The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, July 18, 1920, Section One, Image 17

The Sunday Oregonian., July 18, 1920, Section One, Page 17, Image 17

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Newspaper Page TextTIIE SUNDAY ORERONIAX, . PORTLAND. JULY 18. 1920 17. BEEKEEPING IN SMALL WAY OFFERS BIG OPPORTUNITY TO REDUCE COST OF LIVING Well-Cared For Colony in Berry Bushes or Flower Gardens Will Go Long Way Toward Sweetening Daily Bread of Home-owning Family. V - i f tuft- , . f-' SIXCESSFl'L BEE COLONY IS A If ORCHARD. BY SHEBA CHILDS HARGREAVES. ARTICLE No. I. IN the effort to reduce the cost of living;, especially for the small home owner In the city, much has been written recently concerning gar dening and rrult growing In the bacK yard. Poultry and rabbits are also receiving their just share of public ity, but by far the most profitable venture for the money invested and the labor Involved has been over looked. I refer to beekeeping in a small way. One or two thrifty, well-cared-f or colonies of bees In the shade of the berry bushes or beside a clump of hollyhocks in the flower garden will sweeten the daily bread for a good slssed family the year round and at the same time prove an absorbingly interesting outdoor sport for the tired business man or the housewife who needs to spend more time in the open air. There is no hard work con nected with beekeeping. It is mainly a matter of cleanliness and timely attention to minute detail. The would-be beekeeper up to a few years ago simply set himself up In business by buying a hive of bees from some amateur who had a sur plus. After placing it in position In his "back- yard he ignored the exist ence of bees until fall, when he began thinking of honey. In exceptionally good - years there might be a few pounds, but In most cases- there was no honey at all. Thus neglected, the colony soon dwindled through ex cessive swarming,- or fell before the onslaught of the bee -moth and the various diseases to which bees are subject. Proper Care EMential. If bees are to be kept they must be properly cared for; a few neglected colonies are -breeding ground for the infectious bee diseases which in times past have practically wiped out apia ries. To avoid disease, the beginner should be careful to buy his colonies from reliable dealers and ever after exercise care in keeping out' disease, for prevention is a simple matter when compared to cure in the apiary. Aside from the honey, there are other advantages in beekeeping. The bee Is a necessity in the orchard and among, the flowers, and vegetables. Orchardists rely on the bee to scatter pollen from tree to tree, thus insur ing fruit. So the gardener and fruit grower in a small way is distinctly benefited by every bee colony in his neighborhood. One particular advantage which beekeeping has over other back-yard industries is that little space is re quired.' Lacking a back yard, the hives may be placed on the roof of a garage or any other building having the correct exposure, providing, of course, there is an easy access to the hives, so that they may be opened without inconvenience. In some cities the roofs of office buildings support apiaries. The pasture for bees is particularly good in and around Portland. Bees are rangers, jrathering honey over a territory five or six miles square. Aside from the lavish quantities of flowers and fruit blossoms in the res idence districts, we have 150 acres of alsike clover in the vicinity of Reed college. This clover is ideal for bees. The honey produced is pure white and of delicate flavor. As far -as pas ture is concerned, no one need hesi tate in keeping bees. We suffer from lack of bees; in fact, there Is lavish waste of nectar from which honey is made. Wet Springs Discouraging. "There are other reasons, however, which have tended to check the bee keeper. Our climate is not ideal for honey, gathering. Bees do not fly In rainy weather and our cold, wet springs are rather discouraging. A person who is not well grounded in the art could not hope to succeed with bees on a commercial scale here any other place, for that matter hut many paying apiaries began with one hive, and no experience on the part of the beekeeper. In fact, this is the only practical way to learn beekeep ing, unless there is an opportunity to work in a well-ordered apiary. GKalsMtfiHome (jarcleners DEAR FRIENDS: We have sown, grown and harvested our early garden; we have fought our insect enemies "to a finish," I hope; we have prepared our ground again and seeded or set out plants of all the vegetables which will mature in late fall and those which grow and are ready for use, fresh from our gar dens, during the winter and early spring. Now our next concern seems to belong to those vegetables which we planted in the spring but which take the whole Season to mature. In the words of the nursery rhyme: 'Mary, Mary, quite contrary, how does your garden grow?" So today we will consider just how this long season garden should grow through the heat and drought of summer and until It is ready for harvesting in the fall. Raising a garden is really, ybu see, an endless "continued story." There Is a constant procession of events. We have our comedies and our real little tragedies and many unexpected climaxes. Mother Nature Is very wise and very old. We cannot work along with her without learning many things some of them not con nected with gardening per se, but secrets that the wise old mother gives to those who become intimate with her. ' The "great outdoors" is fascinating to everyone at this time of year, but there is just as much of nature's wisdom and power in our own back yards as there is on the tops of moun tains. It is all equally wonderful to those who understand. Oar Summer Garden. Here are the vegetables which we planted in spring and which are now growing through the summer to be harvested (with the exception of parsley, parsnips, safsify and chard) before the first killing frost in the fall: Late string beans, dry beans, pole string beans, lima beans, car rots, celery, cucumbers, watermel lons, muskmelons, okra, parsley, parsnips, peppers, main crop pota toes, salsify, Swiss chard, tomatoes, winter onions. We will consider the summer culti vation of each of these vegetables separately, as there are many little points that are very important in their treatment and plants differ in their requirements even more than oeonle do. We will describe the vegetables named above, giving also any spe c.ial advice on harvesting spring crops or the care of the "winter garden ' .which was spoken of at the time we . planted it, and later we will take up the summer care of our permanent l.t-ris erlobe artichoke. asparagus, rhubarb and garden herbs then will .discuss briefly the summer culture required by our garden fruit. The Summer Care of Rush Beana. Beans should not have too. rich, a soil, as it tends to make them run to leaf and vine, while it's their fruit we want. . As they are extremely sensitive to both cold and moisture thev need irrigation in dry weather, but not ioe-water from Mount Hood dashed on them from a hose during a hot. sunny da. Such treatment stunts them Just as a would. ' All the hot-season plants those we -plant the last in our garden in spring grow much better if they can be watered with warm water. Some farmers leave water outdoors in tubs through the heat of the day. so it is warm to water their beans, toma toes, cucumbers and melons at night. I know one neighbor who attaches her hose to her hot-water faucet and throws the water up high, so it is a little cooled' before it reaches these plants. It makes a wonderful differ ence in the way they grow. But the best way is to run little furrows down by the vines and let the cold water run on and -sink into the hot soil, which warms it up be fore it reaches the plant roots. Up to the time of blossoming beans should have frequent shallow culti vation, but when they begin to blos som great care must be exercised, as . any mutilation, of the roots by culti vation after the plants have come into bloom is likely to cause the blos soms to blast and so cut off the crop. - A "trick" we found out ourselves in growing beans is to let the early bean vines rest a little after they are through bearing and then start In irrigating them copiously and culti vating them well, and the same vines will blossom again and bear another good crop. A little nitrogen applied at first gives them a start, but do not i use much, as we want them to form fruit pods instead of leaves. Cultivating- Dry Beans. Dry beans are easily grown, but they must have plenty of water; fail ing of this, the little plants start producing pods when only a few inches ' high nature's effort to re produce before death. By giving them much water they grow to be large, thrifty plants and bear a large crop of bean seed. They must also have constant cultivation. but, like all beans. It must be shal low. Through the whole season the cul tivation of all varieties of beans should be -frequent enough to pre vent weeds getting a footing or a crust forming, but when possible, it is well to weed beans by hand, espe cially near the plants. Beans should never be cultivated or disturbed in any way (even by walking by them so one's clothes brush them) when they are wet with dew or rain or irrigation. , To do so renders the crop liable to the spore disease, called "rust," to which it is subject. Dry beans must be watched carefully in fall and gathered as soon as the pods are yellow and dry, or they will burst open and scatter their own seed on the ground for next year's crop and you will lose all your dry beans for winter. The Peculiarities of Pole Beana. Pole beans of all kinds are even more sensitive . than . bush beans to cold draughts and winds, but are of superior quality and productiveness. If the old- Kentucky Wonder vines have all the water they can use, the amount of beans they will. produce is almost unbelievable. In southern Oregon I saw a short row of these beans perhaps 10 feet long which grew right qn the bank of a little irrigation " ditch, which was always full of running water. These- pole beans produced bushels of the most delicious long green pods and sup plied the whole neighborhood, all summer. You do not need so many hills of pole beans, but do give those you have a great deal of water at the roots never on the tender vines from the hose. Remember to- train all the vines around the poles the way the sun goes, from east to west. That is the natural way for. all vines to twine and they grow better so. As they grow and mature pods all up the length of the pole you can pick those maturing at the bottom while the re mainder are growing. Pick them when green and crisp for use, and those intended for canning should be picked quite a. little younger than those for table use. -Vegetables that are good when; eaten the same day light -f rost they are picked if . little . too mature ber that beans, peas, corn and all other vegetables should be in a much more immature stage for canning than for table use. - Oregon pole limas are ready to eat as green shelled beans when the pods are filled and first begn to ripen. and are at their best when the full green pods begin to turn yellow. Tley are delicious canned as green beans, or they may be left on the vines to' ripen for dry lima- beans for winter, however, picking the early pods as soon as you can use them will force the vines to set more pods than they would otherwise. Early Beetn, Cabbage. Late Carreti. Our, early beets are now being used. as they are late this year. They should be kept well watered and used as Boon as possible, as they become tough and woody if left in th around .over summer. Our early cabbage should usually all be matured by August 10. It may be gathered as soon as the heads are large enough -for eating or after it is fully mature, but all the heads should be gathered and used soon after they are mature, as they will not keep in good condition. They are liable to spilt open and spoil. A slight loosen ing of the roots sometimes stops this but it is better to gather them (split heads can be used also) and make them into sauer: kraut if you have too many to use at once. Carrots need the best of surface tillage, but are easy to grow after they are once established. Do not be discouraged if your winter car rots do not come up as expected. No vegetables require so long to ger minate as carrots sometimes do. The seed may lie dormant for weeks and then come up after a good rain, so do not give them up too soon. Be sure your soil is well cultivated for your winter carrots, as dry or weedy Boll is fatal to them. course it must have some sunlight J each day. j Well rotted stable manure and un- i leached wood ashes are both good' for; it. as is nitrate of soda to start th-a growth. In watering the crop great j care must be taken to see that 'watr is applied at the right times and in j the proper amount, both of which are governed by the kind of soil you have. The plants must never lack moisture. and yet, as said above, they must never stand in water-logged soil. Thorough waterings must be given at longer Intervals rather than shallow ones at frequent intervals and the soil must be wet down to the bottom of the roots. Level cultivation Vnust be used with celery and no dirt thrown up against the plants. Incessant cultivation must be kept up all through the growing season. A tendency of the plants to go to Beed is caused by. some sort of check in their growth, so avoid this if possible. Also be very sure the plants are not disturbed when they are wet or the ground damp, as to do bo is liable to cause injury to them from rust, as is the case also with beans. It is better to set your celery in a square and quite close together. In this way it shades the ground and helps blanch itself. The best varieties to use are White Plume (white elf blanching), and Golden Yellow, - also self-blanching, so called. : Swfrt Corn In Summer. The roots of the corn, like those of beans, grow very near the surface, so it cannot stand drought as well as deep-rooted plants. For this reason it must be cultivated more than most vegetables to keep up the dust mulch which prevents the ground drying out. For the same reason, however. our- cultivation must be exceedingly shallow that we do not cut into tne roots in hoeing and also that we do not dig down into the damp subsoil and open It up so it will dry out. The time to pick corn is when it has the most sugar, which is when the kernel is fully developed but is still "in the dough" or milky state. You can pull back the husk and ex amine It without picking the ear if you are careful.. Corn doea not keep long in prime conditions, so eat or can or dry it as soon after it is ready as possible. Also if you pick the first ears as soon as they are set the sec ond setting will be much better. Some people eat very small immature ears, cob and all, just as we do string beans. Did you ever try it that way? If you find worms in the end of the ears after they show, the silk, open the ends and dust three times, at in tervals, with arsenate of lead powder and it will end this trouble. How to Dry Corn. Many people are very fond of dried corn and prefer to put It up for win ter this way. but recipes for drying are not so easy to find as those for canning. So I will give' an old, tried method here. It is especially for home gardeners, as the first sentence shows: - Pick the corn and get it to drying the came day. Husk it, pick off the silk and cook on the cob in rapidly boiling water from 6 to 10 minutes to set the "milk." It may be dried on the cob. but is usually cut off, either by cutting the kernels lengthwise and scraping out the pulp w:ith the back of a knife, or what is more common and much bet ter because more economical, cutting the kernels from the cob with a sharp knife, being careful not to cut off any The Care of Summer Caullfloirrr, The cultivation . of cauliflower is the same as that of cabbage in gen eral, but it is harder to grow success fully and requires more water. The leaves should be brought over the heads and tied around them to blanch the heads well: or -the leaves may be pinned together with tooth picks, but tying is surer. The heads should be cut for Use when the "curd," -which is really the green flower buds, is very compact and hard, as they soon become tough and bitter after they open and sepa rate into branches. 'Our early crop should all be matured and used by the middle of August. They are very fine canned if you have an oversup- ply. but if not It is better to use them up now as you will soon have fall cauliflower and then- broccoli In winter and spring. If you want to use .cauliflower in your mixed pickles later you can break it up fine and salt it down now in good strong brine and then freshen it by soaking in re peated waters when the time comes that you want to use it. Of course you will use the poorest heads for this, as they will be all right in mixed picklea. The same may be said of string beans. Salt the tender pods down now in brine and freshen them also when you are ready to make your mixed pickles in the fall. . Growing Celery. If you have plenty of water to irri gate it, it is yet possible to set out some celery plants and have them mature before the end of the season. May 30 I described the early planting of celery plants in detail and have not room to repeat It today, but the es sentials for the best celery culture are a very rich soil, a cool climate and plenty of water. Our climate la especially adapted to celery, being much better for it than that of California, from which we import carloads of it. By fertiliz ing our soil well and watering it copl ously we can raise as fine celery as is raised anywhere and it will surely pay you to try a little this year. Celery grows best in sandy loam but our clay loams raise good celery when the soil is well enriched and cultivated and well drained, for while celery needs much water it must not stand in water as some gardeners say it "cannot stand wet feet. Neith er can it stand exposure to very hot sunlight, so if possible plant your celery behind the corn or pole beans of the cob, and then Bcraping the cob clean with thevback of the knife. Having the pulp altogether, spread it on clean granite or tin plates and set It on the back of the stove or in the warming oven or in a warm (not hot) oven with the door open. Or set the plates in a sunny window, Try to screen from dust and flies as much as possible. Your pulp will dry sooner if it is only one-half Inch to an inch deep on the plates. Stir it occasionally so as to . have it all dry evenly, and you can soon turn plates together as it dries. Stir it often, breaking up all the chunks which form, bo that when 'it is fully dry it is in kernels and not in masses. Be very careful how you store it. aa it is sure to get wormy if it is possi ble for insects to get to it. A tight paper bag is secure, but it should be examined often and If the least sign of insects is seen, heat it hot in the oven and restore. To cook dried corn let it soak 24 hours or longer and stew it slowly In the water it soaked in for a long time, so that it may slowly absorb back the water which was dried out of It. It is altogether different, cooked this way, than whn boiled rapidly Drylnir Berries. I will leave the discussion of the summer cultivation of other vege tables until next week and spend what little time we have left in talking about the drying of fruit, as some of this fruit is nearly past bearing now, and other kinds soon will be. All kinds of berries may be dried in the same manner described for corn except that fruit is never scald ed in boiling water, or "blanched,' and should not be dried "bone dry1 or until it looses Its color and be comes brittle. To prepare berries fo drying, pick them over, handling very carefully to prevent bruising the fruit, and not washing unless abso lutely necessary. (They may be wiped with a damp cloth.) Spread them In thin layers on gran ite or earthen plates and dry them as rapidly as you can without burning them. Dry them only until they are spongy and elastic, when they are ready to store. You must be just as careful to keep your dried fruit from insects as you are corn or you will find them wormy from the eggs of a moth. Extra precautions pay well. Drying; Cherrlen and Prunes. These are the best fruits to dry, as the sweet cherries can be used in place of raisins and prunes in place of figs. They are delicious used in this way and they dry very easily. Cherries sometimes dry on the trees and are perfectly good.. To dry pit them carefully, lay on plates and dry as above. They also dry nicely in the sun like corn. Dried . prunes are used In - cakes, puddings, etc.. in place of figs or rai sins and also may be cooked and used for sauce. If cooked right they are de licious. Soak them 24 to 36 hours. Cook in the water in which they were soaked, and without sugar. Simmer very slowly on the back of the stove for a long time until they reabsorb the water they have lost and are nearly like fresh prunes. We will continue the summer gar den discussion next week. Your garden neighbor, INEZ GAGE CHAPEL. Farmers to Go to Pnyallup. KELSO. Wash.. July 17. (Special.) or where some building shades itlur- The annual excursion of Cowlitx Ing the heat of the day though of county farmers to the Western Wash- New U.S. Navy Officers TTEOTS DRfiCT ram pocct sound navt ims Just the thing for Camping, Motor trips or Playhouse for the children. Genuine LJ. S. Navy Officers Tents, made from best quality 12 ox. White Can- ' vas. Cost Uncle Sam almost twice as much as our price. Complete with hardwood stakes, poles and ropes. Size 9x9 feet and every foot a real tent. Mail Ordm Promptly Filled. - CAMP LEWIS WIRELESS . 4" WILCOX BUILDING. - PORTLAND. OREGON ' - SIMON'S Old-Fashioned Bargain Sales SIMON'S Old-Fashioned Bargain Sales SIMON'S California Small White Beans, 21 lbs. for $1. ; Tasty on an outing or picnic. Crystal White Soap, the bar 7c Cleanliness at a small cost. Matches! Matches! Who's Got the Matches? Three Dozen Boxes SI J L Del Monte Peaches, Pine apples, Apricots, 3 Cans SI Delicious fruits, underpriced. Old-Fashioned B argain-Oay Sales Begin on Monday End on Saturday For one week we will hold an old - fashioned carnival, where everybody is everybody's neighbor and where bargains are as thick as blackber ries on the hillsides! Come and stay half the day all day, if you like! Bring the children and the old folks, too. We've something here for everyone! Buy now! First, Second and Alder Streets An Old-Fashioned Sale of Dry Goods! To save the most, you must come to Simon's. Now's the time and here's the place to buy dry goods for less! Comforter Challies 27c the Yard ! An Amazing Price. You can use these fabrics either for comforters or kimonos'! They are 36 inches wide, in figured and floral patterns; splendid quality! Cotton Comforter Batts Unroll to Full Size Only $1.49 An Old-Fashioned Sale of Sheets and Pillow Cases Seabright Sheets, 72x90 size; priced very spe- QO OP cial at, each . Heavy Bleached Pillow Cases; good quality; 42x36 ylfi size; special, each rtJ Laces and Insertions One Big Lot While Any Remain, 3c the Yard ! 'Women's Lisle Vests Only 29c Each! In' low neck, no sleeves, bodice top; also in comfy-cut style. Dresses for Infants, 69c, $1.09, $1,29, $1.39, $1.69 These are in lawn and pique, beautifully trimmed with lace and embroidery. Old-Fashioned Bargain-Day Sales Hit Shoes With an Awful BANG!! Men's Florsheim, Packard, W. L. Douglas, Copeland & Ryder and Beacon Samples and Small Sizes at the Price of Good Half Soles and Heels! Men, if your size is here, what a buy!!! See our Windows! Watch our Tables!! Buy Your Next Winter's Footwear Now ! $2.98 $3.98 $4.98 $1 .19 And for the Ladies : BOUDOIRS Black, tan, pink, red; leather heels; flexible leather soles; smooth kid; all sizes. Of Course, You'll Want a $69 Pair of White Oxfords White duck; hand-turned leather soles; high covered Louis heels. For women who want nice, neat comfort wear. . All sizes. Boys' Corduroy Suits Only $9.98 "They're nifty," say the boys, whether for "Sunday best" or for week-day play. They're double-duty suits that give both "rough and tumble" and "dress-up" service!' Boys' AU-Wool Suits With Extra Knickers Monday Only S12.85 Good fabrics, of course; nobby patterns; coats alpaca lined and belted; knickers full-lined, and finished with taped seams and governor fasteners. In ages 8 to 16 years. Men's Waist Overalls Regularly $2.10 Special $1.15 In sizes 32, 36, 33 and 40. Underwear Special for the Men! Odds and ends broken lines in two-piece, B. V. D., and balbrig gan. Values up to $1.50 the gar ment. Old-fashioned Bargain Day price 50. Wash Suits for Little Tads! Norfolks and Oliver Twists; beach cloth, galatea, and other summery fabrics. Every suit reduced in price: S1.95, S2.10, $2.69 i An OldFashioned Sale of Bungalow Aprons $1.39 These are good ginghams and percales made up into aprons; round or V-neck; pockets and belts; all cut full. Sizes are from 36 to 44. These are real $2.25 values! White Voile Waists Only $1.49 We have "these both in lace trimmed and embroidery trimmed; round neck, V-neck, and square neck. Sizes from 36 to 42. They're regular $2.15 values! Women's Bathing Suits; Only 100 to Sell, $1.59 Striking color combinations; "shapely styles; sizes run from 38 to 42. Buy a suit at a price! Long Crepe Kimonos Only $1.00 All colors in these; mostly large sizes; some are slightly soiled. While any remain, they go at a dollar each! Go After that Garden and Lawn in the Old Fashioned Way! Regular $8.25 Lawn 'Mowers; 14-inch; special for &rj QQ Monday Ol .07 50 feet half-inch Rubber Hose; regularly $5.75; spe- (Pi Qp cial Monday D7t) Make the Flies Flee With Our Screen! Monday Only: Galvanized Screen; square A foot, only rl Black Screen; priced, Ql n square foot " 2 C We have a complete stock of adjustable window screens at money-saving prices! Tackle the Fish With Our Tackle! Regular $7.50 Fishing Q OP Rods; Monday DO.t Regular $5.00 Fishing QA QC Rods; Monday D4:00 Regular $1.35 Fishing QC Lines; Monday 7tlii Star and Tyee Brand g- ff Salmon Eggs; 3 cans wl.UU Regular 25c Spinners; ATZf Monday 2 for JU Regular 20c Spinners; QP Monday 2 for. OOU SIMON'S Old-Fashioned Bargain Sales SIMON'S Old-Fashioned Bargain Sales SIMON'S insrton Experiment station at Puyal lup will be made Friday, July 23. T. Y. Blancon, county agent, is ar ranging for the excursion and a num br of auto loads of farmers will make the trip. Committeeman to Be Named. A meeting- of the republicans of precinct 125 will be held Tuesday evening at 7:30 o'clock at the Kern Park ReaJty company building. 6707 Foster road, for the purpose of elect ing a committeeman. W. A. Williams. who was chosen committeman. has moved out of the district. C. N. Idle man, who knew Warren G. Harding in boyhood days in Ohio, will tell of his impressions of Senator Harding from close acquaintance. Portland Heights Property Sold. The J." M. Haddock property in Portland Heights has been purchased by Robert S. M. Nicholson of the Balfour-Guthrie company. The property consists of a modern bungalow and a quarter block of property. An Knit- COAL USERS 1 to 1000 Tons Coal for prompt delivery. We can meet your requirements now, but may not be able to do o later. WILLAMETTE FUEL & SUPPLY CO. Thirteenth and Pettygrove. Broadway 2144. Automatic 512-25. lish garden is a feature of the land scaping. Mr. and Mrs. Haddock will leave soon for their old home at Bed ford, la., where owing to the death of his father, Mr. Haddock will as sume the control of the Haddock In vestment company, an old established business. Have. You $35,000 to Loan? If so, answer this ad. Loan one year. Interest 8 on face, discount 4, netting 12,. secured by first mortgage on all real estate, buildings, machinery, tools, patterns, drawings, stock and stores, and "product" manufactured or being manufactured. Factory going manufacturing concern. ' Good management and a market too big for us. Ex cellent executive position for the right party. O 927, Oregonian.