THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, MARCH 7, 1920
11
OREGONIAN READERS AIR THEIR VIEWS ON VARIOUS TOPICS
. , , ,. , ... , I,., ' , . ' .... i - im r ' . - 1 . - - , , , ,,, .
Contributors Discuss Current News From Individual Standpoints in Budget of Interesting Correspondence. . v '
SATA-VS AGEXCY" QCESTIOXED
SplritnulNfs Test Held Too. Vn
talr by Eleanor Hall.
PORTLAND. Feb. 27. (To the .ai
tor.) I have read In The Oregonian
Mr. H. W. Cottrell's article declaring
that the materialized shapes at spirit
ual seances are not tne snape ui progressive lives? Strange teachings
dead friends but are rather tne mam- these, for devils.
testations of Satan. To prove his; No: our dear friends in spirit life
theory Mr Cottrell quotes copiously j can and do come to us to guide, guard
from that' most misquoted book on d protect us. They come with their
.u t.i ends wun tne: " "-
RESPONSIBILITY IS DISCUSSED
Passing the Buck to Oneself Is De
clared Good Joke.
manifest in the seances and homes
are evil-minded, why do they give so
much good advice and wise counsel?
Why do they warn us of danger that
is unknown to the recipients of their
messages? Why do they often heal
the . sick. comfort thtx snrrnwlnc.
;"",;":,:V6'r. 71 ."1': captioned "Murder Is Murder-
children of erfrth to live pure, upright, , most timely contribution on a subject
or the utmost gravity, and wnicn is
becoming obscured to a most alarm
ing extent as the direct result largely
virtue In himself ever envieth virtue
in others, and whoso is ont of hope
to attain another's virtue, will seek
to come at even hand byadepressing
another's fortune." There are many
plain words that could be spoken on
TAPnMA. Wonh K (To the
Editor.) The Oregonian's editorial . J""".""!'
is a
SPIRITUALISM IS LAUDED
Article . by Critic Declared , to Be
- . " Unreasonable. .
ear! h.
demand that the spiritualists tnem
selves give us "definite Information
with unquestionable proofs where
they were, what their occupations and
etanding rcre before they entered
their present bodies." This he de
clares is a reasonable test. Now the
writer of this letter is not a spiritual
ist. She has never really decided
whether these "bodies" which Mr.
Cottreil admits do exist are really
spirits or wonderful manifestations of
our own limitless sub-conscious pow
er over matter. But, open-minded as
h insiders herself, she can truth-.
fully say that she never heard a niore
preposterously unreasonable
as this one Mr. Cottrell has made at
. v, n;,.l,1ial(Kta-
Surely Mr. Cottrell never went to
spiritualism for his cata. i
Indeed enter that limitless field of In
vestigation for his information he
went as one,too greatly biased by his
own pet tleorles to do more than
glean a few Isolated bits which he
felt would serve to substantiate i s
already formed ideas. Such an atti
tude as he expressed is manifestly
unjust, both to the science of spirit
ualism and to the world. It is indeed
a great misfortune that the uniformed
public mind be fed on such prejudices.
This is the age of specialists.
Knowledge Is too large to be grasped
by any one man in its entirety. No
man can "know it all." Our ayetenv
has evolved great minds especially
fitted for the different branches of
learning. We call these men and
women "specialists" They give their
years and thought to their own par
ticular lines of endeavor and benefit.
the world greatly by tne emcieuL ar
rangement which enables them to do
so. No longer need there be hit or
miss theories on any subject. We all
recognize this truth. When we need
legal advice we consult the lawyer,
when we need medical advice we con
sult the doctor, or. finer still, when
we want to know anything about
such particular organs as the eye,
ear or nose, we go to that specialist
of specialists, the eye. ear and nose
doctor. But having visited one of
these specialists a few times we are
never conceited enough to insult his
i.n!no- iv ihinkine that we have in
those few "hours grasped all of what
took him many years to learn, ihen
whv. may 1 ask, do any of us have the
temeritv to think we have embraced
the whole subject of spiritual science,
the most mysterious specialty of them
all. after going to a few seances?
The writer desires: to add that if
Mr. Cottrell had felt impelled to warn
the public against spiritualism and
the evils of the indiscriminate prac
tice thereof he had but to go to the
piritualists themselves to have
gained sufficient data to have written
a really intelligent article. The truly
great spiritualists (Sir Oliver Lodge
included) all warn the public posi
tively against the indiscriminate
practice of spiritualism. One of such
has termed such practices "The Great
Psvdhologlcal Crime." He declared
that the "forcing" of spiritual devel
onment was as harmful to the medi
um as the picllag of its shell from its
tender body is to the unhatched chick.
He earnestly advised us to let good
ness and self-control do the unfold
ing of our spiritual selves. All au
thorities do not agree with this one
but all join in warning the public that
"a little (spiritual) knowledge is
dangerous thing." Mr. Cottrell does
well to cry out: "Danger, keep away!'
but he does wrong in trying to ex
nlain the nature of that danger with
out having made the requisite investi
gations
There is only one way for any of
us to learn whether spiritualism is
right or wrong, good wor harmful.
Let us consult the writings of the
Knppia.list.3 in spiritualism, not only
one. but many. Let us read all the
works obtainable on this most inter
esting subject in the world. Apd
above all,, let us keep our minds free
from prejudices, pro and con. It is
only by doing this that we will be
able to keep our mental poise and
meet with intelligent argument the
Knglish-born wave of spiritual in
vestigation which is rapidly inundat
ing America.
ELEANOR HALL.
der regard. They differ as much in
their personalities and mannerisms as
when in -die body. They identify
themselves by many convincing tests.
If We are dej?elveH and rhev are all
devils or fallen angels, I ask in the J
came of reason how are we to know
that all the inhabitants of earth are
not devils or fallen angels in disguise,
masquerading as fathers,
brothers and sisters?
If the evidence we have is not suf
ficient to prove that these visitors
from the unseen world are the spirits
of discarnate human beings, then in
deed evidence is inadequate to estab
lish any fact. We are told that the
Bible condemns communion with spir
its. Where, I would ask? If it is
wrong, why dio Jesus hold a seance
with Moses and Elias? Why did John
on the Isle of Patmos commune with
one of the prophets from the spirit
world? (See Rev. xxii:8-9.) The Bi
ble does condemn black magic; so do
all spiritualists. There is not a pas
sage in the Bible that condemns or
forbids communion with spirits, as
practice) by the spiritualists of today.
W. C.
of pernicious propaganda and mass
movement, viz: personal responsibil
ity. . -
The keynote of that splendid edi
torial is struck in the following sen
tences: "ft is not a question of capi
tal and labor.. It Is a question of
human guilt, and of personal ac
countability therefor."
When Daniel Webster was asked
i what was the greatest thought that
mis suDject duc tne time is not op-, t PORTLAND" -r
The splendid effort and , . vi"
conduct df our men Jn-the late war J "" :o commends to your
should be made to count for the high-i reaaers tne- letter appearing In The
est. They struggled to destroy mill-l rmng : uregonian, February 12
tarism forever, as they were told, but . cottrell,. as a better
motners, i v v, i ; t . ta
said he replied, The thought of my
personal responsibility to Almighty
God." -
There (s no domain of mental ac
tivity where man has displayed a
higher degree of dexterity, adroitness
and skill than in the invention of
cleverly devised delustions by which
to deceive himself.
The habit of shifting the blame, or,
as expressed in common , parlance,
"passing the buck," is as old as the
race, beginning with Adam, who
blamed Eve. and Eve. who blamed the
serpent, down to our day when we
do things by proxy, shift responsi
bility to "George" and establish an
alibi. -
The mother shifts the physical wel
what does the world gain by destroy
ir.g the venomous Berpent in Germany
only to transfer her fertile eggs here?
When our millions are trained,
whatever we may think or say, will
not alter the view of other' nations.
To them it will be a menace, and they
will think it necessary to prepare
against it by a concerted action, like
Prance, England and Russia did with
Germany. . We may persuade our
selves that we are very lamblike, but
other nations will cry wolf.
We shall immediately become en-
Tgulfed in what the late Sir Wilfrid
Laurier of Canada termed "The vor
tex of European militarism." The
mind and character of every future
male citixen will be governed at the
poll and in all his actions by the
taint of militarism, because these
principles will have become part of
their lives.
Australia's population is decreas
ing already. Switzerland is unique
inasmuch' that it has declared itself
for centuries a permanent neutral,
and has been accepted as such by in
ternational law. ..
. The potential strength of .-the
United States in men, morals and
wealth, is- such "that no nation will
suddenly attack it, provided it- main
tains its tradition of no "mailed fists"
which is the only instrument known
MILITARISM. NOT AX JSSCE
Party Capital Cannot Be Made
From Service Bill.
BELIEF IX SPIRITS ASSERTED
Bible Holds Xo Condemnation of
Communion With Departed Ones.
VANCOUVER, Wash., Feb. 28.
(To the Editor.) I have noticed nu
merous letters appearing recently in
the secular press treating on spirit
ualism, both pro and con. Some of
the opponents of spiritualism admit
the genuineness of the phenomena,
but deny that incarnate human spirits
are the agencies that produce them
and ascribe all of the various phe-.
nomena to malevolent spirits that
have never worn the garb of flesh.
but are the rebellious entities that
were cast out of h"?aven with their
master, Satan. Just at this point 1
wish to ask these writers how they
came into possession of this knowl
edge. No doubt they are ready to an
swer thafthe book of Jude refers to
these fallen angels. . In Jude we read:
"And the angels which (who) kept not
their first estate, but left their own
habitation, he hath reserved in ever
lasting chains under darkness unto
the judgment of the great day."
It would be interesting to have our
opposing friends explain how these
fallen angels (?) can visit the seance
rooms, and the tens of thousands of
private homes where the phenomena
In great variety are daily occurring,
when they are bound in chains under
darkness and will be unto the judg
ment of the great day, if the passage
quoted in Jude is true.
Still others contend that devils per
sonate our departed . loved ones and
friends and deceive us. Will our ob
jectors to the spiritualistic hypothe
sis kindly tell us where these terrible
devils came from? If God is the cre
ator of all -that -is-, - he must be the
father of these lying, deceiving devils.
If he did create them, for what pur
pose were they created? And has he
no power to thwart their evil pur
poses. And counteract' their malevo
lent influences. Are these devils
wirer and more powerful than God?
Are they omnipresent?
The phenomena, are. transpiring All .
.ever the whole civilized world and
la hundreds of instances at the sme
time. They must be omnipresent, to
know the Mines -of 4fee -fifteen hun
dred millions f earth: all about their
private affairs yes. even their secret
thoughts. Does it not seem . most
wonderful that these devils can imi
tate the mannerisms, peculiarities and
Idiosyncrasies of the whole human
fxmiXyi U the intelligence that
PORTLAND, Feb. 28. (To the Edi
to.) The evident attemfct to make
party capital of the problem of uni
versal military training i is seen in
every line of The Oregonian editorial,
"Back to Pacificism,' Thursday. Not
the merits of the issue, but party ad
vantage is all you seem to see in the
question. "There is not a subject on
which the republicans could with
more advantage place themselves in
opposition to the declared sentiment
of the democrats." Here is a sugges
tion, fellow republicans, that will
bring you many voles. But It is this
sort of political outlook which dis
gusts right thinking men. Instead of
following sentiment for the votes to
be gained, let the republican party
face the issue fairly and decide their
platform upon that basis It is evi
dent that sbme thir.gs have been for
gotten. When America entered the
war we Yvere assured that the only
purpose was to "crush militarism."
The young men of America went out
to foreign service with the spirit of
holy crusaders, believing that they
were to fight the last "war against
war." Our sons laid down their lives
"over there" for their faith in the
principle that "right makes might."
We fought to crush Prussianism with
its doctrine that "might makes right."
Most patriotic Americans do not be
lieve that arms is the last resort of
nations in settlement of disputes. You
say, "back to pacifism," tut we
fought, with 'our eyes set upon the
day "when the -war drums throb no
longer, and the tattle flags unfurl, in
the parliament of can, the federation
of the world."
An international agreement which
would eliminate war was held out to
the world as the aim of the allied na
tions The war for a "lasting peace"
was won and the agreement was
reached in the peace conference,
which is at least the noblest attempt
ever made to abolish war, with its
attendant waste of life and property.
The other great powers have signed
the agreement, thereby prong their
sincerity. But Americans are asked,
before their representatives have
given the league a chance, to begin
the exercise of a distrust that can
but result in national disaster. We
are now askcj to get ready for the
next war, when the nations of the
world are on the verge of bankruptcy
from the last catastrophe. With
tlMusan 3s starving to doath in foreign ,
lands we are asked to appropriate :
millions; for a larger navy and army, j
If we adopt universal military train
ing in America we then admit that
not right but might is the basis of
peace. Having beaten the Germans
shall we now adept the policy that
brought them ruin? It is either, on
to pacifism or back to nMlitarism.
A pacifist is not a quitter but one
who believes that there is a better
way to settle international disputes
than by war. Lit the peace delegates
get together before the resort to arms
and war will not be neces.'-ary. Let
reason replace paspion. That is what
the league of nations means. Because
of America's fiiiure to ratify the
treaty the nations of Europe are
turning to the old principle of na
tionalism, with Its secret agreements
and selfish aspirations. Shall the
rew day of peace promised by such
lenders as Wilson, Tart and Lowell in
this country and Lloyd George and
Grey in England, be turned into "der
tag" whn hate and jealousy shall
again begin Its fearful harvest? We
have been promised better things.
America is for the lcaguo of nations,
and if put Into effect It will show
any attempt at the imitation of mili
tarism to be inrincere.
I understand that the American
Legion has in its vote favored uni
versal military training. I cannot but
wonder If that represents the real
feeling of America's service men. It
was my privilege to be In many of
the caatonments and training sta
tions during and following the war. I
stood on the docks as many of our
men set their feet upon the home soil
after their service In France. I min
gled with them Intimately and I had
many testimonies that the "ninety
day men," both officers and privates,
served quite as acceptably as the
regular In the rout of the Germans.
American intelligence and ingenuity
were more than a match for the Ger
man military automatons, although
the literacy tests were as high in the
German army as in our own. They
said, "No militarism for us."
Let righteousness be our prepara
tion, and peace will he our reward.
Prepare for war and you will get it.
The argument that our young men
need physical training is well taken.
Let us have it. But physical training
and military training are as different
as a prizefight and a track meet. One
makes a brute the other a skillful
athlete with sound body and mind.
I am pelther a democrat or a re
publican by party affiliation. My
vote shall go the party with the plat
form which best safeguards the inter
ests of the nation and the peace of the
world. If the republican party is to
"assume "f esponsrbtlity for the aspira
tions of the militarists I feel certain
that as a vote getter It will prove
disappointing. The world looks to
America still for the leadership that'
shall guide to a reconstruction based
on right relations and mutual helpful
ness. The great Christian forces of
this nation will not be betrayed into
a policy of duplicity that can but viti
ate their influence for righteousness
and peace. OWEN T. DAY. '
rare or ner cnua to tne nurse, tne , mllii.rv thnrht
secular education to the public school, Mr. Barnes seem, to think' that a
its religious culture to the fcunday person who selects hls asS0ciates is
school, church, preacher, priest, rabbi,
and on to the higher institutions of
learning.
The citizen shifts personal respon
sibility in community relationships to
the ward heeler, the, alderman, the
mayor, the governor, the congress
man, the president. -
The confirmed criminal whose mind
has become obsessed with the insane
idea that society owes him a living;
that he is too smart to engage in
honest toil, contributes nothing to so
ciety but its criminal code, courts and
prisons; and then, when society em
ploys his own contribution for its pro
tection against him, he rants like an
anarchist and raves like a maniac
vows deathless vengeance upon soci
ety as the one and only cruel Nemesis
that haunts his footsteps, the one
brutal and barbaric agency that
seized him as an innocent youth and
degraded and deformed him into a
hard-ened though clever (?) criminal.
The up-to-the-minute psychologist
tells us man is composed of three dis-
inct "selves" the material "self." the
social "self," the spiritual "self."
A very alluring and popular cult
informs us that man is not material;
he is spiritual. He cannot commit
sin, since sin is non-existent; sin is
a false concept, an illusion, a lie, for
there is no matter, and therefore it
matters not!
Dr. Waite, the New York dentist,
who was electrocuted for the murder
of his father-in-law. declared in his
confession that the "little black man
from Egypt" was the real culprit.
This silly piffle and idiotic drivel
relating to a duality of personality
received a forceful Impetus from the
graphic though grotesque story of
"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde."
Inasmuch as no spectroscope or
scalpel has yet been devised by which
to separate the various "selves." de
tach and determine the degree of
their respective culpability, and ap
portion a just and equitable penalty
therefor, the courts must continue to
jog along with their antiquated pro
cedure of recognizing only individual
responsibility, and impose sentences
on single personality. .
The time may come when Inventive
ingenuity and scientific, mental and
moral surgery will catch up with
these advanced (?) metaphysicians
and magicians, psychologists and
prestidigitators. Then judicial tribu
nals will be. able to determine with
mathematical accuracy and scientific
precision the exact degree of guilt
belonging to the different fractional
selves, and apportion to each its just
deserts.
The material "self" will be sent to
the penitentiary; the social "self to
the house of correction; the spiritual
"self to the asylum for the feeble
minded; the "little black man from
Egypt" to the electric chair; the rav
ing Dr. Jekyll to the madhouse, and
Mr. Hyde, the genial gentleman of
polished manners and cultured mind,
to congress.
"Passing the buck" te oneself and
then to one another would be the one
best joke on the human race were it
not the most terrible tragedy of all
time.
All our efforts to reform the world
are not only utterly unavailing, but
a hypocritical pretense until we first
of all set our own individual house in
order. For
To thine own eelf be true;
Then follows as the day the night.
Thou canst not be false to any man.
JAMES T. MINEHART
a . snob." Well, I would rather De a
"snob" than a "libertine," but purity
does not produce a "snob." The pur
est life that ever lived selected his
associates, befriended the lowly, and
suffered for his principles. '
The "snob" was in the Roman army
then, and all the armies in the world,
have had the highest rating of snob
bishness ever since. -
My friend says, my letter is" fool-,
ish. The Persian sage said:. "Eool
thou must be, though wisest .of the
wise, then be thou fool of virtue, not
of vice." : FATHER.
WILSOX'S STAXD IS UPHELD
Jealous Senate Is Blamed for De
lay to Treaty. '
WALLA'WALLA, Wash., Feb.. 28.
ARMY TRAIXIXG DISCUSSED
Concentrated Camp Life Is Con
demned by Correspondent.
PORTLAND, March 6. (To the Ed
itor.) In answer to A. Barnes in The
Oregonian of February 14, permit me
to state that we quite understand
tha,t any civil or moral benefit ob
tained in the army is a by-product,
and so is the evil influence a by
product. We do not suggest that the army
of any country aims at the destruc
tion of morals. It is the condition,
environment and atmosphere of con
centrated camp life that we condemn.
Most of us have passed, through pub
lic schools, but it is an insult to com
pare public schools with army camps.
We are told contact with evil is only
injurious to the evil. Why do we
segregate our prisoners? If contam
ination is injurious to the moral
standing of criminals of various de
grees, how much more should we
guard against it in the youth, out of
which all our criminals come? He
has not seen "one lowering his stand
ard in the army." "Thou dost pro
test too much." If my friend will
consult the army medical reports, of
any, or all the armies of the world,
for any of the last 50 years, and com
pare them with the civil medical re
ports, be will be better able to judge.
May be, my friend is not a father,
for the childless are all experts in
giving advice regarding that which
they know not of, find his letter sa
vors of the expert. To him there ie
no significance in the beautiful
words "Lead us not into temptation,"
nor In the precept, "Evil communica
tions corrupt good manners." These
words are too simple for such as he.
(To the Editor.) In your editorial,
"The Anti-Climax," The Oregonian
implies that the United States', depre
ciated standing in world affairs is the
fault of the president.- You becloud
the issues. The election of a republi
can congress did not mean that. the
president should surrender to anyone
his right, to make and submit treaties
to the senate He was elected by the
people with this authority for a full
four years. Though the republicans
made political talk out of. the presi
dent's request, for af democratic con
gress to co-operate . with him,' .yet
the country has paid dearly .for. not
following his advice, because the re
publican congress has failed to settle
the peace treaty- issue, as well as
having failed to pass any other much
needed legislation. . It is true that
had the president forgotten.hls better
friends and taken Senator Lodge
along to help with the treaty the lat
ter could probably have arranged
with his colleagues to get the treaty
through, for it has sorely hurt them
that the president is to have all. the
honor for the treaty.
The president is only to blame for
our present state of foreign rela
tions' if his work has not been well
done and if the American people do
not approve it. It is unmistakably
certain that a big majority of the
people favor-compromise between the
Lodge and democratic reservations,
yet the republicans in the senate
have just refused to modify the Lodge
reservations, so the fault for delay
Is theirs. . -
The president has done his work
and submitted the treaty to the sen
ate for its advice and consent. Yet
it withholds its advice and consent
In spite, of a great public demand.
If the president has ever been blind
to public opinion'' the senate has
proved both deaf and-blind in this
matter. I don't see any of the tech
nical objectors to this league submit
ting any plan for a league of nations
that is burning any. portion of this
old world np with enthusiasm. The
onlv reason our eople want any res
ervations at all of this leagufe is be
cause they think' it would have a
better chance to get by a jealous sen
ate. But why should America-ask reser
vations at all?. Our allies had to
make greater sacrifices in this war
than we did-and they have taken the
treaty unconditionally, even the neu
tral kingdom of Spain, the republic
of Switzerland and the American
Brazil. If the treaty did not have
real merit such nations a these
would not be obliged to. take it if it
were not O. K.
The United States knows that she
will always stand for the right; that
if wrong is done her by any nation
she can get ready for war as quick
as any and that she will always fight
to uphold her rights, league er no
league. The treaty will probably
have to be revised anyhow. In the
light of working experience. What do
reservations to allow us this and
that special privilege get us, anyhow,
in the way of world leadership and
respect? In view of the fact that the
Monroe doctrine and our former pol
icy of Isolation failed to keep us out
of the last war such reservations will
only tend to give us a false sense ol
protection against war. '
LEWIS R. BURNS.
man-average specimen of the kinu
oi enort oeing put forth to hold back
the oncoming tide of spiritualistic
knowledge.. How futile it Is and how
unreasonable any keen observer may
know. .
The Christian Bible contains truths
that make it virtually the word of
God. But the gentleman in its use
ignores the very foundation prin
ciple of its interpretation as laid down
by -the Master himself: "The letter
killeth, the spirit Ziaketh alive." One
of the most commOnfy known facts
i miu uioie is, tnat almost any-
' nnA mav finj .. . . .
...iu ouhic support in it lor
his own theological kinks, which is
proof evident that-one must go back
of thie exterior, literal, -part to the
opim vi ic as a wnoie. Because one
may find jt teaching that it required
several Gods to create the earth, in
six days of 24 hours' length, and that
after, it "was created it was found to
be ,flat and that the sun arises and
travels over the heavens from ea4t
to west while the earth remains sta
tionary, does not invalidate the book
as a guide in character building and
fitness to enter" into a greater world
of activity about which the Old Testa
ment writers had scarcely any con
ception. ' .
.If the spiritual philosophy, the dem
onstration of the nearness and nos-
ihility of conscious communication
-with that other world, rested upon.)
ucn superficial reasoning as is used
against it would not be worthy of no
tice. But It is based upon a world of
accumulated facts beginning with the
oldest records we possess and contin
uing right on down to the present day,
wnen we are now coming to under-,
stand that there is a fundamental law
which every voice and every sign that
nascome irom the other plane of life,
whether coming, as from a God or
from any other intelligence, had to
use.. That this law was not under
stood is no more strange than that
only until recent years did the world
know anything aiout the law control
ling the use oiVelectriclty. although
its power has always been felt and
in the time when mediums were mis
understood, and called wizards they
said that the shafts of lightning were
signs of God's anger. Never could one
of the hundreds of signs and messages
have come that are related in our
Bible, but there was a medium pres
ent, exactly the same today.
very likely all persons have this
potential psychic quality but it seem
to come forth spontaneously wit
some, just as the musical instinct
blooms forth qjjickly in one person
wnue another must labor and etrug
gie to develop it. One. is as much
gift of God as the other and should
be treated in that way. If one uses
the musical instinct for base purposes
we do not condemn music itself.
Allow trie to say, in closing, that it
will be quite easy for those who have
the devil theory to shake off that ob
session" if they will only break, out
oi tneir theological prison , and ge
"iiw wuu sunnnine or trutn.
1' - CHARLES F. BARBER.
or 8-cent fare is necessary to.elim-.a legal deed to real property wben
in ate.- As a matter of fact the com- the title rests In her name, without
pany has not defaulted upon any of! the signature of her husband?
its financial obligations and is not READER."
iiKeiy to ana its mommy statements,
always show a surplus.'-' j
A peculiar ieaiure vi mew rro-.
No.
with these clarifying reservations Is
defeated, which now seems more ha
likely, or if the league is ratified with
the Lodge reservation to Art. X then
tht, leaerue will be the dominant Issue
in .the coming presidential campaign.,
T Dra.tMt WIlsATI William I
-.'. . ,V n.illni im that th .nhloW nf ran.
Gibbs McAdoo and ueroert nopiir - - - elrMrl urnu
three of the g r e a t e s t - patriotic, .enable rate I. seldom discussed. SNOWFALL VEflY SCANTY
v. -V.m in nnr ooun- everything seems to depend upon the "7" wli I I
try. I heartilv indorse the policies 1 company's sbility to earn s certain
V . : v. , i Dercentaare upon a certain sum of
or president vvuson, um uc -"" -., i.i,.-, -j ...
candidate! -..w..v ,,.n..,u. --(
aucxiou oi expenses re evrr men"
and will not be & third term
for the presidency. IT William wddi
McAdoo is nominated for president .he
will get my unqualified support. On
the other hand if the league is the
dominant issue, and Herbert Hoover
approves of oui platform and takes
a firm stand thereon,. ana is nomi
nated for president by. the national
democratic convention, he will have
my hearty support. " ' -
I will appreciate votes at the pri
mary for delegate at large to the na
tional democratic convention, but
don't instruct me whom to vote for as
a candidate for president, for I fear
I will be unable to carry out those
instructions. T. H. CRAWFORD.
CARFARE SOLUTIOX OFFERED
HE COULD . SUPPORT EITHER
Judge Crawford Admires McAdoo
and Hoover? Wants Xo Instructions
PICKET RULIXG'IS IXDORSED
Unions Should Xot Use Uniform in
Gaining Ends, Is Opinion.
PORTLAND, Feb. 28. (To the Edi
tor.) Judge McCourt, in granting an
injunction in favor of Greenfield Shoe
company, permittee the use of one
picket. A number of people have
commented on the fact that the pi eke:
stationed in front of this store is
wearing a portion of the army uni
foririj at least so far as his coat and
hat are concerned.
The grievance against the Green
field stores was that they refused to!
discharge nonunion men and have
come out tor tne American plan,
which permits equal opportunities for
all. Recently the business men of
LA GRANDE, Or., March 4. (To the
Editor.) The interview with me pub
lished in The Oregonian Thursday is
substantially correct, but is somewhat
misleading. It is my understanding
that neither Mr. McAdoo " nor Mr.
Hoover is a candidate for the nomi
aation for president. Mr. McAdoo
will accept the democratic nomination
if it comes to him voluntarily and
unsolicited. Mr. Hoover, jnay accept
the democratic nomination if the prin
ciples and platform of the convention
meet his approval. Neither one o
them desires his name placed upon
the primary ballot in : any of the
states. . They both desire the dele
gates to go to convention uninstructed
and unpledged to any man.. For this
reason I am against the Oregon demo
cracy's instructing its - delegates to
vote for any certain man for the
nomination for president.
Again, the dominant issues in the
next presidential election are not yet
made, and will not be made until the
conventions meet and adopt their
platforms. We fought and won the
late war to gain a world peace of
justice. We are entitled to the fruits
of that victory. The fundamental
principle controlling us was an
nounced by President Wilsen to be
"That the people of every nation both
great and small have the inherent
right to select their own form of gov
eminent, make their own laws and
control their own internal and do
mestic affairs without interference by
any other nations." This is the funda
mental, underlying principle of the
covenant of the league of nations.
This principle is stated In Art. X of
the league as follows: "The members
of the league undertake to respectand
preserve as against external aggres
sion -tae territorial integrity and ex
Isting political independence of all
members of the league." The Lodge
reservation to Art.' X as I understand
it, repudiates this and says that the
United States will not undertake any
such obligations. Art, X is the very
heart of. the league. This Lodge res
ervation cuts the heart out of the
league and destroys it. The league Is
in no sense a super state.. It simply
investigates, hears, determines and
recommends what ought to be done in
certain events in order to put down
or prevent war. It leaves to the sev
eral members of the league tv carry
out or not in a constitutional nd
lawful way its recommendations. If
does not impair, destroy or modify
our Monroe doctrine, but on the other
hand it recognises it. It does not
impair or abrogate any rights guaran
teed by our constitution, or the sole
power of the congress to declare war
or authorize the use of the military
or naval forces therein. It impliedly
at least recognizes these rights and
powers.
No advocate of the league, not even
the president, objects to clarifying
reservations making these Implica
tions specific. I am for ratification
of the league with these clarifying
reservations. I am uncompromisingly
opposed to ratification with the Lodge
reservation to Art. X. It ratification i
Management, XoU Hates, Is Prob
lem, Declares Writer.
PORTLAND, Feb. 28. (To the Ed
itor.) "There are equities in the matter-
calling for more consideration
than merely the immediate financial
distress of the corporation, says
William F. Woodward in closing his
article in The Oregonian on the sub
Ject of street-car service ana rates.
Here is a mighty text standing out
like a beacon light In the waste of
theory, impractical ideas. Insincerity
and misapplication of racts wnicn
have surfeited the public for the past
three years. ' ' '
Why not get back to. first princi
ples now and' steer by this beacon,
which should'' have governed the
course at the outset?
Supreme law teaches-' that the in
terest of the public In such cases is
for paramount consideration, what
ever equities the company may pos
sess being of secondary Importance,
but the proceedings from " the start
seem to have been oredicted upon the
reverse of . this principal. That the
company never could have maintained
confiscation 'proceedings In any court
based upon its franchise contract for
a 5-cent fare goes without saying,
but aside from the franchise contract,
I venture the assertion that no court
would have accepted the testimony
which has been Introduced at various
hearings of the public service com
mission as evidence of a confiscatory
rate, if the findings of Justice Hughes
in the Minnesota rate cases were fol
lowed, as they must be.
But the public service commission'
exercises powers superior to those
of any court In this respect. Its
judgment is supreme if there is any
evidence, good, bad or Indifferent.
It is the superior in power even of
the legislature because Its acts are
not subject to the referendum and
in this respect It is also superior to
the people whose servant It is.
Possessing such extraordinary Ju
rticial and leelslative powers, tn
nubile - service commission 'should
nevertheless be governed in its find
inn-a hv the naramounl interest of tn
public and the public certainly does
not profit from higher carfares and
is under no obligation to pay them
unless service is demanded beyond
that which the company is obligated
to provide.
The obligation which the company
assumed under the conditions or u
franchise was a voluntary one.
was not solicited to engage in the
business here, nor did it propose as
a consideration of being allowed to
do so that the public should share
in the profits of its operations;
neither was any suggestion made that
the public . should ever assume any
deficit from its operations. It was
an arm's length proposition. They
wanted the entire field and a 100
per cent monopoly, and they got It
with all its advantages ana aisaa
vantages. They financed the ven
ture in their own way without the
advice or consent of the public
They, zealously looked alter tneir
rights. In the slx-tickets-for-a-quar-
ter case the company very promptly
took refuge in Its contract for a 5
cenC fare. In the bridge toll fight
the 'Company held out for Its alleged
riehts under an old contract and
finally compromised on a rate for
crossing-the bridges that was satis-
factorv and -advantageous to tnem.
nnrine the Jitney "epidemic- tne
street-car company's earnings reached
a low ebb but they were game ana
no attempt was made to increase tares
tn recouo earnings at tnat time,
They managed to pull through tnat
distressful period witnout appealing
to the public service commission or
the courts. Now tne Jitneys nave
hun stifled, street car traffic Is
nearly 100 per cent greater and the
company! monopoly wnicn it ao
liberately established ia 1906 is un
impaired,' still it is proposed to fur
thfw Increase the fare.
It,. Is conceivable, or course,, tnat
private corporation performing a
public service migni reacn a pnii
where after exercising the highest
decree-, of skilled management and
long continued sonciiuae ior tne in
terests of the public oecarae n
neiiient and necessary for the pro-
. m ii .
tectlon ot an to appeal ior icci
and co-oneration. To such a situa
tion would necessarily be attached
a complete, sincere, honest and frank
xnnsitlon of all the facts in the firil
light of publicity, without propaganda
and unhampered Dy tecnnicaimes, to
gether with some concessions, per
haps. But in the local problem, all
those elements are absent.- We are
met with a demand supported by a
ass of prepared data. mucn. or n
irrelevant, highly theoretical, com
posed of msary estimates and assump
tions, all presented in a pugnacious
spirit.
Primarily tne company aemanas as
a right, to earn 7 per cent upon a
value tentatively fixed by the public
service commission In 1917 to which
has been added the company's Own
igures for subsequent expenditures.
The records show clearly that the
valuation fieura emnloyed as a basts
in no sense the actual physical
aluatlon at all but is a composite;
gure involving many estimates, as
sumptions and theories. It embraces
ucn items as an estimated propor
tion -of the water power plant as
signed to Portland street railway
Derations amounting to over j,ou,-
000- and A variety of other intangible
Items aggregating a large amount.
This valuation is always the basis
or starting point for the assertions
not only of the company but others
that a deficit exists and that a t. 1
tlpned,
My investigation of the company's
affairs long ago convinced me that
the street railway property, if con
servatively capitalized and operated
efficiently, would be able to pay Its
way at a S-cent fare, but that what
ever the amount of the fare, the
property never will be able to carry
the excessive debt charged against
it together- with the enormous items
of actual and estimated operating ex
penses. ' x
The question now before the public
as I view it and as I think the records
show. s not shall the rate be fixed at
a fair and reasonable figure. Just
to the company and the"' patron, but
shall the public pay the company 7
per cent on an assumed valuation of
nearly $19,000,600, accepting its state
ment for charges to operating ex
penses as proper. I have not. seen
anything but the latter in this last
or the (-cent case. .There never has
been any determination bf what a
fair and reasonable rate is or should
be and until .the lawful elements of
a reasonable rate are applied there
never will be. The fact. If it be a
fact, that the company does not earn
8 or 7 per cent upon a fixed sum is
far removed from a 5 or 6-ccnt fare.
Rates reasonable or otherwise can
not be figured out by engineers and
accountants to a "mathematical cer
tainty. As a matter of fact the com
pany never yet earned T per cent upon
the valuation claimed even when it
was paying dividends and had a large
surplus, and never will, regardless
of the rate because it Is not in the
business.
The solution of the street-car prob
lem is management, not rates.
KDWARD M. COUSrtV.
427 Railway Exchange Building.
of rVpth Considerably Below Wafer
ahed Average.
JV.L.AA1 ath FALLS, March . (Spe
del.) Three and one-half feet of
snow lies on the watershed of the
Crater Lake National park. uy H. K.
Momyer, assistant park superintend
ent who Is here for a short visit.
Usually there la three or four tlmrs
as much at this season.
Last year the depth of the snow In
early March was 11 feet and the
average depth for the past four years
has been 11 feet.
Only six inches of snow fell In the
last storm, and the prospects for any
considerable snowfall between now
and summer are nrglirlhle.
ID
APPLY SAGE IEA
Another Family af Smiths.
PORTLAND, Or., March 4. (To the
Editor.) Regarding a statement
March 3 in The Oregonian I wish to
state that Charles Smith of Seattle is
in no way related to Hrltt Pmlth.
Will you kindlv make ths correc
tion? MRS. LOUIS C. SMITH.
Sister of Brltt Smith.
Deed rd Husband's Slsnure.
PORTLAND, March 4. (To the
Editor.) rn a married woman give
Look Toun! Brine: Hack Its
Natural Color, Gloss and
Attractiveness.
Common garden sage brewed Into
a heavy tea with sulphur added, will
turn gray, streaked and Tided hair
beautifully dark and luxuriant. Junt
a few yipplKvii tons will prove a reve
lation if your hair is fading, streaked
or gray. Mixing the sag tea and
sulphur recipe at home, though. Is
troublesome. An easier way la to
get a bottle of Wyeth'a Sage and Hul
phur Compound at any drug store all
ready for use. This Is the old-time
recipe Improved by the addition ef
other Ingredients.
While wispy, gray, fndxd hair Is
not sinful, we all desire to retain our
youthful appearance and attractive
ness. By darkening your hair with
Wyeth's Sage snd Sulphur Compound,
no one can tell, hecatift tt doen U so
naturally, so evenly. Vou Jimt damp
en aponge or sort brush with It snd
draw this through your hair, taking
one small strand at a time; by morn
ing all grey hairs have disappeared,
and, after another application or two,
your hair becomes beautifully fl:irk,
glossy, soft and luxuriant. Adv.
"California Syrup of Figs"
,For a Child' Liver and BoweU
Mother! Say "California," then you will
get genuine "California. Syrup of Figs." Full
directions for babies and children of all ages
who are constipated, bilious, feverish, tongue
coated, or full of cold, are plainly printed on
the bottle. . Children love this delicious laxative.
v. Vw'T
!.,".V" ' Ilk.
. Vi felv.VSv. 2: ?j
Your Hair Needs Danderine
IfBBVaVaVaVA-aBVaVMala-aVaaaV-WBVaSMaaBVa
Save your hair and double its beauty. You can have lots of
long, thick, strong, lustrous hair. Don't let It stay lifeless,
thin, scraggly or fading. Bring tack its color, vigor and vitality.
Get a 3 S-cent bottle of delightful "Danderine" at any drug or
toilet counter to freshen your scalp; check dandruff and falling
hair. Your hair needs stimulating, beautifying "Danderine"
to restore its life, color, brightness, abundance Hurry, Girls I
Aft
IHIWlMMftf
this cltv made every effort to secure
I wonder if he would accept Emerson J employment for returning, service
as an authority.
Emerson, in his Essays, says: "It
makes no difference in looking back
five years, how you have been dieted
or dressed, whether you have lodged
in the first floor- or an attic, whether
you have been carried in a neat equi
page or in a ridiculous truck; but it
counts much whether we have had
good companions in that time, almost
as much as what we have been doing."
Bacon saicL "O man that hath- no
men. A great many comments are
being made as to whether servicemen
are to be used for the persecution oi
Uousiness men. No one questions, of
eouree, the ngnt oi a service man to
belong to the union, but at -iast he
should not wear the government's
uniform to convey the impression that
the American Legion or the govern
ment was a party to the persecution
of business men.
THOMAS McCUSKER.
532SS51
Rtib Backache Awaij.
Back hurt you? Can't straighten
up without feeling mdden pains,
sharp aches and twinges? Now listen!
That's lumsago,' sciatica or maybe
from a etraln. and you'll get blessed
relief tho moment you rub your back
with soothing, penetrating "St, Jacobs
Oil." Nothing elso takes out soreness,
lameness and stiffness so quickly.
Vou simply, rub it on and out cornea
the pain. It is perfectly harmless and I
ooesn i Durn or mecoior tne Kin.
Limber up! Don't sufftr! Get a
small trial bottle from any drugstore,
and aftei using it just once, you'll
forget that you ever had backache. "
lumbago or sciatica, because your
back will never hurt or cause any fMi ofllce
more misery. ' It never dlsnnno'nts
nu has been recomiueiiui-u ior bu
yeaxs. Adv. .
CAN BE CURED
Free Proof To You
all I want is your same and sdrireoi so f ran (end roo a free trial
creatment. I want you jiut to fry this treatment that ail last
try It. lost ray only nrome. ,
I've been In the Ketail Drug Bininen for tn yesra. I am rreaidetu er the taritan Srati
Board of Pharmacy snd I'rejidenlef the Ketail IHnrr-la' Aaaecielioo. Nesrly fn- In Hm
Wayne knows me and Icnowa loul my urwwrul Ireslment. Over twelve thousand flv
undred Men, Women and Children oiitiitie of Knrt Wayne have, srenrdiuc to thar no aUte
nenta. been cured hy thia treatment ainoe I nrt made this oner pii'ihr.
If you har Eczema. Itch, Salt Rheuna. Tetter never mind hew had my treatment hai
aired the worat cases I ever asw give an a chance te preve any claim.
Send sne roar name and addn-M oa the eennnn below and ret the trial treatment I want tt
lend yoa FREE. The wonders aranriDliaked in your eo-a cm will be arael.
Ml CUT aNO aav TOaV saaasawsassasiaal
awnonnnnanatnMnnaMaaaa
I. C. HUTZELL, Drugjlst, No. 3497 West Mfti St, Fort Way. Itvd
Please send without cost or obligation to me your Fret Proof Treatment
Stat
f tract and No
I'.: