THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 13, 1921
S
IERIC1 PAYROLLS
CUT SIX BILLIONS
Labor's Contribution to De
nation Is Gigantic.
REVIVAL IS EXPECTED
All Signs Declared to Point to
Continuation of Readjustment.
Vneniployment on Wane.
BY HARDEN' COLFAX.
(Copyright, bv The Oregonian.)
WASHINGTON'. Feb. II. (Special.)
American payrolls have been cut
JS.O'JO.OOO.OOO during the period of the
last six months. Such is labor's
quick and gigantic contribution to
tue post-war deflation of values.
.Forty per cent of the country's 40.
ftOn.OOO workers apparently have been
affected directly by wage cuts, sal
ary cuts, short tune or unemploy
tnent. The other 60 per cent, with
important exceptions, seems destined
to be affected soru time within the
next year or la months, but tne re
adjustment will be less violent and
the deflation process' slower.
All signs point to a continuation,
with increasing momentum, of the
business revival which first became
perceptible a month or six weeks ago.
I nemployinent is reported to be on
tile wane; business is picking up;
here and there it still lags; and 1921
bids fair to be as healthy, industrially
and commercially, as 1920.
Kqnations lard in Study,
Such are the high lights of a care
ful survey of our present business
situation conducted by a canvass of
governmental agencies, trade organi
zations, financial institutions and in
dividual industries. The survey is
l.Hsed on a study of all equations en
tering into our commercial life, but
ts hampered by a lack of concrete
facts, almost amazing, upon which
final summing up can be made. It is
given as the result of days of re
search, with the knowledge and ap
proval of government officials con
cerned, for what it is worth.
Six billion dollars of inflation has
4ecn squeezed out of the values of
commodities during the last few
months by the calloused hands of la
bor alone. The wage earner has
joined the producer, the middleman
and the retailer in bringing down the
tost of living. A commercial agency
of national reputation was quoted the
other day as saying that values had
dropped 40 per cent from their peak
of May and June, 1920.
To obtain an idea of the cut in
American payrolls it was necessary
to go back to the census figures of
1910. Nobody in the United States
knows today how many workers there
are in the country. The 1910 census
totaled them at 38,000.000. The gov
ernment in 1918 estimated that it re
quired seven workers at home to sup
port a man in kahki. There were
5.000,000 men in the army; the wage
earners' army, by estimate, must have
been 35.000.000.
Nobody knows exactly how much
wages have advanced, on the average,
since the pre-war days. A govern
ment survey, however, never pub
lished or referred to before, was made
last year in 30 states among 680 in
dustrial, commercial and other estab
lishments, thoroughly representative
of American business life. The gist
of the reports was that wages bad
advanced 144.9 per cent in June last
the peak of high wages over 1914.
Avrrace in 1914 fOOO.
In 1914 the average estimated an
nual wage of 38,000.000 workers was
J600. Applying the 144.9 per cent in
crease to that figure and. inciden
tally, that percentage is conservative,
as certain states, notably Delaware,
have reported wage increases up to
22t per ceift, covering their entire
population of workers the average
worker's annual wage in June last
was J 1500.
A fair, normal rate of growth, mak
ing due allowance for the rush of
women into Industry during the war
period, would bring the country's to
tal workers up to 43.000,000. We thus
have 45.000.0uO workers at an aver
age of $1500 a year each, or a total
payroll of more than $60,000,000,000.
Coming to the wage cuts, it was
found by reports at the labor depart
ment that almost 12.000.000 workers
engaged in manufacture have suffered
reductions, have be-yn put" on part
time or have undergone a period of
unemployment. In some lines, such
as automobile manufacturing and tex
tiles, the cuts were drastic, throwing
tens of thousands out of work.
In the basic industries of oil-producing,
lumber and metal mining
many workers have been cut. Many
others, notably 723.000 men employed
in coal mining, are still working at
the same rates of pay, though on re
duced time.
The 2.000.000 railroad employes have
not been cut, but have had their
numbers reduced and in many cases
their working time cut down. The
quarter of a million street car em
ployes have not been cut, nor hav
the 1.000,000 telephone and telegraph
employes so far as can be learned.
And professional men. with rare ex
ceptions, are obtaining war-time com
pensation. Summing up, the government offi
cials interested believe that more
than 40 per cent of the wage earners
have contributed by income sacrifice
to deflation, and 10 per cent of the
total earnings is a conservative esti
mate of the payroll cut.
As to the future, .11 authorities
agree that business Is looking up.
that the worst is over and that. the
outlines of the good old times are
in sight now, even if they are not
within hailing distance.
not renounce commitments to Ire
land and Mesopotamia without leav
ing anarchy behind. Furthermore,
there is no prospect of the German in
demnity in a long time.
The moral prestige of the Lloyd
George government has been badly
shaken through lack of provisions for
the employment of ex-soldiers and
fi'tile negotiations with the building
trades unions which, notwithstand
ing the dearth of houses, bar the
entry of nonunion men into these
trades.
Tax Chance la Held Son.
Announcement of abandonment of
the excess profits tax is regarded by
some as a sop to Cerebus, indicating
that a general election is coming.
Personally I do not think the govern
ment will appeal to the country until
it has carried out Its promise to re
construct the house of lords. Mean
time, Lloyd George is not in an ap
pealing mood. On the contrary he is
cut for scalps and Is getting them.
His personal ascendancy was never
more marked than now, nor in my
opinion can it be sensibly diminished
until a new star appears in the po
litical firmament to attract and focus
into effective combination the dis
cordant and mutually antagonistic
eiements in opposing camps.
The British mandate over Palestine.
while safeguarding interests and
rights of other inhabitants, permits
immigration of Jews Into the country
and gives the Zionists organization an
advisory status. It is, however, a
disappointing docur.ent to. American
Jews, who dreamed of a Jewish state
In Palestine. None the less It Is
strictly in accordance with the decla
ration of allied policy enunciated in
November, 1917.
FRANC
E AT ROPE'S
EMI, SAYS III
Better Reparations Terms
Fortnight Are Hcpe.
in
CONCESSIONS TO CEASE
MHED BY 3 AUTOS
3 PEDESTRIANS STRUCK AND'
KIGJIT LEGS BROKEN".
French Chamber Demands
History's Greatest Crime
Expiated by Authors. "
That
Be
Victims In Hospital, 3 Drivers,
All Reported Going Carefully,
Released by Police.
Three automobiles struck three pe
destrians last night at different
points In the city, putting three vic
tims in St. Vincent's hospital, each
with a fracture of the right leg. The
three drivers were released by the
police.
F. Casciato. 33 years of age. 6112
Fifty-fifth street Southeast, was run
down on the Cornell road a few mo
ments after he had left St. Vincent s
hospital, where he was visiting a
friend who had been injured in an
accident. The driver, Henry Wick,
an employe of the Palace garage,
took Casciato back to the hospital.
Mrs. Mildred Short, 25 years old.
306 Dekum street, was knocked, down
t Beacon street and Milwaukle ave
nue by the automobile of E. C. Tapfer.
At St. Vincent's hospital her condi
tion was not held to be serious. She
is said to have stepped out from
behind a telephone pole so quickly
that the driver was unable to avoid
hen
Philip LeRoy, 38 years old. a log
ger, was walking north on the east
side of Sixth street when the auto
mobile of W. K. McLane, 312 East
Leavitt street, St. Johns, struck him.
In all cases it was said the drivers
were driving carefully and rendered
assistance following the accidents.
DIAL THREATENS LAND IS
(Continued Kmm Firyt Page.)
uproars of hilarity by his thrusts at
Senator Dial.
"Senator Dial says." stated Judge
Landis, "that he has written to find
out if what is reported I have said
is a truthful report that is to say,
that the banks were really respon
sible for the theft, because they paid
Carey only $90 a month. I want to
jtell you what the case was. This
fellow won't have to Inquire any
further. I want to save him his time
for hla cotton mills and his banks."
Judge Landis then went Into de
tails of the case in which Francis J.
Carey, a clerk in the National City
bank of Ottawa, 111., was charged
with the embezzlement of $96,000
Carey, he asserted, was only 19 years
old, and was paid but a little more
than $3 a day for handling approxi
mately $1,000,000 a month. Judge
Landis declared that his investiga
tions showed him that young Carey
was the support of his mother and
four younger brothers and a sister.
The judge said his study of the situ
ation had disclosed the fact that the
bank which employed Carey as receiv
ing teller at $90 a month paid "20 per
cent of profit on the investment to
their shareholders on their stock per
annum."
"Then it was," Judge Landis de
clared, "that I made the statement
that a board of bank directors that
were guilty of creating the condition
I have outlined would naturally and
reasonably invite embezzlement. I
repeat that here, and I send that to
Senator Dial with my compliments."
Judge Landis read from "Who's
Who" of Senator Dial's interest in
South Carolina banks and cotton
mills. He said that if In all his 16
years of service on the bench he had
not accomplished anything else. "I
have performed the herculean task of
dragging" Senator Dial "from what
appeared to be an airtight obscurlvy."
Judge Landis. declared that he had
of course to send Carey some place,
but that he did not intend to send
him to the penitentiary.
BT RENE VIVIAXI,
Former Premier of France.
(Copyright. 1921. .by The Oregonian.)
PARIS, Feb. 12. (Special cable.)
France bflpes that the conference
between the allies and Germany in
London within the next fortnight
will improve upon the Paris agree
ment with respect to reparations. .
ranee is at t.ie end of the rope
so far as concessions are concerned
and the cabinet will refuse to yield
any more. That is why the entente
will oppose the reopening of the
discussion which the Germans will
seek 'at London by offering counter
proposals. We shall soon see whether
history's greates. crime is to be ex
piated by Us authors. This is what
the French chamber demands and
th's is why the Briand ministry re
ceived a. vote of confidence this week
in anticipation of the London con
ference. The Paris conference tightened the
bonds of Anglo-French friendship.
This fact underlies the general satis
faction in France over the meeting,
but we must admit that the reception
by the chamber of deputies was not
as enthusiastic as the attitude of the
press led us to expect.
Praises Held Excessive.
The praises showered on the docu
ment which, despite its good quali
ties, represents further sacrifices of
French credits, are regarded by the
chamber as somewhat excessive.
The means of compulsion provided
are satisfactory in appearance, but
we doubt whether they are workable.
Further, the German attitude and
the apparently concerted protests
make Frenchmen wonder what the
morrow will bring forth.
Public opinion finds too many sac
rifices and insufficient guarantees In
the new agreement. Despite the ruins
with which France is covered, her
men are moderate enough to accept in
the Interests of world peace even a
mediocre arrangement curtailing
credits and spreading the payment of
reparation over many years. They
will even accept the 12 per cent ex
port tax, because Germany's future
exports cannot be calculated.
Guarantees Are Viewed.
They would even accept all that if
they were sure of getting it. But it
is pointed out that the agreement no
longer accords with the treaty. Ger
many pays during 42 years, but if we
gradually abandon the left bank of
the Rhine within 15 years, in accord
ance with the treaty, what guaran
tee will we have after 15 years have
passed if Germany suddenly ceases
her payments? . Nothing. Moreover.
that the first payments are calculated
naturally so as not to crush Ger
many and that later on the annual
amounts are increased, we have this
paradox: We must abandon our legi
timate means of pressure our army
on the left bank of the Rhine at a
time when our largest payments are
due and also when Germany is re
strengthened and will, after exhaust
ing trickery, try by force to dodge
her obligations.
Also be it noted that the first three
annual payments are 520,000.000
francs. 1.500.000.000 francs, and 2,200.
000,000 francs, respectively. But
what is the use of that when we must
pay 4.000,000,000 of francs annually
in- pensions and 10.000,000.000 if we
desire to restore devastated areas.
sionaJ activity and with our ten
richest districts Still In ruins.
This situation Is the harder on
France because, looking on the other
side of the Rhine, we perceive this
demoralizing spectacle: Germany has
imposed no taxes and is contracting
a railroad deficit by charging every
thing to running expenses. She has
placed all the sub-officers of her
army, numbering . 380,000, as super
numeraries on the railroads and while
she votes taxes, she does not collect.
ALLIES EXPECTED TO PAY
(Continued From First Page.)
JAPANESE PERIL FACED
(Continued From Flrat Pa (re.
ci relief through retrenchment in ex
penditures, for the irovernment can-
! The Ampico
j
"The Eventual Piano"
There is no piano so distin
guished that can successfully
challenge the GREAT AM
PICO. Trade your piano in on
one of these marvelous instru
ments. Yesterday we accepted
as part payment a Chickering
Grand. What is yours?
CONVENIENT PAYMENTS
ARRANGED
How Ralne Moneyt In Query
A budget deficit can easily be cal
culated, but how can the money be
raised? We cannot resort to a for
eign loan, for our foreign debt is
83.000.000,000 francs, and it is im
possible to increase it. From the
purely natural view, interior loans
can be raised if we rely upon our
power of production and savings and
the labor and patriotism of our coun
try. We can also rely on formidable
taxes, with which we already are
burdened and which amount to 20.
000.000,000 annually 20,000,000,000
francs paid by a nation with a million
and a half dead, a million cripples
deprived of all physical and profes-
we should cancel our loans and then
Great Britain should cancel hers.
Notice Served on Allies.
But there need be no doubt about
the net of It. So far as cash is con
cerned, Great Britain would stand to
win little or nothing by our cancel
lation of tiedebt she owes us, if she
in turn should cancel all that is owed
her. Undoubtedly, a mutual cancel
lation of these debts all around would
have certain complex results affect
ing foreign trade and exchange. Since
Great Britain is so much more expert
in this line than we are, it can be
taken for granted that she foresees
labese results and would manage to
profit by them.
But Austen Chamberlain, when he
made that speech, was not voicing
irritation because we have refused
to cancel the loans. Neither -was he
bringing pressure to bear on us to
cancel them now. Undoubtedly, what
he was doing was to serve notice on
the other allies that, inasmuch as
America will not cancel the loans she
made. Great Britain will be unable
to cancel the loans she made, and,
therefore, France and Italy and the
others must pay. Mr. Chamberlain's
speech was merely a diplomatic way
of calling the attention of France and
the other European allies to an over
due account. Also. Great Britain gets
credit for willingness to cancel, while
we get the odium of preventing it.
Approach Not Surprising.
Of course. It is true that while
Great Britain's financial interest in
our canceling of the loans is com
paratively small, there are other rea
sons, and good reasons from her point
of view, why she should want us to
do it. It would save her the incon
venience of compelling the other al
lies to pay and. In other respects.
especially as regards her foreign
trade, would be desirable from the
British point of view.
Mr. Chamberlains revelation that
Great Britain already has approached
us on this subject ought to be no
surprise. In the Informal ways of
friendly conversation many British
statesmen, British- editors and Brit
ish leaders of thought have made this
suggestion to American public men
and journalists. It has been made
to the writer of this article on more
than one occasion. One suggestion.;
once made in my hearing was that J
Great Britain, might. take the hikla-
tive by first canceling all the loans
owed to her, and thus "put it up
to us to cancel. But Mr. Chamber
lain's action wculd seem to indicate
that Great Britain does not now place
any such high estimate on our wil
ingness to enter a competition in al
truism.
Little Chance of Cancellation.
Any one familiar with congress.
and familiar with American public
sentiment, knows hjj-w little is the
likelihood of our cancelling the debts
owed to us by our late allies. Al
most any American public man in
responsible position would be de
terred from making such a suggest'on
by the fear of being laughfcd at. Any
proposal to cancel these loans would
be regarded as facilitating Great
Britain in her present maintenance
of troops in Ireland, and as facilitat
ing France in what America gener
allyTegards as a deplorable policy
of maintaining a large standing army.
The daily dispatches which picture
the acts of the British army in Ire
land make impossible any act on
America's part in the direction of
making it easier for Great Britain
to keep up the expense of that army.
As I said in the beginning, the whole
thing makes little difference finally
to Great Britain, but American pub
lic opinion, in its present state, would
take the form of disapproval never
theless. Great Britain little knows
what a strong sentiment adverse to
her is being built up by the daily
cables that describe what is going
on in Ireland.
France Also In Poor Light.
In the same way, American public
opinion would take the form of disap
proval of the continued size of
France's military establishment.
Especially would American public
opinion tak the form of disapproval
of certain aspects attending France's
maintenance; of black troops from
Africa In German territory. Some of
the aspects of this French occupation
of Germany, rumors of which have
trickled back to America, are deeply
shocking to our American way of
looking at things.
... ; .V . '
Woodarcl, Clarke &. Co,
W00DLARK BUILDING ALDER AT WEST PARK
Leather Department
All "LIKLY" Bags, Suitcases, -Fitted or
Unfitted
ONE-FOURTH OFF
Genuine Ivory Py-Ra-Lin Sale
The biggest selling Toiletware on the market, because every
article .has value, the quality guaranteed. '
THREE PROVEN BEST SELLERS!
Du Barry La Belle Plain Pattern
SPECIALS
"LIKLY" Genuine Cowhide Traveling Bag
$27.50 $18.50 $24.00 $14.75
f jluN '
Fine Large Assortment Manicure Sets OFF
All Ladies' Handbags and Purses OFF
Music Rolls - - - y4 OFF
Portfolios - - - - y4 OFF
Boston Bags - - - J3 OFF
Oriental Cream . 65c and $1.35
" All Separate Pieces, Any Pattern y3 OFF
DOWNSTAIRS
$12.50 Electric Pad $ S.G5
$ 7.50 Electric Iron $ 5.45
$ 9.00 Electric Toaster $ 7.35
$15.00 Electric Stove $10.G5
ALARM CLOCKS
Regular
$3.75
Special
$2.69
$ 4.50 Immersion Heater 3.35
$ 9.00 Boudoir Lamp. $ 5.39
THERMOS, UNIVERSAL HOT-A-KOLD,
ICY-HOT VACUUM BOTTLES AND
LUNCH KITS REDUCED
1-Pt. VACUUM FILLER 98
Wallace Lamp
Stands
Clamps
Hangs
Special $3.49
Doors Open for Business fc A. Af. Doors Close 6:30 P. M We Give S. & H. GREEN TRADING STAMPS
to the police yesterday. She said that
a man had attempted to break into
her cellar last Monday nisht, but had
been frierhtened away by her dog.
Friday night the same nocturnal visi
tor returned and had another en
counter with the dog. In the melee
the faithful animal was badly bruised.
Mrs. King- was alone with her baby
both times.
Logger Struck by Auto.
Philip Lerioy, 38 years of age, log
ger, received a leg iraciure lasi eve
ning when he was struck by an auto
driven by W. E. McLane, 312 Leavitt
street. LeRoy was sent to St. Vin
cent's hospital. Police did not hold
McLane, as he stopped within six
feet after striking his victim, and
there was other evidence of careful
driving.
Chamber to Help Jobless,
fn an effort to assist ex-service
men to find employment, the Portland
Chamber of Commerce will name a
large committee, consisting of one of
its members from every industry in
the city. This work will be under
taken under the supervision of the
chamber's regular committee, of
which J. C. English is chairman and
E. C Sammons, T. H. Edwards and J.
Watzek.
Man Returns, Home Destroyed.
BEND. Or.. Feb. 12. (Special.)
F B. Jackson of this city returned
to Bend this morning from a business
trip to Kedmond to find his home had
been- destroyed by fire. He had been
away 24 hours and the fire which
destroyed his house shortly after
midnight this morning is believed to
have been of Incendiary origin. The
loss, not covered by insurance, is set
at $600. .
Phone your want ads to the Ore
gonian. Main 7070, Automatic 660-95.
Dog Chases Off Prowler.
Mrs. M. E. King. 1407 East Lincoln
street, reported a persistent prowler!
TEST BARES PARENTAGE
tContlnned From Fir?t Page.)
the child's support as soon as the re
port of Ir. Abrams was brought be
fore him in open court. "I consider this
one of the biggest things established
by medical science in years," he said,
and added that the case constituted
an important legal precedent.
German is taught in the officers'
train4ng schools in France, where
army officers are urged to learn the
laneruage.
.TlaKltandiM TCS Plant Ui
DANCING
GUARANTEED
at De Honey's beautiful academy.
Twenty-third and Washington. To all
securing tickets this week 1 will sell
a full term of eight three-hour les
sons for, ladies, $3; gentlemen, $5,
and will positively guarantee to teach
you all popular dances and new
steps. There is no other school where
the lessons are three hour3 long and
the teachers are real professional
dancers and where they guarantee to
make a dancer of you. This guaran
tee term is worth $15. Be sure to
secure tickets this week. Beginners'
class starts Monday and Thu-sday
evenings. Advanced class Tuesday
evening. Intermediate class Friday
evening. 8 to 11:30. Plenty of desir
able partners no embarrassment.
You can never learn dancing in pri
vate lessons from inferior teac'.ters
you must have practice. LEARN IN
A REAL SCHOOL. Classes are large
and selejct the social feature alone
Is worth double the price the onlv
teacher In Portland capable of ap
pearing before the public in stage and
exhibition dancing. We teach more
people to dance than all other schools
combined-. One lesson from us is
worth six In the average school.
Phone Mala T8Cf. Private Lraaona All
Honra. i
I rrm V r t r'
T? ii rro o va nn-f f V a lace
IVUgO Cbl Is tllV
charming because they are lower in price.
Any merchant' without our buying facilities
and low overhead couldn't meet expenses at these,'
prices. We sell artistic rugs not as works of art
but as practical merchandise.
Our regular prices are
as low as sales and auc- ' '
tion prices of others.
See for yourself. "
Make Size ' Price
ANTIQUE KHIVA 1 q 0 x 7 10 fn
BOKHARA JSoO
CHINESE. J. 1.9 x 9.0 $325 f
Lffi,ue ---l2.0 x9.0 ' S375 I
ARAK. 11.7 x 8.9 $360 f
ARAK .....13.10x10.6 $550 1
ROYAL KERMANSHAH. 13.0 x 9.0 $500 I
OPEN EVENINGS '
Bros;1?
' esTA Busmen 9o
The Last Week!
On Saturday Night
Rosenthal's Closes Its Doors
IN order to give our, lady customers one more
opportunity to choose footwear at a bargain
price, we shall offer,
Beginning Tomorrow, A 11
Women's High Shoes
and Smart Pumps
Regularly Priced $14 and Upwards
111 Perfect Vision Is Essential
ill I' 4 liW'-V:' .Ojjl
K. . ... . I 'J I 1 1 I I I
1
IlilUI
M '1.
Only
the Pair
The high shoes are in narrow widths, in sizes
5 to 8. All are of high quality and in good style.
SPECIAL Women's High Shoes in small
sizes, 22,to 5; your choice, jJ2 C)Gy
The following store fixtures are offered for im
mediate sale : All our oak and mahogany settees, -upholstered
in genuine leather; all our beveled
French plate mirrors; all our window display fix
tures; all our shelving.- All are in first-class con
dition. Inspection by dealers invited.
129 Tenth Street, Between Washington and Alder
J You want perfect eyeglass service and the
one way you can always be sure of getting
it is to entrust your eyes to a firm whose
goods and 'methods have been proven per
fect by a long and reliable record. .
Perfection in designing and grinding Kryp
tok glasses, the invisible bifocals, -has been
attained by us as the result of just such a
record.
tj Every pair of Kryptok glasses worn by one
of our customers, fitted as we fit them, is
certain to give unqualified satisfaction.
CJ We design and grind these glasses on the
premises to meet your individual require
ments for near and far vision.
3 Everything optically your needs and your
desires in the eyeglass line are properly
served here.
SAVE YOUR EYES
Thompson Optical Institute
Chas. A. Rusco. President and General M onager 1
Eyesight Specialists
Portland's Largest, Most Modern, Best Equipped,
Exclusive Optical Establishment
209-10-11 Corbett BIdg., Fifth and Morrison
1908
II Ml
- 1908
We Are Now Showing at Our Store an
Important Display of
Upholstered Davenports
completely fashioned in our own shops. The coverings are
of Colony cloth in tans and grays. Your inspection is invited.
Prices are very moderate.
J. G. MACK & CO.
150 Park Street, Between Alder and Morrison