THE SUXDAT' OREGONIAX. PORTLAND. MAY 23, 1020
ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. FITTOCK.
Published by The Oregonlan Publishing (Co.,
lo5 Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon,
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TirvMrsirK EMMA GOLDMAN.
It is one thing to dwell comfort-
hw in land of liberty and oppor
tunlty, meanwhile making a fat and
oC livine- hv abusing its hospitality,
and quite another to face the realities
of freedom as it is found in Russia,
as Emma Goldman Has iounu
Mi.. r.nlilman. who. it will be re
membered, fought deportation to the
land that she had pictured as a
i,.von for the worker, nas written
to a friend in Chicago that she is
homesick for America and wishes
that she might return. It is not a
!.,. Russia is not "where one
may hope easily to take root." Miss
Goldman, who was born in Russia,
should be able to adapt herself to
conditions there if anyone can. She
finds it aulte impossible. Yet only
a few months ago she was telling
her followers that the system pru
H hv the bolshevists was as close
an approach to the ideal as one
might hope to estaDiisn m mi
It was only a little short of heaven
she said then.
Russia has in the past been sur
passed by no country on the globe as
a food producer. Its arable area
wnK immense and its population was
predominatingly agricultural. Since
nominal peace was obtained it has
harvested two crops, but its pcopi
are starving. Its farmers are un
willing- to exert themselves to grow
fmvl Which they cannot hope to ex
change -for other commodities they
need,- and the comparatively little
they have produced nas not neipeu
th workers in other industries be
cause of the complete breakdown of
riisti-ihiitinn and transportation.
n.nnii. to be contented must first
have assurances that they will not
fsn-vo one might at least eat i
irr,ri, n Nor was it necessary al
nm to be a "wage slave," as Miss
Goldman herself showed. The pro
lotarint. fares even better with
than he does under the rule of the
soviet. The tyranny of Lenin an
Trotzkv. unless one is of the inne
circle, may be quite as hateful as any
other form of tyranny, as ,mma no
seams willing to admit.
The rules of evidence permit intro
duction of the "admission against
interest." Miss Goldman's testimon
is clearlv admissible m law. It oug
to satisfy her former deluded fol
lowers. Those who are honestly
seeking the light will be convinced.
Some will pity Miss Goldman. She
undoubtedly is being severely pun
ished for her past misdeeds. But the
time for her return is not yet ripe.
She has always posed as one who
wanted to be a martyr for a cause.
In her present situation she consti
tutes an effective warning to those
who do not know when they are well
off. Her homesick letters are a les
son in Americanism. She Bhould
write more of them, to undo in part
the mischief she has done. By tell
ing the truth, for once, about her
"elvsium." she can prove the sin
cerity of her repentance, and do a
real service to the poor dupes she
and others like her have so cruelly
misled.
AX ABSURDITY OP THE PRIMARY
LAW.
The contest between Johnson and
Wood in Oregon at the time of this
writing appears to be exceedingly
close. It is apparent that Johnson
has carried Multnomah county and
the drift in the state at large seems
to be towards his chief competitor.
If Wood has won, it U a remarkable
victory, for it has been in spite of
the fact that the conservative ele
ments of the republican party are
divided- among several candidates.
If Wood has lost, the reason will be
that too many votes which should
have been against Johnson, and or
dinarily would have been, for rea
sons best known to themselves, in-
isted on voting for Lowden and for
Hoover in the face of certain defeat
and in the risk of throwing the state
to Johnson.
It is probable that the delegation
to the republican national conven
tion will not be a Johnson delegation
but at least in its majority a. Wood
delegation. Herein is disclosed the
gross absurdity of the primary law.
The votes of Oregon at the conven
tion will be in the hands of men who
are against Johnson and were known
to be aeiinst him when thev were
elected. Tet it ma&-happen that the
letter of their instruction will be for
Johnson. In the circumstances vthey
will not be a source of strength to
Johnson. ' )
The real verdict of the primary is
that the republican party of Oregon
is against Johnson and the princi
ples and methods for which he
stands. The outstanding lesson of
the primary is that the presidential
primary law, as it stands, is a bur
lesque and a contradiction. It should
be so changed that no delegation to
under the thumb of the pacifists that
our navy was not strong enough to
defend the "Monroe doctrine against
a first class naval power, and we
were tacitly dependent on the British
navy for aid in upholding it. They
have now awakened to the fact that
this is not a safe or dignified position
for a nation of the power and wealth
of the United States to occupy, hence
it has been decided to build a navy
strong enough to maintain American
policy unaided. Before the war
American deep sea shipping was in
significant; we now have the second
largest merchant fleet in the world.
As one of the functions of the navy
is to protect our ships on the high
seas and our interests in foreign
ports, thi3 is a further reason for a
larger navy.
The best evidence that the con
struction of a great American navy
implies no hostile intent toward any
other nation is to be found in the
fact that we have never used our
power except in defense of ourselves.
The one exception was when we at
tacked Spain, but we finished that
war by making Cuba independent,
and we have given practical inde
pendence to the Philippines. When
that is our record, no nation has
cause for alarm unless it has some
evil designs which we might thwart.
If Japan has no such designs, it has
nothing o fear from us.
sufficiently clear to make the rela
tionship interesting. The address to
the American people issued by the
institute proposes that the historic
events alluded to shall be celebrated,
beginning June 4, with an educa
tional programme in all the public
schools. The United States commis
sioner of education approves the
plan, and 25,000 schools already
have been appealed to. There are.
this reminds us, about 760,000 public
school teachers in the United States,
all of whom owe more than most of
them realize to the insistence on the
paredness. War was declared on
April 6, but Sims was informed of
the department's policy on July 10,
more than three months later. Dur
ing those three months losses of
shipping had reached such alarming
proportions that Sims had said that,
if they continued, they would be dis
astrous. Mr. Daniels talks much of camou
flage. His own 'reports are nothing
but camouflage designed to cover his
own utter unreadiness, his lack of a
plan when the war was declared, his
unpardonable delays in equipping
truth implanted on this continent! ships and sending them to the war
when the Pilgrims came. zone, bis delays in building more
jFALLttra TRICES.
Conditions leading to decline of
prices all over the country are ad
mittedly 'too complex to warrant off
hand interpretation, but the situa
tion is rife with possibilities. Re
ports of federal reserve banks indi
cate that credit volume has de
creased, and there are reports from
textile districts of curtailment of
production, while at the same time
shortage of labor on the farms has
already been reflected in reduced
plantings. How the latter will affect
prices of foodstuffs remains to be
seen.
Some of the trade publications
are suggesting that present price
concessions are made to clean up
stocks and that when this has been
done there will be another ad
vance. The one thing that stands
out is that those who want to buy
cheaper are now having an opportu
nity to do so, and that having had a
taste of lower prices, they may .be
slower to buy at higher ones. So far
as reduction of output may concern
non-essentials, it cannot be an un
mixed evil.
If manufacturers see in the trenC
The first permanent free colony
planted on American soil furnishes
an occasion for celebration pecu
liarly fitting in the present circum
stances of the United States. This
is set forth appropriately in the ad
dress of the Sulgrave institute, out
lining the plans and purposes of the
proposed nation-wide celebration. A.
significant paragraph is:
The year 1020 being a historic anniver
sary year, as well as the fifth year of
overmuch da-neerous propaganda and loos i
statements by public characters. It would !
seem to be vitally essential that mere
should be brought to the consciousness of
the American people In & great national
celebration the meaning and priceless
worth of our free institutions: and that
Americans everywhere should challenge
with these free institutions of the English-speaking
world the false principles
and vicious practices of the extreme rad
ical and. all 'those who would conspire
against orderly self-government and
American national well-being.
The good that men do lives after
them. John Robinson survived in
the Pilgrims, as the underlying spirit
of the Pilgrims lives in Americans
now. But their experience was not
less instructive than the ideas that
they brought with them when they
came. They learned about thene
cessity for adaptation, and for adjust
ment to the needs of -a, growing
and heterogeneous population. We
would not belittle the Pilgrims, but
in celebrating their coming we would
call attention also to all that has
been accomplished by those who
came after them. American progress
is bound up in events that have come
to pass since then. In our celebra
tion we shall consider not only the
seed that was planted, but the har
vest that resulted from it. .The
propaganda for Americanism, for
which the events of 300 years ago
are a fitting text, will acquire force
if it. dweils on the whole history of
the past three centuries of political
progress by evolution in America.
ships and his general muddling. He
does not answer what Sims has said
because he cannot, and his attacks
on the admiral display the venom
of a failure who has been found out.
any national convention will be under f the times an inducement to turn
LUMU1UK lllt.1.1 ULLUM1D its tlUJ l.nuuiui..
unless he shall have received a ma
jority of all the votes.
The Oregonian makes this recom
mendation at a time when it does
tial sort, the country will be all the
better off.
THE PILGRIM TERCENTENARY,
No section of the United States
not know whether Wood or Johnson Iacks reason for interest in the cele
has carried the state. "" I bratlon of the tercentenary of the
landing of the Pilgrim Fathers,
mnHrR farfs VKXT tnougn tenacity oi new .cngiauuers
Th. nomtv iimi th. ttirM mtas- to tradition may have created the
ures eliminating cr reducing extraor- impression that the affair Is more or
H.rv rha.i l.iH xninsi the street ls exclusively a New England m-
railway company have failed pro- " minimus iciinu.. re
duces another, certainty. Portland is tween the history of the Pacific slope
undoubtedly facing an increase in and that ot the JNew England states
fares , gives an especial fillip to the observ-
The point that was seemingly over- anc r B?as- ., A. BOOd .!
looked by a majority of the voters in ot "-e spirit of the PUgr ms existed
... . . In the nioneprs of the wst who trace
the election is that a street-car riae - -- r .
... . ,, ,. vt u their lineage to the northeast. - The
which actually costs those who sell ...
.. . . . . . . . craving for adventure was not alto-
it more than 6 cents cannot long be
... . . i , . , , mi.i.. . . I KCUtei ueaiiB lui wmci uuci i y ui mc
maintained at that figure. This must material sense Cannv
be true whether the street railway P"T , f.? ? 7
company continues in possession of . ,,. ,,,.
Ilo -v n. a -tr nrnno Vinmlr nt V 11 yw a
.10 KKJ, """ "I"" ' la,T In the cniril,,.,! .once Tl. r,a
it over to municipal ownership. The ., , , . , . " . ,
, it j i i tional character of the proposed cele-
Iatter, the visionary remedy looked
forward to by many persons, has not
proved itself in Seattle, where popu
lation is but little more than Port
land, and where the car-riding habit
is more general than in this city.
Seattle, after continued monthly
losses, now looks forward to a 7-cent
fare with an additiond 1-cent charge
for transfers.
Probably the relief measures de
feated Friday would not have been
ufficient wholly to prevent an in
crease in fares in Portland, but their
adoption would have prevented so
substantial an advance as is now in
prospect. The measures were as
fairly to be called relief measures
for the car riders as they were to be
termed relief measures for the com
pany. What will now be an addi-
ional Increase in fares would have
,m i-., bent f thRlr minj8 m tnat direc
tion. The free school was the prod
uct of the pilgrim idea nurtured in
amendments carried. The small tax
payer, who is usually a daily car
CHANCKS FOR OLD AGE,
The widely prevalent but mistaken
belief that our chances are smaller
than they used to be of living to a
great ago receives a setback from the
study of vital statistics made by the
actuary of a large insurance com
pany. Instead, the proportion of in
dividuals of higher age i increasing
steadily. In 1890 thirty-nine per
sons in every 1000 living in the regis
tration area of the United States were
sixty-five years of age or over; in
1910, the last year for which official
figures were available, the number
had increased to forty-three. It is
certain, judging from figures ob
tained by insurance companies from
their own records, that the propor
tion will be still further increased in
the census of 1920. There is, how
ever, a good deal of room for im
provement. In Ireland, where the
proportion of population in the
higher ages is the greatest of any
country in the world. 100 in every
1000 are sixty-five years old or more
The proportion in France is eighty
five in every 1000. A number of
countries exceed the record for the
United States, but none, it is pointed
out. is showing improvement as con
sistent as has marked our progress
In thirty years.
The result is due rather to meas
ures for reduction of infant mortal
ity than to definite progress with the
maladies associated with later life,
but the fact remains that our life
- expectancy increases. A greater num.
ber than ever are carried success
fully through the perils of infancy
and youth to become subject finally
to the maladies of middle age. Th
seemingly anomalous situation ex
ists that more die in middle life than
formerly, yet more reach sixty-fiv
than did so a generation ago. Those
who weather the two crises of in
fancy and middle life are the prime
risks. The life expectancy of indi
viduals at sixty-five is now greate
than it ever has been since th
making of vital statistics was begun.
It will surprise some persons to be
told that the life prospect of whi
persons at this age is greater than
that of colored persons by nearly
two years for men and more tha
one year for women. Country folk
continue to live longer than their
bration, which may occupy the greater
part of this year, beginning in June
and continuing at least until after
Armistice day, November 11, is
obvious.
Names prominent in our history as
the result of the coming of the May
flower, and of the immigration which
resulted from that irfitial voyage, are
names of men and women to whom
we owe a great deal of the develop
ment of our institutions. It will not
be contended that the Pilgrims at
tained perfection, but they excelled
in the respect that they were satis-
fled with nothing less. They did not
complete the making of free institu
tions, as free institutions are under
stood in America now, but they were
pioneers in the work. They did not
bring free speech with them, or even
SECRETARY DAXIEI.S" CAMOUFLAGE".
By his charges that Admiral Sims
was pro-British, that he tried to
Prussianize the navy and that he
plagiarized a speech of Senator Pen
rose, Secretary of the Navy Daniels
tries to divert attention from the real
questions at issue between him and
the admiral, for his charges are en
tiroly irrelevant to that question. But
his charges are either false or with
out point.
At a time when he was required to
co-operate with the British in a war
in which the two countries were
fighting for a common cause. It was
Sims' duty to be pro-British to the
extent that he should aid the British
effort so. far as it promoted that
cause. There is no evidence that he
did more.
There was no more danger that
establishment of a naval staff would
Prussianize the navy by placing it
under military instead of civil con
trol than there has been that the
army would be Prussianized by the
existence of an army general staff.
The only danger that the array
would be Prussianized consists in a
weak-kneed secretary of war such
as Secretary Baker, who is ignorant
of and out of sympathy with military , career when Mrs. Fry died in 1845,
affairs. The authority to direct naval . The stories told by the biographers
operations in the war area which
;..i .i ruj v,.. i"''
' ' , favorable son. They were the pio
,v,iu,uv ., uw .. ....... w.u
, i , -1 . t-f rti y -iHnr V, rrr r atar li . -i 1, I J
r ... ', . w -r . ,. I education. It is necessary to view
of this portion of the burden would
have been paid by the larger tax-
in their true perspective the abuses
r9 liharlv m V, i r. Vi 1 1, 1111 V, i . -V, .i . v. . i
payers who contribute but seldom to Ij of perpetrating.
the company's revenues yet profit
greatly from existence and mainte
nance of street car service
It will be wondered, perhaps, how
greatly the course of human progress
would have been changed, or how
much it would have been accelerated
it among the party that set out for
these shores from Holland in 1620 in
and that ultimately
. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE.
To realize the work of Florence
Nightingale It is necessary to remem
ber the methods of caring for the
sick that prevailed when she began
her work. On the continent of Eu
rope the Catholic sisters were the
only capable nurses. In Florence
Nightingale's own country nursing
was regarded as a base profession.
on a par with that of the barmaid.
Charles Dickens drew a faithful pic
ture of the type when he created
Sairey Gamp in "Martin Chuzzlewlt."
Hospitals were badly organized, and
as dirty and insanitary as the worst
slum homes. The barest essentials
of antisepsis were not even thought
of, public hospitals were confined
chiefly to the. isolation of patients
suffering from contagious diseases.
and the perfunctory work of nursing
when it was done at all was "in the
hands," as Miss Nightingale herself
has said, "of the . coarsest type of
women, not only untrained, but cal
lous in feeling, and often ot low
character." People "believed it re
quired nothing but a disappointment
in love, the want ot an object, a gen
eral disgust or incapacity for. other
things to turn a woman into a good
nurse." Miss Nightingale was once
reminded by this deplorable situa
tion of a parish where a stupid old
man was set to be schoolmaster be
cause he was beyond keeping the
pigs. This was the prevailing situa
tion less than a century ago.
Florence Nightingale, who was
born 100 years ago, devoted 12 years
to training before she began her
work of reform. There are a million
Americans still living who were
alive when Lister made his first dis
covery of the principles of antisepsis,
out of which grew the entire sys
tem of sanitation-which he and Louis
Pasteur made possible. Miss Night
ingale was 22 years old before an
anesthetic was first used to deaden
the pain of a surgical operation, and
she was 26 before anesthesia re
ceived public recognition. When the
Crimean war found the French and
the British in alliance to protect the
Turk against the Russian, the British
army was practically without a com
missary, and its medical Staff was
at a low ebb. The condition of mili
tary hospitals at home was inde
scribable; that of hospitals in the
field was worse. Deaths from disease
in the Crimean- campaign were at
the rate of 60 per cent of the forces
engaged. The sick were tended only
by the sick. Epidemics such as we
have since then learned to combat or
to forestall took toll by regiments.
An army of 28,000 men at one place
was threatened with annihilation.
without receiving so muchfas
scratch from the enemy's weapons.
Elizabeth Fry, who gave Florence
Nightingale her inspiration, was born
in 1780. xviiss Nightingale was
25 and was well embarked on her
humanitarianism is latent in most
people, even in the "hard-boiled"
disciplinarian and the bureaucrat en
meshed in his own red tape. She in
variably carried her point, but what
is more important, tne tnings sne
showed to be worth doing have been
done ever since.
When you want a thing done par
ticularly well, you get a busy man
to do it- With a change of sex, the
adage applied to Miss Nightingale
with all its force. Her administrative
genius was amazing, her pluck and
capacity for labor beyond compare;
but it is not recorded of her that she
ever declined a duty on the plea that
she did not have time. In those
memorable days at Scutari no detail
escaped her. Even after her com
parative retirement, . due to broken
health, she accomplished more than
most persons do when in full posses
sion of all their physical powers.
Queen Victoria envied her and ad
mitted that she wished she had a
Florence Nightingale in the war of
fice. It is a singular distinction for
any woman to have it said of her
that she accomplished . more lasting
BY-PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES
Life's Story May Be Told Easily im
Words ( Oh Syllable.
Writers who forever are strivingto
develop a vocabulary of long and odd
words to Impress the dear reader
would do well to remember that the
greatest things of human life are ex
pressed by words of not more than
five letters, writes E. P. in the Kansas
Kdltbr.
The word "I" claims first considera
tion under this classification. "1" con
tains the minimum as regards letters
and. casting blushes aside, really
stands above all things else with the
human herd.
Passing on to words of two letters.
"do" and "if" immediately suggest
themselves as being mighty factors in
the daily grind of human affairs.
At the head of the list of three
letter words stands "God," followed
by "air," the most essential of the
essential. In this list, too, is "war,"
also "law" and" "art." Continuing,
a most disagreeable trio appears in
"tax," "owe" and "dun," each unde-
Come Dream With Me.
Br Grace K. HalL
work than' in y general. One wholnlably mixed up with man's little
thinks the estimate extravagant
needs only to cast up the results that
have flowed from, her efforts to be
convinced.
An additional argument against
war is supplied by the invention of
the French lieutenant, Delamare
Maze, which is said 'to double the
range of guns of the pattern with
which Paris was bombarded by the
Germans, and which its inventor be
lieves will be adaptable, to machine
guns and rifles, with similar effect.
In the case of the "Big Bertha,"
It would increase the Initial velocity
from 2625 to 4675 feet a second and
the total range to 150 miles. The
area behind the battle front thus
subject to bombardment would be
so enormously increased that some
of the smaller countries would have
the greater part .of their civilian
population exposed to fire once the
enemy gained the frontier. A nation
equipped with a battery of guns like
those could by a surprise attack prac
tically end a war before it had fairly
begun. Evidence multiplies that the
war of the future will be a war of
annihilation, of populations as well
as armies. The 150-mile gun is only
one of many not-extravagant possibilities.
Come, dream with me in the morning
sun
Of the things you wish might be.
And choose a path that shall lead you
far
On a wonderful pleasure trip:
Sail on at will 'til the day is done.
O'er a marvelous singing sea.
while you reign supreme in your
golden dream.
And muse in your mystio ship.
Come, dream with me of the hopea
you lost. ,'
Of the joys of long ago, '
The sun-god trims ths eastern sk
Ith banners of red and gold;'
Forget the pain that the years have
cost, 1
Forget all their hopeless woe,
Ana sail, in tne sun 'til the,' day la
none, t
With a heart that is free apd bold!
O. we must return when ttaa : !ght is
here, ,'
But still it is well to go,
ror wings unused will losa their skill.
And the mind will lose its gleam:
Then up and away where the wild
winds blow. 1
O'er valleys and purple hill, -
w hue the soul shall grow from the
warmth and glow
That comes from a happy dream:
VOIR WORDS,
A wind there was that blew.
Soft And full of the promise of spring.
Flowers blossomed and grew.
E'en old things took on a life anew
As the soft, promising spring wind
blew.
A wind there" was. that blew
A harsh wind, cruel and icy cold.
It made all things seem old,.
Withered and tarnished, fading and
gray.
The harsh wintry wind that blew that
day.
whirl. Then come two words of great
argument, "wet" and "dry," and at
the end the most populor noun and
verb, "pie", and "eat.'
In words of four letters there are
"life" itself and many of the most
vital things of lite "love, home, hope,
food, work, news, rest, song, hair,
bald, golf. vote. bank, rent and coal.
. Finally comes the five-letter group
containing the beginning and the end
of man's story "birth, heart, blood,
faith, woman, money, child, mirth
drink (water, milk or tea, of course)
dance, motor, train, paper, ouija, sleep
death and grave,
So why seek long words to tell the
tales of life, when cash big. vital
thing Is short, when one must spell it, I so words and thoughts may bring
and gives the hint, be brief, old Top, I Hope and promise of life as the
be brief-" spring,
Or snatch the. Joy away
Lord Byron had his peculiarities. At " " Sul oecr-
a dinner given by a banker he was So mrj your thoughts and words
asked if he would take soup. "No., he I They will go forth as the winged
never tooic soup. Would he have tnings.
spreading your presence with speed
ing wings.
I Shall it be life, the promise of spring
wun nope ana joy - and faith that
they bring.
NEEDLESS ALARM IN JAPAN.
Japanese newspapers show dis
quiet at the presence of half of the I the Speedwell
American fleet in the Pacific ocean I became the Mayflower expedition
and at the proposed additions to the had been John Robinson, leader ot
navy. They say that no one would I the early Separatist movement that
nvade the United States with a large resulted in the emigration from
army, therefore they cannot see why England to Amsterdam in 1608, and
we should increase ours to 270,000 1 which was the forerunner of the
men. The Torozu eays: movement to America. Robinson
If the real Intention of America l to 1 was probably the originator of the
menace oriental countries, her lip pacifism j(jca. Though his congregation was
ce'iving the world. growing in prosperity in an adopted
A sue-eestion that the Japanese country, it was ne wno saw ma
peace society "should demand that there was no hope for permanence
its counterpart in America should there. He encouraged the second
start a movement to check her pro- emigration, which was the inception
gramme for the extension of arma- of the whole western movement, but
ments" follows. The Jiji argues that remamea mnma w.in tne oiaer ua
America finds no menace in Eu- weaKer meraoera ot nis congregation,
ropa" and says that if American intending to follow the majority in
armament is aimed at Great Britain, due time. He died in Leyden in 1625,
that country will build as many ships before he could realize his purpose.
as the ITnited States. It wishes that nut it seems to De agreed mat ne
we "will not open the ball, for com- was the dominating force among the
netition in armament extension." Pilgrims prior to tne negira ana
sooiits the idea of war between the that, more than Bradford or Brow
United States and Japan unless ster or any others or nis associates.
Japanese pride is injured, predicts he was large-minaea ana toieram,
renewal of the British-Jananese alii- was oniy ou wnen ne men.
ance and that this "will mean the The principles for which he stood
continuance of Jaoan's co-oneraUon prevailed in tne una. wannooa sur
with the Antrlo-Saxon race." frage, which the first settlers did not
There is no cause for alarm on nave, came in time as tne result ot
the part of Japan in American naval education for which men and women
nolicv unless J a nan Itself should eive or tne fiigrim type were always avia.
cause. That oolicv is the result of Not all of our political progress was
the war. Formerly the great danger to tnose xecnnicauy constituting
of war was on the Atlantic, therefore tne juaynower party. mere were
the battle fleet was kept on thatotnera. left behind in England, who
ocean. There is now no more dan- na not joineu in me escape to noi
eer of war from one nuarter than land, in whom the same sentiments
another, therefore the fleet is about were stirrin- We are reminded of
equally divided between the two tne iar-reacning innuence of Komn
coasts. RaDid arrowth of our com- son and his close advisers by the ad-
merce on the Pacific is a further rea- drcsa Just Issued by the Sulgrave
son for that course. institute, an organization of leading
Nor is there cause to regard
men and women of the United States
American naval expansion as ei-1 taltinar its name from the Washing
rected against anv narticular nation I ton ancestral home in England.
Before the war the administration Washington was not directly of the
ar.a congress wer io .completely 1 PUcrn stock, but the connection is
Sims asked was no more than Gen
eral Pershing was given and exer
cised over the army throughout the
war. To Pershing's possession of
such authority and to prompt com
pliance with his calls for men and
material were due his influence in
allied councils, contributing power
fully to victory and the decisive part
which American troops took in win
ning it. If Sims had been given like
authority and support, he might have
shown better results with the navj
or could have been called to account
for failure.
Daniels' reason for not giving Sims
the authority and support that he
asked is in substance that he could
not trust Sims. Then he should have
recalled the admiral and should have
replaced him with a man whom he
could trust. He cannot evade respon
sibility for placing a man whom he
distrusted in a position where im
plicit confidence and unhesitating
support were essential to the great
est measure, of success, and for then
having denied the man that support
because he did not repose the re
quired confidence. He should have
either backed up or recalled Sims.
It is immaterial whether the
charges made by Sims originated
with him or with Penrose The sole
question to be decided is: "Are they
true?"
Sims says that the navy depart
ment started the war without a plan.
Daniels' own dispatches prove it.
During the first six months of the
war, when losses of ships were so
heavy that the allies were in real
danger of being driven at best to
compromisa peace, Sims" calls for
more ships and more officers were
either turned down or compliance
was long delayed, and his recom
mendations s to policy were . re
jected. When Admirals Mayo and
Benson went to London, they renewed
the call for ships and officers and
they were sent; they repeated the
recommendations and - tffese were
adopted. This was notably tha case
in regard to Bending a squadron of
dreadnoughts. When Sims advised
it, the objection was made that the
department intended to keep the
battle fleet a unit, not to disintegrate
it. When they advised it on Novem
ber 8, 1917, Daniels consented on
November IS, without discussion, to
disintegrate the fleet.
One of Sims' first recommenda
tions was that the convoy system be
adopted and he frequently repeated
it. Daniels stuck to escort of single
ships carrying especially important
cargoes and to placing guns with
naval crews on merchant ships in
general as late as June 24, 1917.
Sims insisted on convoys and in
formed Daniels on June 28, 1917,
that Britain had decided on that
plan.. Daniels assented on July 2 by
ordering five destroyers from Asiatic
waters, whence they could not arrive
for a month, and seven cruisers from
the Atlantic coast for convoy duty.
These delays were In large meas
ure due to lack of a policy, this be
ing an element of general unpre-
of the latter, as to conditions in hos
pitals and almshouses, in- prisons and
slums, in army camps and aboard
convict ships, now read like chapters
from medieval history. They seem
nearer to the present when it is
borne in mind that Miss Nightingale
died only 10 years ago. In a single
lifetime the revolution was organized
and the results realized. The ma
terial, no less than the humanitarian,
aspect of the social order has under
gone complete change. Nothing con
tributed more than the work of Mrs.
Fry to the reform of the system of
correction and imprisonment or to
the beginning of the movement for
eradication of slums, and this paved
the way to public education In cog
nate matters. Miss Nightingale fur
ther induced people to look into their
institutions. When, as the result of
her ministrations at Scutari, the
British death rate in military hos
pitals, which for February, 1856, was
42 per cent, dechned to 2 per cent,
people began to understand that care
of the sick and wounded was not a
matter to be left to the ignorant and
incompetent, and the profession of
trained nurse received its first note
worthy impetus. The hospital which
she founded in London with the
funds presented to her as a test!
monial by a grateful people was pri
marily a training school for nurses.
In it were taught the rudiments of
diet for the sick, cleanliness so far
as was possible under existing clr
cumstances, and above all necessity
for regarding nursing as a profession
requiring scientific training as well
as emotional desire
A good many thoughts crowd upon
one who contemplates the progress
that has been . made since Florence
Nightingale's time, and, we think, as
the direct result of the- work she
did. Her biographies are full of allu
sions to the common attitude of the
public, of those in authority, toward
the humanities. When she wrote to
the British war secretary to offer her
services in the Crimean crisis, her
letter was crossed by one in which
that official suggested that "a num
ber of sentimental and enthusiastic
ladies turned loose in the hospital at
Scutari would probably after a few
days be mises a la porte, by those
whose business they would interrupt
and whose authority they would dis
pute." She proposed to supply books
and amusement for the soldiers, well
as well as sick. "You are spoiling
I the brutes," was the answer of a
British onicer. it, was typical or tne
period. She suggested that facili
ties be provided for the men to send
part of their pay to their dependents
at home. . "The British soldier," was
the answer,-"is not a remitting ani
mal." We need only to remember,
the "books for soldiers" drives con
ducted during the recent war, the
especial inducements offered sol
diers to care for their home folks,
the many welfare movements not
only permitted but connived at by
governments, to realize how, -intense
the Nightingale spirit became in 60
years. The philosophy of Miss
Nightingale was that the spirit of
In some parts of the world a new
idea of gardening is being developed
It Is called' "painting the landscape."
and it consists in planting flowering
shrubs in such quantities across the
rolling meac'ows that they become a
part of, if they do not dominate, the
view. It may be wondered how
many people who have lived long in
Oregon appreciate the natural colors
of their landscape, which needs no
painting to make It beautiful. Just
now it is spring, and the new growth
of the firs is standing out in sharp
contrast against the darker green.
The dogwood is in bloom. Currant
has given place to broom. White.
pink, yellow, a dozen shades' of green
greet the eye at every point. Next
month it will be different but no less
beautiful. Throughout the seasons
there is frequent change. The ever
greens last all winter through and
respond to every variation of light.
Nature does its own painting of the
landscape in Oregon.
It would be folly to desire that
prices fall suddenly with a crash, for
that would destroy much legitimate
wealth and would injure the con
sumer with the producer. What is
needed is a steady, gradual decline to
the level that accords with after-war
conditions. This cannot be as low
as before the war, for war taxes
must be paid for many years, the de
struction of war must be repaired
out of surplus earnings, and labor
has risen to a new standard of wages
from which it will not recede all the
way to the old standard. The only
real losers will be those who have
speculated on the world's misfor
tunes. Others will be compensated
for the sudden growth of these men's
fortunes by seeing them as suddenly'
shrink, for those who get rich quick
become popr as quickly.
some fish? "No, he never ate fish."
Presently mutton was pressed upon
him. "No, he disliked mutton ex
ceedingly." The host, at a loss, in
quired if he might not give him some Try make it-so today.
wine. "No, he never tasted wine." It God for strength to thee we pray.
became necessary to ask the roet MRS. SOUTHARD.
what he did eat and drink, and he re-
Dlied: "Nothlnir riut hard hlsr-uit anil I EXTX'SE M"
soda water." Unfortunately, the host Eucuse me if all those endearing
could not provide these, and Byron ,5'ou,nR charms
finally dined on mashed potatoes over w!hi rj5"Vv "tnrrowV,0,? fi ,
which he poured vinegar. The host Were f" JS,?" a"d
subsequently met a friend of Byron's I should likewise be drifting away,
and said: "How long will Lord Byron Thou wouldst not be adored when thy
persevere in his present diet?" The
answer was: "Just as long as you con
tinue to notice it." The host discov
ered that Byr6n had gone from his
house the night of the dinner and par
taken of a hearty meal at his club.
beauty is gone.
Even though for my love thou
shouldst pine.
For around the poor ruin grown
wrinkled and old
My heart strings shall refuse to entwine.
Gum chewing and shoddy English
go together,. Professor Lewis Worth-
ington Smith, head of the English de
partment of Drake university, told
members of the-English teachers' sec
tion of the central division, Iowa
State, Teachers' association, at Pes
Moines. '
"Correct English is not an academic
matter, but a social matter,
Profesor Smith. "1 have a very strong
feeling that a student who chews gum
will not care whether he says "done"
or 'did.'"
The secondary schools are not so
much to blame, according to Profes
Tis only while beauty and youth art
thine own
And thy cheeks unprofaned by a
tear.
That the dear loving heart In this
bosom of mine
Will not answer thy love with a
jeer.
No. a heart cannot truly love one who
is old, -Be
her character pure as the snow;
said Then be thou prepared, O fair maiden
of mine.
When my love for you surely must
go. A. H.
MAY.
May! the beautiful, glorious month of
Ma v
sor Smith, for the crime against prop- I With something new budding out
er speech committed by the college . every day;
While orchards are white
student as home environment and
childjiood companions.
I correct certain common errors
every time they arise," he said. "If
a student says 'seems like a smile
ith blos
soming trees,
Andj fruits are green with fresh young
leaves.
The .scent of lilacs Is in the air.
will ro around the class. They all AH nature seems to be free from care,
know it is wrong end that I will say I Tne robin is singing to his mate In
something about it. Tet there are
pupils who attend my classes for
three years and still say 'seems like.'
"I cannot, therefore, expect the high Like the life of a bate with its future
schools to eliminate errors when I I untoioing.
the nest;
How happy were we if so free from
unrest!
fail. If you would reform the speech
There is some comfort for the
cities that fail to show expected in
creases of population in the thought
that if they had come up to expecta
tions their housing problems would
be too serious to contemplate.
California raisin growers have re
ceived $33,000,000 for last year's
crop, which may have been but a
drop in the .bucket by comparison
with the proceeds from the yield of
raisin mash.
So May is the promise of all things
ennohllno-
f your pupils you must reform the Dh. that our lives could be kept fresh
schools. I and clean,
I believe we ought to have more I As a sweet May morning with its
teaching of formal grammar in the ' new-oorn green:
schools.
the reading of good literature to form I
correct habits qf speech. That is well As the spring forgives the winter
H9 tCb! AQ lb U I. . UU1 111 C S 1 11 U C 1 1 1 1 1
xposed to so much more shoddy Eng
lish in his everyday life that reading
alone will not suffice.
He should be shown errors, and
made to think out for himself the rea
son why the correct form is sanc
tioned. He should look dp the I As the grass forgives the battle
Nathan Straus says he wants to
die poor. Carnegie said the same
thing. There Is a chance for Mr
Straus to distinguish himself by
showing that it can really be done.
etymology of words. Through his
sense for governing himself he will be
happy to adopt what he himself has
found out." Des Moines Register.
What could loo-k better in a gar
den than a few rbws of potatoes,
which when in bloom are as hand
some as any lily and a good deal
more useful in the winter time.
There are those who actually be
lieve that Scotland will go for prohi
bition. Evidently the Scotch believe
that Bobby Burns wrote enough good
poetry to last for all time."
Blasco Ibanez has promised .to
give us the solution of the Mexican
riddle In his forthcoming book, "The
Eagle and the Snake." It may have
a finish like "King Lear."
"Crowds attracted by reduced
prices buy $850,000 worth of furs,'
says a headline in a St. Louis news
paper. Marked down from SI, 000,-
000, perhaps.
Congress will fight shy of legis
lating on the scarcity of print paper.
The Congressional Record is too
vulnerable a point.
The man who isn't throwing his
liberty bonds on the market can view
their decline in price, with absolute
equanimity.
Bath, Me., shows an increase of 5
per cent in population. Not due.
however, to an Invasion of bolshevik!.
The Mexicans seem to be acting
on the theory that any change is a
change for the better.
Sweet are the uses of adversity
was not coined by a man caught
profiteering in sugar.
May must have made a mistake
somewhere. It seems to think that
it Is March.
MRS FREDERICK WENTZEL.
Sifting lilies o'er his temples.
Braiding violets round his brow;
As the morn forgives the darkness
For a long and Btarless night.
Binding up her dusky tresses
With a thousand loops of light;
Growing green above each tomb.
That the dead may rest -more sweetly
In each silent, sunless room;
As the sea forgives the river
For the poison in its tide.
Sending back the land's pollution
In a snow cloud white and wide.
It occurred at noon within the din
and scramble of a cafeteria.
She was about 12 years nld. Her I So let human hearts give pardon
comely features were given a studious
aspect by the horn-rimmed glasses
perched upon her nose. Her bobbed
black hair was caught up by a blue
silk ribbon bow carefully exact.
She carried her tray to a table In
the center of the room.
The rattle at the tables went into
diminuendo and ceased. Men and wom
en carrying trays gaped with open
mouths. Persons seated became rigid
For the scars they have to wear.
Breathing-mercy round about them
Like rose petals on the air.
GUY FITCH PHELPS.
HIS MASTERPIECE.
When the master artist raised his
brush
To paint the garden spot of earth
Upon his canvas dark and gray.
He gave the snow-crowned moun
tains birth.
ll'I.I. 1 . 111.. .. - valla
"" " With silvery Iakas and wateriaus,
nusnea.
For the child had clasped her hands
before her, bent her head and closed
her eyes. Her lips moved for a full
minute. She was saying grace.
Mirrors of the star-lit sky
At whose feet the giant fir
Lifts its cross on high;
Where bright-winged birds their
voices raise,
.,..1, , tin .- Timine.
There were some in the room who , th. bro.d. deeD rivers life.
almost blushed," one observer re- Whose granite walls and wooded
ported. "During the half hour after- hills
ward everyone was quieter. I guess Cast their shadows, as they pass
they were thinking remembering Through flowery valleys, broad and
about along the, lines that I was." I iair. i h ...t
TV IICIC n Vliull u.h - ,
fume
Of roses fill the air.
As on they glide with hurrying
feet.
And out-stretched arms the sea to
greet.
He wrote beneath his masterpiece,
"Oregon."
LAURA MORGAN.
Chicago Herald and Examiner.
.
The Welsh Guards have changed
their name to the Welch Gaurds in
accordance with the ancient spelling.
A British army order announces that
King George has approved the amend
ment- To be correct, one should write
Welch rabbit or Is It rarebit? That
dispute is still open and neither King I SHORTCAKE ISLAND.
George nor anybody else can decide It, I There are many, many islands,
says the New Tork Globe. 1 Icebound ones in Arctic seas;
Coral -reezea in aoutn nea laiauge,
The final chapter in the financial Wondrous isies inv, e anu P--
history ot the Confederate State, of ""Ung.d in sea of cream.
America were written in the treasury Lusciou. wdge of berry shortcake.
Is the island oi my tnerue.
department the other day, when 60.-
000,000 dollars In Confederate money
was destroyed to relieve the congest
ed condition of the treasury vaults.
The currency comprised the "sinews
of war" in tha confederate treasury at
Richmond, and was seized by the fed
eral troops when the southern capl-J j would carry nothing with me
si wna runtured. Louisville Courier- I But a ladle and a spon.
lournal. JEANETTE MARTIN.
Oh. I'd like to be a fairy
In a crystal sugar coat.
All around an isle of shortcake
In a sea of cream to float;
Spending thus a rich vacation
Througn tne pertect oayi oi jam,