8 THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, rORTLAXD, APRIL 11, 1920 ESTABLISH ED BY 1IEXBV L. flTTOCK. Published by Th Oregonlan Publishing Co, 135 SixUi Street. Portland. Oregon. C. A. MORDKN. B. B. PIPER, Manager. Editor. The Oregonlan la a member of the Asso ciated Press. The Associated: Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for. publica tion of ail news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Statement of the Ownership. Management, Circulation, Etc., Required by the Act Of tnnirmi of August 24, 1012, Of Sunday Oregonlan, published each Sunday at Portland, Oregon, for April 1. IKl'O. State of Oregon. County of Mult nomah. Before me, a notary public In ami for the state and county aforesaid, personally appeared C. A. Morden, who. having been duly sworn according to law, depose and says that he is the manager of Sunday Oregonlan and that the following is to the beet of his knowledge and belief a true statement of the ownership, management land, if a dally paper, the circulation), etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown In the above caption, required y the art of August 24, 1I2, embodied in section 44.';, Postal Laws and Regulations, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher, Oregonlan -Publishing Co., C. A. Morden. Mantiger, Portland. Oregon. Kditor. K II. Piper, Portland. Oregon. Business manager. W. E. Hartmus. Port land, Oregon. 2. That the owners are (Give names and addressee of the individual owners, or if a corporation, give its name and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of the total amount of slock): Owner, Oregonlan Publishing Co., Inc., Portland, Oregon. Stockholders: H. I. Plttock Estate. Portland. Oregon; The Scott Company. Portland, Oregon. 3. That the known bondholders, mort gagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total mount of bonds, mortgages, or other se curities are; tif there are none, so state.) None. 4. That the two paragraphs next above giving the names of the owners, stock holders and seturlty holders, if any. con tain not only the list of stockholders and Kecurlty holders a they appear upon the books of the company, but also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or In any other fiduciary rela tion, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee Is acting, is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing affiant's full knowl edge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and -security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trus tees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fido owner; and this aidant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corpora tion has any Interest, direct or indirect, in the said stock, bonds or other securities than as so stated by him. 5. That the average number of copies ef each issue of this publication sold or distributed, through the mails or other wise, to nald subscribers during the six months preceding date shown above is 0,"..7s. (This information is required from daily publications only.) C. A. MORDEN, Manager. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 1st day of April, 1020. (Seal) "W. E. HARTMUS. (My commission expires May 25. 1928.) penalty is thus imposed on those in- leflection will' persuade the observer OUR TKOIBLES AND THE WAT OUT Every American should have been able to hear and take to himself the speech made by Frank A. Vanderlip at the Portland Chamber of Com merce Wednesday evening. Calmly, forcibly and with unerring logic he pointed out the evils from which this country suffers, though in a far less degree than the rest of the world. He showed the causes of these evils to be departures from the basic principles of economic truth by governments, business men, manufacturers and workmen in the lieat of conflict, and persisted in since the war ended through sheer inability to make'a beginning at re turn to the right path. He gave a word-picture of nations which have been wrought up to a supreme nerv ous effort under the impetus of in tense passion and conviction, which ore suddenly released from that pres sure and are called upon to do some of the . coldest, straightest thinking that man ever did and to apply them selves intensely to those ordinary oc cupations which seem to be dreary drudgery after the excitement of war. Mr. Vanderlip showed that we in America have been guilty of the same economic sins as other nations and that, if we have sinned less, it was because the temptation was not so overpowering. We have multi plied several times the volume of currency, which is the representative of things produced, while eince 1914 we have increased production only six per cent. To meet the financial exigencies caused by war,, that the government might borrow cheaply, the secretary of the treasury Induced the federal reserve board to fix a low discount rate, which stimulated issue of more currency whom there was no increase of production on which to base it. The result is in flation, which has given us a 40-cent dollar, and he warns us that we may yet have a SO-cent dollar. The effect of that 40-cent dollar is high wages, strikes for higher wages, profiteering, much qf it in voluntary, still higher prices which provoke more strikes for still higher wages. The process of artificially lifting prices is accelerated by reck less spending both by the new mil lionaires whom the war has bred, tnd by men who imagine that, be cause they have more dollars, they have more to spend. This greater desire to buy when there is no in crease in the supply of things to buy ft a direct cause of mounting prices, which incite demands for higher wages from men who are unwilling to give up luxuries which they for the first time enjoyed in the hectic days of war prosperity. We can cure this disease only by applying more capital and more labor to increased production, which would put more value into our dollars, and at the same time by reducing the volume of currency to the point where it would truly represent the value of our aggregate production. The value of each dollar would then rise as production grew and as the aggregate number of dollars in cir- culation diminished. But the way to these remedies is blocked by two more violations of economic law. One is a system-of direct taxation which. Mr. Vanderlip says, takes 79 per oent of the largest fortunes. Politicians and legislators have had their minds so concentrated on the desire to place the main burden' of taxation on these large fortunes as to have overlooked the fact that they have hitherto furnished the main fund of capital with which to. increase production. These taxes fall on productive enterprise so heavily as to discourage investment in them and as to force demand for high prices in order thatthey may carry the burden, and by restricting production they help the manufac turer and merchant to obtain these high prices. ""The law also has fur nished capital with a safe refuge from taxation by creating a class of securities that is exempt from taxes and the volume of which- has been Increased to about fourteen billion dollars and is still increasing. A vestments which increase production, and a premium is placed on those which increase it little or. not at all. Labor also has sunk to about 60 per cent of normal efficiency and thus co-operates with unwise taxa tion , in restricting production. The causes are several. ; The most imme diate cause is the reaction from the exaltation of spirit arising from the war to the consideration of the ma terial necessities of the nation and the individual in the disturbed con dition which has followed. A re duced supply of labor coincides with an increased demand and encourages labor to demand more wages and to give less for them. - All manner of economic heresies are eagerly em braced with the same effect. The most deepseated of all causes is the ignoring by both capital and labor of the truth that it is not a commodity, but that the human factor varies widely the quantity and quality of its output. The modern industrial sys tem has withdrawn -the employer from personal contact with his work men and has made work so mechani cal as to destroy the workman's in terest in it. Employers by adhering to the time system and unions by resisting its abandonment by those employers who have seen the truth encourage the delusion that labor is a -commodity, that each man is as good as the next and that wages can be sustained by limiting hours of work and production. revolution ists foster this delusion by teaching that employers' appropriate a large part of labor's just share in the price of the product. They must be silenced by resort to a neW system which will secure to the workman all of his share and will convince him that he gets it, which will change the rela tion between employer and work man so that they will be always con scious of .being practically partners In a common enterprise. Solution of all these problems re quires 'wide economic education of the American people, that they may decide wisely in choosing the men who shall lead them through the next four critical years. .There is a popular impression that economics are an abtruse science that is aloof from, their ordinary affairs. It is in fact the science by which their every-day life is governed whether they shall be rich, poor or merely well-to-do. well or ill-fed and clad, have good or bad health, be mar ried' or not, have children or not: it is concerned with all these things. Its fundamental truths are simple as the ten commandments and, if we cling to them in reasoning out our problems, we shall reach conclusions. The American people are capable of this education in economics, and it devolves on their leaders to turn their minds to the subject. Finance was regarded as a science too deep for the ordinary man prior" to 1896, but the free silver craze forced the people to study it in order that they might reach a right decision. They mastered Its truths and decided ac cording to them. .They can do so again with regard to the economic 'problems which now confront them. In order that they may work out the solution wisely, they must choose leaders of sound character, as well as sound opinions, to direct the af fairs of the nation. For president tney need n idealist who keeps his I laeais in close relation to realities: a man wno com mnes business ability wun statesmanship; stalwart Ameri canism with close knowledge of the worm at large; a man who will not sacrifice principle to opportunism man who will have courage to tell the people unpalatable truth and to do unpopular things; also a man of iirm win, Dut not stubborn in his insistence on his own plan. that it is at least plausible- And "since the average person is ignorant of the unconscious activities of his mind, the revelations of what goes on there are as strange to him as if they Came from another sphere." The unfilled wishes are among the newly revealed treasures of the store room. Interest in so-called psychic phenomena is likely to be keenest in individuals in whom discontent with environment is most intense. All of us like to build castles in the air. Day dreams are a pleasing relief from the sordid monotonies of life. "The average person whose wishes are within the realms of pos sibility," suggests Dr. Brill, "makes a strong effort to realize them, and whether he succeeds or fails he ad justs himself to conditions." With inability to exert corresponding men tal control there is likely to exist delusion as to the reality. "The wish is father to the thought" may have a deeper psychic significance -than is made superficially to appear. The effort to evade reality finds many forms of expression. The psychiatrist believes that resort to alcohol is one of them, Certainly the mania for gambling in Germany since that country failed completely to achieve its ambition for world domination seems capable of explanation upon that theory. Those who have aban doned hope of obtaining fulfilment of their desires through their own efforts find it easier to make Delieve. When the mechanisms of the natural emotions fail, the so-called psychic phenomena are ready at hand. The struggle for existence goes on. Our prehistoric ancestors had not developed the "psychic" side of their natures in all probability because they had too much else to do. It has not been proved that men fn the stone age had less inherent men tal capacity than the present genera tion, but it was not until they found leisure to do so that they began to create oracles, fortune tellers, good and bad fairies and imps and sprites. These, like the ouija board. Dr. Brill regards as "symptoms .rather than causes." The injury they may do is serious only as they may unfit the individual for reality. The cure, he finds, is work and comprehension of the soundness of the maxim that the Lord helps those that help them selves. The ouija board as a medium of entertainment probably would have attracted no more attention than the game of authors; it is only those who try- to substitute it for the old-fashioned virtue of self-re liance who- will need to consider seriously the warning that students like Dr. Brill are seeking to convey. of knowledge of the adaptabilities or limitations of the soil-after it has been reclaimed, and introduction into a state of industries which, though feasible as scientific abstractions, did not fit into farm management opera tions for local economic reasons, fur nish other apt illustrations. Under co-operative conditions, on the other hand, most of that which is now known,. of the possibilities of scientific breeding of livestock for meat and milk production has been revealed, disease-resistant grains have been perfected and measures nave Deen established for the pro tection of farmers against fraud. The Babcojk milk tester, the great est single factor in development of the dairy industry, was another product of the system, which has bles were over then, but they were not. The vocational board then be gan to dun him for money that had been advanced him while he was sick and out of training. The. class in accounting to which he was as signed often had a hundred students to one instructor and "aside froru the irrelevance of the work it was wasteful in itself." Edwards finally, by sheer pluck but only after many months, succeeded in kicking ,up such a row hat the board made a special order of his case and straight ened it out. , Testimony given by a soldier named Hammond, relating to the New York office of the board, is illuminating: : ' ' and received a flag she had treas- BY - PKOUltTS OK THE TIMES ured, but not the same flag she had used that morning. Mrs. Freltchie ognltlo of Deity os I sited Slsie. died on December 18 of the same ! t'olns Dates Back, to lsoi. year, being then tuteen oays over 96 years old. In an explanatory note-appended to the poerrt in some of the later edi tions of his works, Whittier dis closed that he was not unmoved by the charge' of historical inaccuracy, and said: I am safely assuming mat there must have been 2O0 people .employed by the iustified itsplf in thpen and mn n v , ,e"1 ooara m mat- oruce. There were jusi.ij.iea ltseir in tnese ana many no more than thirty men examined taat cay. l ne average time taken for each man was about thirty minutes.. I retnained HOW EAST! Much of the financial difficulties of the street railway company could be composed without financial cost to the taxpayers or the car-riding public. Only a sacrifice of con venience would be required of a cer tain class. That class is the portion of the public which daily rides to and from business in private automobiles. .It includes friends and strangers in vited to ride as well as the owners of cars. Now there Is a call from one of the great oil companies, through the medium of a page advertisement, for curtailment of use of gasoline in pleasure cars. If this curtailment is not accomplished by voluntary act of the car owners it may be accom plished by a forced rationing system in which the commercial user will have the preference. The city of Portland, moreover, suffers from a traffic congestion in the downtown streets, caused in large part by parked automobiles. Here are three birds that miirht be killed with one-stone: The Si cent fare, the gasoline shortage, the trarric congestion. The situation la pointed out for consideration and to illustrate how thoroughly we have fallen into hab its of luxnry which we decline to surrender. It is not suggested that prohibition of parking within a wide radius of the business section could be enforced without loud protest, but it would be a solution of several problems from which everybody would be the gainer even the auto mobile -owner, for it costs more than the price of a streetcar ride for him to drive his car to town. ASK JOHNSON. The correspondent who today askf The Oregonian whether it will sup port Hiram Johnson if he .shall be nominated by the republicans for president and who moralizes- on the virtues of singing the praises of one's favorite as opposed to criticism of other candidates would Jnetter direct his inquiries and his moralizing to Senator Johnson himself. So far as we have observed Senator Johnson is the onljaspirant for the republican nomination who is mak ing deleterious 'remarks about other aspirants for that honor. He has fallen in with Senator Borah in insin uating and charging that other can didates are supported by the "vested interests." Trom his headquarters at San Francisco have come to The Oregonian within the laefweek two installments of press agent's mate rial, both of which are confined ex clusively to attacks upon Herbert Hoover. What is Senator Johnson going to do if some other than himself is nominated, as some other surely will be? Will he support the republican party's choice? Will he retract? As for The Oregonian it has not said anything about Senator Johnson which it will retract. As to sup porting him if the improbable hap pens, it will cross that bridge when it reaches it. other particulars, i Dean Thatcher contends with rea son that not only the form but the spirit of-co-operation - must be ob served if the people as a whole are to receive the full benefits of the work of scientists. He admits that his military simile fails him at this point, for while he would seek co ordination in the mass attack, he would do nothing to suppress by ex cessive discipline the initiative of in dividuals without' which" discovery and "invention would be impossible. But it is not clear that sacrifice of individuality would be nsa-essury to a . co-ordinated programme. The greatest American industries have demonstrated In many instances that men with scientific training can be persuaded to work together in har mony, and this was proved also in a large way after the research de partments of the government had been fully organized for the pur poses of the war. It ought to be demonstrable - that at least the de partments of science which look to the public for support can be sub jected to the discipline which Dean Thatcher has shown sto be definitely in the public interest. SLICIOAL. Spread of unauthorized strikes among railroad switchmen is evi dence in itself of the fallacy, of the one big union idea. These strikes are accomplished by the guerilla tac tics of militant local minorities. There always will be such minorities. They are a product of a law of hu man nature which can never be repealed. Today it is demonstrated that the personal influence of comrades on the job is more potent among work ers than appeals or threats issued at long distance by duly constituted na tional officers. The face-to-face argument, threat or intimidation will always, prevail over the letter or the telegram. Existene of one big union with out insurgency , at times is incon ceivable, and insurgency .will always prevail where it can be urged through personal contact. In com munist Russia it has been found necessary to maintain labor's sol idarity by force of arms and by grant of special food privileges. Only guns and bribes are effective. They quell everything but the mutterings. In the United States labor has probably reached its nearest ap proach to solidarity. Its craft or ganizations are becoming unwieldy. Insurgency is in the air and national officers dare not punish recalci trancy. Repeated rejections of the advice and counsel ot the best lead ership, violations of umbn regula tions and repudiations of contracts all menace the great structure of conservative, progressive unionism. Rather than one big union we are more likely to rettirn to a multi plicity of small detached unions with diminished power to gain from em ployers that to which labor is-justly entitled. from 10 o'clock in the morning until noon, when they told me to come bark after dinner. Some men gbt discouraged, as they had been waiting two or three days, and said it did no look as if they were coming through at all. It is significant that' witnesses be fore the investigating committee do not criticise the law by itself. There was, however, much condemnation of the administration of the law. In i wnprl tVtA mftct Iniimrl i nt rionart. ment of the whole government hav- I Jegend-nongers ing relation to the discharge of the people's debt to disabled soldiers ap pears to have become, on admissions of its own representatives, badly en meshed in red tape. THE BARBARA-FRrETCHIK IE6KXD. Nomination of Barbara Frietchie for a place in' the hall of fame, to be voted on next October, and inter preted in the' advance press an nouncement by the council of New York "University as a "reflection of the active participation of women in the world war and the subsequent change of mind that has been wrought by the extension of women's sphere," probably is more significant ot .the vitality of a legend in the midst of hist6ry. Parson Weems' imaginative version of the" George Washington cherry tree incident, is another illustration of the point. The little hatchet of Washington is no more real than' Barbara's flag, which Whitter, who made it famous, has admitted he probably confounded with another historic happening. There was, nevertheless, .a real Barbara Freitchie, as historians have been to some pains to discover. One credible account says that she was born in Lancaster, Pa., in 1766, that she was the third daughter of Nich olas and Catherine llauer, and that her father, who was a native of Dil dendorf, Germany, and a hatniaker, came to America in 1754, settling in Lancaster and working at his trade until 1770, when he removed to Frederick, Md where the incident reported by Whittier was supposed to have taken place. Barbara was one of a number of yonrsg women invited to wait on President Wash- i This poem was written In strict con formity to the account of the incident as 1 had It from respectable and trustworthy sources. It has since been the subject of a good deal of conflicting testimtHiy. and the story was probably incorrect In some of its details. It Is admitted by all that Barbara Freltchie was no myth, but a worthy and highly esteemed gentlewoman. Intensely loyl and a hater of the slavery rebellion, holding her union flag "sacred and keeping it with her Bible: that hoo the Confederates halted before her home and entered her dooryard she denounced them in vigorous language, shut her door in their faces, and drove them out; and when General Buinslde's troops followed close upon Jackson's, she waved her flag and cheered them. It is slated that May Quantrell. a brave and loyal lady In an other part of the city, did wave her flag In sight of the Confederate. It Is possible that there has been a blending of the two incidents-. ' The difficulties confronting the historian, it will be conceded, are immeasurably heightened by the Am, for illustration. in a more recent time, there is con flict of testimony over the "Lafay ette, we are here!" once attributed to General Pershing, later ascribed to Colonel Stanton, who visited the tomb of Lafayette In company with Pershing, and again, only recently. credited by no less an authority than Marshal Foch to General Pershing. "We can start at once; we made preparations on the way," said to have been the answer of Admiral Sims to the British admiralty's ques tion, "When willyou be ready?" is now declared by more careful in eiulrers to have been uttered by Commander Taussig, but the Sims J tradition is hard to overtake. His tory is filled with incidents showing that people are not, deeply concernea with the minor differences between fact and fiction. The patriotic idea embodied in the Bafbana" Freitchie legend has taken hold of the imagi nation of a people, and the idea rather than the person will be per petuated, if. as is not wholly Ira- nrnhalile. Barbara shall win her place in the Hall of Fame. TKYTJiG TO ELUDE REALITY. Dr. A. A. Brill, a member of the faculty of New York university. translator of the works of Freud and j a leading American psychiatrist, makes a noteworthy contribution to current efforts to diagnose the ouija ooara craze in a statement in which he says that "the ouija board is used by people tho want to get some thing ror nothing." They are tnl to be the same people who would go to a fortune teller or a medium, though not all of them have done so. But the seeming marvels accom plished by the bewitched bit of fur niture sire, he says, due to the cir cumstance that "the ouija -board is not guided by ghosts but by the un conscious impulses of the persons who operate it. The Freudian theory that most of our unfilled wishes are relegated to the unconscious mind, whence they emerge only in sleep or in a kind of waking dream finds expression in the ouija board, among other ways. The "unconscious impulses," which in the Freudian psychology mean the unconscious attempts of the indi vidual to adapt himself to his en vironment, hold us constantly in thrall. We do not know Dr. Brill's authority for the estimate that' "only about one-eighth of our doings orig inate ifi consciousness," but a littl CO-OPERATION IN RESEARCH. Dean Thatcher of the department of agriculture of the University of Minnesota makes a strong point in favor of - co-operation in general scientific research in an article in School and Society in which he shows how important co-ordinated action has been proved to be in the case of agriculture. The former idea that research was purely individual, that "it was a sort of inner flame which was easily stifled by admin istrative restrictions," seems to be giving way before the broader con ception that solution of problems that concern society is likely to be facilitated by more socially "con ducted research. The borders of the field of human knowledge are to be pushed back, as Dean Thatcher puts it, not only by brilliant sorties into the field of the unknown by daring individual spirits, but also by great. organized mass attacks, having as their purpose the' pushing back of long sectors of the line. Professor Thatcher shows that lack of proper co-ordination between scientific departments in a public in stitution may have positively harm ful results, and cites a number ot classical examples. "It almost in variably happens that in any given institution some laboratory or group of scientists develops more rapidly than others, or brings its investiga tions to a conclusion and makes its results known before other phases oT the ' same general problem are studied." Thus It occurred only a few years ago that a new and seem ingly highly promising strain of wheat was developed by a plant breeder before its satisfactory mill ing quality had been demonstrated by the chemists of the same Jnstitu tion, and also before plant patholo gists had had opportunity to deter mine its resistance to plant diseases. Horticulturists once recommended general planting as a hardy orna- mental shrub of the barberry, which afterward proved to be a singularly disastrous host for the perpetuation of black stem rust of -Wheat a para site that, without the barberry as an intermediary, would have died natural death. Until federal regulations concern ing importation of new plants had been brought up to date as the re suit of the work of department scientists, numerous seemingly valu able fruits and grains were Intro duced into the country by explorers, adding to general crop production but carrying parasites which in new environment became a .menace to production as a whole. ' Western growers will recall without difficulty the costly introduction of new strains ot alfalfa. Development of extensiv reclamation projects, particularly in relation to- drainage, far in advanc VOCATIONAL RED TAPE. An impressive revelation of the deadening effects of bureaucratic red tape is being made through the in vestigation into the federal board of vocational education now in progress in Washington. The pertinacity of some of the fighting men, it is in dicated by testimony taken by the committee, has been a powerful in strument in procuring action that rom the beginning was hampered ty apparent lack of effective organ ization, overmanning of bureau of fices and widespread disinclination to accept responsibility for definite uction. xThe soldier witnesses at the hearing, who confined themselves to the facts of their own experience, constituted a severe arraignment of the system under which the law had been administered. ine case or John j. Davis, a cavalryman; reported in detail by the Washington correspondent of the isew iotk r.vening h-ost, is among the Interesting ones. Davis made ap plication ten months ago for train- ng in agriculture, the nature of his disability making outdoor work de sirable for him. He was discharged n April, 1919, and made formal ap plication, for training on June 1 Physicians of the war risk Insurance bureau examined him and rated him as disabled. 'From New York he traveled to Washington, where he encoutered a "courteous reception," and his papers were forwarded to Baltimore. There they were pigeon holed. But Davis was persistent, and in reply to repeated demands he re ceivea, arter some weeks, a request for another affidavit. The record discloses: The first suggestion for the recog nition of the deity on the coin of the- -United States was made by M. R. Watkinson of Ridleyville, Pa., who signed himself "Minister of the Gos pel," in a letter dated November 13. lSfii. says the Kansas City Times. He wrote to Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase suggesting the words "God, Liberty, Law," be inscribed on our .coins. Whether Secretary Chase was moved by this letter or not it is impossible to say, but it is a fact that a week later Mr. Chase sent a letter to the director of the mint at Phila delphia, in -which he said: "No nation can be strong except in the strength of God, or safe except in his defense. The trust of Our people in God should be declared on our national coins. You will cause without unnecessary delay, with a motto expressing In the fewest and tersest words possible this national recognition." The mottoes prepared by the di rector of the 'mint were, these: "Our Country; Our God," and "God, 'Our Trust." These did not wholly suit Secretary Chase, who commented upon them in a letter to the director of the mint. His letter: "I approve your mottoes, only suggesting . . that the frist should begin with 'Our God," so as to read 'Our God and Our Country," and that the motto on the shield, should be changed so as to read instead of 'God. Our Trust." 'In God W Trust.'" An act passed on April 22, 1S64, changing the composition of the 1 eent piece and authorizing the coin age of the 2-cent piece, gave author ity to the director of the mint, with the approval of the secretary of the treasury, to fix the devices of the 2 cent piece. "In God We Trust" first appeared on the 2-cent bronze piece. On March S, 1S63, an act was passed making it lawful for this motto to appear on such coins as will admit the inscription. Under this act the motto was placed on the J20. $10 and $5 gold pieces, and in the latter part of 1865 on the SO and"25-cent silver pieces. i As Told in Town. j By GrmcsfE. Hall. . lie leaves the haze of the smoky town When the east is aglow with rose. And takes the road that is winding out Through valleys serene and still; There are pools where the bushes bending down Give shade to the silver trout. And he wears a smile as mile on mle He covers the dale and. hill. He reaches at length the rushing stream When the morning sun first shows. With flies and tackle of modern mode Makes ready for thrilling joy; An urchin uncouth breaks up his dream As whistling, past he goes. With a willow pole to a near-by goal. With the nonchalance of a boy. . T1,. h.ill,'..! ...... T J . I,- a device to be prepared I ... . . - ..f n.. ,-..' The city nimrod is faint and worn From the strain of the fruitless days; When the basefoot urchin with crafty Strolls past with a glance of scorn; But pauses a while to watch and smile. And the stranger's basket weigh. There's a furtive bargain between the t wo The end of a perfect dream! The sunset splashes the western hill. The evening winds blow cool; Tomorrow the angler will thrill you through With tales of a mountain stream. Where you drag out trout 'til you're plumb worn out. From the depth of a foam-flecked pool! He had not been awarded training tr naa not oeen ocmea training. His name na oeen put on a loiaer. his papers had oeen piaceu in tne toiaer and seemingly the folder had been put swr- for all time. Although he had appeared at the central office of the board for training lea mgnins ,su. nuinini naa Happened. A Mr. Greenleaf figured in the testimony as a man connected with the -Washington office of the board who seemed to be in a position of authority.. This is another extract from the record: Did Mr. Greenleaf ever tell you why your case was 'not passed upon? uavis n said mat l was entitled to training and he did not see why I did not- get it. How lon-g has Mr. Greenleaf been 'telling you that yoij were entitled to training? . Xavis Since last June. Have you means .of your own to- live on while taking training? Davis No. sir. The case of Dan Edwards, who returned from France minus one arm and one leg, with one of his lungs affected by gas, the sight of one eye impaired and with an arti ficial drum in one ear, was even more flagrant. Evans had been rec ommended for a congressional medal of honor, but he would willingly have exchanged this prospect for a term in a vocational school. He was dis chargedfrom the army February 17, 1919, pxoved his disability, received temporary aid from the Elks fund and after several months was placed in school. He thought that his trou- ngton in 1791, when the president pent a night at a hotel at Freder ck, and it is said that on the day of his burial, eight years later, she took part as pall-bearer in an hon oiary funeral procession. From which it will be supposed that the Hauers were Well regarded in the community in which they lived and that Barbara was qualified by social position and personal talents to hold her own. The simple incidents of her life, however, have br-come the nucleus of a maze of contradictory state ments. The name, "Freitchie," also- written "Fritchie," was not acquired by Barbara until 1805, when as a maiden of 39 she became the wife of John Caspar Freitchie. a man of American birth, though the son of a German, and probabfy a tory dur ing the revolutionary war.- Mr. Freitchie was a 'buckskin "dresser and glove-maker, and carried on his trade until the time of his death in 1849 in the house subsequently made historical by the poet'c legend. Bar bara, then 83 years old, remained in her home, cared for by her kinsfolk. She was within three months of her OGth birthday, when, on Septem ber 6, .1862, the advance guard of General Lee's army, under Stone wall Jackson, entered Frederick. On the" .following day the main army -of the confederates ' occupied the city. One historian says: "The presence of the troops was obnox ious to Mrs. Freitchie, as to many other residents. Before hostilities began she had been heard ,to say: It will never happen that one short life like mine shall see the begin ning and end of a government like this!' and all during the stay of the confederates she expressed her union sentiments freely." Unfortunate for the romance, how ever, when on the morning of Sep tember 10 a part of the army under Jackson left Frederick on vits way to Harper's Ferry, passing Mrs. Freitchie's door as it did, Jackson, as has since been ascertained, turned off from the column at the ea end of the city to call at a friend's house, rejoining his men at so great a dis tance from the Freitchie home that the aged woman could not have 6een him if she had appeared at her win dow. On the name street that morn ing a union flag, or a union badge, it has not been established which, was displayed by a Mrs. Mary Quan- trell, and there Is a tradition that a confederate soldier attempted to take it from her, contrary to orders that no one should be molested. On one of these two incidents Whittier framed his poetic tale, which In eluded the lines: Up the street came the rebel tread, Stonewall Jackson riding ahead. Under his slouched hat left and right He glanced; the old Ut met his sight. "Halt!" the dust-browned ranks stood, last. "Fire!" out blaied the rifle blast. It shivered the window, pane and sash; It rent the banner with seam vnd gash. A Pacific fruit line is suggested as a possibly profitable venture fo thipplng men by Andrew Farrell in the- Pacific Marine Review. . He makes one's mouth water by telling of the pineapple, the banana, the breadfruit, the alligator pear, the avocado, the mango and other trop ical fruits which grow in the Ha waiian and Fiji islands, and which might be imported fresh by a line of fast steamers, also carrying tourists. The immense business which the United Fruit company has estab lished 6y cultivating the taste of Atlantic coast people for tropical fruit might be duplicated on the Pacific coast as population growa It would make a market for many of our products as return cargoes and would develop tourist traffic to the Pacific islands. A l H.tVE ME. THEN. KOIlGOTf 191S. SO SOO N Man is a creature of habit. He keeps his knife in the same pocket with his keys; he scratches his match in the same place and so on with a hundred unconsidered acts. Every thing has a fixed placewith him.. He knows how many steps go upstairs and how many go into the rrasement, for subconsciously he counts them; therefore, when during and after spring housecleaning he gets home late and bumps into one piece of fur niture after another, can you blame him for violent language and thoughts of murder? It is not at all surprising that "white collar men" are In the ma jority among applicants for marriage licenses in New York. A man who wouldn't spruce- up on his wedding day doesn't deserve to have a wife. Quick as It fell from the broken staff Dam Barbara seizeu tne siiKen scarf; She leaned far out on the window sill And shook it tortn wit.n a royal will. "8'noot. if you must, this o!d rray head. But spare your country s nag-," she said. And then, as every schoolboy knows, the climax, which in the poem runs: "Who touches a hair of yon gray Dies like a dog! March on!" he head said. Whittier evidently received a ver sion . of the story in which the Freitchie and Quantrell Incidents were Interwoven. A week after the confederate retirement, a large part of the main army of McClellan passed through Frederick and dur ing the march Mrs. Freitchie ap peared on her porch and waved a union flag at the men in blue. Later, it is also said, a union officer called to compliment her on her patriotism Confirmation of a verdict In a damage suit In Chicago, just seven teen years after the death of the plaintiff, is a demonstration of the law's delays that it will take a lot of argument to explain away. A 3t. Louis woman has just in herited $110,000, but says that she will continue to do her own work She is under no Illusions, evidently. as to lii e power ui mero wcuuu to obtain domestic service nowadays. If the report that Russian workers have voted to abolish holidays and work overtime is verified, we admit that we shall be Inclined to look little more leniently on the soviet system. Judging from the multiplicity of labor troubles just now, there is room left for education along the line that nothing but increased production can solve the problem of the H. C. L. There is hope for the bank teller who attributea his downfall the other day to "high living." He was at least honest enough not to blame It all on the profiteers. The "better restaurants" in Denver have stricken potatoes from the menu, thus disabusing our minds of the notion that mere expenslveness Is a sign or aristocracy. What the general public seems to want is a strike against -strikes, and the time seems to be about ripe for one. There is life left in Belgium yet when she is able to send troops to represent her in keeping peace at Frankfurt. A poet's wife has just received a divorce in New York a state, how ever, in which non-support is not a legal ground. The mailed fist In Germany is to give way to the iron broom. Well, here's hoping that the iron broom sweeps clean. Voluntary army training ought to be a go if somebody will invent a way of converting it into a sport with an attractive name. The Alabama fashion of wearing overalls might have a- chance of spreading if there were overalls enough to go around. Cherry trees beginning to bloom and the roads are developing chuck holes two infallible signs of spring. Georges Carpentier is said to have fifty silk shirts one, perhaps, for each George. "Tliraliana. the aiary oi Mrs. Thrale, a personal friend of Dr. .Sam uel Johnson, sometimes known as the "oman Boswell," was sold in Lon don recently for J3000 to. an linglish collector named McNeil. There are six volumes containing 16 pases. The origin of the diary is given in the first entry: "It is many years since Dr. John son advised me to get a little book and write therein all the little anec dotes coming to my knowledge." Mrs. Thrale took Dr. Johnson's ad vice and bought not one little book but six large ones, and filled them all. The volumes have been carefully pre served, being the property of Mrs. Coleman, great-granddaughter of Mrs. Thrale's second husband. e The atmosphere of the smoking car lent itself to reminiscence, says the Home Sector. "Captain," asked the hardware alesman, "would you mind telling me how you lost your arm?" Not at all, not at all." replied the bronzed officer with the empty sleeve- 'It happened this way: We were due for another turn in the trenches the next day, so they were giving a dance for us that night back in the rest camp. A few welfare workers were there, and among them was the cutest little girl I ever met. I managed to dance with her most of the evening, and toward the end we wandred out in the moonlight 'Captain,' 6he said after a while, 'please remove your arm." And you know, she was such a lit tle queen I just couldn't refuse her." The Rev. Dr. Blank enjoys a well- deserved reputation in a southwest ern city for a certain agility of spirit which sometimes crystallise into epi gram. At a ministerial meeting in his city the conversation turned on a recent religious work which had ex cled considerable comment over th country. Doctor Blank ventured to criticise it mildly, whereupon a de vout colleague hotly took up the" cud gels in its defense. I tell you." he cried, "that book bears the marks of having been dic tated by the Holy Spirit himself.' That may be," said the doctor quietly, "but I have often read well- meant human Interpretations of tne divine message which might correct ly carry the notation I sometimes see on business letters, 'dictated but not read.' " Harper's Magazine. While the.lSth amendment was be ing ratified, state by state, no one, next to the brewers, snowed sucn signs of panic as hotelkeepers, re marks the New York Post. One would have thought that their mala busi ness was serving drinks and that pro viding meals and beds was merely In cidental or only a means of stimu lating thirst., One pictured the hotel- keepers calculating the weeks be tween them and bankruptcy. If one were of a philosophical turn, there was a chance to meditate upon the vagaries Of fate, which took an ar row aimed at the saloon and diverted It against the time-honored lnstitu tlon of the inn. Suddenly we hear from the hotelkeeper. But he is moan Ing no longer. Between chuckles he manages to impart the information that his waiters are rushed to death and that he Is at hfs wit's end to know where to put people. Every body has taken to food. The man who a year ago was drinking to ex cess now eats like a fish. There are, we gather, almost none who voice the old boast that they can eat it or let U alone. " "Girls Outstrip Men," says the head of Vassar college. But John D. Wells, in the Buffalo Evening News, denies it. Why, says John, making due al lowance for insomnia, putting out the cat, locking the side door and all the other things that 'occur to one after he has the covers drawn over his neck, a man can still cross the bor derland of sleep before a woman gets her hair off. How full the streets! With look in tent On his own ends each one is bent: Save when the flag goes waving by. When ever- hat is lifted high; Or, If a group In khaki pasees. Much room is made by all the masses. 1019. The war is done! Yet still we feel At victory's altar we should kneel Ami offer thanks for heroes rare. Htdvo deeds on land, or sea or air; Nor be ashamed of dewy eye When the deur flag goes floating by. too. , Another year! Time speeds alons: And life's again one grand, cweet song; t'arcless crowds with careless hearts Throne; avenues, and fashion's marts. The fiag goes by! A careless gtance From some, while others look askance. I.'KavoL And hue we then so soon forgot The thing for which our herot-s fought? To keep that banner free from Ftain. Where'er it floats o'er land or main? "TIs not a mere Insensate thing Of stars ..and bars, of twisted string. It stands' for freedom, hope and right. For honor, truth and civic might. . Salute your flag! man, woman,chlld Keep high idea'ls undefiled! America! America! f-God has been good to thee; Reuuite him then with patriot men From sea across to sea. .MARIAN D. MKilUr. A MDKWALK l-'Ol'NTAlN. See that pretty public fountain Spouting water from the mountain. How each jet with joy seems dancing . Like a warhorse gaily prancing. Proudly bounding from the plain. Flinging up and down his mane. What a charm of art refining Shows in lines of chaste designing h from sturdy stem upbendinp. Curve the graceful branches ending. hach in brilliant basin where Falls the blessing all may share. Passing thousands thronging daily. Frowning crone, lass laughing gaily, Anxious man or boy uncaring. Find trfeir feet to fount are faring; Stop to quaff its crystal flow. Sprightly onwaO then they go. - Grateful to its gracious donor Proud is Portland, now its owner; For its limpid streams unceasing Health and strength shall give in creasing; Prove to some lorn eoul perchatice Wholesome aid to temperance. JOHN L. VESTAL. A SOXti OF FIRELIGHT. Dancing firelight fairies in the fire- beam's golden glow; Music in each fllck'ring, gleaming, swaying to and fro; Merrily with cheery crack each red clad sprite appears. Leaping gayly, redly, dancing madly she careers. Rippling, dimpling shadow - bearers, crimson, golden, blue: Joyful racing, prancing madness, clad In brightest hue: Laughing, leaping, fluttering lightly, scintillating light In the wide-mouthed roaring furnace, red against the night. Each red sprite pursues her playmate through the redd'ning glare. Flickers, dances, flutters, wavers, falters, swaying there. With a final merry flourish of her crimson gown. The fire-sprite falls back quite life less, into ahes brown. LOIS SMITH. "The fact that I am a good musi cian." said a country lady, "was the means of saving my life during the flood in our town a few years ago." "How was that?" asked the young lady who sang. "Well, when the water struck our home my husband got on the folding bed and floated down the street till rescued." "And what did you. do?" "Why. I accompanied him .on the piano." Minneapolis Tribune. THE AXOHALT OF" TUB BLCE-COAT For fear of burglars every night, I He in bed and shake with fright; To hear a Blue-coat's friendly tread. Would soothe away that mortal dread How strange that just the other way. The p'liceman frightens me by day; When in my motor car I cross Each crowded street, I meet that boss. He frowns if I turnsWeft or right. Then looks as tho he'd like to bite: And when at me he wags his head. The shock oft kills my motor dead! But, If that traffic cop would save His awe-inspiring, manner grave. For vandals on a midnight beat. How snug and sound I then could sleep. L. B. H. Ls my POETRY. That land where she walks land! . -Where she sleeps there is beautiful n'ight! Only music , ls sweet where she lingers! Only suns where she sings can be bright! Even Eden itself were a desert. If she from Its bowers should rove: What is there when she has been taken To dreaming, to longing, or love? GUY FITCH PHELPS. A CITY SPARROW. Bird of the city street, Little alley urchin. Singing your "sweet sweet " To the hurrying throngs; . You have no care, wee urchin, For the flowery woodslde. But shower your golden songs Into the crowded street Bringing to the city ways The joys of April tide! VERNE BRIGHT.