8
.fllE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, MAY 2, 1920
imflnn (Qrejrmtmt
KSfABWHED BY HEMtV L. FrTTOCK.
Published by Tba Oregonian Publishing Co.,
Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C lA. IIORDEN. E. B. PIPER.
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of system. We have departed far
from the method of government by
parties and gone back to the town
meeting plan with the secret . ballot
and the corrupt practices act as the
only novelties. " It is more reaction
ary than progressive.
EVERY ONE HIS OWX PLATFORM.
Nobody has gone to the trouble of
counting the number of political
platforms brought into existence in
Oregon by the present political cam
paign. Probably they number well
over one hundred. We shall- elect
sixty members of the lower house of
the legislature and about one-half
the membership of thirty in the state
senate. Each candidate for each
place has made his own platform.
Perhaps in some one important par
ticiiJar a large number of candidates
are -on common ground; but if that
is so, nobody knows anything about
it. On other matters a candidate
here and there stands on a platforom
that no other candidate has seen fit
to mention.
For the purpose of illustration
only there may be cited the aspirant
for nomination to the legislature
who is out openly for a modification
of the prohibition law to permit the
sale of beer and light wines. What
he will do or can hope to do in a
body composed of ninety members
none of whom are pledged to the
same purpose or indeed ae likely to
be swayed by the most engaging elo
quence on the subject from him if he
shall be elected is one of the things
that nobody will stop to wonder over.
His platform will attract a certain
support, hopeless yet rebellious. So
It is with most of the others. Each
one elected will go to Salem on his
own hook, bound by no party prin
ciples and representing only himself
and his -own iceas.
The purpose herein is to contrast
again the Oregon system with that of
. the neighboring state of Washington.
The;republican party in Washington
has-Tnot abandoned the true direct
primary principle and has even in its
convention assembled at Bellingham
declined emphatically to endorse the
advisory convention method of
centering party support on one of
the several self-chosen aspirants for
each state office. Yet it holds
platform convention. At Belling
ham approximately one thousand re
publicans representing every portioi
of the state were actually in attend
ance. Each county delegation chose
"one member to represent it on a
committee entrusted with the draft
lng of a party platform. The product
of that committee was, except as to
one issue, unanimously adopted by
the committee and later by the con
vention without dissent. The dele
gates found a common purpose for
which candidates for state office and
for the legislature could seek the
favor of political office.
Instead of a multiplicity of pledges
as is the case in Oregon, there are
certain policies which all candidates
must endorse if they would continue
to be considered republican candi
dutes. In May the democrats in
Washington will meet in Spokane
and they there will define the party
principles and policies on which all
good democrats must stand.
Thus in Washington there has
been a party expression by the re
publicans on national issues and
there will be one by the democrats.
The republicans have considered
state problems likewise. ,They have
pledged the party to a reduction in
the number of state departments and
offices and the elimination of over
lapping and duplicating depart
ments; they have pronounced in
favor of better pay for school teach
ers, for an improvement of the state
budget system, for withdrawal ot
public support from educational in
stitutions which foster or permit un
American propagandizing among
their students. Upon these and upon
otlter. issues a united stand is prom
lsed." ,
The Oregon direct primary law in
Its preamble makes brave pretense
of upholding the integrity of political
parties. But in its text it makes
scant provision for carrying out its
announced intent. In Oregon a re
publican cannot say why he is a re
publican and a democrat cannot say
why he is a democrat until aftr the
national conventions have met.' Each
is left to rely upon past tradition
and past inclinations upon faith
that these traditions and these in
, clinations will be again carried out
in the great national gatherings. No
republican, no democrat has or can
secure a voice in national platform
mak-rtig. Delegates, to be sure, are
elected by vote of the people to th
two conventions, but they go without
instiujetions in the form of party
resolutions; they are instructed only
as tcC the state'schoice of individuals
for presidential nominations.
Oregon offers no party pronounce
ment, on important issues for consid
eration by the national leaders. It
sejrrls on John Smith as a delegate
because he is John Smith. In all
matters of party policy everything is
oVoji'i for us nationally by persons not
of Oregon. As for state issues, mem
bers of the state legislature and the
state officers are pledged to nothing
except that which each may have
chosen to endorse. While elected
as party members there is no party
rgiadnsibility. The responsibility is
vOKlTtdual. And in the legislature ,in-
dTrV''ua' responsibility cannot be
frae-d for failure of any personal pro
gr-iime or piatiorm. There are
nJJie'ty platforms. "There were
eIUty'-nine against me" is a perfect
In this respect the Oregon system
SAD RESULTS OF A HEADACHE.
Stephen Leacock, who is a pro
fessor of something or other in a
Canadian college, and who has a. cer
taln vogue in Amerfca as a writer ot
bromidic burlesques, has taken up
his' literary cudgels for the wets. He
has written to the London Times a
warning for all potential Immigrants
to keep away from the United States.
He solemnly tells the solemn readers
of the solemn Times that prohibition
is ' an" "appalling disaster" financed
by "feeble-minded philanthropy" and
upported by "brutal fanaticism."
He sees a dreafy future for all im
migrants to America, for "bitter re
gret will seize them." "Social life,"
says the gloomy Leacock, "and hos
pitality are reduced to. the level of
Sunday school feast. A dinner
party becomes a gorge, followed by
somnolence. A banquet is a feast of
cormorants followed by public lec
tures. A deadly seriousness per
vades all ranks, rendering work and
recreation indistinguishable. '
Professor Leacock is funniest
when he is serious. Or can it be
true that he wrote his astounding
fulmination after a visit to dry
America and in a fit of remorse
caused by overindulgence in home
brew? If so, he must have fallen
into the hands of a rank amateur.
One would think, of course, Jthat
the desiccated plight of America
is offensive to people of foreign birth
r ancestry who are accustomed to
their beverages, and who may even
desire to get -drunk on occasion, they
would be leaving the American pro
hibition desert en masse. But noth
ing of the kind is occurring.
What is happening is that a cer
tain candidate for president, who
oted dry in the senaie, is the white
man's hope of that foreign element
which has through many genera-
ions permitted its name to be ideln-
ified with beer. They have besides
unanimously turned their backs on
tnat political party which may
mildly support, the wet cause. Then,
again, it may not.
When Professor Leacock gets over
his headache, and can think and see
and write clearly, he will find that
the thoughts of America are not now
on prohibition. .
tung railroad "should be managed
on an economic, non-political basis."
If the senators who stood with
President Wilson against reserva
tions had voted for ratification with
reservations, or if the senators who
voted to kill the treaty with or with
out reservations had voted for rati
fication, the treaty would have been
ratified. The United States would
then have been aligned with other
nations in defense of the rights of
China and of the rights of -all na
tions in China, It is isolated in deal
ing with those matters through Mr.
Wilson's refusal to tolerate any way
of keeping 'peace and establishing
justice among nations except his
way and through determination of
the irreconcilable senators to de
stroy the only means offered for co
operation between this and other
nations, all on the pretense of up
holding Americanism and defending
China. Both America and China
have good cause -to pray for salva
tion from such friends.
NO APOLOGIES. '
The old democratic guard is ex
horted by State Senator Pierce to
stand pat, keep the faith and offer
no apologies. It is well enough for
the democratic party to say nothing
this year. What is there to say?
The Union county statesman,
through long experience, k n ow s
when it is time to lie low. The skies
are lowering, the clouds are mutter
ing, and any shelter is better than
nont in a storm.
What are the portents? Here, for
example, is that Literary Digest poll.
Eleven million voters have been
asked to tell whom they prefer for
the presidency. No discrimination
has been shown as to parties, but
all alike have been asked to stand
up and be counted. In round num
bers 500,000 have cast their straw
ballots. Of this great number 275,
770 are republican and 77,539 are
democrats.
What does the disparity of repre
sentation mean? Your democrat can
read and write, generally, despite the
old joke at the expense of his pre
sumed ignorance. Yet he is keeping
still, mostly. He has nothing to say.
or he is ashame'd to say it. There
are other Senator Pierces through
out me iana wno are preaching the
virtues of silence; and they are be
ing heeded.
The democratic numbness or
dumbness is markedly and mourn
fully observable in Oregon as well
as through the nation. At the of
fices of the O.-W. It. & N. company
there was a thorough poll the other
day, with a total of 442 votes. There
were 354 republicans and -88 democrats.
If anyone says that a railroad of
fice is a highbrow joint, let him look
&t the Peninsula shipyards. In .'the
poll there 137 republicans and 11
democrats responded. The republic
ans nearly all enrolled themselves
for Johnson, who is having one of
these rare spells of republicanism
which interrupt his picturesque po
litical course. That is the reason a
great many of the shipyard men are
repuDncans; but that is another
story. Yet it all shows the deserted
fortunes of the democrats.
Why should a democrat worrv?
He knows that the worst is yet to
come, and it is sound philosophy to
grin it ne can and bear it. .
CLOSING THE DOOR AT TSINGTAU,
Evidently the British-Japanese al
liance does not extend to British
merchants in China, for the latter
want the open door at Tsingtau on
Kau Chau bay, and they accuse
Japan of closing Mt against them.
The North China Standard, published
in. English at Pekin. contains a re
port of the annual meeting of the
British chamber of commerce ot
Shanghai, at which the president
A. W,- Burkill, said that the British
merchants at Tsingtau were "in full
sympathy with China in her natura
desire again to secure control of the
province" (Shantung). The article
continues:
..onsiaermff that Japan. In taking
.Lowibbau lJIe welp ot .British troops.
or.iy aid ner part as an ally. Japan's
Vi wtn l auiiuuu is nara to understand.
japan is taking deliberate steps to con
troi me wnoie land surrounding the
harbor. docks, wharves and railway
terminus anu is placing every obstacle in
the way of other nationals acquiring any
property In what undoubtedly is the
business center. Japan s policy at Tsing
tau admits of only one construction
namely, that she Is not going to allow
any other nation to have an opportunity
of trading on fair and equal terms with
her nationals.
This action of Japan does not
square with the promises of its
statesmen that "Tsingtau should be
open to all nations with equal op
portunUies to do business. ' Ameri
can merchants-are as much interest
ed as those of Great Britain in se
curing iulfillment of these promises,
but if 'the United States should at
tempt to hold Japan to its word
would not be in the strong position
which would have been afforded it
as a signatory of the Versailles
treaty and as a member of the league
of nations. In that event, this coun
try could have enlisted the aid of all
other signatories of the treaty an
of the entire league in forcing open
the door at Tsingtau and in keeping
it open. It could have invoked the
same aid in securing that which Mr.
Is not a system. It is the antithesis Burkill also desires that the Shan.'
AX AMERICAN FEUDAL SYSTEM.
Charles II of England, a monarch
addicted to pleasure but capable of
useful exertions, granted on May 2,
1670, 250 years ago today, to eight
een of his subjects a sheaf of rights,
privileges and monopolies the far
reaching consequences of which in
the history of North America the
most visionary of promoters could
hardly have forseen. This was the
charter of the famous Hudson's Bay
company. A little more than a cen
tury later the effects of the charter
began to be felt in Oregon. The
whole history of northern America
was profoundly influenced by this
truly remarkable document. It is a
paradox, but it came Lo pass, that a
distinctly feudal system by indirec
tion grew to be an instrument for the
spread of democracy in the new
world.
Charles was surrounded by enter
prising and impecunious advisers,
some of the greedy spirit of whom lie
must have absorbed. The old world,
stimulated by the discoveries of a
previous century, was turning to ad
venture and trade. If Henry Hud
son had persisted in his original plan
to seek the northwest passage to
India by way of Nova Zembla. if he
had not by sheer luck discovered the
bay that bears his name, if the
French adventurer Raddison had not
taken home with him a cargo of 600,
000 skins, if the intrepid New Eng-
lahder. Zachariah Gilliam, sailing a
king's ship, had not succeeded in es
tablishing a British fort in the far
north, the history of our own coun
try would have been written differ
ently. But these events led to the
chartering on that day two centuries
and a half ago of the "Governor and I
Company of Adventurers of England,
Trading into Hudson's Bay." That
was the full name of the Hudson's
Bay company. The Duke of York,
Charles' brother, was one of the
tockholders. Prince Rupert, "Count
Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Ba-
aria and Cumberland," etc.. the
king's cousin, was another. John
Portman of London, a goldsmith, is
the only member named who was
neither nobleman, knight nor es
quire. The historian, George Bryce.
aptly suggests that "he would seem
to have been very useful to the com
pany as a man of means."
The old charter was sufficiently
sweeping to satisfy the most avari
cious design. Like the charters of
the English colonies along the At
lantic coast, which were held to
carry with them a strip of land all
the way across the continent, it
atoned by large-hearted generosity
tor that which it lacked in definition
of metes and. bounds; unlike them.
its original grants were expanded
and not contracted with the lapse of
time, l he "nonsense of the charters"
alluded to by Lord Shelburne in the
settlement of the peace after the
American revolution was no non
sense in the American north and
west. Originally embracing a quar
ter of the now known area of North
America, it was enlarged bv acts of
the company's agents to include far
more than that. With a stroke of
his pen, Charles deeded into private
suzerainty an empire almost as large
as Europe. The company was em
powered to hold the whole trade of
an tne bays, rivers, creeks, sounds
and streights" tributary to Hudson's
straits. Streams rising near Take
superior find their way into Hud
son s Bay. The Red River of the
.North and the Saskatchewan, spring
ing irom tne heart of the Rockies.
were legitimately covered in the lan
guage of the charter. Less leeiti
inateiy, Dut under the rule that
flowed from it, the company later
acquired control of territory on the
Arctic and on the Pacific slope. As
the direct result of this stimulus, but
acting tor another company which
was later absorbed by the Hudson's
fcsay, Simon Fraser and David
Thompson made their surveys on
this side of the Rockies. Thompson
unaer tne latter venture laid claim
on behalf of Great Britain and Can
ada, to the region watered h th
Snake. Peter Skene Ogden explored
the great desert region between the
Pacific coast and the western con
fines of the prairies. Traitorous
abandonment by Astor's. partners of
their claims on the lower Columbia
to the concern which the Hudson's
Bay subsequently absorbed led to the
sending -of .Dr. McLoughlin to Ore
gon, to the race for occupancy, the
contest Detween the fur trailer
wnose policy it was to preserve the
wilderness tor their trade and thf
American pioneers whose theory of
uue to occupancy was use.
No .more interesting document is
found in all the archives of the sev
enteenth century than that old char
ter of May 2. 1670. It granted not
only the usufruct but the right to
i- .-1.1 i .. ..
Hutu i " ntc oiiu euiiimui socage
in ausomte proprietorship a vast
empire. It surrendered even mili
tary function that jealously guarded
power of all governments, the right
to levy war, subject only to the pro
viso that war should not be made
on any Christian power. Saracens,
Jews and heathen were legitimate
prey in King Charles' time. -For
generations the company adminis
tered justice, executed the criminal
law, and enforced civil contracts,
throughout . a region devoid of any
form of representative government.
Dr. McLoughlin, whose name links
that of the Hudson's Bay company
with the history of Oregon, ruled
over a kingdom as large as Italy,
France, Spain, Germany and Swit
zerland. Peter Skene Ogden's ex
plorations were conducted under au
thority then assumed to be supreme
over tne entire Oregon country,
which then included everything west
of the Rocky mountains not claimed
by Spain. But the company's plans
probably were not much circum
scribed, by. the latter, claim- The Rus
sian territory on the north, the
lightly held Spanish acquisitions on
the south, would have become Hud
son's Bay provinces if events had not
ordered otherwise. Two of our own
wars helped to determine the status
of the territory on the Pacific coast,
notwithstanding the resolution of
the "gentlemen adventurers." The
Spaniards might have possessed the
country if they had been, content
with furs and not been obsessed with
lust for bright gold; the gentlemen
adventurers undoubtedly would
have written a different tale if
they had heeded the lesson i of the
changing times. A group of ' men
like Lord . Selkirk, who first con
ceived the scheme of settlement on
an immense scale, might have suc
ceeded where a single visionary
failed, and thus have recast the eco
nomic history of the world.
The Hudson's Bay company had
occupied the field 163 years to a
day when the issue whether the
land was meant to be populated by
homebullders or held as a royai
game preserve was brought to a
crisis in Oregon. . Our Founder's
day. is also the anniversary of the
granting of the famous charter to
the gentlemen adventurers. It was
on May 2 that American, settlers,
discontented with a policy frankly
meant to discourage settlement, re
solved to take matters Into their
own hands. In this, the Hudson'
Bay people unwittingly contributed
to -their own undoing. People who
were coming west to "find room to
breathe" found a not unsympathetic
host in Dr. McLoughlin, the Hud
son's Bay factor. Nathaniel Wyeth
and Jason Lee and their companions
might have fared differently with
a less humane satrap in charge of
the company's affairs. McLoughlin
was loyal to his employers so far
as loyalty was consistent with his
greater duty to his fellow-men. But
ne saw not only the larger duty, but
also the trend toward democracy
that was setting in throughout the
world. The later history of the
company is a history of gradual
modification of power, of abandon
ment of monopolies, of withdrawal
of medieval claims, of adjustment
to the growth of the times. Yet we
shall fail to do justice to the Bpirit
which animated these early rovers
unless we regard them in connection
with the period in which, they lived.
It is also a tribute to Ahe capacity
for orderly progression of the
Anglo-Saxon that the latter should
so long have conceded -the validity
of the charter because of the vested
rights that it had created, while at
the same time he contrived to bend
it to his eventual purpose and to
make it ultimately a powerful in
strument for the development of that
which might otherwise have been a
wilderness to this.day.
FKOTECTIXG AN AMERICAN SflKLNK.
Americans will watch with inter
est the outcome of the effort now
being made in Connecticut to extend
the law of eminent domain to cover
condemnation by the state of the
historic home of Mark Twain at
Hartford. Friendly interests, as i3
usually the case, aroused themselves
too late to seize the opportunity to
acquire the property when it was
obtainable at a moderate price. Spec
ulators who paid $-55,000 for it only
recently are said to hold it at $300,-
000, and to be determined that they
will not take a cent less. They say
that they did not buy for sentimental
reasons, and that they do not pro
pose to develop the property for his
toric purposes. Somewhere between
the price they paid and the present
asking price," perhaps, lies the
value which those who would save
the historic property feel would ful
fill the equities of the situation.
Rival claims of the little Missouri
town that was 1 honored by being
chosen by Mark Twain as his birth
place will not detract from wide
spread feeling that the house in
which the greatest American humor
ist did the most of his enduring work
deserves a place among our literary
Meccas. After he had written the
book in which was included the most
widely read of all his purely whim
sical efforts, "The Jumping Frog of
Calaveras County," and had made a
name for himself with the stories of
his early travels which appeared in
book form as "Innocents Abroad"
and "Roughing It," it was in the
Hartford home that he created the
inimitable Tom Sawyer and Huckle
berry Finn, where he wrote two of
his more serious books, "The Prince
and the Pauper" and "A Connecticut
Yankee at King Arthur's Court,
where he made the unforgettable
contribution to our knowledge of
early American customs in "Life on
the Mississippi," and where, with
growing literary skill, he expanded
Huckleberry Finn into the book that
bears the name as its title.
Albert Bigelow Paine says that the
Hartford house, which Mr. and Mrs.
Clemens built in 1874, in which they
lived for seventeen years and in
which they planned their work and
reared their children, was the only
real home they ever had. Ten years
of. the - author's life, unfortunately
for those who would like to preserve
all the relics relating to it, were
spent abroad. The house in New
York in which he lived at intervals
after his return to the United States
lacks the chief elements of historic
Interest that attach to the Hartford
home.
"The ornament of a house is the
friends that frequent it," is the in
scription carved above the old Clem
ens fireplace. By this standard of
Mark Twain's own, the Hartford
house is distinct from every other.
It was there that he entertained his
friends, including Thomas Bailey
Aldrich, William Dean Howells. Mat
thew Arnold and Sir Henry Irving.
It was near the' homes of Harriet
Beecher Stowe and Charles Dudley
Warner, between whom and his own
family there existed a lifelong In
timacy. Rudyard Kipling made a
record of it in his "American Note."
It was sold, by Twain because of fi
nancial misfortunes, also historical,
the outcome of which should further
stimulate the effort to acquire it
as a public property. It is rife with
the Mark Twain personality. The
kitchen was built on the front end,
next to the street, for the reason, he
said, that servants liked to run to
the windows when there was any-;
thing going on in the street and he
wished that they might do so with
the least possible inconvenience. It
was unlike other houses, as - Twain
was unlike other men.
Some of the impatience that Twain
himself felt over the multiplicity of
details connected with its forced
sale will be shared by those now
watching the formalities associated
with the effort to acquire it as a
state park. There seems to be a law
to preserve other monuments of
Americana, which may empower the
commonwealth to obtain -possession
by condemnation for a public use.
There is no reason fo believe that
Twain, if he were alive, would as
sent to any measure bearing the sus
picion of confiscation. The lengths
to which he went' to discharge the
debts incurred by his publishing
house, neither morally nor legally
a charge against him, are a complete
negation of such a supposition. Bui
neither will it be believed that he
would have had much sympathy. In
a case in which another was in
volved, with profiteering. And the
difference between $55,000 and
$300,000 will seem .to most persons
to represent a largely speculative in
terest, which in the especial cir
cumstances the prospective pur
chasers are justified in resisting by
every legal means.
SrOAR-COATLNG THE FILL.
Although it is open to question
that any movement is advanced by
being labeled "purposeful" the un
popularity of purpose novels and
dramas being symbolical of our
aversion to being uplifted according
to other people's formulas there is
a chance that the California
women's college club which has just
been organized for "purposeful
walking" will succeed with its ex
periment. It is, in any event, a
novel plan, and it deserves publicity,
The first requirement of members
of 'the club is a pledge to walk at
least 4 00 miles a year. The second
is that every hike must have an edu
cational purpose other than health
benefit from the walk. Suggestions
for purposes are "seeking geographi
cal, geological, botanical or economic
knowledge of the country, or study
of birds, sketching or map-making.
A walk unaccompanied by another
student of the college does not count
as a mileage credit.
There is an oriental legend of the
times when tyrants held the power
of life and death over their subjects.
about a wise physician who feared to
tell his emperor that the latter's ill
ness was due only to the fact that he
was fat and lazy, and who resorted
to the subterfuge of presenting him
with a medicated battledore with a
hint to wield it vigorously as the
means of invoking its magic proper
tics. The tale contains a universal
philosophy. We suspect that the col
lege authorities, have been reading
their Persian literature to advantage.
Walking is a universally accessible
form of physical exerciser It ought
to need no sugar-coating to make it
popular. Four hundred miles a year
a little more than a mile a day-
is not an over-ambitious programme,
though t may be a beginning. Yet
it is perhaps a warning sign that
the effort to revive so commendatory
a practice it should be found expedi
ent to to disguise it as "botanizing,"
or something else, as an older gener
ation does when it thinks it is play
ing golf. The interesting and im
portant phase of those purposeful
hikes, however, is the still cunningly
concealed purpose of the ingenious
mind that conceived the plan.
collection of statistics of education.
The latest "figures bearing weight of
authority are those for 1916, com
piled by S. P. Capen. for many years
an investigator for the United States
bureau of education and now secre
tary of the American Council on
Education, who estimates that four-
tenths of 1 per cent of the total pop
ulation hi that year were attending
institutions of higher learning. The
percentage lit the north Atlantic,
north central and western states
ranged from .43 to .51 of 1 per cent, j necessary fats to make a 15-pound
BY - PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES
Science Analyzes Man aa the Equal
of IOOO Esrea. Shells and All.
"Oh, what a piece of work is man."
Hamlet.
A man weighing . 150 pounds con
tains approximately 3500 cubic feet
of gases oxygen. hydrogen and
nitrogen in his constitution, which
at SO cents a 1000 cubic feet would
be worth $2.80 for illuminating pur
poses. He also contains all the
These are the wealthiest and most
productive .of the states. The six
states spending the largest amounts
on higher education pef capita of
population were Delaware, New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Virginia,
Wisconsin afld Connecticut. The
United States bureau of education in
1915 estimated the per capita cost
of students in the higher institutions
throughout the country at $335. This
did not include, however, investment
in buildings and equipment. The,
figures correspond closely to. esti
mates made by Oregon authorities
on education, who placed the aver
age at $325 for the country at large.
They contrast with estimated present
expenditure per student for higher
education in Oregon of $203 by the
University of Oregon and $180 for
Oregon Agricultural college. The es
timates of the federal bureau of edu
cation are for 1915, and those for
the Oregon institutions are for 1920,
when a dollar buys a good deal less
than it would buy in the earlier
years. Investment in buildings and
educational equipment at the two
Oregon institutions mentioned is
about one-third of the average for
the entire country, which is a suf
ficient explanation of the embarrass
ing situation as to physical accom
modations in which the Oregon insti
tutions find themselves.
The appeal for adequate educa
tional facilities, both in material and
in personnel, in Oregon as elsewhere
throughout the country, is a dual ap
peal to the utilitarian spirit of the
age and to the sense of justice that
would deny to no aspiring youth the
opportunity for advancement that is
his by right. It would be a tragedy
to close the doors ot the college of
the country to any who have proved
themselves worthy of its benefits.
That which the endowed institutions
of the older states are seeking to do
trough private benefaotions in a
score ot drives is in the newer
communities a duty which the states
have themselves assumed and which
they are now being called upon to
fulfill. And there is reason for as
suming that democracy in higher
education is well served by adequate
support of state colleges by the
people themselves.
Dream River.
Br 'Urare E. Hall.
candle, and thus, together with his
3500 cubic feet of gases, he possesses
considerable illuminating possibilities.
His syBtem contains 22 pounds and
10 ounces of carbon, or enough to
make 7S0 dozen, or 9360 lead pencils.
There are about 50 grains of iron in
his blood and the rest of the body
would supply enough of this metal to
make one spike large enough to hold
his weight.
A -healthy man contains 54 ounces
of phosphorus. This deadly poison
would make 800,000 matches, or
enough poison to kill 500 persons.
This, with two-ounces of lime, makes
the stiff bones and the brains. No
difference how sour a man looks, he
contains about 60 lumps of sugar of
the ordinary cubical dimensions, and
to make the seasoning complete, there
are 20 spoonfuls of salt. If a, man
were distilled into water he -would
make about 38 quarts, or more than
half his entire weight. He also con
tains a great deal of starch, chloride
of potash, magnesium, sulphur and
hydrochloric acid in his wonderful
system.
Break 1000 eggs, including shells,
into a huge pan or basin, and you
have the contents to make a man
from his toenails to the most delicate
tissue of his brain. And this is the
scientific answer to the question,
"What is Man?' Electrical Experimenter.
THE VALUE OF EDUCATION.
Study of various indices of success
confirms belief that growing de
mand for more general and bettec
education is the result of increasing
realization that education pays. It
has been shown by statistics, such as
those of the Educational exchange,
which indicate that each day in
school is worth $11.50 to the aver
age of all pupils attending school,
and those prepared by Northwestern
university, in which it is estimated
that a college education is the equiv
alent of an invested capital of
$25,000, that there is close relation
ship between education and produc
tiveness, which means prosperity for
the community as well as of the In
dividual. The demand alluded to is
the symbol of enlightened self-interest,
to which the proponents of
higher education appeal with con
fidence, in the belief that both its
immediate beneficiaries and those
who more remotely enjoy its re
wards will be convinced that it is
In their mutual interest that youth
shall devote its time and the people
the necessary funds to encourae-e
education in the highest possible de
gree. An Interesting analysis of "Who's
Who in America," made by the
Young Men's Christian association
at a time when that encyclopedia of
success contained 17,000 names,
showed that the totally unschooled
furnished no prominent men, that
the common school trained furnished
one in 9000. the high school trained
one in 400, and" the college or uni
versity trained one in forty. It will
be borne in mind that the measure
of prominence of these 17,000 Amer
icans was not principally the acqui
sition of material wealth, that the
list contained a predominating pro
portion of men and women who have
performed valuable service for so
ciety, and that it is ralrly represen
tative of all sections of the country.
This analysis, phrased in a different
way, shows that a high school educa
tion gives the recipient twenty-five
times as good a chance as a common
school education, while a college or
universitiy education gives ten times
as good a chance as a high school
training and 250 times as good a
chance as a common school train
ing. v
Another study, similar to the fore
going, made by Dr. Charles Franklin
Thwing concerning 15.142 eminent
men mentioned In Appleton's Ency
clopedia of American Biography,
serves to emphasize these conclu
sions. Dr. Thwing found that in
proportion to the total number In the
United States possessing a college
education, there were 352 times as
many as there were of non-coilege
men who had become members of
the national house of representatives,
1392 times as many who had become
presidents and 2027 times as many
wno nad rjsen to the honor of jus
tice of the supreme court. Of more
than 10,000 prominent and success
ful men in all lines who were still
living when the review was made, 58
per cent were college graduates and
is per cent had had some college
training, mese figures, to be fullv
illuminating, must be read in con
nection with the fact that at present
only about 1 per cent of the popula
tion are graduates of colleges. On
the whole, it appears,, the college
bred attain enough eminence to be
mentioned in a national encyclopedia
870 times as often in proportion to
numoers as tne non-college-bred. It
will bear repetition that wealth does
not often figure in the degree of
eminence entitling the subiect to
One of the names that it is an
nounced will go on the preliminary
ballot for the Women's Hall of Fame
this year is that of Jane Cunningham
Croly, well known a generation or
more ago as ''Jenny June," the name
under which she broke new ground
for the entrance of women into the
field of magazine writing and editor
ship. She was practically the founder
of the "woman's page" that is now a
current newspaper feature, and is
credited with being the originator of
the system of duplicate correspon
dence. As the founder of Sorosis,
the first and most famous woman's
club in the country, she achieved in
ternational celebrity, and did much
to promote the idea of fellowship
among her sex which was dormant
when she began her work.
We are soon to hear a great deal
about the census revelations on di
yprce. The pity of it is that the cen
sus takers did not inquire into the
happy marriages at the same time.
There must be quite a number of
them.
Cl-.auncey Depew at eighty-six is a
standing refutation of the notion
that a man loses his usefulness at
any particular age. He can still tell
an old story in a way that makes it
seem as youthful as he probably
feels.
It is said that Huirt confessed to
the murder of two of his wives in the
hope of gaining clemency. Perhaps
he thought that two hangings
wouldn't be so bad as twenty-eight
of them.
Seven Items on the bills of fare of
Chicago restaurants have been . re
duced on the eve of a grand jury in
vestigation. At last a way has been
found to make grand Jury duty pop
ular.
mention in the encyclopedia.
iu CowiecUcut. previous! Invoked ' XUe war .caused an interruption la.
Failure of the people of Mars to
say anything may be taken as evi
dence that there are no women there,
anyway, in which case it must be a
highly uninteresting planet to live
on.
The allies' reply to Germany's plea
for a bigger army in order to restore
order is that she would better be
have herself or the army will be
furnished her from the outside.
With New York theaters threaten
ing to charge $5 for seats this season.
there Is a chance for the overall idea,
if not for overalls, to get in its per
fect work.
It is estimated that it took 395
shells to kill a man in France. Which
is pure theory to the poor fellows
who fell before the 395th shell was
fired.
Akron. O., has all the resiliency of
its principal product, with its an
nounced increase of population
amounting to 201 per cent.
There is another peace resolution
in the senate, but the senators know
how peace could be brought nearer
in a more practical way.
Many go to Champoeg year after
year, and honor themselves as much
as they do the founders of Oregon.
Whatever else may be said of him,
Mr. Bryan will hardly be regarded as
a dark horse for the presidency.
We knew the overalls movement
was doomed when they began to
make tuxedoes out of denim.
"Yankee Weds Princess," says a
headline. Why not? Isn't a princess
good enough for a Yankee?
The effort to make May day our
national Hate day seems to have
been a fizzle again.
"Legion to combat reds." And woe
betide the bunch that starts "boring
Irom. within."
People from wnat New Tork calls
"The Bush" otherwise the more
kindly, decent. Intelligent. American
part of America complain that one
has no neighbors in New York. One
lives in the same apartment house
year after year and knows no one to
speak to except the West Indian mag
nate who employs his leisure time in
answering the hall telephone, i But
what is to be done about it? asks
Herbert Corey, the New York corre
spondent. It isn't safe to have a
neighbor in New York unless you have
first looked that neighbor up, and how
are you going to do that? Here is a
sample of what I mean:
"How do you do, Mr. Shenk," said a
friend' to a man who emerged from a
handsome house on Riverside Drvs.
"Nice morning."
Mr. Shenk said affably that it was a
nice morning. Then he got into a
jeweler's box of a limousine and drove
away.
"Who's Mr. Shenk?"
"I don't know," said the other fel
low. "I got acquainted with him by
accident. That's his house. He's all
right, I guess."
Mr. Shenk's sentence to a year in
the penitentiary has just been af
firmed by the court of appeals. He
has been called the vice king of New
Tork. The evidence in his m trial
showed that he leased 112 houses for
illicit purposes and owned 12 out
right. His income amounted to a
$1,000,000 a year, and he paid to his
slaves $100,000 annually. Yet no one
knew about it on Riverside drive.
No wonder New York does not take
a chance with neighbors.
The literary beginner is apt to be
downhearted when his pet production
is returned with a cold printed inti
mation that it is not acceptable to an
editor or publisher. But he is in good
company.
"last Lynne," as novel and play,
has b,een more profitable than a gold
mine, yet it was rejected by George
Meredith when publisher's reader for
Chapman & Hall.
That famous sensational novel,
"Called Back." was published by the
Bristol publisher Arrowsmith, and
just when it was at the height of its
success a young man sent some new
stories from India, with a letter which
made the publisher imagine the writer
thought too much of himself, so ho
rejected the stories. He regretted it
to the day of his death, because the
young man was Rudyard KiPHng-
Rider Haggard said that "Dawn"
was sent back to him at least six
times before It found a publisher.
W. W. Jacobs had a similar ex
perience with "Many Cargoes." He
tried it, all around London until an
other humorist, Jerome, took pity on
it and ran the stories in Today.
J. J. Bell actually had to publish
"Wee Macgreegor" himself. He got
John Hassell to draw the famous
cover and became his own publisher
with excellent results to himself and
the public.
One publishing house has the
record of having declined Stevenson,
Barrie, Kipling and Crockett! Cer
tain 'it Is that R. L. S. did not find it
easy to sell "Treasure Island."
Stray Stories.
"Away with empty etiquette," is
the plea of Yukio Ozaki, former minJ
later of justice, who recently returned
to Toklo from hi3 tour of America
and Europe.
"In Japan it is thought an inex
cusable omiasion of social etiquette
not to see one's friend off at his de
parture for foreign parts or even for
a trip of a few hundred miles. .If
the recipient of empty etiquette suf
fers Inconvenience or discomfort, the
advocates of empty etiquette are not
in the least concerned. Another form
of empty etiquette is the exchanging
of new year cards.
"Toward the end of the Hojo and
Ashikaga administrations the coun
try was full of all sorts of empty
etiquette and similar instances may be
cited in the history of many other
countries. The prevalence cf so much
empty etiquette in Japan as at pres
ent may mean the approach of na
tional ruin."
They had been out together the
night before, and were comparing
notes in the morning.
"I had a rotten time," confessed
Smith; "the missus jawed me for half
an hour. "How did you get on?"
Jones groaned miserably.
"You, got off light," he said. "You
don't know what it is 1'ke being mar
ried to a woman who has been a
schoolteacher. She didn't say much,
but she made me sit up fill I had
written out, T must be home every
night by 10 o'clock' 100 times on a
What drear, dark magic has the lone
ly night
When, agonized with grief, the long
hours drag
Their. pained and. mournful seconds
through, and fright -With-
anguish blends to make the
moments lag!
Fright at the awful pictures of the
mind
That intermingle with the actual
facts.
For in the gloom of darkness one can
find
Imagination that the daytime lacks.
On such a night, fair Isis bade me
stroll .
Into the woods to gaze upon her art.
But pausing on the peak of near-by
knoll
A sudden chill seemed clutching at
my heart;
I looked into a valley where this
night
A river purple-black flowed swift
and deep.
With not so much as one pale ray of
light
To flash a gleam across Its sullen,
sweep.
I saw a battered wharf not far away.
Heard the dull wash of waves against
the shore.
The everlasting lap of tongues of
gray
Grim dirge that shall go on forever
more; A sinple boat put out from silent
quay.
Black as the somber night and all
alone,
And louder still the waves washed,
sullenly,
A note of desolation in each tone.
I watched the sailor ply the slender
oar.
Then sent a ringing cry into the
black
The stream was that of Destiny no
more .
Would tides turn in, to bring that
skipper back:
For he who plies Dream River takes
our best
A silent boatman passing towards
the sea;
While on the shore the phantom -millions
rest.
Watching, regretting, praying hope
THE GYPSY'S GRAVE.
Her grave Is where blight willows
droop
Their dewy fronds and weep;
And mournful birds of darkness croon
Above her sullen sleep.
Wild weeds have withered o'er her
form.
Which cold and silent lies;
There falls the chilly, slanting rain
From gray and sunless skies.
Far wound through many a stranger
clime
Her lonely Patteran.
Since banishment of heart denied
A dwelling place with man.
Down India's mystic, magic way
By that wild fever drawn.
A gypsy's soul, a gypsy's foot
Forever on and on!
No rest at morn, no rest at eve.
O'er hill or ocean's foam
No kindred spirit shared her path.
No land she called her borne.
Fair stood her tent by many a stream
Or music-haunted- grove;
And fond she kept, when rose the
moon.
The burning trysts of love.
Today her airy court was seen,
A place of song and mirth:
Tomorrow it had vanished as
A shadow from the earth.
The snow will come and covering keep
Her burning secret well.
And here the shuttles of the sprins
Will weave their magic spell.
While changeless Melancholy broods
Along the lonely vale;
And pensive Sadness haunts the spot
With brow low-bent and pajc.
Ah. well I know that sleepless tiling
Which would not let thee rest.
Because its deathless fever burns
Deep in my stormy breast.
GUY FITCH PHELPS.
AN EX-RAY OF OPAL.
Congratulate the editor
A man of impulse knightly
Who once through glass but darkly
6aw
Now sees through Opal Whiteley.
At least he feels quite eure he does;
She told him her life story,
How she did print her diary ,
Her parents gone to glory;
How she did keep it many years
Until a wicked hussy
Tore it to pieces spite of tears
And left it frightful musty.
But Opal picked the fragments up
And hoarded them religiously.
She showed them to the editor.
Impressing him prodigiously.
"A genius rare." he said, "is here,"
"A gem of the first water.
I have an understanding heart.
And that is why I've got her."
Now Opal must the fragments take
And patch them all together
To make a copy for the press
Unless she has another.
If she has fooled him let us hope
She'll ne'er confess the caper.
'Twould kill the editor who based
His faith on scraps of paper.
GEO. O. GOODALL.
Eugene, Oregon.
B ITTKR-S WE!!T.
You claim the world is full of joy
and gladness
ask: Why trace a line that
breathes of sadness?
And
When leaves in autumn fall and sad
winds sigh.
Who may fair nature's sorrowing tone
deny?
View ocean's restless wave and list
her ceaseless- moan.
Then answer in thy soul: Is there no
undertone
Of sadness? Is not a theme more
truly wrought
By him attuned to nature's deepest
thought?
And strangely cloying wert continu
ous June;
The blending seasons yield the perfect
rune:
Earth is refreshed for spring by win
ter's snow.
As grief is sooner soothed if tears
may flow
'Twas infinite wisdom's plan thus .to
complete.
intermingling joy and bitter-
JANETTE MARTIN.
By
GOLDKX TREASURE.
That T may live and sing my song
And fill my place the whole day long
Nor whit how humble that may be.
Of dishes washed my melody.
Or floors or tubs or office file
Or books ox brooks my time beguile.
Where'er my place there I would be
And fill my time quite willingly.
Quite merrily though beating rhythm
In humble sphere or wider places."
Still will my song beat out its meas
ure. Each moment counted golden treas-
MR fiAl'TWAUn