Til 12 SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAJVD, JANUARY 16, 1921
SPIRIT OF BROTHERLY LOVE NOW RULES THE WORLD, SAYS PASTOR
Dr. E. II. Pence Points Out That These Are Times When Men Feel Their Brotherhood and Seek Their Happiness Within.
BY DR. B. H. rtT.VCE.
Pastor Westminster Presbyterian Church.
"But by an equality, that now at thia
time your abundance may be a auppiy for
their want, that their abundance may be
a eupply for your want: that thermay be
equality." II Corinthian viit-.M.
THK spirit of altruism Is in the
air. It appeases the conscience,
liberates chilled energies ana
leaves both doer and beneficiary at
closer neighborhood.
It is good to live in times when
men feel their brotherhood and in
that feeling seek their happiness no
lonzer within, but without.
It is good to live In times when
mercy and service have) found an ad
vocate in a civic and social con
science. Men are moved to Rreat
sacrificial service, not primarily be
cause of a high and fine motive, but
under the goadings of conscience.
They feel their debt. An obligation
compels. They remain unhappy so
Ion s they may not express that
social conscience in service either by
person, directly, or through money,
indirectly.
Payrholnfiical Wave ern.
I say that "men" feel this; not all
men. but the psychological wave
which sweeps through the race con
sciousness betimes seems now to be
moving like a ground-swell. The
man who does not feci it, or, feeling
It. resists it or delays to give it ex
pression, lives unhappily and dies un
happily and both deservedly. Quar
ters are growing- closer and closer
and the air grows bad for breathing
to the man who lives supremely for
himself. He has an affliction, an af
fliction which finds symptoms In his
uneasy self-consciousness in the
midst of a crowd of other men who
have big objects outside themselves
which claim their enthusiasm.
All of which is a kind of discovery
to manv men and carries the joy of
discovery. I have had men pour (Lord's teaching- in this regard with
their story of new-found altruisms J more comprehension than the great
into my ears a if desiring to dis-lman wlio wrote these words to the
cover to me a secret which they had ' Corinthians: "But by an equality,
themselves found-the joy of being I that now at this time your abundance
honestly unselfish. 1 shall never for-I may be a supply for their want; that
get the thrill I had when I received j there may be equality."
a letter from a man over whom I had As if to say, that from one we
done no little praying. He eagerly I serve we have a return to ourselves
told me that he had made a discovery
that the explanation of Jesus was
tluit he had himself found that there
ta more pleasure In being unselfish
than in being selfish. He avidly in
quired if I had ever thought of that
about the Saviour. Bless his eoul
but I had: of course I had. My friend
had himself found that out by experi
ence, and experience shoves things
into one's vlion from the Inside out
while all other teachers try to Intrude
things from the outside in.
Highest Joy In Service.
In a day when there were more
v'rtual slaves in the world than any-
other kind of human beings, when
every Ideal and practice falling to the
possession of wealth, power or knowl
edge made men yearn for more of
these in order to compel others to
serve them in such a day Jesus pro
pounded the astounding fact concern
ing the human being, that his highest
reach of Joy or destiny is to be found
alone in the service he does to others:
aye. that the farther off the man
reached with service the finer the
service and the greater the requital.
"But Jesus called them unto him and
said. "Ye know that the princes of the
Gentiles exercise dominion over them,
and they that are great exercise au
thority upon them. But it shall not
be so among you, but whosoever will
be great among you, let him be your
minister, and whosoever will be chief
among you, let him be your servant." "
It reads commonplacely, but to men
of his generation, amongst whom
altruism was a strange and scouted
doctrine, it came like flashing light
ning. In all that age no man caught his
better
give.
far than anything we can
1'nseINahness l,lf Man.
With this as an increasingly ac
cepted premise for the logic of hu
man experience and destiny, lot us
reason a way to some of the con
clusions of him who gave us the
premise In all its simplicity. Also,
may we inquire just here why it has
been that o obvious a truth about
our essential human nature and its
capacity for happiness should have
been so long delayed in arriving at
the convictions of the race. The an
swer is simple and plain: It belongs
to that class of truths which appear
truths only when taking the form of
conviction and which are wrought
from mere opinion into conviction
only through experience. In fine,
unselfishness is that thing in the
moral realm which parallels perpet
ual motion in the material. If only
the inventor can make his machine
make one revolution of its wheel of
its own initiative. It will go on indef
initely. So for unselfishness; it is
the first full revolution, which ac
complished, brings the soul opposite
Itself and the process starts. But
that is the difficult thing.
There are three classes of people in
the world to whom we stand related
through our social conscience. We
shall reach that "equality" which
Paul mentions in the text and be pay
ing our way as far as It can be done
by confronting each of these classes
and discharging our debt to each as
fully as each can be reached so to do.
1. There are the people to whom
we are wholly debtors and of whose
service and sacrifice we are wholly
the beneficiaries. Kvery man who
contributed to erect the civilization
in the midst of which we enjoy life
is a creditor of ours; those who
struggled, suffered, died to bestow
the blessings of government to the
degree to which It has evolved; the
contributors of the culture which we
enjoy in others or within our own
experience; the makers of literature,
those through whom religion has be
come the blessing of all time all
these are our creditors and we owe
them incalculable debt.
Heroic Souls Suffer.
Most of those who contributed ma
terlally toward these things made
their gifts at frightful cost of pain
and sacrifice, and made their gifts
gladly. The madhouse and the poor-
house sheltered an amazing number
of those who toiled upon the inven
tions which have materially enhanced
the life we live. Not until Samuel
Johnson's heroic declaration of inde
pendence did makers of literature
cease to be virtual parasites of some
monoyed patron. The rich man who
boasts his independence and says he
pays as he goes is in most regards
the greatesf parasite upon the bene
factions of the past, for he invokes
more laws, more customs, to safe
guard his equities than does he who
lives nearer to nature. And when he
sends his son to college and endows
the young freshman with an allow
ance greater than the salary of his
professors who teach him, the boast
that he pays his son's way through
college is given the lie by silent lips
lying six feet beneath the ground In
a hundred graveyards lips of men
and women who bestowed their pen
nies or their millions to found the
college to which that son goes .No
man gets more for what he bestows
than does he who, holding the most
for society to maintain laws and po
lice to protect, appeals to, the most
to safeguard him and his.
Confronting that army of sheeted
dead, with hands extended from
myriad graveyards to bestow, we find
out creditors passed beyond the pale
of our obligatory abilities. More
over, in those hands we find the
promissory notes which we owe, but
indorsed by those hands to others,
and if we live a solvent life we just
decipher the names of those to whom
the debt is transferred.
All Heavily Indebted.
2. Again, there are those, our con
temporaries, those with whom we
live, in circumstance or time, from
whom we are contemporaneously re
ceiving the innumerable contributions
for which we pay no price and make
no sort of adequate recompense.
There exists, as it were, a kind of
parasitism from which no man can
escape. Every human owes an enor
mous board bill, amusement bill, edu
cation bill. If they could be articu
lated and good bookkeeping could
mail an actual, full and competent
statement of the things each of us
owes because we havehad them be
stowed without adequate return from
anyone, the mails would be flooded.
In all conscience, any honest hu
man must admit that, whatever the
ills he may have received from things
as they are, to check off against the
favors bestowed; and whatever small
services he may do to pay for what
he haa received, the debt against him
remains appallingly heavy upon a
decent, sane and healthy conscience
No, we shall never meet the obliga
tions by less than superhuman in
genuity and industry.
3. The discharge can come and our
moral solvency be saved only after
making a decent return to these two
classes by living the fullest life of
substantial appreciation; we shall
then pour out our fullest self upon
the third-class people to whom we
stand related as social beings. I
mean the folks who can make no re
I turn to us for the service we do them;
that is, no return in kind. Let us
keep it accurately in mind that we
never bestow a genuine service or ef
fort to serve, that there does not
come a return to us from that serv
ice, which, though it may differ far
in kind from the thing we served, is
of value far greater and more endur
ing. Up to .this point our services
may savor largely of just sheer
commercialism, the effort to pay back
in kind for benefits received. Now
we look out upon those, though we
may come as nearly to the discharge
of full obligations as it is possible
for a human to do. Those dead hands
reach out of those myriad graveyards
and bestow their rich largesses upon
us; but their owners rise to heroic
greatness because we know that they
bestowed never expecting, never de
siring more than our gratitude, or,
denied even gratitude, never expect
ing or desiring more than that we
make scrupulously faithful use of
what their dead hands bestowed. If
we would share their greatness, and
fare with them in their high destiny,
we must seek out those to bless who
shall find neither opportunity nor,
perhaps, the sufficient knowledge of
their obligation to us, to repay us.
There are those who dream of a day
when poverty shall some day be ush
ered out to the realms where science
has sent the bubonic plague and
others of its kind. That they fail to
take counsel with the subnormalcy
which may always characterize so
many in their incompetence to meet
life's inevitable competitions does not
alter the beauty of the dream. But
the awakening to the reality, the
transfiguration of the dreRm to the
open-eyed fact lies far off into the
misty future. Upon those who suf
fer from Incompetence of vision or
volit'on to meet the current demands
of flesh and soul there lies a vast
unfulfilled duty and unopened oppor
tunity of mercy and debt yet to be
paid.
When one sits down to draft off
one's programme for the fullest life
possible one may find that life's little
scope of energy and opportunity re
stricts the choice to few things and
little which may be done; but we
must remember the great Master's
law of "first things" and of sym
metry of service in those so often
forgotten words of his, "These ought
ye to have done, and not to leave the
other undone."
The very climax of all his great
behests left to lie upon the ever more
sensitive conscience of those who ac
knowledge his authority was reached
almost before his own generation
from which he was so early ushered
had reached Its full. Out of Palestine
went the most unique thing of its
age a vast impulse to bestow what
had been defined to those early fol
lowers of Jesus as the one supreme
blessing, without which nothing else
of life had any value. They fared
forth, and in the van was this great
Jew, Saul of Tarsus.
He was time's greatest explorer;
he shamed the boast of a modern
globe-trotter, but it was in realms of
the soul that he laid bare his greatest
discoveries. He left in Europe a
somewhat which was to revolutionize
all existing things and alter the
facade of all institutions. We call it
foreign missions; we call it so today.
At any rate, it was the something
which found our savage forefathers,
whose blood flows in every one of
our veins, and transformed the lndo
(iermanlc race and its genius into the
dominant thing of all time. What the
movement called foreign missions did
to transform our forebears into the
hereditary bestowers of all the best
we are and have. Is now at work in
a thousand mission fields across -the
sea. lcor must we fail to note it, that
those Palestinian Christians had so
learned from their Master that set
ting to work to establish their faith
and practice intensively within their
own little land as far as hostilities
would permit, with an equal zeal
they refused to leave undone the yet
fully thing, namely, an extensive
spread of that faith to all the reach
able world.
And what has been true of that
body of people who have claimed to
represent Christ's great propaganda
on earth is true of the Individual
debtor to those whom he owed, name
ly, that to the extent ho has kept
the sense of debt to those lying far
thest off an acute and scrupulous
conviction, to that same extent has
he been best aware of obligations
closer at hand.
But wo have failed wholly in this
searching if we neglect to note that
Paul says "that their abundance also
may supply your want; that there
may be equality." As If to say that
the more debt one tries to pay, the
deeper one gets in. There Is always
returning a better and a larger thinkt
than the best we can bestow. And be
cause it is different, more enduring
and inalienable, it is therefore of til
greater prcclousness.
Along with the easier facility to In
voke and pay obligations to the verj
extremities of the world cpnies great
er competence to assume and meet
obligations to humans far beyond the
distant horizon. Best of all Is tin
complexities through which the great
God governs and stabilizes the affair?
of his universe, the real return, in
substance and soul, for all the serv
ices, near and remote in object which
we strive to do the real return shai:
come to those whom wo love bettet
than we love ourselves our children
and theirs after them to a thousand
generations.
Organized altruism now can antici
pate by centuries the coining golden
age. Upon America and the Ameri
cans rest time's greatest, time's stag
gering debt. Opportunity in thesi .
days is the open door to the greal
clearing-house, wherein we mn
square the inequalities and strike tlu
balance, the balance which, left too
heavily against us, leaves us but tf
die as moral Insolvents.
uw. I
lluncer. by Knutt Hamsun. Alfred A
Knapp, New York city.
Since it has been announced that
Knut Hamsun, hailed by experts as
the greatest living writer of fiction
in Scandanavia, had won the Nobel
literature prize for 1920 a coveted
literary distinction sudden interest
has awakened in this country to read
Hamsun's novels; also his poetry.
Even blase readers are on the outlook
for a new novelist and his products.
Hamsun, it is stated, came to Amer
ica in the early 80s, and after being a
plow boy on North Dakota prairies.
- he got a job as conductor on the old
Halsted street-car line, Chicago,
where horses supplied locomotion.
But he was an out-at-elbows lad, car
ried book9 in his pockets Euripedes,
Aristotle, Thackeray, etc. and be
came known as "the dreamer." He
made an indifferent street-car con
ductor, forgot to stop the car when
asked to do so. and ultimately lost his
position. Later after trying New
York and life on a Newfoundland
fishing smack, he became a deep-sea
seaman and returned to his native
Norway.
At present Hamsun is 60 years old.
In England his novels lately have
stirred people who have been cold
towards writers of dark realism since
Thomas' Hardy published "Tess."
Among English-speaking readers
Hamsun, the realist, is known through
three of his many stories: "Hunger,"
"Victoria" and "Shallow Soil." An
observing and conservative English
newspaper, the-Liverpool Courier, has
aid, in speaking of Hamsun: "A new
master. Not since Ibsen has a Scan
danavian writer stirred us so."
The hectic novel now under review,
Hunger," was first partly published
as a sketch in 1888 and appeared in
a Danish literary periodical, "New
Earth." It appeared as a completed
novel in 1890. The present edition is
translated from the Norwegian of
Hamsun by George Egorton and has
an introduction by Edwin Bjorman
in which Hamsun's I'fe, achieve
ments and character Are appreciative
ly reviewed.
In "Hunger Hamsun present a
tory of sordid poverty-stricken Nor
wegian life, in which the hero, liv
ing in Christiania, is portrayed as
passing a miserably unhappy exist
ence and defiant of ordinary conven
tionalities. The name of the hero ii
possibly hidden somewhere in these
66 pages, but it is like a Chinese
puzzle difficult to find. The hero
is a half-starved impecunious news
paper writer who has no relatives.
few friends and always lives In dread
of lack of employment and want of
food.
The date of the story is probably In
the '80s. On page 59 the hero, who
elves his name as "So-and-So. ap
piles to a grocer for a position and his
aervices are rejected because by mis
take he had dated his letter of appli
cation 1848. The terms "shillings"
and "half sovereigns" are mentioned
-when money is described apparently
for the comprehension of English
readers.
Throughout the novel the hero, who
probably is middle-aged, is described
as wearing spectacles, and his hair is
thin on top, falling over his shoul
ders. His starvation is an ever-present
topic, and ever he hunts for a
position, with work to do, but nearly
always is unsuccessful. Dark, grim
realism dogs his footsteps and the
language he uses Is in accordance
with that realism. He tries various
lodgings and as his rent generally is
unpaid, he' has to dodge meeting his
landlady. In this direction be shows
unexpected resources and cleverness.
When we are first introduced to
this hero his attic bedroom walls
were plastered with advertisements
clipped from newspapers, and one of
them reads: "Winding sheets to be
had of Miss Anderson's." His life Is
thus described on pages 5 and 6:
"All through the summer, up in the
church yards and parks, where I used
to sit and write my articles for the
newspapers, I had thought out column
after column on the most miscellane
ous subjects. Strange ideas, quaint
fancies, conceits of my restless brain;
in despair I had often chosen the most
remote themes that cost me long
hours of intense effort, and which
never were accepted. When one piece
was finished I set to work on another.
I was not often discouraged by the
editors' 'no.' I used to tell myself
constantly that some day I was bound
io succeed; and really occasionally
when 1 was in luck's way and made
a hit with something I could get S
shillings for an afternoon's work."
At the present rate of exchange an
English pound sterling, which is com
posed of 20 shillings. Is around $3.80
and constantly changes.
On page 14 the hero who has Just
pawned his vest for about 35 cents
meets two young women. He acci
dentally brushes against one of these
women and "she blushes and becomes
suddenly surprisingly lovely." He
follows the pair and makes a clumsy
attempt at conversation by remark
ing to her that she was losing her
book when she did not carry a book.
The other young woman says: "Don't
bother about him. He is drunk."
The hero makes the girl who
blushes his dream affinity and in
vents this name for her: "Tlajali."
She begins to stand in the early eve
nings in front of his miserable lodg
ings and then he speaks to her. They
walk off together.
It is not a pretty, pure love story
that follows. It is rather a picture
of salacious passion especially on
page 198. one which no reputable
American author surely would care
to see in print, and with his name
attached.
No, there are no murders in the
novel, and little crime. Only sordid,
unhappy episodes about a half-witted
hero who can't make good. Poor
wretch.
Hamsun undoubtedly has power and
a call to write strong fiction. What
a pity he does not do so, in such
novels as "Hunger" which occasion
ally is nauseating, so far as descrip
tions of food are concerned (page 182).
Maisie and boasted of the wicked life
she and Mark led.
Mark suddenly sees that he is a
fool as to Mrs. Fessenden and that
his hitherto good reputation is wan
ing. He leaves and quarrels with
Mrs. i'essenden and goes to Maisie
and proposes that he and Maisie live
together publicly as husband and
wife. Mark was then a sufferer in
a political scandal, but innocent. Mal-
sle's reply is: "Take Mrs. Fessen
den," Mark leaves her.
Now matters are as they were be
fore. Mark and his wife appear to
have seperated for good.
Which way should Mark Sturt turn?
Jenny Ksfienrien, by Anthony Pryde. Rob
ert M. McBride & Co., New York Cily.
In beginning to read this book we
should note Its significant sub-title:
"A romance of the other woman."
That is the gist of the story. The
pages are 308 yet Sirs. Fessenden,
widow, does not come in for mention
until p..ge 120. The story is bold and
fascinating, and belongs to the school
of English realism. Naturally, there
fore, it had better be read by mature
readers, and younthfuL ones are
warned away.
Two brothers, Mark and Lawrence
Sturt, English and unmarried, are the
two principal characters, and the time
is Just after the conclusion of the
recent war against Germany. Both
brothers had served with distinction
in the British army, operating in
France.
Mark is a member of the British
4 . I;;
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if ' X 7Vt
Kt ?
Copyright, Underwood, N. T.
Knut Hnrnnun, author of "Hun.
grr," a novel of Norwegian
life.
parliament and he had inherited
wealth from his father, as also had
Lawrence.
The plot begins to quicken when
rich, aristocratic and beautiful Miss
Maisie Archdale hears that Mark is
planning to go on a trip to Colorado.
She and Mark are supposed to be
good, but not intimate friends. She
suddenly proposes that Mark Bhould
marry her, for a private reason that
she will not then disclose. Mark is a
devoted Catholic, and she is not. Mark
is In a quandary what to do, but
suddenly agrees to make her his
wife. He makes his sudden an
nouncement to his old chum and
priest. Father de Trefford, pastor of
St. Casimir's Catholic church, near
Westminster, London. The priest is
disturbed by Mark's sudden desire to
get married.
The best and most romantic part of
the novel centers around a charming
description of St. Casimir's church and
the wedding scene. The marriage
takes place. Maisie afterward goes
alone to a desolate cottage she owns
in Dorsetshire and insists that the
marriage be kept secret for the pres
ent. Mark follows later and when
he rejoins his wife he lives at the
house, but not as her husband to
her astonishment and sorrow. Mark's
explanation Is that as the two do
not love each other, they had better
remain husband and wife in name
only. After the Dorsetshire holiday,
the queer!y assorted pair separate.
Mark goes to Normandy. France, on
vacation, and there he met Mrs. Jenny
Essenden, a gay widow with an evil
reputation. About Jenny, Mark had
no scruples, and he begins guilty re
lations with her.
Mrs. Fessenden thought that Mark
loved Maisie, and to crush Mark's
chancel in that direction fine visited
Yonr Bigffest Job; School or BusinefM?
by Henry Louis Smith, L.L. D. D. Apple'
ton & Co., New York city.
In most walks of life nowadays
even casual observers are familiar
with the desires of too many boys at
grammar and high schools wishing
to leave school with education not
completed so that they can enter
trade or business where wages are
paid. These boys are "tired of school
and their cry is that school life is
keeping them from being workers in
the great out-of-doors.
Such troubled, dissatisfied boys
will find the wise, conservative coun
eel they need in this helpful message
written by Dr. Smith, the president
of Washington and Lee university,
Lexington, Va., a venerated institu
tion of learning organized in 1783.
The sub-title of the book Is "Some
words of counsel for red-blooded
young Americans who are getting
tired of school."
Dr. Smith asks the boy: Are. you
willing in business life to take orders
as long as you work, or do you wish
to give orders "to the other fellow?"
If the latter. Dr. Smiths advice Is
short and decisive: Get all the edu
cation you can. That course best fits
you for life's battle. Boys are
warned that if they quit school pre
maturely and enter the fierce com
petitive struggle of business life, they
will find themselves unable "to make
a good living." They will, In after
life, be miserable and so will their
wives and children. They will be
drudges instead of highly skilled
workers.
Statistics quoted show that from
an investigation In, New York it. ap
pears .that boys leaving school at 14
years were at 25 years old earning
J661 per year, and that those leaving
school at 18 were, at 25, after seven
years In business, earning an average
of J1612 per year. In Brooklyn, N. Y.,
a survey revealed that 10,000 men in
jobs requiring only a common school
education averaged a yearly income
of 657, and that 1579 men holding
jobs in the service of city govern
ment, which required all applicants
to have a high school training, were
getting an average salary of J1597.
Here is another of Dr. Smith's
strong arguments in favor of secur
ing higher education: "A college edu
cation is today almost a necessity to
win leadership and conspicuous suc
cess." Remember also this: "Only 1
per cent of our male population Is
college trained, yet it furnishes al
most seven-eighths of our prominent
men'
Among 7979 men having all the ad
vantages of modern college training;
representing five institutions and 85
graduating classes, and while the
group was still below middle age and
79 of them too young to count. 131
had already won a place in the
"Who's Who" list of distinguished
men, which contains only one-fifty-fifth
of the total population. OmitL
ting the 79, one-half of the remain
der were already on the "Who's
Who" list in 1911.
Bnildinr the Kmerffency Heel, by W. C.
Ma l tux. Illustrated. The Penton Pub-
lishlng Co., Cleveland, Ohio.
Written in instructive style, and
attractively presented, this book of
279 pages, and written officially by
the former head of the publication
section of the emergency fleet cor
poration, ia an historical narrative of
the problems and achievements of the
United States shipping board of that
body.
The illustrations are many, the
paper used is thick white or superior
quality, and the story of Uncle Sam
as) shipbuilder in the recent war
time is told from start to finish.
The general 6tyle of the book is
a cordial appreciation of the work
and results of the emergency fleet
corporation. Several of the state
ments made will be received with
assent and the opposite as the ques
tion is a vexed one in dispute. This
quotation is taken from page 218:
"The plain truth is that the ships
built at Hog Island, Pa., during the
war are among the finest examples
of American vessels turned out. When
this is written (1920) nearly 80 Hog
Island ships are in operation, and
not a single one has been in trouble,
due to faulty construction.
In a preface written by Charles
M. Schwab, he says: "How Island, th
industrial marvel of the world, was
a successful wartime experiment-
worth every dollar that we spent for
it."
Great Britain and the T'nited Stated, by
J. Travis Mills. Oxford university Press,
New York City.
A kindly, hands - across-the-sea
book, but instructively and critically
written.
The author Is an Englishman and
staff lecturer in history to the uni
versity extension societies of Oxford
Cambridge, and London. The book is
made up of extracts from lectures
delivered to units of the American
army of occupation in Germany dur
Ing the months of May and June, 1919
lectures which had as their object
the formation of conciliation born of
mutual understanding.
Mr. Mills sensibly points out that
much of the anti-English trend of
school book lessons used in America,
prior to the war that was begun in
1914, can be traced to German prop
aganda. He sketches causes which
led to the 'loss of British colonies
in America; to anti-English friction
especially the Alabama incident in
the period of our civil war, the dis
pute about Venzuela. during Presi
dent Cleveland's second term of of
fice, and other matters. Misunder
standings and too hasty action are
pointed out with fairness and tact.
THE LITERARY PERISCOPE'
BY ETHEL R. SAWYER,
Director of Training Class Library- Asso
ciation of Portland.
xSYCHO-ANALYSIS, like other sci
" entifio information, is passing
out of the stage of "pure sci
ence" that is, collection of data and
investigation into the field of "ap
plied science" that is, application of
principles to the interpretation and
solution of definite problems.
The earlier writers, such as Freud,
Jung, Brill and others, have launched
some very disturbing theories upon
the world theories of the subcon
scious that make us feel as though
we were all living over private little
slumbering Aetnas; theories of re
pressed desires and their inversions
and snakey twists' and contortions
that terrify us.
Now comes the literature of ap
plication, such as Coriat's "Repressed
Emotions." whicn present a cele
brated Boston physician's conceptions
of the place these repressions have in
the development of human person
ality, literature, social problems and
education.
'The Ordeal of Mark Twain." by
Van Wyck Brooks, interprets the life
and works of this "typical American"
through his repressions, and there is
life of Margaret Fuller by K. S.
Anthony, I believe, which proceeds
on the basis of psycho-analysis. It
is a fascinating field for investigation
and gives one many unexpected, not
to say startling, vistas down the prac
tically uncharted ways of devious
personality.
An enthusiastio reader of Samuel
Scoville's "Everyday Adventures"
writes: "It is now on a shelf with
White's 'Selborn.' some Hudsons, some
Burroughs, Romilly Fedden s "Golden
Days.' Sandy's 'Upland Game Birds.'
the non-fiction of Stewart Edward
White and a few others, not all clas
sics by any means, but warranted to
help 'some when a fellow has the
grip or just the plain dumps on
-inter night and can't get outdoors
for a while." Pretty good company
air. bcovilla Is in, anyway.
Spanish America is claiming our
attention again. It lsn t another rev
olution this time, but a literary
event. Rufino Blanco-Fombona. one
of the outstanding figures of Spanish
America, is introduced to the English
reading public through the transla
tion of his novel, "El Hombre de
Oro," under the title "The Man of
Gold." Mr. Blanco-Fombona is 4 6
years of age and has had an eventful
life. He has been active in the po
litical struggles of his native Vene
zuela, has served prison sentences
and traveled widely. At present his
home is Madrid, where he is actively
engaged in historical and literary
propaganda in behalf of Spanish
America.
The reviewer says of Floyd Dell's
first novel, "Moon-Calf," that it is a
book about a day dreamer and the
development of his personality.
"Felix is the type which makes our
poets, artists, dementia praecox pa
tients, dramatists, actors, nervous in
valids, political theorists, martyrs.
drunkards and saints. The difference
among these is that some live wholly
in the dream life and fail to adapt
themselves to reality, while others
try to shape reality into the better
forms which their vivid imagination
reveals to them." There you have it.
The explanation of how we come to
be what we are lies not so much in
that fact of our dreaming all but the
repeaters' and the imitators' dream
but what we do with our dreams.
Psycho-analysis agajn!
we nave been requested to explain
in our column the correct form of the
name of Spain's best-known novelist.
It is Blasco Ibanez not Blasco and
not Ibanez. In Spain when a man
join names as well as the fortunes of
the participants in the ceremony.
Hence, when Senor Blasco and Seno
rita Ibanez marry the joint name be
comes Blasco Ibanez. To refer to the
novelist as Ibanez merely implies that
his mother and father were not mar
ried. Vance Thompson says In his "Live
and Be Young": "I do not mean that
I can waft you back to childhood or
adolescence. A child is a digestive
tube you wouldn't want to revert to
that; and an adolescent is a lung
you really would'nt care to howl and
gallop with adolescence; but the nor
mal woman can carry her youthful
ness with her; the normal woman and
the normal man."
The American dollar sets the finan
cial standard for the world. An
American dollar is worth $10 in
Czecho-Slovakia and from that all the
way up the line to those countries
which suffer least through rates of
international exchange. Now that
may be a fine thing commercially and
financially. (I am not sufficiently ex
pert in either of these two fields of
human activitiy to have achieved a
portentious bank account as yet.) But
I am convinced that it is a bad thing
intellectually. Whether you are a
free-trader or an infant industries
philanthropist, you must favor no in
tellectual tariff. Only on a basis of
free interchange of ideas can we ever
establish world harmony,- and how
ever we disagree on methods, we
are surely a unit on this idea. Now,
then, if it costs a Czecko-Slovakian
$10 for a $1 American book and $100
dollars for a $10 book and a week's
pay for a year's subscription to an
American magazine, question, "How
can a Czeko-Slovakian afford - to
know anything about America, her
ideas or deeds?" Question No. 2,
"How can America afford not to have
Czeko-Slovakia know about her ideas
PORTLAND MISSION WORKERS
DESCRIBE VOYAGE TO AFRICA
London Far Behind Times, While Sea Trip to Congo District Proves
Full of Interest to Mr, and Mrs. Byerlee.
M1
R. AND MRS. DAVID BYERLEE,
former students at the Eugene
(Or.) Bible university, who
sailed from New York City last fall
for the Belgian Congo, in a recent let
ter to Mr. Byerlee's mother, Mrs. R. B.
Byerlee of Portland, told of arriving
on the African shore.
Mr. Byerlee, who will spend the next
three years engaged in missionary
work in the interior African district,
spent his boyhod in Hood River. A
portion of his letter, relating interest
ing experiences of their voyage, fol
lows: "Aboard Anversville, October IS,
1920. There are so many things to
write about it is difficult to know
where to begin. England was a great
disappointment to us. It is so far be
hind the United States that there is no
comparison. If I had to live in Lon
don I would be tempted to take some
thing to end it all. Perhaps there Is
some reason for everyone drinking, as
they do there. Of course, I do not
mean that there are not 'ten righteous
people in England.'
majority Frequent ' Saloons.
"But the great majority frequent
the saloons or public houses, as they
call them. Men, women and children
as young as 7 or 8 years old can be
seen in these places at any time of
the day. And America smokes com
paratively little from the English
viewpoint. One cannot sit in a bus,
and deeds?" Especially as that young i tram or underground without inhalin
republic seems to be keenly inter
ested and will probably find out lies
if the truth is not accessible. There
is also France and Italy and Ger
many and Austria, Spain and even
Great Britain. Can we afford to be
known internationally almost etirely
by our literary output prior to 19J4?
"Yes," said old Dave Dulcet, as he
squinted affectionately along the
shelves at the public library, "all I
know I got from books. In fact, I am
a shelf-made man." New l'ork Eve
ning Post.
.
A Book Reviewer's Litany.
From biographies of biographers of
biographers of great men; from two
volume novels; from German explana
tions of why the war was lost; from
minor English poets exchaiming that
war was horrid; from memoirs of peo
pie who have only a new anecdote
about Swinburne to show for their
lives; from little Czecho-Slovakian
and little Ruthenian and little white
Russian masterpieces selected by
high-school teachers; from novelists
who harpoon the divorce laws and
the labor problem and race suicide
and the tenement laws as subjects;
from books written and to be written
by baseball champions, welterweight
champions, rowing champions and
chess champions; from first novels by
writers who have read nothing but
Conrad's from books of whimsical
essays; from all future Opal White-
leys and Daisy Ashfords; from all
big, gripping, virile, two-fisted stories
of the great north country; from all
the short and simple Pollyannes of
the poor; from all privately printed
verse; from clever writers who set
off O. Henry firecrackers; from all
the stories that come out right after
all; from English novels in which the
hero takes 250 pages to get through
the public schools; from psycho-analytic
explanations of why we take up
golf; from translations of Danish and
Spanish and Polish and Italian
nonentities; from one-act plays which
have not yet been produced; from
juvenilia dug up by literary scouts
when the authors had carefully buried
them; from all these, O Lord, deliver
us: Edwin H. Blanchard in "Literary
Review."
Irving Bacheller's "The Prodigal
Village" "goes for" what the author
considers as the sappers of American
morale the movies, jazz, dancing and
present styles in dressing. He uses
the old story of the prodigal son as
his story basis, making an entire
rural community parallel the son's
career and it may be inferred that the
sappers afore-mentioned might be
likened to the swine.
Bruce Bairnsfather has been
brought to trial in "The Bairnsfather
case. Prosecution conducted by
W. A.. Mutch, defense by B. Bairns
father, presiding judge Mr. Justice
Busby, perhaps more familiarly
known as "Old Bill." "The whole
orrid truth of the defendant's life is
bared and many of his drawings ap
pear as material evidence. The de
fendant Was sentenced to five years'
hard laughing at his own jokes."
second-hand smoke. If you go to
moving-picture show you are unable
to see the screen for the barrase of
smoke.
"The London department stores re
mind one of our second-hand stores
and pawnshops. Even Belgium has
her bested in this respect. Her
! stores and trade centers look to be
much more up to date. Her use of
liquor is even more pronounced than
that of the isles.
"On our way to Antwerp to take
passage for Congo, we crossed the';
channel from Dover to Ostend and
went from there to Brussels and then
to Antwerp. So we got to see a great
part of that country, as we went all
the way by day. However, we saw
more of the war devastation while in
London than we did going through
Belgium.
"We begin our day on board with
a salt .water bath at 5:45. However,
from now on it is to be from 6:43
to 7 in the morning. Breakfast is
served at 8, then we , study "lonkun
do," the native language, until 10. at
which time we have our lesson. This
lasts until 11, after which we usually
play shuttleboard (deck croquet)
until luncheon at 1 P. M. Then we
have a six-course lunch composed
mostly of fish and meat. It takes an
hour to go through it. Sometimes
you enjoy the meal, but more often
your stomach revolts at the stale fish,
rare meat and strong cheese.
Flying Fish Are Numerous.
"There are flying fish to watch and
at times we get into a school of large
fish that jump away up out of the
water. They sometimes swim right
alongside the boat for some distance.
Many of them are six feet- long and
will swim so near the surface they
can be plainly seen. One day we saw
a school of these fish that easily
covered a space as large as a ten-
acre field.
"At 7 P. M. we have dinner. We
must dress in our evening clothes for
this. The meal begins with three
kinds ht pickles 'and bread and but
ter, followed by soup. Then comes
fish, then roast beef and potatoes,
succeeded by tough old hen, called
pullet, served alone. Bread, butter
and celery follow with a plate of two
kinds of cold meat, a vegetable salad
coming after. Fruit, tea, coffee or
cocoa and little sweet cakes end the
agony. I forgot to mention that bot
tles of liquor appear at each plate,
except those of the missionaries. The
first thing before the meal begins and
as the last course is served the Bel
gians produce large cigars and cigar
ettes. Even women and priests smoke-
Farmer Is E?verbodya Friend.
'Aren't you afraid America will be
come isolated.'
"Not if us farmers keep raisin'
things the world needs," answered
Farmer Corntasel. "The feller that
rings the dinnerbell never runs much
and woman marry It la customary to risk, of bein' lonesome."
Mountain Is Sighted.
"We sighted land, the first time
after leaving the English, channel,
nine days after leaving port. At 5:30,
when we were just geting irp, a big
rugged mountain was seen through
the port hole just to our right. It was
a beautiful sight. It Is Impossible to
describe It as it really appeared. This
rugged mountain rose straight up
from the water a sea so blue you
would imagine it colored with dye.
On the mountain side and at the
water's edge nestled a good - sized
town with buildings of bright blue,
yellow and salmon colors, made of
brick and cement. Far from the
right was a regular castle, which
later turned out 'to be a big hotel. It
was surrounded by palm trees and
beautiful flowering vines, which cov
ered the walls and sides, as well as
big trees abloom with big red lilies.
This waa Teneriffe, one of tlia Canarjr
Islands, a Spanish possession.
"We went ashore in the gasoline
launch. The city which had appeared
so beautiful was now transformed
into a Jumble of dirty, unkept narrow
streets, swarming with beggars and
cripples, all sorts or sores and dis
eases. Along tho sides of the streets
are small shops where you can buy
what you want for what you wish
to pay. They always expect to come
down from a third to a half of their
prices. They have their first and last
price; then, if it doesn't catch you
they ask you to make an offer and
try to split the difference with you.
However, if you hold out, you will Bet
the article for just what you offered.
Horses Look Like Skeletons.
"The horses were so poor they
looked like a bunch of bones tied up
in some horse hide. We hired a
funny, battered open carriage, pulled
by a horse and a half, David says,
but really there were three animals
somewhat resembling the horse fam
ily. With this mode of travel we
took in the town. We drove up a hill
side, through winding streets to the
better part of the city. Here we saw
two-story, bright-colored houses witn
shutters at each window. Sometimes
these were thrown open and Spanish
belles with lovely veils over their'
heads peered out. Some of our Eng
lish fellow passengers hailed us to
take our picture in our queer buggy.
So many people surrounded us tlia
It took two policemen to clear the
square.
"The next land we saw was the
coast of Africa. It was much flatter
than the island the palm trees could
be seen a long way out. This was
Dakas, Colonie du Senegal, a French
colony. We got our first view of the
native African in his native dress and
native hut. They were much cleaner
than the Spaniards at Teneriffe and
practically free from disease. All the
time we were ashore we saw only
two beggars, one a white person. The
streets were wider and much cleaner
than at the islands. The parks were
larger and greener and beautiful, in
deed. Tin Cans l aed as Wall.
"In the native section we saw
thatched huts with queer bamboo
fences as high as the buildings, and
some fences built out of old tin cans
straightened out and nailed to sticks,
making a sort of wall around the huts.
The streets are of desert sand and in
the shade along the streets boys and
men were sleeping, while naked chil
dren played nearby. We tried to get
a picture of some of tho children
without their knowing it, but one of
them saw us and the whole bunch
scrambled over each other to get In
the first line. Three women came
along and .seized Mrs. Byerlee and
clamored for me to take madame s
picture with them. I had a siege of
rubbing my arm afterward, for I felt
like it was crumbling all the rest of
the day.
"The women of this village dressed
very decently but very quaintly. Their
hair was done elaborately, with little
curls all around their heads. Their
ears were studded from top to bottom
on the outer edges with gold or brass
rings. .They wore gay-colored beads
around their necks and bright cloths
bound around their heads. Their dress
was a long flowing garment, close
fitting and with only two seams. The
women were real pretty, as a rule, and
all looked so happy as they walked
with a slow, graceful gait. We saw
women with naked names tiea 10
their backs, men with flowing gar
ments and the red Mohammedans
caps. This country has been swept
by the Mohammedans.
Boys Feel Dressed I'p.
"Little boys wore a piece of cloth
with a hole cut In the center for their
heads to go through and nothing to
keep the cloth together at the sides.
But they felt all dressed up, Judg
ing by their proud bearing. Other
boys had for their entire habit a
piece of cord, twice the size of nr
ordinary knittinsr yarn, and this is m
yarn, either. This was tied arounr
the body just below the arms ami
just at the hips.
"We did not see land again unti
today, just a week later. Then al
we taw was a little Island with
small mountain. This belongs to Spain
and Is used for a prison.
"Our boat participated In the) usua'
celebration when we crossed tin
equator. This celebration lasted twr
days, with feasting, dancing pro
grammes and stunts. Our Journey oi
this boat is nearly finished. Thei
we have two or three days In Matadi
two days and nights on the railroad
anil eight days on a river steamer.
"I have not told you about bein
seasick. Wo escaped this until tin
third day out from Antwerp. Sunda
night at dinner I felt a real cenerou
feellng coming over me and tried t"
make it for the rail, so that the fisl
might know the person who was feed
ing them. The dining room waa to
long for we, and Just as I reach
the door the orchestra started Tin
Long, Long Trail.' And the negn
boys coming after me followed fron
the door up three flights of stairs an
out to the side of the boat. I bellevi
that was the longest trail they evei
followed, and I am sure I covered It ii
less time than I ever made the ln0
yard dash. We met the waters of tin
Congo rfver this morning, about DO'
miles from Its mouth. The water ha
been deep blue until we struck thi
of the Congo, and now it Is browi
snl yellow."
How to Moke Pine
, Cough Syrup at Home
llaa no equal for prompt reanltg.
Take bat mownt to prepare,
and Min on about 12.
Tine is used in nearly all prescrip
tions and remedies for coughs. The
reason is that pine contains several
elements that have a remarkable
effect in soothing and healing the
membranes of the throat and chest.
Pine cough syrups are combinations
of pine and eyrup. The "syrup" part
is usually plain sugar syrup.
To make the best pine cough remedy
that money can buy, put ounces
of 1'inex in a pint bottle, and fill up
with home-made sugar syrup. Or
you can use clarified molasses, honey,
or corn syrup, instead of sugar syrup.
Either way, you make a full pint
more than you can buy ready-made
for three tiine9 the money. It i9
pure, good and tastes very pleasant.
You can feel this take hold of a
cough or cold in a wvy that mean
business. The cough may be dry,
hoarse and tight, or may be persist
ently loose from the formation of
phlegm. The cause ia the same in
flamed membranes and this Pinex
and Syruj combination will stop it
usually in 24 hours or less. Splen
did, too, for bronchial asthma, hoarse
ness, or any ordinary throat ailment.
Pinex is a highly concentrated com-
round of genuine Norway pine ex
ract, and is famous the world over
for its prompt effect upon coughs.
Beware of substitutes. Ask your
druggist for "2'i ounces of Pinex"
with directions, and don't accept any
thing else. Guaranteed to give abso
lute satisfaction or money refunded.
The Pinex Co., Tt. Wayne, Ind.
FIERY, ITCHING SI
m ni iinii w nnn
15 UU
I
rich in vifamins. 8
are more useful
than others.
Scott's Emulsion
is replete with those
elements that determine
(growth and strength.
Scott Bowae. Bloomfield, N. X
MAKERS OF-
Br
Tl
IUU.T oUUII
USING SULPHUR
Mentho-Sulpltur, a pleasant cream
will soothe and heal skin that is Ir
ritated or broken out with eczema
that Is covered with ugly rash 01
pimples, or is rough or dry. Noth
ing subdues fiery skin eruptions si
quickly, says a noted skin specialist
The moment this sulphur prepara
tion is applied the itching stops, and
after two or three applications th
eczema Is gone and the skin is de
lightfully clear and smooth. Sulphui
is so precious as a skin remedy be
cause it destroys the parasites that
cause the burning, itching or disfig
urement. Mentho-Sulphur always heals
eczema right up.
A small Jar of Mentho-Sulphur may
be had at any good drug store. Adv.
lihi-mi
(Tablets or Granules)
iNniftrcTinu
' mm a aaw a w l M
i
I
FOR
Grip, Influenza, Sore Throat
Humphrey' Homeo. Medicine Co.. 1M
William St, New Hotk. and at all Drug aj, '
CeMauy. Sloraa ,