciliate dis cordant couples, custody of the chil dren where' reconciliation was im possible and the question of ali mony. , , . He p!nts proudly to the fact that out of the matrimonial wreckage that has drifted into his court he lias been able to salvage the do mestic happiness of 560 couples. "'?hese reconciliations have . all lasted without a single exception," he said today. "I have followed them up and many of the couples have come back to me with tears in their eyes, to thank me for sav ing them from disaster." Judge RRta From Labors. This quaint little old judge of 62 eventful years is resting from his labors in the apartment he occupies with his wife at their Chicago Beach hotel. But- he was not too tirc-d to talk about his work, the -work that has broken him. The room was fairly filled with flowers, mostly from those he-had saved from themselves. The judge, was seated in an invalid's chair, but he did not ap'pear ill; nevertheless he had the appearance of a man who is all tired out. And there was that air of judicial dignity about him, despite the dark green yellow striped dressing gown he wore and rather squat figure. Judge Sabath came up from the people and he boasts that he "un derstands them." Born in Bohemia in a poor family of 11 children, he came- to America as an immigrant at the age of 15. His first job was In a clothing store, but he decided to become a lawyer. He sold clothes by day and studied law at night. . When he finally was admitted' to the bar he practiced law with such success that 2600 Bohemian citizens of Chicago petitioned him in 1910 to run for municipal judge. Only the other day he was re-elected by the largest vote of any of tfie candi dates. Job Is Switched Around. "When I was transferred to the divorce court," Judge Sabath said, "my job seemed to be to wreck homes and I tried to turn it into one of building them." . - Thirty-four years of happy -married life have made Judge Sabath a great believer in marriage. "Marry young," he always advises. He was married when he was 18 and is the father of three children. "A judge must deal with a divorce case as a doctor deals with a case of illness," he continued. "He must diagnose the cause of the trouble, not merely treat the effects. If the root of the trouble is found and means are shown by which it can be cured the result need not always be disastrous. Most people will listen o reason. Wholesale Decrees Opposed. ' "Long ago I ceased to believe that I was serving the best Interests of the people by granting them whole sale divorces regardless of circum stances. People leap into divorce court as impulsively as they leap into marriage. Sometimes, of course, the sooner a couple can be separated the better. But there are other cases where the opposite is true." It was for these latter -cases' that Judge Sabath established. his famous "reconciliation room," " Whenever there seemed to be the slightest chance for the unhappy ones to compose their differences1 he sent them to the room. Sometimes he had to send an officer of the court to separate them, but many times they would emerge smiling, arm in arm. Often he suspended court and offered himself in the role of peace maker. From 7 in the morning un til 6 at night he worked for six days a week without even stopping for lunch. "I can't keep the poor people waiting," he would answer impa tiently when urged to take a recess. "It is upon the children that the worst tragedies of divorce fall," the judge said. "They suffer not only from the decree which makes a divided home, but also from the notoriety. Their playmates in school I point ' fingers of scorn at them? I Other parents advise their little ones not to play with Willie and Jennie, 'they don't come from a nice home.' They are shunned, whispered about and made self-conscious and unhappy without any realization ot the cause. Custody of Child Problem. But it was -trying to decide the heart-breaking question of custody' of the - children that if you will pardon me, 'got my goat." Tue other terrible question is that of alimony. Some men will do any thing in the world to avoid paying alimony. They, will give up the best job they ever had and present themselves actually out of . work and needy when they, might be earning -good money. They will fake injuries and disabilities, com ing into the courtroom with arms tied up" in bandages, with doctors' certificates of ill-health or clad in garments not fit to be seen. If it can be proved that they are playing off, it is easy to judge the payment. But the difficulty is, to Judge a man's actual earning capacity and just how much the wife deserves." The large present number of di vorces. Judge Sabath attributes to hard times rubbing the last vestige of "bk6mu from hasty marriage. He said the contract made in a time of unnatural stress and excitement was not strong. enough to stand the dull monotony of scarce jobs and small pay. "There is also the interference of parents,", declared the judge. This mother thinks her girl deserved a better sort of a man and that mother is sure her boy married be neath him. I find many parents who continually nag their married sons and daughters, reminding them how they might have done better. This is a veritable crime." FRANCE'S POSH OiOF'ISQUlTffi Other Nations Oppose Stand on Reparations. ENTENTE IS MENACED dST KfiEDKD COMMERCE COMMISSION RUL- ' ING PUBLISHED. Decision to Enable Puget Sound Cities to Compete South of Portland. WASHINGTON, D. C, June 10. The interstate commerce commis sion -has found justified proposed proportional class rates which are lower than existing corresponding local class rates from Seattle and Tacoma to Portland on commodities destined to certain Willamette val ley points, and from Portland to Se attle" when destined to points north of Seattle. - The . decision will enable Puget sound cities to compete with San Francisco shippers in the Willam ette valley and a .few. points north of Portland. ; PORTLAND LOSES BATTLE New Decision Made Over Protest of Local Interests. New carload mlnimuimron lumber and articles taking'' lumber rates will be in effect tomorrow, accord ing to the traffic department of the Union Pacific, and the new system is said to be more satisfactory to the lumber shipper than the old. The new plan bases cafminimums on the length of cars, rather than cubical capacity. New minlmums on pine, fir, hemlock and spruce lumber are, for a car 34 feet and under in length. 38.000 pounds; for a oar from 38,000 to 42,000 feet in length, 44.000 pounds, and for cars more than 42,000 feet long, 64,00-0 pounds. When cars are loaded to their full visible capacity shipments shall be subject to actual weight not less than 30,000 pounds. . The decision is that of the com mission in regard to rates which the railroads serving Oregon and Washington sought to publish last April, but which were suspended upon protest of the Portland Traffic & Transportation bureau. A show 'ing was then made before an ex aminer of the commission, and the decision just made upholds the rail carriers in instituting the new rates. Rail traffic men here said the rates were made rather low because they were influenced somewhat by water competition, but they do not admit that they will operate to Portland's disadvantage in meeting eompe tirm nf nther coast city jobbers. Poincare Must Take Military - Action Alone or Effect Com promise, Says Writer.' '- BT WILLIAM BIRD. - (Copyright, 1022. by The Oregotllan.) PARIS, June 10. (Special cable.) "In the long run it is extremely tirlns for France to be the only na tion that is right." Thus one sus pects with a touch of irony Frenrh j newspapers summarize'the situation i created by the reparations commis sion's majority decision inviting the international bankers to recommend ! a reduction of Germany s dent. - England, Italy, the United States Boyden, the American unoffieial observer, although not voting reg istered approval even Belgium; de spite the praise heaped upon her for supporting France at Genoa, are against the French position. France alone is right, her newspapers say. In reality, France cannot be in the minority on reparations because she is entitled to 63 per cent of the Ger man Davments. hence she has a ma jority of the voting stock and the moral voting power. JNevertneiess. there, is only one way that France . .1 oTce the treaty ol Versailles and that is with military force. If i Poincare intends to go It alone ne "must say it with soldiers." , j Action Is Significant. j The action of the reparations i commission has a far greater sig nificance than appears on the sur face. It is the first time that the commission ever reached a decision by a majority instead of a unani mous vote. Secondly, it Is the first time the commission ever openly i acknowledged .the existence-of any outside -body competent to consider the question of Germany's total in debtedness. Thirdly, Poincare him self resigned the chairmanship of the reparations body two years ago because he said the governments were interfering with the commis sion's autonomy, which under the treatv is absolute. ' Yet, today Poincare. Issues hints. If not orders, which Induce Dubois, his representative, to dissent from his colleagues. It anything was needed to clinch France's isolation this incident would supply it. Poln care's critics agree he acted logic ally but unwisely in not agreeing with the others at least to listen to what proposals the bankers, had. to make,, since it was expressly stipu lated the reparations commission would not be bound to adopt, them. As it is, France has served advance notice that she won't entertain any such proposals while the majority of the commission have said they will. Incident Is Threatening. This is the most threatening thing that has happened to the entente since the armistice. It brings to a sharp point the whole question whether France shall continue as a dominating European power or succumb to majority rule. The only choice left for Poincare seems to be between emphasizing the national isolation by acting alone in a military move or making a clever compromise a la Briand. His every inclination is to avoid the former, and I believe, yet the latter step seems to be one of politi cal suicide. I repeat, the Poincare ministry has rough going ahead of it. KLAN SHERIFF DEPOSED Texas Judge Instructs Jury to Find Ouster Verdict. - BEAUMONT, Tex,, June 10. Tom Garner, sheriff of Jefferson county, was found guilty of official miscon duct and ordered removed from of fice in an instructed verdict re turned by a jury , In district court here Friday. Judge Street, in instructing for the verdict, said the fact, that the officer had become a member of the Ku Klux Klan was in contravention to the oath he took as sheriff. Coun- m - If you would be comfortably and cor rectly dressed for sum men buy your clothes where choice is limit ed only by the bounds of quality. Mathis Quality Clothes $35 to $45 Some for a Utile less. Some for a little more,. For Summer Comfort: Soft Collar Shirts, Wash Neckwear, Zephyr,- Weight . Collars, ' Athletic Underwear, -Light Weight ,. Silk Hosiery. A Ma.tki$ MENS WEAR Fifth and Morrison . Corbeit Bldg. sel for the sheriff protested that there was nothing in the Ku Klux oath in conflict 'with the duties of a sheriff, but the court decided the oath of the klan was in effect to "deceive the Ignorant and unwary." GERMAN LOAN TO WAIT Bankers "at Paris Decide to Ad journ lor Three Months. PARIS, "June 10. (By "the Asso ciated Press.) The international hankers at a session- held Friday virtually decided to adjourn for three nonths and then resume considera tion of a proposed loan to Ger many. ' 1 Although the bankers' committee will meet again this morning to complete Its answer to the repar ations commission, the decision to adjourn was taken last evening after its members had agreed that in view of the situation created by the reparations commission's vote nothing could be done, at this time toward arranging a large loan for Germany. p POSTAGE CUT PROPOSED Second-Class Rate Reduction Bill Introduced in House. WASHINGTON, D.- C..';June 10. Repeal of the last two of the four war-time increases in second class postage rates was proposed in a bill.nitroduced in the house Friday. The bill, which would retain the zone system of postal charges, was referred to the house postoffice committee. ACE AGAIN FORCED DOWN; Rickenbacker Meets More Trou ble in Transcontinental Flight. OMAHA. Neb., Jun 10. Captain Eddie Rickenbacker again enooun tered trouble in his around the coun try flight, when, late Friday his air plane was forced down near Dexter, la., SO miles east of here while he was flying on the Chicago to Omaha leg of his trip to the coast. Captain Rickenbacker, In a tele phone conversation with a local motorcar Jlstributlna; company, de clared that the mishap was dlreetly attributable to that which occurred In Detroit Thursday when his piane was struck by lightning, Efforts tu repair the machine and eentinue to Omaha night were futile, accord ing to Captain Rickenbacker, who said that he wetild not resume his flight to Omaha until teday, Headquarters for Handsame and Useful GRADUATION GIFTS Diamond jewelry in splendid variety, -Dependable -wrist watches, Thin model pocket watches. Exquisite pearl necklaces. Bar pins, rings, brooches. Scarf pins, links and chains. Gold and silver novelties. All Moderately Priced Diamend Specialist 848 Washington Street, Morgan Bldg. Large Office Space ' the Pittock Block . Pittock Block Company has decided to add 70,000 sq. ft. of office space to its. present capacity by complet ing the unfinished part of the building facing on Stark . street to a height of eight stories. When this conT struction is completed the Pittock Block will be the largest Class "A" building in the City of Portland. Space in the new section will be subdivided to meet the needs and convenience of prospective tenants. Those who desire to avail themselves of this oppor-; tunity to have their offices, arranged according to their own plans, please communicate with' us at an early date so that the architect can make his plans accordingly. ' F. J. RALEY, Manager, - , 414 Pittock Block. Peacefulness Throughout the Fin ley Mortuary there ,; ' exists a sense of quiet restfulness. This comforting atmos phere is greatly ap preciated by our patrons it relieves worry and sorrow. Our organization works with the same restful smoothness in maintaining Fin ley Service. J.PFWLEY&SON MORTICIANS MONTGOMERY AT FIFTH PHONi MAIN N I IS 53 "TIZ" For Sore, Tired, Swollen, Aching or Tender Feet Wll year's fool ttxmfort fo ooif aleweesti . "I e TV wi my foet ache, bun otpsfiup. It'ol Good-bye, sors fet, burning; feet, swollen feet, tender feet, tired feet. Goodbye, pain In corns, callouses, bunions and raw spots. No more Bhoe tightness, n more limping; with pain or drawing- up your face in agony, "Tiz" is magical, acts right off, "Tiz" draws out -all the i poisonous exuttui ions wnicn puix up ' th. feet. Vh "Tlx" and wear small er shoes. Use "TI" and forget your foot misery. Ah! how eomfortabl. your feet feel. A few cents buys a box of "W at any druggist or department store. Don't suffer. Have good feet, glad feet, feet -that never, swell. n.vr hurt, never get tired. - Bew&r. of Imitations'. Adv.., A