THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX. PORTLAND,
FREE STATE TREATY
S RATIFIED BY DM
L
Majority of 7 Bigger Than
Best of Hopes.
DE VALERA RESIGNS POST
Tense, Strained Silence Prevails
During Vote on Pact Then
Comes Gasp of Itelief.
f Contlnu'-d Krom first T'aite
was the executive 'until the people
disestablished it.
Nobody iMMuca Challenge.
Nobody was disposed to challenge
this proposition, for the general opin
ion had been that during the transi
tion period Ireland must keep her
representative assembly until the
treaty was converted Into an act of
parliament and the Irish would have
an opportunity to elect a legislature
to replace the Dall.
Michael Colllne followed De Valera.
He said he did not regard the result
In any spirit of triumph. Ho claimed
that the men representing the Dail
would be responsible for taking over
from the British government control
of the Irish administration and
should get a fair chance' In every
country what mattered most was pub
lic order and he appealed to the other
side to appoint a Joint committee to
carry on the government. Mr. Collins
declared President de Valera held the
same place In his heart as ever.
IVoribu'i Speech Violent.
Then followed a violent speech by
Alary McSwlney. denouncing the re
sult as worse than the betrayal of
Ireland In the days of (,'astlerea (Vis
count Castlereah, marquis of Lon
donderry, who as cnief secretary for
Ireland in 1798 was instrumental in
carrying the union In 1800).
Mr. de Valera rose ngatn. supposedly
to reply to Mr. Collins' overture,
ilowever. he took no notice of It and
merely appealed to all his supporters
to meet him at the Mansion house
tomorrow. This evidently hurt Mr
Collins very much, but he quietly
said :
"If the visible presence of myself
and colleagues is so distasteful there
might at any rate be some accom
modation between the parties for the
purpose of public order."
irurgras Make Retort.
Minister Burgess Immediately re
torted: "I will take .care that the
discipline of the army is preserved."
The assembly then separated to
meet Monday. No agenda was in
dicated and the only ilotlce of a
motion is one by the speaker. Pro
fessor Macnelll, affirming in general
terms Ireland's independence and
sovereign status for Which all sec
tions of the Dail might unanimously
vote.
The public was completely be
wildered regarding De Valera's in
tention. During the meetings today leading
to the ratification. Charles Burgess,
minister of defense, after denouncing
the treaty, referred ,to Michael Col
lins,, who has been known as head of
the repubTlcan army. He had been
asked regarding the position of Col
lins In the army and whether he ever
took an active part or fired a shot
at the enemy. He approached this
reluctantly, but Mr. Griffith had re
ferred to Collins as "the man who
won the war."
Collins Called Subordinate.
Mr. Collins said he thought they
were1 discussing the treaty, not per
sonalities. Deputy Brennan remarked
that if things were said about Collins
by the minister of defense, there
would be a lot to say about other
people.
Burgess declared Michael Collins
was merely a subordinate In the chief
of staff's office, and that the staff,
with one exception, did its work with
out notoriety. But Mr. Collins had
been taken up by the press corre
spondents. Burgess defended Krskine Chllders
against attacks. He said Childers had
done as much as any man amlmore
than most men to arm the Irish
people.
Mr. Griffith in private' session had
asked him to repeat In public what
he had said to Mr. Griffith on De
cember 3, when the delegates were
returning to London. Griffith had
then declared he would not break on
the question of the crown, and he and
Burgess had had a controversy over
this matter.
DurEria Objects to Oath.
Griffith then asked him could his
army undertake to drive Great Britain
out of Ireland and of course, he re
plied It could not. But he went on.
It was unnecessary to be able to beat
all of England's resources in order to
maintain their independence.
He (Burgess) objected to the oath
in tlte treaty on the ground that It
was an oath of allegiance to the king.
He also objected to allowing England
to defend the Irish coasts.
He explained Mr. de Valera's alter
native plan, which he likened to the
plan of one business firm going with
another for a specific purpose. A
firm did not sacrifice its indlv'dual
Independence by so doing. The Irish
were prepared to recognizo the Brit
ish king as head of an association;
they were In favor not of common
citizenship, but reciprocal citizenship.
The only delegate who really
wanted the treaty, Mr. Burgess as
serted, was Arthur Griffith.
Mnn Fein Held Doomed.
The Sinn Fein movement could not
' have lived, he continued, except that
men like himself, who had spent
years In preparing for Easter week,
had agreed to come into it He had
been opposed to sending delegates to
London because of the Influences to
which they would be subjected. The
negotiations were maneuvers by
IJoyd George to get the better of
them. Lloyd George had tried ter
rorism, aifd when It failed, resorted
to wiles.
The Irish delegates had agreed to
their instructions, which were that
they were to sjgn no treaty .without
first submitting it to - the cabinet.
They had been broken; for more than
a month before the treaty there were
40 conferences confined to two of
their five delegates, and that made
him suspicious.
He challenged Mr. Griffith why
these sub-conferences had been held
and asked who arranged them, and
Mr. Griffith replied that it was the
British government. Then he had
asked who picked the two, Griffith
and Collins, and the answer was, the
British government. The British gov
ernment knew these two men werei
the weakest of the team.
No wonder thefe was Jubilation in
England when the treaty was signed.
He hoped the Dail would not consent,
llolnnd KxplainM Action,.
At the evening session Harry J.
I'.olund explained that he had learned
. ruin the president that the minimum
was external association; he thought
when he heard of the treaty In Amer-
IRISH FREE STATE ACCEPTED NOW BY BOTH BRITISH
AND DAIL.
The regime for Ireland has now been approved both by the
British parliament and by the Dail Creation of the Irish free state
is provided for In the treaty signed last month In London, after
prolonged negotiations for a settlement of the Irish problem. Its
provisions in substance are:
Ireland shall have the same constitutional status in the British
empire as the dominion of Canada, the rommonwealth of Australia,
the dominion of New Zealand and the union of South Africa.
Ireland shall be known officially as the Irish Free State, with a
parliament having powers for the government of the counBry and
a legislature responsible to that parliament.
A provisional government Is to be set up, to function until an
Irish parliament and a government of the Irish Free State shall be
constituted, but not longer than 12 months at the outside.
The treaty-stipulates that a representative of the crown shall be
appointed for Ireland In the same manner as the governor-general
of Canada
Ireland is given control over all governmental affairs and is
entitled to an army, which shall, however, not be larger In propor
tion to Ireland's population than the'Brltlsh army is to the popula
tion of.Great Britain.
One of the first step by virtue of ratification by the Dail will
be the withdrawal of the British forces from Ireland.
Ulster is Included within the scopo of the treaty, but provision Is
made for her to declare herself out within one month after an act
of the British parliament ratifying the treaty and to continue under
the present regime as provided In the government of Ireland act
in 1920.
In that case, however, a boundary commission to be named to
determine the boundary between northern Ireland and the rest of
Ireland. - "
The Irish Free State will assume what may be decided by agree
ment or arbitration as a lair and equitable proportion of public
debt of the United Kingdom and is to afford harbor facilities to
British naval forces tinder terms to be fixed by a convention, be
tween the two governments.
Safeguards are provided for freedom' of religion and education
within both the Irish Free 8tate and northern Ireland.
Formal ratification by Ireland, It Is provided by the treaty, shall
be at a meeting summoned of the members elected under the govern
ment of Ireland act. to sit In the house of commons of southern
Ireland. These members,' with a few exceptions, are the same as
those of the Dail.
The British parliament approved the treaty ' December 16 by
adopting the reply to the speech from the thron requesting sucht
approval. Various formalities of formal ratification, however, still'
remain to be complied with in order to conform to the terms of the
document.
IS STILL ALIVEi
IMAKQCIS, RKPORTKD DEAD,
BECOMES CONSCIOUS.
i
ica that the minimum had been
achieved and Ireland had come with
in the comity of nations. But when
he saw the text in the papers he
knew it was not so and he opposed it.
At this point Mr. Collins Inter
jected: "It won't do, Harry."
Arthur Griffith then arose. The
two delegates had met the British
representatives alone, he said, for
the same reason that the president
had met Mr. Lloyd George. It was
Collins who had made the situation
anil whose indomitable wiVl had car
ried Ireland through a terrible crisis.
Promise to Cabinet Heralled.
Before he went to London, he con
tinued, he told the cablnoi he would
try to get a republic, but did not be
lieve he could get it. If they were
guilty of treason to the republic, let
them be tried. He believed they were
right and would do the ie thing
again. The president had not added
that in his correspondence with the
premier he had never asked for rec
ognition of the republic. The dele
gates were sent to make a compro
mise. The treaty freed Ireland from
any aggression, he said, and anyform
of association with the British em
pire, but involved some form of oath;
De Valera had suggested one form.
Many men in that assembly had taken
oath after oath to the king of Eng
land, all of whom were going to vote
against the treaty because they ob
jected to the oath. This hypocrisy was
damnable,.
Treaty Faults Admitted.
lie agrotd that the treaty bad faults.
As it stood, the treaty conserved Ute
Interests of Ireland and was not a
finality. --
The Sinn Fein had stood down to
allow John Hedmond to gt as much
as possible In the home rule bill be
cause then the country could do no
better. ly- had met the southern
unionists because they were his
countrymen and there should be fair
play for everybody. He would meet
the Ulster unionists on the same
basis. "
Mr. Griffith went on to De Valera's
alternative document and said they
had put It forward In London, but It
was twice turned down. He argued
as to the difference between the
treaty and the De Valera document,
which he declared was-no more than
a claim for dominion status. It cer
tainly was not for a republic.
Mr. De Valera Interrupted:
"Why did Lloyd George turn it
down?"
I)r Ynlrru'a Document Criticised.
Griffith proceeded to criticize De
Valera's document and his suggested
oath. Mr. de Valera again inter
rupted: "The fate 6f this nation is being
decided, but the people of Ireland and
people in this assembly do not un
derstand what Is contained im the
treaty. Mine is explicit and we have
had no opportunity by procedure In
the debate to explain it."
Mr. Griffith replied:
"If the members of this assembly
do not understand what is in the
treaty they are not fit to be repre
sentatves of the people of Ireland."
There was an angry scene when Mr.
Griffith said they could not go on
any platform In their constituencies
and disapprove of the treaty. Where
was self-determination? Hostility to,
the will of the people was as great
an usurpation as Dublin Castle, and,
he added emphatically:
"My power will be used against it."
I'ropie Asked to Judge.
If the Dail rejected the treaty the
Irish people would throw" them out
for Incompetence. He would not
agree to crucify the Irish people for
a formula; he would have Ireland for
the Irish, with a monarchy, if he
could not have It with a republic.
Mr. do Valera said that the Irish
people would Judge between the
treaty, wheh left everything Implied,
and his document, which was explicit.
It was a case of Flodd and Grattam
over again.
"I suppose the Irish volunteers are
to be discarded next?" he exclaimed.
He announced that the republic wouIt
go on until the Irish people disestab
lished it.
The division was then taken, the
speaker ruling that no deputy repre
senting two constituencies should
voto twice.
Griffith Makes Final Speech.
Arthur Griffith made the final ar
gument for the treaty.
Griffith paid a tribute to Michael
Collins as "the man who won the
war."
"If my name is to go down into hls-J
tory 1 want it associated with the
name of Michael Collins," he ex
claimed
Defending the treaty he said If the
delegates were guilty of treason
against the republic let them be tried
for It. He termed the point raised by
the opponents regarding the oath
"damnable hypocrisy."
He admitted that the treaty had
faults but declared It was the best
that could have been drafted that
would have been acceptable to the
British government. He declared Its
opponents were trying to reject the
treaty without giving the Irish peo
ple a chance. He referred to Abra
ham Lincoln and said the American
martyred president used to say he
would always consult the will of the
people." not only those who elected
him but those who opposed him.
Heatedly resenting repeated at
tempts to interrupt him during his
address, Mr. Griffith cried:
"There is no power in this junta to
Intimidate me. any more than Dublin
castle could."
OIL LIGHT BEATS
ELECTRIC OR GAS
BURNS 94 AIR
A new oil lamp that gives an amaz
ingly brilliant, soft, white light, even
better than gas or electricity, has
been tested by the U. S. Government
and 35 leading universities and found
to be superior to 10 ordinary oil
lamps. It burns without odor, smoke
or noise no pumping up. Is simple,
clean, safe. Burns 84 air and
6 common kerosene (coal-oil).
The Inventor. W. C. Johnson, P. O.
Box 38. Portland. Is offering to send
a lamp on 10 days' FREE trial, or
even to give one FREE to the first
user in each locality who will help
him Introduce It. Write him today
for full particulars. Also ask him to
explain how you can get the agency,
and without experience or money
r-ake 1260 to 1500 per month. Adv.
IKISH IN AMERICA HOUSED
Friends to Continue Support of Re
publican Party.
NEW YORK, Jan. 7. Continued
support of the republican party In
Ireland regardless of the Dail's rati
fication was pledged by the Friends
of Irish Freedom In an official state
ment issued tonight on behalf of the
friends by Diarumund Lynch, na
tional secretary.
The position of the organization
was outlined as follows:
"Expressly disavowing the Intention
to Interfere with or dictate decisions
of the people of Ireland as to the
form of government under which they
may live, we retain as American
citizens our unalterable faith In the
republican Institutions of liberty as
established in the United States. Our
belief remains unchanged and un
changeable in the blessings to accrue
from the establishment in all lands
of forms of government modeled on
the government of the United States
and we pledge to such republican
party In Ireland as may carry for
ward ' the traditional struggle for
liberty a continuance In full measure
of that hearty support which we have
given In the past. Our position as
expressed was unanimously Indorsed
by 2750 delegates assembled In con
vention less than a month ago.
"Even If the Irish reipublio be now
abandoned by a majority of the pres
ent spokesmen for the Irish people,
we of Irish blood refuse to accept for
our race a position of subserviency to
any other race on earth."
LOT HOLDERS TO MEET
Affairs of I'fVcrvicw Cemetery As
sociation to Be Probed.
A meeting of the lot holders of the
Rlverview Cemetery association will
be held at 3 P. M. tomorrow In room
A of the Central library to hear a
report of the committee which has
been examining into the affairs of
the Rivervlew Cemetery association
with the idea and purpose of taking
some necessary action. The question
of the continuance of the Irreducible
fund Is involved and, In fact, the
policy to be pursued hereafter in the
conduct of the cemetery will prc-bablyy
be determined at this meeting.
The president has issued a notice
stating that he particularly requests
that all of those interested be present.
"Washington .Lump Coal, $9.75.
EDLEFSEN'S." Adv.
Phone your want ads to The Ore
gonlan. Main 7070 Automatic 530-95.
2 'lyvery E
Posthumous Honors Conferred by
Kegent in Xante of Emperor..
Honolulu Gets New.
HONOLULU. Jan. 7. A report that
Marquis Okuma Is still alive, and that
the news of hl. death given out yes
terday from Tokio was erroneous.
was contained in a Tokio cablegram
received here late today by the Jap
anese language newspaper Xippu Jiji.
Attending physicians ware quoted in
the cablegram.
The marquis, officially declared
dead yesterday, regained conscious
ness today and was still breathing
snghtly when the cablegram was
fi-.ed. it declared. His physicians an
nounced that a state of coma Into
whicn the marquis had fallen had
been mistaken for death.
Posthumous honors had been be
stowed on the marquis by the regent,
Prince-Hirohita, in th name of the
emperor.
it was recalled that a someyhat
similar case arose in connection with
Field Marshal Terauchi, who. like the
marquis, was officially pronounced
dead but regained consciousness a
few days later. He died soon afterward
The news of Okuma's ' death was
not officially announced in Tokio un
til several hours after he had sunk
into the state of coma:.
MASONS PLAN TEMPLE
Doric Lodge of St. Johns Expect
to' Erect Modern Building.
Members of Doric lodge of St. Johns.
Masonic, are discussing tentative
plans for the erection of a bungalow-
type temple to be devoted entirely to
Masonic meetings and affairs. The
Masons now own two halls and a
piece of business property located a
short distance west of the Peninsula
National bank.
i. The new official roster of thls1odge
reads: John M. Blair, worsnlpful mas
ter; Ross Walker, senior warden; C.
B. Russell, junior warden; V. S. Or-
mandy, senior deacon. D. H. Knowles,
Junior deacon; E. P. Borden, senior
steward: C. C Currfn, junior ste.wa.rd;
F. P-. Drinker, treasurer; A. W. Davis,
secretary; R. H. Knowles, marshal;
D. M. Burson, tyler; R. Gradcn, chaplain.
Read The Oregonian classified ads.
PIANO
BARGAINS
Guaranteed. Terms Given.
STEIN WAY
I7.GH.T: $400
KIMBALL .
n...; $525
CLARENDON
BEST VALUE, $395
, STEINWAY
L.E'. $150
MARSHALL-WENDELL
UPRIGHT, 17
fine tone J 1 I J
KINGSBURY, Mahg.. . ..$,iOO
LELAND, Mahg $250
HINZEMAN ..$125
STORY-CLARK, Wal...$300
And Others See Them.
125 Fourth, Near Washington
I. A Distinction
uiwiiimmiiiiiiintiminiMttmHiimimimiiMHimimiiitiiiimiM
Think of me only as a Jeweler
selling the better quality of
jewelry and especially so when
buying a diamond. This is a
distinction I have earned by
the standard I have maintained.
You will find it evident after
inspecting my stock.
Call and investigate. It will b
to our mutual advantage.
Convenient Terms
without extra charge
Diamond Specialist
348 Washington Street
Morgan Building
Portland and the North
west's finest hostelry.
Rates $2.50 and Up
Splendid grill and fa
cilities for entertaining
private parties.
Portland. Oregon
WHEN YOU GO TO
SAN FRANCISCO
t HOTEL
STEWART
On Geary St., Just off Union Sqnsre,
close to best stores, cafes, theatres.
Good accommodations at moderate rates.
Best known maals in the United States.
Breakfast, 60c, 60c. -76c; Lunch 65c
(8undays, 76c); Dinner 11-25. (Sun
days, f 1.60) . Municipal car passes door.
Stewart Bus meets trains and steamer.
Advise making reservations In advance.
Lowered Prices!
That what every me-f iirnipther h wlMhed for.
MrJi'ter are and m HKUIXAR "TOCK. TOO. Net
gooda especially houiiht for "Special Sale." Mwhaa-
Ue of quality aad character la Ike h-lna Wnsris la
xicrtasT darts tkls
Annual January
IT MAY BE WELL TO REMIND YOU that, regardlesa
of these reduced prices. Easy Terms, No Interest, ap
ply to each and every purchase the same as though
you paid full and regular prices. If your new home
fa not ready, MAKE SELECTIONS NOW, as Edwards
does not charge storage, even though future delivery
Is wanted. (Contract goods are not on sale) but there
are bargains for every room in your home.
Save From 10 to 50
f ,77777-. i
::::::::ti fiTTTTT if
Regular $3330
Bed; Spring and Mattress
$25
$1 Cash$1 Week No Interest
To a furniture store these goods are like bread, milk and sugar to the grocer at
that. Edwards has reduced them about 33 per cent, besides making terms that are
without a doubt within reach of all.
Mattress is a 45-pound felted cotton with rolled edges on both sides, heavy eteel '
link, helical and steel slat band, supported spring and a Simmons continuous
post one-inch tube steel bed in ivory, white or V. M. (gold color) finish.
h n I--' I I
Library Tables and
Davenport Tables.
Values to $45.00
And Real Beatifies, Too!
$26.95 to
$34.75
Lovely mahogany tops, with Queen Anne
and other period bases. Yon may hav.)
waited long and diligently for a sale like
this. Now, don't let it slip by. At least
look 'em over. With implicit confidence
Edwards doubts whether you've seen
tables anything near the equal of these at
less than the original (not reduced) prices.
Redace4 Prices From Original Low Marks on Dining
Tables and Chairs
QUEEN ANNE
f 138 Walnut or Mahogany Top Tables and sets of
Six Chairs, finely finished to match, with blue or brown
genuine leather slip seats. Tables have 64-tnch CMC
diameter tops that extend to six feet. January price w
WILLIAM AND MARY
$99 mahogany finished 48-inch top six-foot Extension
Tables 1nd sets of Six Chairs (Including Carvers), with
brown genuine leather slip seats. Only three of these
seta, so you had better see them without delay, ast7C
the price now la only
COLONIAL OAK
$S3.50 quarter-sawed 45-lnch Plank - Rim Six - Foot
Pedestal Table, with set of Six Substantially Built Solid
Oak Chairs, fitted with genuine leather slip seats.
Styles come and styles go, but It seems that Colonials,
will be good forever. At that the price is re-CQ
duced for January to
If! Ill CBffi!iiMrj",ML-s. , j
HERE'S THE BUY FOR YOU!
9135 ANIJ 914.1 KAUIIMTE VKLOI H AND TAPES1HV
Overstuffed Davenports
$115.00
i
!L.fe:::f
Full web base and back construction, with double-strength spring-front
edge and sprinj?-f ilfed loose cushions. See the front window today.
This is not inerelv a eale on "made-up'' davenports. It's a sale to SAVH
YOU SOME MONEY. There are only four of these davenports in the
house "made up," but there are eleven different covers to choose from.
Select the one you like best and It will he made up to order web base
and back, as well as spring construction. Guaranteed to be like samples
In the store. .
$31.50 "Peninsular"
Rugs!
These, too. at prices you'll like.
Here's only a partial list of what awaits you on the
second floor:
$60 00 John Crosslev English Wilton, 3x15 feeL.4S.OO
$40.00 Blgelow Bagdad. 3x12 feet asu.ftO
$87.50 Verdun Chenille. 0x12 (three colors) .!H
SS5.00 Jacquard Persian. .9x12 (one only) s5.oo
67.50 Linen Fringe Wilton Velvets 9x12 M.SO
$47.50 Seamless Wool Velvets, Sxl2 ...tf.r
$38.50 Axminsters. 9x12 (three good patterns). .2.M
$35.00 Seamless Brussels, slse 9x12 M.7IV
$25.00 Seamless Brussels, size 9x12 .!.K
$19.75 Jaspay Fiber Rugs, size 9x12 S14.7S
TAN, BLIE, ROSE AND PINK RAO RIGS.
(Regular Prices $2.25. $2.50. $3. $3.50.)
January Prices 1.45. 91.70, 91.00, 92.60
INGRAIN OR WOVEN ART RUGS (ROOM SIZES)
(Regular Prices $4.60. $4.95. $5.95. $6.95.)
January Prices.. 93.75, 94.15, 4.5, 955
All Short Lengths, (Under Tea Tarda) of Both
Inlaid and Print Linoleum
HALF PRICE!
4nch
Seamless Copper
Double -Coil
Gas Water Heater
$27.50
ti
CA.XH. 9 1 WEEK.
NO INTEREST.
Equipped with one-piece removable
burner inside of all - cast Japanned
and baked jacket. Weight 45 pounds,
height 23 inches and circumference of
Jacket S3 inches.
Don't delav. get vour water heater
at the (special price and on special
terms, you ll not get any aiscount
by saving up to pay all cash, so why
not have the use of it. Installations
will be made in rotation of orders
first come, first served and there's
-twenty-five in stock. Think it over.
AOood PkceTo Trad
jJleU-QgfcO
Eai y- Terms - No tniervst
i