TITE STJXDAY OTIEGOXTAX. rOKTLAXD, JAXTTATtY 29. 1923 RELICS OF EARLY .MOTORING DAYS IN PORTLAND ARE AUTO SHOW FEATURE. PROPER IE CURE t , . . . . E Operations Now Conducted Annual Bill of World Placed on Safe and Sane Plane. at Billion Dollars. MANY MILLIONS ARE LOST MOST CUTS AVOIDABLE Atitomolillc Owner Must Make Up Overload, - I nder-InflaMon, Over Speed Infr, Xeglected Cuts Are Among Common Abuses. Mind to Say Farewell to Big Profits of Peak Times. 4 ' USED GAR BUSINESS LESSON TO DEALERS I i SUM ?il J ' . t- "pJ- j L l,i h t -jr:' J tri. 4its . M Used cars, the boll weevil of the automobile induxlry, have been re ceiving the attention of 35,000 dealers throughout the United States within the last 18 months, and while no solu ' tion to the problem has neen reachea, rapid strides in that direction are dis cernible, writes Burt Roberts, execu tive secretary of the Los Angeles Mo tor Car Dealers' association,. Co-operated effort on the part of the deal ers, with the idea of educating the public in the knowledge that the day of big profits in trade-ins is past, is having its effect and. in the opinion of leaders in the industry, the situation la gradually righting itself. The automobile owner who has not already done so mum make up his mind to say farewell to these profits. The conditions that existed in war times and for two years thereafter, during which the car owner made a handsome profit every time he turned in a used car, have changed, and today the car offered as a trade-in must be sound in the strictest sense and the owner must make up his mind that he will get only actual cash value when he begins to bargain. Original Price Surpassed. It has been said that more than SO per cent of the used cars traded in during peak times got the owner mora cash value than he paid originally even though the first deal was on a strictly cash basis. That percentage may seem high, but there are dealers In Los Angeles who will substantiate the claim. At all events, thousands and hun dreds of thousands of cars were ex changed on that basis, the list prices advancing so rapidly that the Vehicle ued a few months could be traded in or sold for more than it cost new. The fact that he was being trlmmei did not weigh heavily with the dealer, for during that period any used car that would run was In demand, and the dealer could sell the trade-in for a profit in spite of an allowance In which the real depreciation was not taken into consideration. The owners who. In the horse wapping days, would have controlled the equine market, made millions more in profits during this orgy than the dealers or manufacturers. They were out nothing for depreciation and the pleasure and profit derived from the cars while they used them was a gift. They made money every time they traded, they had a bully good time and, indeed, no censure can be attached to them, for the clamor for cars forced dealers to offer unheard of allowances and ofttimes cash prices for used cars. Dealers Tighten Up. The beginning of the end came when the depression broke in July, 1920. Shrewd dealers, the men with their ears to the ground, saw tha handwrit ing and tightened up. Others, carried away by earlier successes, kept up their heart-breaking pace until sales rooms and warehouses were filled up and they found themselves facing fi nancial disaster. Then began the period of retrench ment and the herculean efiorts to re trieve their losses on the part of the dealers. Before they could begin to formulate policies that might help them over the shoala the break in prices came and automobile values went tumbling with such startling consistency that they soon found themselves holding used cars taken in at prices in excess of the current price of the same cars right out of the fac tory. The demand for used cars was gone and the dealer who had laid in a supply was compelled to hold the bag during the period of deflation. The tremendous losses suffered by dealers during this period were al most beyond belief Suffice It to eay millions upon millions of dollars wer swept away each time the price of new cars dropped, further reducing the value of the old cars on hand. That, of course, was the dealers' af fair, but the aftermath is one thai concerns every car owner, for It af fects him vitally. The owner will dis cover this quickly when next he goo to trade In his car. If he has not done so already, and a few minutes' consid eration of the situation from every angle must convince him that the dealer's attitude is a most reasonable one. F.duratlon Is Costly. The year 19:11 marked an expensive period in the career of the dealer and he paid dearly for his education. Some went down with the sinking industrial ship, but others and these comprise what today constitutes the realers of the country Weathered the storm, counted the cost, analyzed their mis lakes and resolved to profit thereby. Kfforts looking to satisfactory solu tion of the problem were undertaken, some dealer organizations deciding on a common ground of reform, of hers determining unto themselves to ist steady and work out alone the prob lem of the trade-in. Since every owner has been "trad ing" he has in the true sense been a dealer, and each of these millions must make up his mind that he will hae to operate on a different basis from now on; that his days of profit eering at the expense of the recog nized dealer are gone. And yet the owner's position today is not nearly so acute as that which faced the dealer, for the stabilizing Influence of the low prices for cars assures him against any such depreciation losses as the dealers suffered within the last year. The time has come when the depre ciation of use must be paid for by the owner. And it is contended it is but fair for him to assume thlj burden in return for the value he has received from his automohlle during the time It has been in his possession. Insur ance companies contend that a car depreoiates 25 per cent the moment it Is used. I'onstant use for a year will give it no more depreciation, but that 25 per cent of its value Is gone if It Is put up for sale the day after it is purchased from the dealer and used. Summed up, the dealers today are stronger than ever before. The light weights have dropped from sight and conservative, safe and honest business men now make the ranks. They are engaged in selling transportation, not merely dealing in cars or .rucks, and they are going to devote earnest ef forts to seeing that the buyers of mo tor vehicles get the most miles per dollar that are possible. But when the used car trade-ins is brought tip the owner is going to And that the time has come when he must reckon to a penny the value he has derived from his vehicle while he has been using it. and must be satisfied to ac cept that basis of valuation. . I i l : . . . -j..V4 .1 -V GlfT PAYS DONOR 010 50 CISNTS GIVKX POOIt MAX; RAFFLE TICKET IX RETl'KX. Bit of Pasteboard Turns Up Win- ncr When Shrinors Give Away Hajnes $-1100 Brougham. DETROIT, Mich.. Jan. 28. Every one has heard the stories of the men who gave panhandlers in.signif leant sums, received from the ratelul men tickets on the grand lottery of th Kingdom of Persia, or something: like that, and won fortunes. Nobody, of course, believed them. E. K. Sykes, 830 Alexandrine avenue East, didn't one morning: recently when he was working- at a Standard Oil company station at East Grand boulevard and Hanover avenue. He does. now. Sykes was approached by a man who said he was broke and wanted some money. He gave the man 60 cents. Can I do some work around here to pay for this?" the man asked Sykes assured him that there wan nothing to do and that he was wel come to the money. ' Here, take this." said the man. "It's all I've sot and it's no good to me." Sykes glanced at It, saw it was a ticket on a Haynes brougham, being raffled at the Shriners' circus, and stuck it in a pocket of his overalls. Then he went to work and forgot it. The Shriners held their circus, the drawing was made, but, -strangely enough, nobody came forward with the winning number, E-2234-N. A. E. D. Allan, potentate of the Shrine, was worried. So was C. H. Potts, of the Potts Motor company, Haynes distrib utors, who donated a Haynes brougham worth $4100. They ina'ti- , tuted inquiries to no avail. They i tried publicity, and ft Is a testimonial to the honesty of citizens of Detroit i that this produced only one forged j ticket and 60 affidavits from per- sons who swore they had had K-2234-X but lost it. Mr. Allan and Mr. Potts, however, wanted the ticket, and not affidavits. Sykes. meanwhile, had thrown the old overalls away and shifted his Job to a station at John R street and Al exandrine avenue. A little more than two weeks ago he saw a story that the ticket was missing, and remem bered that he had had such a ticket. He rcovered the overalls and dug up the ticket. It was a fine-looking mess, oil soaked and worn. The number was fairly clear. It was either E-2234-N or K-22MN. He took It to Mr! Allan. To make sure that this was the miss ing ticket, Mr. Allan sent it to two laboratories for microscopic tests. The Detroit testing laboratory and the Truscon laboratories both report ed that the ticket had not been tarn- AUTO NAILED TO GROUND BY -t. ; , k y f SV.V..JC. t. ixat.- 0 Photo. Underwood & Underwood, X. Y WATER ISEO TO MIKCH KIRK IX ttllXCY, MASS. TRANSFORMS AC TO OX STREET TO MASS OF ICIS. No. the above photo was not taken on the Columbia river highway during the silver thaw. This is what happened to an automobile left standing beside a burning buiidinij in Quincy. Mass. The firemen turned their streams on the building and put out the fire, after a loss of $200,000, but the freezing weather turned the water which fell from the side of the building onto the automobile below into Ice the instant it struck, just like a real silver thaw. A foot or so of solid ice was formed on the street and the auto was nailed solid lo the ground. V. -f . . t; .... . V,. 5 if i si 1 "7i , ' L f f - , , f ; f . I ' ' v IF: ;. rx' - k . -' f ''- ! ; i Hi If f Vyi v L5-wJf ttome of Ike winners in the old-timers' parade Tuesday noon. In which a score of ears anting- mu far back an IKW were entereni Above Cars pnradlnir before Judges In front of auditorium. The ear shown Is an 1SI7 oldxmoMIr, which won third prize In the parade. Center tUO: Oldsmohile which formerly belonared to the late ft Henry Wemme and was the first ear to romt across the continent to Oregon vnder its own power. Helow. Mrs. Miriam Keelrr beside the 1009 Pullman, which she. entered and s drove In the parade and which secured sixth prise. Mrs. Keeler was dressed In a becoming motoring- costume of 1900. pered with and that it was indeed the missing: E-2234N. So the 50 cents cast out on the world by Sykes. who is 22 years old and came to Detroit from North Caro lina only Isst October, has returned in the shape of a $4100 car. From now on he believes in fairies or any thing else you tell him. New Shock Absorber Patented. ABERDEEN. Wash., Jan. 28. (Spe cial.) P. F. Halferty is arranging- a jortlon of the Veysey building- on East Market street for manufacture of a shock absorber for automobiles. Halferty holds the patent on the de vice, which, is of his own invention. Illinois Passes Law. Under the law. no boy less than IS years of age is permitted to drive an automobile or truck for hire in Illinois Rnd everyone who operates a motor vehicle for hire or compensation of any kind must have a chauffeur's li cense. ARTIFICIAL SILVER THAW. tup- r .... J a. MM I .'If' ' I WD V til ifril 1 -"if' 31 r HY-VIS DFFICIi HERE COAST representative; sees ANNUAL AUTO SHOW. Visitor, Just Back From East, Tells of Conditions at Com pany's Oil Refineries. J. J. McXerney, Pacific coast rep resentative of the Fred G. Clark com pany of Warren, Pa., manufacturers of HyVis motor oils, was a Portland visitor during show week and com plimented the Portland dealers on the splendid show this year, which he de clared compared favorably with the larger chows in the east. Mr,. McNerney has just returned from a visit to his firm's refineries in Pennsylvania and to other points In the east and was "loaded" with in teresting information relative to con ditions in the east for the benefit of the Wiggins company, HyVls distrib utors for Oregon. ' "The method of selling motor oils to dealers and thus to users on the basis of guaranteed specifications, wh'ch is the recognized and scientific basis of measuring the quality of a motor oil, has been unusually well received in the east and elswhere throughout the country,"' said Mc Nerney. "Our company claims the distinction of being the first oil re fners to sell mo-tor oils on this ba sis. Every drum of HyVls wears a certificate sealed on it at the refinery giving and guaranteeing the tests of the contents. We consider this in novation the most progressive step ever taken by any oil refiner in the marketing of a motor oil." The HyVis organization operates two refineries at Warren, Pa., one be ing devoted exclusively to manufac ture of HyVis. The refineries are operated under the name of the Cone wango Refining company, but are controlled and owned by the-Fred G. Clark company of Cleveland, Ohio, which is the marketing division of th business. HyVis oil has an inter esting history, as it was the out growth of the war. The Pennsyl vania refineries, which have been operating for 25 years or more, were called upon to produce an oil to meet the exacting demands of war service and HyVis was the result. After the war the trade name, a shortening of "high viscosity," was chosen and the oil was placed on the market. Colonel Lyons, president of the refining com pany, served as head of the oil divi sion of the fuel and forage depart ment of the army during the war. In the field of trackless, freely mo bile transportation, rubber tires In the period of one generation have al most completely replaced tires made from. all other more durable materials on bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles and trucks. The demand has' been more and more for speed and traction, for greater comfort in riding and for savins .of tho vehicle and the road, and in response to this demand tire construction has changed and prog ressed so rapidly that equipment which four years ago averaged 4000 miles, as constructed at present will render more than double that mile age, says an article on proper care of tires, by the technical service depart ment of the United States Tire com pany. In spite of these marked manu facturing improvements in tire de velopment and In quantity production. Improvements that have given a standard product and at the same time reduced Its cost 100 per cent to the consumer, the motorist himself has not been made to realize how much additional saving he can add by giving his tires the same intelligent care that he gives to his motor or other parts. The motorist has failed to appreciate that 80 per cent of the materials that go into a high-grade pneumatic tire are of a vegetable nature, and consequently perishable, and that the rapidity of perlshable ness depends to a considerable de gree on the extent of unnecessary ex posure of the tire to deteriorating combinations of moisture, light and heat as well as avoidable destructive abuses such as cuts, abrasions and ruptures. Annual Tire Bill Huge. Steel tires are practically Immune from human abuse, but rubber tires are not and their careless destruction becomes a world wide econon.ic loss with an annual tire bill of consider ably more than Jl. 000.000. 000. By proper care 10 per cent additional tire mileage could be obtained which, translated, means a yearly upkeep saving of over $100,000,000. Early failure of tire equipment can be checkeTJ and correctiu by persistent publicity methods. Keeping In mind then that without rubber tires the motor vehicle as we know it today could not exist: that the rubber and cotton in tires are of a perishable nature, and have limits in withstanding abuse; and that by observing some simple precautions, easily within the ability of anyone, tire life can be prolonged 10 per cent is it not worth while to review the essentials of the carel and upkeep of rubber tires? A majority of pneumatic tire fail ures take the form of a puncture or a blowout. Punctures are generally pasily understandable since they re sult Irom a sharp substance piercing both casing and tube. Well con structed tires of proper size for the car do not puncture easily or frequently. Because or their flexibility cord con structed casings puncture less easily than the square woven fabric type. Cnuftea of Blowouts Many. Blowouts, on the other hand, may be traceable to a long list of causes. A blowout may occasionally affect only the tube. More often, however, Itinvolves both tube and casing. A blowout or rapid leak in the tube alone is more often the result of a tube pinch--caused by mounting on improper size or dirty rims, by lack of soapstone lubricant, by dirt or rough spots or rupture In the casing, by Improperly fitting valve, by folded flap or by catching the tube under the bead. Reasonable insurance 'against tube pinching and resulting leak or blow out, is to exercise Intelligence and se lecting the proper size tube and flap for the casing, keeping the rim in good condition and using care in the assembly and mounting of these units. Ordinary blowouts that effect both casing and tube are the result of a weakening in the fabric of the tire carcass. All tires blow out if used long enough, but such natural failures come late in tire life. It is the blow out resulting from tire abuse that is costly and that must be avoided if the tire is to render its full service. The most flagrant tire abuses, re- uiting in premature blowouts In cas ings, are: Overload, underinflation. overspeeding. misalignment of wheels, driving in car tracks and ruts, neglected cuts and improper use of anti-skid devices. A brief detailed discussion of each of these major abuses follows: All tires have a load limit. Constant, slight or occasional heavy overloads shorten tire life. To determine accu rately the load carried on a vehicle tire, weigh separately the front and rear wheels, and divide each weight by two for the tire load. To this can be added, weight figures correspond ing to the average front or rear pas senger load. The maximum actual tire load should not exceed the max imum load carrying capacity adver- J. J. Mcrney, Pacific roast representative of HyVls company. i if 4 7 JI Distributed by CHANSLOR & LYON CO., BRANCHES Seattle, 'Wash.; tised by responsible tire manufac turers. Proper Inflation Is as Important as proper loads. Tlree are not built to take the place of steel springs or or shock absorbers. Underlnflation re sults in an unnatural flexing of the layers of fabric, which causes sepa ration and early destruction of the tire carcass. If easier riding is de sired, oversize tires may be used, and such tires, in addition to furnishing extra resiliency, give more traction on rear wheels and supply greater mile age. However, oversizing tires . re quires a readjustment of the speed ometer. Otherwise the recorded dis tance will be less than that actually traveled. Do not change inflation pressure with changes In atmospheric tempera ture, since more damage results from endeavoring to compensate ror an in crease in the tire temperature than is caused by the increase In temperature itself. Avoid running on flat tire. Such practice ruins the tube and breaks the casing at the bead or side wall. If you collect automobile racing statistics you will find that the aver age life of a high-grade tire on a racing car is under BOO miles, which Is about one-twentieth of the life of a tire operated under ordinary con ditions. This difference In tire serv ice Is due directly to a difference in heat developed. Speeding Heats Tires. Heat exerts a deteriorating effect on vulcanized rubber in proportion to the intensity and length of time the rubber is exposed to It. The source of heat that does most damage is that produced at high running speed by the Internal friction of the tire car casss. The heat developed by fric tional contact with the road when traveling rapidly also has some In fluence. Tires are o designed as to. resist the effects of heat produced by ordinary every-day car operation. But tires cannot long remain Intact when highly heated by continuous or even intermittent speeding, and the results of such practice are rapid loss of elas ticity and flexibility, which lead to complete tire carcass breakdown. From the standpoint of tire life, me chanical, upkeep, and gasoline econ omy, car epeeds should be kept within prescribed limits. Among the factors which have an intimate relation to tire mileage Is wheel alignment. The free rolling motion of a tire is affected by a small wheel misalignment and the result is excessive tread wear. When the two opposite wheels are not parallel there is a diagonal grind at the point where the tires come in contact with the road surface, which wears off the rubber almost as fast as if in con tact with an emery wheel. Adjustments Are Needed. Front wheels may be out of align ment due to cross rod, axle or steer ing knuckle becoming bent by contact with a curb or some other obstruc tion, or tho cross road or knuckle may be Improperly adjusted. Also the tire alone or the tire and rim may be improperly mounted on the wheel. Because of the tendency of front wheels to spread during driving, car manufacturers set the wheels at a toe-In of from three-eighths to one half Inch, and when thus adjusted the wheels are properly aligned. The measurements showing these differ ences should be made between the felloes of the two front wheels at points Inside and on a level with the axle. Alignment or the toe-in of the wheels should not be confused with dish, which is setting the wheels far ther apart at the top than at the bot tom. Frequent cecklng wheel align ment saves tire wear. It is a factor that should not be neglected. . Rough pavements and crossings tempt the motorist to drive on street car tracks. While it is admittedly true that the occasional use or car tracks where road conditions are al most impassable is Justified. It is also true that the strain on certain parts of the tire due to continuous running on car tracks will not only quickly wear a depression In the tread rubber all around the tire, but the sharp bending action and overload on fabric directly under this depression will produce eventually an Inside fab ric break. Running on car tracks Is an expensive habit and should be WINTKER TRUCKS . A Better Track H i. Not Been Boilt ss lte. P. H. BUCHKOLZ State Distributor. 627 Wanhlnrlon btrees. Phons Broadway 4232. at tihm nest cliance yos'tfe You're on your way to the sta tion your car stops. She doesn't seem to be getting gas. Trains leave on time they don't wait . you're late. You'll never make it AStrombergGasolineFilterelim inates all such delays. It cleans the gas absolutely removes ev ery partical of dirt, every drop of water. Filters the fuel iust be fore it enters carburetor. Cuts down repair bills because dirt Dealers this is a fast selling necessity that you should not overlook. Write for complete facts about territory and sales discounts. STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES COMPANY Mmmfisinirtii of thm Stromburg Carburetor 64 East 25 On Street Chicago. Illinois Spokane. Wnsh.t I.os Angeles, fal.l San J.'resno, cau Indulged in only. In extreme neces sity. Most Cots Avoidable. A barefoot boy appreciates the need of quick attention to his surface cuts and bruises, which, given temporary protection, are self-healing. Tire tread cuts are also self-healing If promptly treated with heal-a-cut material. If not thus treated the elasticity of the rubber allows the cut to expand under load compression with every turn of the wheel. Dirt, glass, sand and peb bles wear and tear away the rubber until the cut has reached the first layer of tire fabric, where the foreign material creeps along and piles up between the tread rubber and car cass, forming sand lumps. Most cuts are avoidable, and the result of tire contact with sharp edges of railway tracks and cross ings, with worn horseshoes, broken glass, wheels spinning on wet pave ments and In mudholes, and by skid ding the tire by sudden brake appli cation. The remedy is to examine the tires at regular intervals, with the object of removing all penetrating ob jects, such as nails and tacks, to wash out the holes and cuts and close them by properly prepared healing prepa rations. Investment in tires does not end with the original purchase. To the first payment should be added a rela tively much smaller but Important care Investment. The use of chains or other anti skid devices is advisable under cer tain conditions. While a well-designed non-skid tread is. where care in driving is exercised, generally suf ficient Insurance against slipping on wet pavements and hard-surfaced roads, yet there are conditions of Ice. mud or deep snow when chains ore a necessity, and for such occasions they should bo carried as regular equipment. Anti-skid devices .that are station ary on the tire and wheel are tns cause of a good deal of the unsatisfac tory service rendered by tires. A loose device, particularly one that will creep around the tire and consequent ly distribute the strain and wear, is much to be preferred. But the best of devices, even though mounted with the greatAst care, should be used onlv OC30I D IOE30I IOIOI ANNOUNCING Change of p Northwestern Keystone Tire Sales Co. No. 3, Inc. M. A. Wnrzweiler, Manager Kxclusive Distributor Keystone Tires and Tubes I I distributors for Auto Accessories, Equipment and PartM TJRE& accumulating in theorburetor means repair bills. Can be attached to any make or model car to bottom of vacuum tank, on carburetor or directly to gas line. A necessity selling at $3 that will outlast car. Prevents theft locks the car. Your car is in complete without one see your dealer today. State name and model of your car. Park and Flanders Francisco, Cnl.i Oakland. Csl.l when and as long as is absolutely necessary. TAXICAH IS rCHLIC SKI tV ANT Xcw York "For-Hire" HiimIiickn In of Tremendous MiirhIUhIo. The greatest value of the taxicab lies in the fact that It Is a public servant. It serves the Interests of the individual and of business with equal efficiency. And the course of its service is not all one of smooth and unobstructed payvements. The New York City taxicab encounters traffic conditions equal In difficulty and variety to any in the world. It is frequently called upon to make trips into the suburbs and outlying country, often apart from the main arteries of traffic, where road condi tions are as bad as anywhere. Kven In the heart of the city where streets are out of repair, or have not graduated from the cobblestone days, even worse conditions are found. Added to these considerations are the congestion of the city's trafflo and the rigid traffic regulations that make the motorist's responsibility greater here than in any other city. The taxicab- has always reflected the progress of motor transportation. The first of these vehicles wore ths discarded motor cars of private In dividuals. They were cumbersome to handle, vagabond In appearance, ex travagant of fuel and In general maintenance costs. Accordingly their, use was regarded as an extravagance. But today these cars are efficient in every way. The bodies are espe cially designed, built and equipped. These, in turn, arc mounted on chassis of the most modern make. In this field, as in every other, the most efficient car has proved to he the one of lighter and average weight, mechanically sturdy and eco nomical In gasoline and tire cost as well as general upkeep. Chevrolet Review. An oil-burning Diesel type of en gine has been Invented for automobile use that is said to run on butter, lard or even powdered coal. IOE30I IOEIO D Name of the Tire Corporation D o to- o u o Corner Broadway and Glisan Street Telephone Broadway 2841 g Across From the Artisans' Building and One Door North