G-
TIIE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, SEPTEMBER 19, 1920
j) j i How Prof. Dandy Located it " U',
o Wfi the Aid of a Brain ' V S;VI-:
Chart. and Cured Two p- f
r leptics Simply by Removing I 1 !'. N f )
(l J ) the Offending Bubble from ( ' V '
( :: the Brain. 1
J if' M y 1 The skull la trephined over the spot wk
' "" tlie bble U kn
' ' SyS' II - SgSs"" rJ"'"" '"""'''i "'li a Km soon the (koll bone la opened the
X 1 II , "J i ' f v) WaywZr' exact location of the babble can be seen
"V ' I ' J f -J,ja;vV :. 1 M ( ''SSfcw''lS. under the mrmbrinroai covering of the
con-. j r.fjf 'i j irpJ t - yv -v' .
Sines the recent announcement at I
Johns Hopkins university. Baltimore, of
the discovery of a cure for epilepsy, much
anxious Inquiry nas been made to the uni
versity authorities regarding: the nature
and merits 5T the cure and eepectally the
after-effects upon the patient. This was
to be expected when we consider that ac
cording; to the latest medical satlstics there
. are almost 104,000 epileptics In the United
States to whom, until very recently, prac
tically no hope of a cure could be offered
Dr. Walter B. Dandy, one of the surgeons
attached to the universtty staff, operated
on two epileptics several weeks ago with
results which now are declared fully to
have established the curative efficacy of
his discovery.
What Dr. Dandy did was, after all; very
simple. He opened the skull of each of
his two patients at the precise spot where
as he knew, he would find a very little
secretion of matter. This secretion had
formed a pocket between the top surface
of the brain and the Iove-llke covering,
otherwise the membrane, which fits tightly
over the brain itself.
A section of the membrane surrounding
thle secretion, which for want of a better
term may very aptly be called a bubble,
was tnrown back, exposing the brain itself
and the tiny bubble to which the epilep
tic's condition was attributed. The bubble
was carefully removed and the affected
part treated with Iodine.
In each case the patient's skuli hea-led
very quickly and no a synvptom of epl
lepecy has been manifested since.
On this page today Dr. L. K. Hlrshberg
of Johns Hopkins university explains in
detail the important stages In each of
these remarkable cases. Dr. ' Hlrvhberg
was one of the privileged spectators when
the operations were performed and he had
an excellent opportunity to study the prog
ress of each case.
It may be asked how Dr. Dandy knew
that he would find the tiny bubble at some
exact spot on the brain's surface. The
accompanying sectional view of the upper
portion of a head will aid in answering
that question. The figure Inside the brain
serves as a guide to the physician In locat
ing the bubble. Epilepsy does not affect
all alike. Sometimes It can be traced to
' the head, at other times to the feet or
the hands. And the head, feet and hands
of the figure Indicate relatively the par
ticular portion of the brain In which the
offending bubble has formed.
BT DR. LEONARD KEENS
HIRSCHBERG.
A. B . M. A.. M. Tt. (Johns Hopkins
university, j
Q PASMS, or epileptic attacks, have
now been apparently cured at
Johns Hopkins hospital. You need
only Imagine what might have hap
pened to change the map of the world
if Napoleon had been cured of
epilepsy.
Numerous other famous historic
characters were afflicted throughout
their lives with grand mal or petit
mal, different stages of epilepsy, or
convulsions.
mere are so many epileptics In
the world that several states, notably
New York, have established colonies
lor them.
Epilepsy In popular speech Is called
"spasms," "fits," "seizures," "attacks,1
"convulsions," "onsets," "grand mal,
"petit mat," and similar names.
oo-cauea attacks ot hysteria, or
cysteric convulsions, are sometimes
true epilepsy.
when they are not appears to be
when they are due to some disorder
of the glands such as the thyroid.
v pituitary, adrenal, or gonads.
True epilepsy is divided into three
varieties, all really degrees of "the
same malady:
1 With muscle spasms and uncon
Bciousness called "grand mal."
, 2 With muscle contractions and. no
unconsciousness. 1
J With a fleeting moment of un
consciousness and no muscular fits,
petit mal.
While there are many differences
in each individual's form of epilepsy
as a rule the grand mal or majo
epilepsy begins with some muscle
. twitch of a particular member, finger,
ankle, eyeball, or a spot, which if
carefully sought can be found.
Thence, almost instantly, the twitch
lag spreads, like the eddies from a
pebble In a pond and becomes
vulslon of all the muscles.
This is accompanied, or followed,
with exception of the type - called
Jacksonian epilepsy, by, loss of con
sciousness. Then come hours of sleep, coma, or
drowsiness. At this time somnambu
lism and other acts not recalled in
more wakeful, alert hours, may take
place. Martin Luther used to throw
ink wells during this time of his spells,
and some epileptics have thus shot
and injured their best friends.
The tongue and lips are bitten, the
saliva becomes a froth and the eyes
may roll in uncanny fashion in the
midst or an attack.
Petit mal has all the signs, ex
cept the fits or spasms. It is more
a yss of consciousness for a fleeting.
asaing moment.
Remedies, treatments, method, of
relief and operations for the Improve
ment of epilepsy have hn .,.,
lnce the time of Moses and i,rnr.
It was known in days of old as "the
falling sickness."
However, the law of medicine, which
- 4 I'icie are many cures
a disease, there is none." holds
as well for epilepsy as for "colds."
rheumatism" and cancer. That I it
hold until Professor Walter E.
i
for
did
anay appeared before the Johns
Hopkins hospital medical society and
announced, as the bulletin of tn
Johns Hopkins hospital says, "The
rresentation of Two Cases of EdI-
lepsy Apparently Cured by a New
norm of Operative Treatment," by
Dr. Walter E. Dandy.
The announcement in simplified
English instead of medical phrase
ology means this:
The two patients were presented
to the Johns Hopkins medical society
order to demonstrate the results
of a new treatment for epileDsv.
From observations made at nu
merous operations upon the brains
of epileptics , I have come to the
conclusion that epilepsy Is due
to a definite Injury of the brain and
am encouraged to a hopeful out
look for its treatment."
The first patient cured In this way
is a miner, 34 years of age. Until the
onset of his present illness, epilepsy,
he had always been quite well.
Briefly his illness may he stated
this way: Six months ago, without
any warning, he was suddenly seized
with a convulsion, which began in the
right half of his tongue, the right side
of his face, thence passing down the
right arm and leg, and soon spreading
to all of his muscles as typical fit
or spasm. '.
He was unconscious for probanly a
few minutes, and after he recovered
his. speech was affected, his leg and
right arm weak.
Thereafter, these had disappeared
and he had many petit mal attacks.
These have been many and frequent.
After he came under the care of Dr.
ijunay, ine ins continued and were
often only three minutes apart.
in fine, he had about 250 attacks
In the 24 hours, because they wer
maintained even in sleep.
It was finally decided to "trephine,
or open the skull and explore the left
half of the brain because each
hemisphere controls the opposite side
of the person and look for something
wrong over the part where the fibers
are most closely crowded and which
go to the tongue and speech muscles.
There, sure enough', it was discov
ered that the bag or membrane which
fits the brain like a glove, was thick
ened, opaque and bulging as if fluid
were present.
Beneath this thickened spot there
was a considerable accumulation of
lymph or jelly-like fluid with a pale
lemon-yellow tint.
When this membrane called the
"pia-mater" or meninges was pricked
and the liquid in it allowed to es
cape, it was entirely plain to the sur
geons that the underlying brain spot
had been softened much as a spot In
the skin of an orange is softened by
a mold.
Around and below this tiny area of
brown softening it was evident that
the brain was all right and in all
respects healthy and normal.
The entire affected area of the
brain and the membranes which cover
it, might, with the fluid In it, be
called a cyst or sac two Inches square
or so.
The sharp and easily discernible de
lineation of the area diseased or in
jured in this epileptic could be made
out even by the inexperienced eyes
of the nurses and others present at
this ingeniousoperation.
"There could be no doubt." says Dr.
Dandy, "that such a sharply marked
out spot, so precisely located must
have a causative connection and bear
ing upon the production of the fits or
spasms.
"A sore of this nature on the brain
is to be found in most victims of
epilepsy."
. It is frequently localized, although
the sore involves serious epileptics,
the entire surface of the brain may
be damaged.
The figured diagram
of the brain which amides the operating snriceon In locating the brain babble
before he commences to cot through the skull.
8 The membrane Is hlnsrcd back exposing
the bubble which la Immediately removed.
It seems probable that direct Impli
cation of the brain' fibres is re
sponsible for the convulsions and
epileptic seizures. The fluid and its
pressure may Incite the attack. Dr.
Dandy worked on this plan and ob
literated the cyst.
From experiments n animals he
found that iodine efficiently ob
literated the space. '
In this patient the fluid areas were
opened-with a sterilized needle, the
fluid released and the spaces injected
with iodine. The action caused ad
hesions in a few days and - a
permanent healing up and closure of
the cyst.
The day after the operation the
patient had his last epileptic -fit. Since
then, three months and more, he has
had notthe semblance of any. He Is
well. s
Some time ago Dr. Dandy used this
operation for the first time on a boy,
8 years old, afflicted with fits. He had
had four or five attacks daily for sev
eral years before the operation. He
has not had one since.
Here then, at last, there Is a cure
for some sufferers of epilepsy. All
that is needed is a correct diagnosis
and localization of the spot on the
hrain affected.
ZORN RISES FROM PEASANT
TO MASTER OF PORTRAITURE
As Boy in Sweden, Great Painter Used to Carve Animals From
Wood and Color With Berry Juice While Tending Sheep.
A
deln.
Kansas City Star.
PEASANT boy used to sit among
the white-stemmed birches in
the province of Dalcarlia, Swe
carving horses and dogs out of
wood, glancing up occasionally to see
that the flock of sheep he was tend-
ng did not stray far away. He col
ored the little images with huckleber
ry Juice.
A friend of the boy'a father saw the !
wooden statuettes and said the boy
shrould learn to draw. He should be a
sculptor, said the friend. But the boy
had other plans. After studying for a
while at a small art school, he decided
that sculpture did not lend itself so
readily to his needs as, the purple-
hued horses and cows he had carved
out ot wood while he watched the
sheep at home.
Anders Zorn was only 1$ then, but
in the untaught peasant bdy was the
same spirit of independence and- the
same love of color that made .him the
greatest portrait painter of his time
well as a pathfinder in the field of
color, a valiant figure in the world of
art, able to stand alone and to fight
tor the new ideas he brought into it.
Beauty of Color Tanght.
When he died a few days ago 'In
Stockholm, Zorn may be said to bave
completed his life work, for he had
made the world rtcher by such a
vision of color as nobody dreamed of
SO years ago. His pictures form a
pageant of such brilliancy that it has
dazzled the eyes of one generation
and taught the eyes of another to de
mand color.
Born in 1860, his genius found ex
pression and recognition so early that
by the time he was 22 he was away
on his travels, stopping in Spain to
paint dark Castilian beauties and in
England to render in water color
bright-cheeked Anglo-Saxons. He re
turned to Sweden and married. Up to
1887 he had painted exclusively In
water color. After that he painted al
together in oils.
He was painting in the United
States in 1893 and exhibited anentire
room of his pictures at the Chicago
world's fair. The portraits of society
women did not create such a stir as.
a certain Parisian scene in which a
woman was about to step from the
curb Into a waiting omnibus. The
cross-currents of light as they fell on
the persons in the vehicle and on the
woman's bright raiment startled by
their Intensity and realism, but they
were admired, as were also tbe dar
ing nudes which many predicted would
not be admitted to an exhibition in
a land noted for its puritanical attitude.
Ideas Are Vlgorena.
Zorn was as vigorous in his ideas
as he was in his drawing. He was in
duced to talk a little about America
when he returned to Sweden. He ad
mired Wlnslow Homer for his land
scapes andsea pictures, Simmons for
his decorative motifs and Cecilia
Beaux in portraiture. But he had
no faith in women as artists. "Wom
en." he said, "can never be quite in
dependent in such work. They must
have something stronger to lean
against. Why? Dear me, are you not
content with the statement of the
fact women are women?"
Once, while painting old King Oscar
of Sweden, with whom 'he sometimes
went yachting, the monarch,' who de
lighted in verse writing, asked Zorn
whether he would be disturbed if
some original poetry were read to
him.
"Not at all." replied the painter.
Whereupon the king read some of his
verses and concluded by asking:
"Well, what do you think of it?"
"I think It is a lot of rot," said
Zorn, without hesitation.
"But it was I who wrote It," re
torted the royal sitter.
"How could I tell that?" answered
Zorn without the slightest concern.
In spite of the disappointment he
must have felt, the king remained one
of the painter's constant admirers.
For years he maintained a studio in
Paris, where he made an extraordi
nary etching of Ernest Renan and
painted the bright world as It passed,
sometimes in the form of portraits of
great personages, but oftener in the
vivacious faces of women who seem
to have been glimpsed casually.
Returning again to Sweden, he
painted the lovely northern types,
chiefly peasant girls with their bright
eyes and dazzling complexions and
their kerchief head coverings. The
originality of his style made every
subject exceptional. By a great num
ber of seemingly random lines In his
etchings and by a similar method in
the use of color, he obtained effect
surpassingly luminous, spirited and
unfailingly interesting.
Whenever any dispute arose con
cerning his work, Zorn displayed a
vigor of speech and a capacity for
fighting that never failed to win a
victory. One such dispute arose over a
picture of King Gustavus Vasa, a j
portrait at the University of Upsala,
believed to have been painted in 1542,1
and the only authentic portrait of!
that Swedish hero. It Is on the Swed-
lsh banknotes. Zorn was employed
to restore it.
Ontery Follows Restoration.
After he finished his work on It a
great outcry was raised in the Swed
ish press,' which alleged Zorn had
completely spoiled the picture and
that the restored Gustavus Vasa is
nothing like the old Gustavus Vasa.
Zorn explained that the old picture
itself wasn't the genuine one, as he
discovered in the process of restora
tion that it had been painted over and
the true original appeared under
neath. This happened to show an
entirely -different face, so that the
Swedes apparently had for centuries
been under a delusion as to how their
great warrior king looked.
The artist was a great admirer of
the American nation as proof of
which he gave $25,000 to a fund to
enable Swedish scientists to pursue
their studies in the United States.
He became immensely wealthy and
retired to a chateau which he built
near Stockholm and filled with treas
ures ot art. There he occupied a lovely
woodland studio and from there he
dispensed numerous benefactions. His
gifts on behalf of poor children were
always princely, one of them taking
the form of a children's home in his
native village, built at a cost of $50,
000.
TURKS WILL RAZE ST. SOPHIA
TO KEEP MOSQUE FROM GREEKS
Nationalists Have Mined Structure Is Rumor Moslems Fear Foes Will
Take Church by Force and Restore Christian Character.
Big Pearl Harvest Expected.
PAPEETE, Tahiti. Pearl diving
opened at Hlkueru. Paumoto islands,
on the first of August. Practically
every boat here has sailed for Hi
kueru, loaded with articles which will
be traded for the shell and pearls of
this year's diving. Divers this year
expect to reap a big harvest as the
oyster beds have not been molested
since early in the war.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Sept. IS Pass
ports are now demanded of
visitors seeking to enter Saint
Sophia, and any Christian who cannot
establish the fact that he Is neither
a Greek nor an- Armenian is not ad
mitted. Since the Greek advance eastward
into Anatolia and the boast of Greeks
that they will recover Saint Sophia
within a year, Moslem authorities
bave doubled the guard about the
great mosque and take Bpecial pre
cautions to prevent Greeks and Ar
menians from entering.
There are many rumors in Constan
tinople, probably all of them ground
less, that Greek troops will take the
church by force, regardless of peace
conference rulings, eliminate the Mos
lem alterations from its Interior and
restore the Christian character im
parted to the historic building by the
Emperor Justinian when the present
building was erected under his direc
tion in the sixth century.
Turks havedeclared they will dy
namite the mosque before they will
permit it to be , desecrated by the
Greeks, and spice is added to life in
Constantinople by recurrent rumors
that . the Turkish nationalists have
mined Saint Sophia and many other
important buildings preparatory to
razing them before a Greek advance
Into' the Turkish capital. Such an
advance is not regarded as improb
able. The ability of the Constanti
nople government to enforce the
terms of any treaty Is questionable
as long as Mustapha Kemah controls
practically all the remaining frag
ments of the Turkish army and re
fuses to take orders from the sultan.
Greece has the only troops which
could undertake further punitive
measures and might reasonably be
expected to demand Constantinople as
the reward for additional military
operations.
In spite of the boast of Russians in
Constantinople that the Turkish cap
ital and Saint Sophia will eventually
fall into their hands as a result of the
dissensions among the entente pow
ers, the Turks show no disposition to
bar Russians from their most historic
mosque. Every afternoon hundreds
of Russians frequent the great shrine
Cossacks in their fantastic long
skirted black coats embellished with
rows of Ivory-tipped cartridge cases:
Caucasian princesses, gay In bright
colored Parisian gowns: tight-belted
Tartars, with their quaint curved
swords; peasant women In their
cheerful hand - embroidered head
shawls and aprons, and Denikine's
wounded soldiers all mingle freely
with the Moslem worshipers. The
Moslems treat Russians with the same
indifference displayed toward British
and French soldiers and American
sailors and relief workers who wan
der through the majestic mosque and
are shown by nojsy guides how the
Christian angels' and the mosaics of
Jesus and the Virgin Mary were cltfm
sily concealed by the Moslem artists
who turned the Christian sanctuary
into a house of worship for Islam.
The Turks do not love the Russians.
Neither do they hate them. No Chris
tiau is loved by a Moslem, but the
power of the Turks to hate is ex
hausted on the Greeks and Arme
nians. They .regard Russians as -a
lesser evil than the Greeks. Any
Turk one meets in Constantinople
frankly says he would accept Russian
.control of Constantinople in prefer
ence to Greek domination. And he
says it with a full realization that
Russian domlnationV would probably
mean bolshevik domination.
Mother's Sweet Boy Explains.
Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
"Freddy, do you know what became
of that piece of cake that was left on '
the tray?" asked mother.
"Yes. mother." replied Freddy in
the sweetest of tones. "I gave it to
a little boy who was so awfully hun
gry."
"That was good of you. Who was
It?"
"It was me, mother."
Flaked Fruit Is Latest.
KELOWNA. B. C. A new industry
is being started here for the manu
facture of a product known as flaked
fruit, which is claimed to be superior
to the evaporated article.