THE SUNDAY OEEGONIAK, PORTLAND, DECEMBER 19, 1920
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HERE'S TWO NEW CARS THAT PORTLAND MOTORISTS HAVE BEEN EAGER TO GIVE THE ONCE
WILD RICE FOR GASOLINE
OVER.
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TREMENDOUS ASSET
Economic Value Is Shown to
Be Countrywide.
armies of Workers busy
Automobile Not Only Helps Busl
notnr In Cities, but It Stimulates
Agricultural Progress.
America's commercial and Indus
trial supremacy has resulted from
one American attribute capability to
accomplish a given task in the
shortest space of time, says a writer
in Automobile Topics. With the
American manufacturer time is the
most valued element. Any factor
which saves time is his benefactor.
Consider the contribution to time-
saving In Industry made by the auto
mobile! It ranks with automatic
machinery. It assures the early de
livery of material. It assures the
early clearance of the finished
product.
All industry has learned an In
valuable lesson from the manufacture
of automobiles. It has learned the
lesson of "quantity production." Prior
to the establishment of the automo
bile Industry our manufacturing busi
ness, was conducted under methods
which fell far short of efficiency.
The automobile was of revolutionary
character. It was new. It atracted
young men. They established new
systems new methods. They set the
pace for other endeavor. They still
maintain It.
Growth of Industry Steady.
z The growth of American Industry
since 1900 Is an accompaniment un
paralleled. The automobile is con
ceded to have been a big factor in
the stimulation of this progress. It
has opened new markets. It has
given added buying power to the
thousands employed in its manufac
ture. It has created new industries
and revived old ones.. It has in
creased, by its recreative powers, the
efficiency of industrial workers.
Statisticians Justify by figures the
statement that human efficiency has
been Increased 66.7 per cent by the
automobile. This increase is equiva
lent to adding 4,000,000 men to the
man power of America. Consider
. what this) increased man power means
to industry.
As an Industry the automobile leads
the field of manufactured products.
In 1919 the gross sales of automo
biles, tires and accessories totaled
3. 166. 834. 694. In the same year
1.971,016 vehicles were produced. At
the close of 1919, 7.658.848 automo
biles were registered for licensed
operation In the United States, or one
automobile to every 14 persons.
Armies of Workers Employed.
More than 300,000 people, equivalen
I to ten army divisions, are directly
' engaged in the manufacturing of mo
: tor vehicles. This does not Include
' the thousands employed in the rub
ber business, the gasoline industry
the innumerable other activities
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Above The new Packard atngle six, Testpocket edlrJom of the big Packard twin six. Below Tke sew BTaah
four, similar to the Nash six but On smaller lines. Both the above new models arrived In Portland a week ago
ad have been on display throagh out the week at the Portland Motor Car company quarters. Tenth and Burn
side streets. . ' . I .
GERMANS BUILD TRACK
REFC'SAI OF EXTKY CAUSES
SPEEDWAY ERECTION.
Five-Mile Steel Surfaced Motor
Course Near Hanover, Is
Teuton Plan.
or
dependent upon the automobile.
r - The automobile industry pays its
employes well. In fact It has estab
lished a high standard of wage. It
has gone far to cement the relation
ship of capital and labor. The annual
payroll of the industry Is conserva
tively estimated at $375,000,000. More
than one billion dollars (J 1,015,443,-
38) is represented by the tangible
assets of the manufacturers in pro
auction during in in. This sum ex
ceeds four times the capital of all
New York city banks and is more
than double the war loans made by
us to Belgium. Think of the millions
of dollars invested in dealers' sales
rooms, garages, repair shops, the bat
tery industry, the tire factories! Total
it to the investment of the auto
mobile manufacturer, and you will
perceive tile importance of the auto
mobile' to national wealth.
Agriculture Reaps Benefits.
The growth of the industry, the tre
mendous increase in capital invest
ment, the growing army of employes.
all have resulted from the American
peoples recognition of the automo
bile as an economic necessity.
America is an agricultural nation.
wttnout agriculture we could not
exist. Forty-five per cent of our
total area is devoted to it. One-tenth
of our people obtain their livelihood
from it. In 1918, our agriculture
created wealth approximating t22,
000,000,000. And the automobile has
made it possible.
No single class of people no line
of endeavor has received greater
Denent from the automobile than
have the farmer and agriculture. Talk
with the farmer. He will tell you that
his automobile is indispensable. That
since the Introduction of the auto
mobile farm population has increased
one-third; that farm values have in
creased over 100 per cent.
Vast Areas Are Liberated.
He will tell you that every horse
rvpiacea by the automobile and the
ratio Is 3 to 1 liberates five acres
of land for the production of human
food. He will tell you that the auto
mobile has been the chief factor In
the solution of his labor problem
that it has kept the boys on the farm;
that it has materially reduced the
number of hands necessary to suc
cessful operation.
The farmer will Inform you that
the automobile has made farm life
livable. It has been his social salva
tion. It has given him a new outlook
on life. It has removed the great
hazard of country life lack of close
contact with the medical profession.
It has promoted rural health. It has
saved the farmer's babies. ' It has
permitted him to send his children to
school. It has been a great moral,
social and economic factor.
All farmers value the automobile
2.366.475 owned them in 1919, and
3.000.000 will own them before 1921.
In fact, one third of the automobiles
of the country are owned by the
farmer.
The farmer knows that the auto
mobile Is as essential to him' as the
plow. If the automobile is essential
to the farmer, consider how essential
It is to man in general. '
Swede to Captain Tiger Runners.
Alan Swede of Norristown, Pa., has
been elected to the captaincy of
Princeton's 1911 cross-country team.
Swede prepared at Mercersburg acad
emy, where he established a new
world's interscholastic record for two
miles. He holds Princeton's best
mark of :S0 l-S for the same dis
tance and established a record for the
Princeton cross-country course In
. winning the annual dual meet with
Tale. Swado is the only member of
the present varsity, which finished
second In the intercollegiate cham
pionship, who will return to college
next year.
INDIANAPOLIS, Dec. 18. Because
the management of the Indianapolis
motor speedway company would not
p'ermlt German cars to be entered in
the last race and at the time Intimated
that they would not be received until
they are accepted in other lines of
sport, seems to have spurred the Teu
ton's to build their own race course
and play by themselves In their own
backyard.
Whether German motorcar builders
will attempt to enter cars in the
coming 500-mile International sweep
stakes race for a purse of $50,000
cash, May 30, over the bricks of the
Indianapolis motor speedway Is not
known. Entry blanks have not yet
been sent out and it will be some
time before the former foe of the al
lies will have an opportunity to even
attempt to enter the competition.
The Germans are contemplating a
five-mile steel surfaced course near
Hanover. This will be an innovation
in speedway if the plan is carried out
for there never has been a track sur
faced with steel. Most specially con
structed speedways are wood, the
Indianapolis course being unique in
that it is built of brick and concrete.
Heretofore most of Germany's rac
lng prowess has been gained in the
other fellow s bailiwick. It Is sam
the German speedway will be made of
steel plates over a foundation of
trussed concrete. Its circumference
will be five 'miles and it will be 140
feet wide within the diameter of the
track it Is proposed to erect a
gigantic building containing private
assembling plants and testing lab
oratories; by this means it will be
possible for the various designers to
co-operate in securing the best re
sults with new models.
WEEKLY"
ATJTO
mi mm in tires
KECEXT REDUCTION BY RUB
BER COMPANIES PICTURED.
Sum
Saved In One Year Would
Build Hard-Surfaced Highway
From New York to Pacific.
A transcontinental hard-surfaced
highway stretching from New Tork
to the Pacific could be built with the
money which American motorists will
save next year as the result of the re
cent reductions in the price of auto
mobile tires and tubes. What s more.
enough money could be left ever to
build a first-class battleship for Uncle
Sam.
The r"ecent reduction In the prices
of tires and inner tubes will mean
saving to the 8,000,000 American mo
torists, says the B. F. Goodrich Rup-
ber company, of approximately 3150
000,000. In other words, the country's
annual tire bill of about 31.000,000,000
will be chopped down to $850,000,000.
Anyone who has trouble in juggling
such big figures can get an idea of
what this saving will amount to by
remembering that a mile of good
hara-sunaced, durable highway can
be bunt for about $35,ouo. and that
cross-country road could therefore
be built with the amount saved with
quite a few millions left over.
The average motorist's tire bill for
year amounts to about $125. Next
year, because of the reduced prices,
$18.76 will be lopped off of this
amount. This individual saving does
not appear large, but when it Is
considered that 8,000,000 motorists
will save the same amount, the total
limbs to a dizzy height.
Tha reduction in tira nrlrp 1 j-r
pected by the Goodrich company to
stimulate the increased us of mo
tor cars, because a decrease In the
cost of motoring tends to influence
many prospective owners into , the
buying mood. ,
Reds Beaten With Aid of Track.
Daring the recent drive of the bol
shsvist' forces against . Warsaw the
motor truck saved the day for the
Poles. Motor trucks and busses were
pressed into service at the height of
the city's peril and soldiers were car
ried to the front A3 a result. Warsaw
was saved from the soviet menace.
TO give . information relative to
those little problems which fre
quently confront and baffle the
amateur motorist is the purpose of
this department. Questions prepared
by experts are asked in one issue and
answered the following week in Sim
pie and concise language.
Answer to last week's questions
Starting In Cold Weather.
I. An extreme method in starting
an enlne in cold weather, after
priming and choking have been em
ployed without success is to apply
heat to the carburetor and inlet pipe.
Use boiling water or h'ot sandbags by
applying directly to carburetor and
inlet, then crank the engine to start.
Heat more efficiently, vaporizes the
gasoline and makes it readily combus
tible. The spark plugs may also be
heated and replaced in the cylinders.
Emergency Ignition.
2. Six dry cells are usually suffi
cienit for emergency ignition purposes,
when no other source of current pro
duction Is used. If dry cells are con
nected in place of a dead storage bat
tery, do not allow the current from i
generator- to pase through them, as
they are not made for recharging.
Adjusting Carburetor.
3. The spark control lever should
be in the retard position when first
adjusting- the carburetor. This is the
idling or slow-speed adjustment.
When the engine runs well, advance
the spark and try accelerating the
engine's speed by opening the throt
tie lever to obtain proper high speed
adjustments.
Location of Spark Ping Points.
4. Spark plug points too close to
gether will not allow the engine to
run slowly, as the flame area or
amount of expansion of the burning
gas charge will be too small. A large
charge of mixture will burn more
quickly than a small amount, there
fore when more fuel is admitted to
the cylinders, aa happens during high
speed, the engine will operate more
efficiently, but on slow speed when a
small charge is admitted the engine
will miss fire.
Overheating of Engine,
S. Deposits of lime en wafls of
water jackets or in radiator, frayed
or constricted hose connections at
radiator, jacket or pump, mud caked
between radiator cells, water pump
broken, an air lock in the cooling
system or frozen water are all cooling
system troubles which, it neglected.
will cause overheating of the engine.
Use of Craphite Hot Advised.
6. Because of the small passages
leading to bearings of the engino in
a forced-feed lubricating system the
use of graphite mixed with the motor
oil is not advised, for clogging of
these passages may result.
When Stalling on Bill.
7. When a car stalls while at
tempting to climb a hill do not try
to coast backward down the bill. The
first thinig to do Is to apply the emer
gency brakes. Lock the lever in place.T-eal conductor?
brakes applied and engage the clutch
very slowly, meanwhile speeding up
the engine. When the clutch pedal
U about half way out and the clutch
is beginning to take hold, slowly dis
engage the brakes and finish engag
ing the clutch. If the hill is not to
steep the car may be speeded up and
intermediate ge-trs engaged. Do not
.attempt to engage high gear until you
are sure the speed of the car and 3tze
of the hill warrant the engine pulling
smoothly.
Stepping on Flat Tire.
8. If a tire goes flat while the car
is in .motion do not attempt to stop
suddenly to prevent the rim edges
from cutting the tire. Applying th
brakes too sudjeuiy or with too much
pressure may "cause the wheel to lock
and skid, in which case th tire would
probably be ruined. Also do not al
low th weight of the car to rest for
any length of time on a deflated tjre.
Carbon Deposits E plained.
9. Improper combustion caused by
too light a carburetor mixture will
deposit excessive carbon In the cylin
ders. Because this mixture consists
of hydrocarbon and air It will, when
too rich, be slow burning and not
entirely consumed during combustion.
resulting In carbon being deposited
and mixed with oil which works past
the piston rings will be baked hard
upon the walls of the combustion
chamber, tops of valves and pistons
and at the sparkplugs.
. Late Ignition Spark.
10. Too late an Ignition spark will
cause loss of power and fuel. An ex
cessive amount of fuel will be con
sumed because the whole of each
charge admitted to cylinders will not
be combusted. Loss of power Is due
to the fact that the spark will occur
when the piston is on its downward
stroke, called power stroke, Instead
of at the beginning of the stroke or
before it begins, aa in high speed.
when the greatest amount of power
should be derived from each ex
plosion.
This Week's Questions.
1. Why is it necessary for gasoline
to be converted into vapor and mixed
with air before It can be used in the
automobile engine?
2. What is a simple way to dis
cover a. compression leak in a spark'
plug?
3. What Is the simplest test of an
lirnltion coil?
4. In addition to a very lean car
buretor mixture what will cause an
enelne to backfire?
5. What are the usual causes of
an engine overheating?
Can old motor oil drained from
tne cranacase oa usea agaia as
lubricant for the car?
7. What may be used to clean the
cooling system of an, engine?
8. If the engine stalls while the
car is going up hill and the brakes
refuse to work what may be done?
9. Should the tires carry more air
In cold weather than In summer?
10. What metal is the best electri-
Careful on wot pavement.
shift transmission to neutral and
crank the engine. When it start,
throw out the clutch, shift gears to
low speed, keeping the emergency
LOUISIANA IS INTERESTED IX
NOVEL EXPERIMENT.
Millions of Dollars Worth of Gas
" Might Be Secured From
Waste Marsh Land.
NEW ORLEANS, Deo. 13. Louisi
ana Is particularly interested In ex
periments now being conducted with
a view to converting the farm straw
stack Into a fuel gas. While the
straw stack is supposed to blossom
most luxuriously in Kansas, there
are about 4000 square miles of thicV
grown wild rice straw going to waste
every year on the Louisiana marshes.
Technically, the cereal in question
Is not a rice at all, but a form of
wild barley. The yield of this straw
to the acre is somewhat heavier than
that of wheat or barley, and the
land on which it grows In Louisiana
is flooded mudflat. useless for any
thing else, so that if this straw can
be made to produce approximately
$13 an acre In fuel gas, as Kansas
chemists have announced, there is
some $30,720,000 worth of gas going
to waste every year on the marshes
of southern Louisiana, enough to
drive all the automobiles in the
United States for some time, even at
tho present price of gasoline. So
far, no other use fever has been found
for this straw.
This "wild rice" grows so densely,
that a man scarcely is able to push
his way through it, and travel over
this section of marsh has to be in
a pirogue or a Joh-boat following
the many small, shallow waterways
which cut it here and there. The
straw is three to four or five feet in
height, topped with heads similar to
those of rice, whence th common
name.
Motor fire apparatus are replacing
horse-drawn vehicles In Boston.
'er rain!'
-let
SAMSON
CORDS
don't skid!
EjSf Mir-
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Gin f I r 1 Aj light-six sedan
. r u U LJ )KD
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.(Copyrig-ht,
1920, Thompson
Service.)
Feature
Slow down for children.'
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OFFICIAL FACTORY SERVICE
. Bach Branch and Authorised Dis
tributor of United Motors Service
maintains a complete set of official
factor records oa Remy equipment.
This assures 70a of the correct and
gennine part as wU as a service repair
that is np to factory standards. '
POBTLAND BRANCH
S25 Bornside Avenue
Phone Broadwav 1604
PORTT.AND AUTHORIZED DISTRIB
UTOR Sunset Electric Co.
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Y A
m v 1 ir at ' i 1 a
United Motors Seiotce
Incorporated
SZZVXC2 D2PARTMENT
OENERAU-orrice
IF DelCO KLAXON Bmt
J
oe TROITMI CHI CAN
"h, e, f-ir:
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The Gift Supreme for All the Fam
America's Greatest
SEDAN VALUES
There never was a better time than now to place your
order for a Sedan. And while you're doing it, better choose
a Sedan that gives you the maximum value in quality,
' performance, appointments and enclosed car comforts
. . in other words, a Studebaker Sedan 1
Such quality as you find in a Studebakcr-built Sedan-
such stability of design and refinement of appearance is
possible only because of Studebaker's great resources and
manufacturing experience, and the fact that these cars are
built complete by Studebaker in Studebaker factories.
The Light-Six Sedan
H-pajxngwn 40-korsepamn Xli-kicM pnarfho
Low-bong, instantansonsly responsive,
easy to drive, and remarkably safe and
comfortable. Its light weight, in combina
tion with its mechanical efficiency, insures
unusual economy in gasoline and tires. Ia
its quietness of power and. freedom from
vibration, it sets new standards in closed
car comfort. Distracting noises and dis.
comforting body vibrations have been
eliminated.
, 52150
Cord Tire Equipped
. ., South Bad .
The Special-Six Sedan
S-posMMgan MariwT JJ9-ncB uthmltmm
Everything essential to the owner's satis
faction, pleasure and comfort has been
provided. Nothing that would add to com.
fort and convenience to protection and
utility has been neglected. Its four doors
offer easy entrance and exit tot all pas
sengers. Its performance and appearance
are combined with features of appointment
that every connoisseur of closed car quality
will quickly appreciate.
S2750
Cord Tire Equipped
. . . Dunk
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ALL STUDEBAKER CARS ARE EQUIPPED WITH
CORD TIRESANOTHER STUDEBAKER PRECEDENT
W. C. GARBE, Inc.
Broadway at Burnside Phone Broadway 61G
There is a Studebaker Dealer Near Your Home
y """" fy
Made In
All Popular
Samson quality is tangible;
it is proved in performance.
The entire strength of the
Samson organization is con
centrated on the constant
safeguarding -of the quality
that has brought so much suc
cess to this Western tire.
v Buy from your dealer .
Morris Tire & Accessory
Company
Edward B. Merrls, Proprietor,
14 North Broadway
rime Breadway 2402.
REMEMBER
that the Still Better Willard Battery is the
- only storage battery with threaded rubber
positive and negative plates.
Thread Kubber Insulation has been se
lected by 168 builders of motor cars and
trucks.
HARPER-BURG, Inc.
WILLARD BATTERY SERVICE
NINTH AND EVERETT
BRANCHES AND SCB-AGE5TS
IJTIO.V AVE. TIRE 4 BATTEBT STATION
Colon Arm, and Saeramente
' ST. JOHNS AI TO ELEC, SEnVICE
St. Johns
WAY STATION WO. S C, B. OSBVBN CO.
B. 17th nnd Barmaid Sts. Creak am. Or.
BELMONT BATTEBT STATION COPELAWD AVTO CO.
Belment and Crand SC Helena, Or.
CIwiT'KANIB ATTO CO.
Clntsknnle, Or.
O. E. RINOI.B
Hnlnlar, Or.
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