8
TIIE SUXDAT OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, 3IARCIT 7, 1920
r ; power, iiritain and .
1!1TIi;jTYlJrj?rrnniriII. exhausted by war and finding their
' ; working people honeycombed with
established Bk- henry I-. I'lTTOCK. I bolshcvisin. are in no humor for
Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. j more war. but are more anxious for
iso sixth street. Portland c0 f trade with Russia and seem willing
c, a. MOKD)a tU.t'or. to make peace. Britain particularly
The Oresonian is a member of the Atw- desires peace in order to ward off
'o l'll soviefs threatened attack on all
nan of all news dn-paiches credited o " i its Asiatic dominions, which would
or not otherwise credited n. in !!'"'" ...Head to a reneral Mohammedan UP-
hed neic"-
rising. France spurns peace, but is
not able to make war again.
Hut a peace with bolshevism could
not last. Much a system cannot live
power. P.ritain and Italy, being also I course, that in the contest for ' a great deal of time in the beginning
supremacy mere bigness may not , to the abstractions of political econ
always count. It is conceivable, in j omy or the vagaries of reformers
this age of invention, that a device who have briefly flourished from time
may be hit upon any day that will to time and later faded away. The
reduce the massiveness of the modern American people's own record for
ri in. Ui-,! .,,..hed hete
rights of republi-atlou of specU. d.ayacclir
horem are ai-o itrvea.
fcuW-riution Kales Invuriuoly AUvauce.
- (U Mail. I
I'aily. Sunday Incluocu. one year
Iaily. Sunday included, six months
D. Sunday Included, three month.
tally. sunduy Included, one l.oulb .
Daily, without Sunday, one year . .
Daily, without Sunday, six months .
Ii;. without Sunday, one nionlb. .
Weekly, on year '
Sunday, one year .
(By Carrier.)
Dally. Sunday included, one. year ----- ST-'
Daiiy. Sunday Included, three months
pally. Sunday Included, one month .
Daily, without Snx.inv nnv.ir .'-..7
Dai.y, without Sundav! three months
X'ftliy. without Sunuay. one month
floating fort to nothingness. Aircraft
are being perfected that, if they
could drop a bomb aboard, would
destroy the work of years in an
instant. These will be countered by
progress by constitutional methods,
and the mere outline of the reforms
they have achieved in something
more than a Century and a third,
ought lo furnish a sufficient text.
ous in finding that what in America was j from $900 to $1299 a year. Only 36
regarded as a democratic movement per cent cf men were appointed to
against the powerful and arrogant arls-i 1 . , , . .
tocracy of wealth was among these Vlen- j positions at these salaries. As the
nese looked upon as a movement funda- salary advances, the proportion of
mentally in the Interests of the right kind ' ,, rpr-pivinc it decreases rao-
of aristocracy, because it was teaching the
man of mere money bags that his money
by itself simply rendered him vulgar and
entitled him to no consideration. In the
same way I was much amused to find
from casual remarks made by my hosts
that what they called the "kleiner Adel"
were not admitted to the club any more
than the financiers were. They had not
such feelings against me and Kermit. We
repre.vnted men of a totally alien life.
idly. Only 4.7 per cent of women,
as compared with 26.9 per cent of
men, were engaged at from $1300 to
$1899 a year. Positions carrying
from $1900 to J24D9 a year went to
less than one-half of 1 per cent of
women, but to nearly 8 per cent of
men. As a whole. 4 6 per cent of men
i i I t-scept by continual new conquest.
i.z: One of its main tenets is not to keep
6u faith with capitalists, hence peace
s ii : with it would be illusory, its pres
ence would be a constant incitement
to revolutionary agitation in every
country. Russia would be apt to
produce its Napoleon, who would
pursue his conquering career until
it ended in another Waterloo.
The final goal of the conquering
l.oti
sou
How to Keruit Send postofflce money j reds' ambition would be America,
'filer, express -r personal check on vour t jQr tney feed on plunder and thc-y
local bank. StamDa. coin or currencj are
at- owne.-'s risk. (Jive poslonlce aduresi
lit' fuii. including county and state.
Postage Kites I to 10 pages. 1 cent:
1 to pages, i cents: iS4 to 43 pages A
cents: oo to li-i nn 4 cents: bo to u
pages, 5 cents; to C puses. 6 cents
foreign postage, double rales.
Pattern Business Office Verree & Conk
lln. Brunswick building. New York; Verree
: Conklin. Steger ouiiding. Chicago; V er
roe At Cobkiin. Free l-ress building. De
troit, Mic'i. San Francisco representative
R.-J. Bidwell
would regard ' this as a splendid
country to loot. The bolshevist has
an instinctive enmity to American
democracy, for its individualism is
a flat contradiction of his theory,
and its success is standing disproof
of all he teaches. If the reds should
spread communism all over, Europe,
they would regard it as prepara-
fieets of defensive aircraft, but this t No teacher, however, who has failed
only gives color to the theory that i to draw inspiration from our history
the war of the future is likelv to be will be competent to-teach it. from; The colonels experiences at the 'and slightly over 5 per cent of women
won by the nation that has mastery! any point of view. The ambitious i f.ourts 0 Europe illustrated, as he were appointed to positions paying
himself has put it, the saying of ! initial salaries of less than juas a
ost devoted teachers it is possible
to obtain
of the air.i The only factors that ! Americanization campaign proposed
temain constant are morale and i will call for the best efforts of the
personnel. These have been the
same in all times. For all her
modern improvements, the Hood will
never be handled by a better crew 1 koosevelt AND KlN;s.
than .manned the Oregon, which, f snPii rhanns
her fight and had her day , v,t , ' , '.' hnut in the world in
within a shorter period than it lakes fow ia .. illustrated bv the
fought
within i
to grow a first-class walnut tree.
LET THE SAME FIH THE FACTS.
There are good reasons for chang
ing the name of the St. Johns water
terminal; The present name and. .the
fact that St. Johns' has a separate
postoftice create the impression that
the terminal is at a town distant from
and. to those who are not familiar
with the locality, remote from Port
land. It is not generally known
tion for the conquest or America, elsewhere that St. Johns is part of
SHALL WE 1'IT IT OB SHUT THEM I I"?
CThe statement put forth by the of
ficial sponsors for the new millage
educational act, to be submitted to
the people of Oregon in May. re
printed elsewhere, deserves tile at
tentive and solicitous consideration
of every citizen. It is a candid and
extct summary of the needs of the
Oregon Agricultural College, the
State University and the State Nor
mal School. They must be support
ed adequately, or their doors closed
outright. Or the system of education
for every young man and youn
woman must be limited, through
drastic restriction of numbers who
may enjoy the opportunities now
given- by the state, or through out
right elimination of a large part of
the present courses.
Shall the privilege of attendance
at these institutions be cut down to
a chosen few? Shall the useful serv
ice being performed for the public
by them be heavily diminished, with
the sure result that it will be finally
abandoned? The relative position of
Oregon will inevitably be lowered,
for it will have surrendered to others
the high place it has won through
the achievements of the college in
agricultural experimentation and
demonstration, in physical sciences
and in the mechanical and domestic
arts, by the university in letters and
in the professions a great and
necessary thing and by the normal
school In its indispensable contribu
tion of competent teachers for the
public schools. It will be seen that
these institutions have a vital rela
tionship to the progress of the state.
If education has value, the work of
the three schools should be enlarged,
nujt decreased. If it has no value,
let us admit it and shut them up and
go back at once to the primeval
caves of our ancient forefathers, for
n is there where we shall be headed.
The problems of the insttutions are
serious, even insurmountable, unless
they shall be more amply financed.
They have been supported by a mill
age tax. which has yielded a nearly
uniform sum (from $900,000 to
$990,000 per annum) for the past
seven years. In that time the at
tendance of students at Corvallis and
Knrrone hns increased in 1 he snrnris-
ing figure of 150 per cent. In other,'" tne fact lhat b's lik? Jerry1
words, at the college in 1913 there " " oi
mure man one per generation per
World peace will not be secure un
til Russia has made a genuine start
on the road of true democracy, of
which the soviet is a hideous
travesty.
ANOTHER INFANT PRODIGY.
Parents of normal children will
read with interest not greatly tinged
with envy, we think, of the perform
ances of the newest youthful prodigy
discovered by the professors of
psychology. The youngster, Jeremiah
Kuntz. is eight years old and a
Philadelphia!!. At ti e age of three
he developed a remarkable talent for
figures. At six he "could tell offhand
how many hours, minutes and sec
onds had elapsed at any time of
day since he had left his bed in the
morning." and with amazing ease
could translate the hours and minutes
into seconds. Only the other day he
met one of his teachers on the street
and without any introductory re
marks hurst out with the following
I have been here 1.14 days today, and I
have been bad only twelve times. So I have
been bad only once in every eleven days
and four hours.
It is not surprising that Jerry has
been sent to a special school in which
his amazing talents can find oppor
tunity for development, but one can
only wonder what the average fond
father or mother would do with a
boy like Jerry constantly about the
house. When he reached the ques
tioning age, which all youngsters
sooner or btor attain, he would be
come almost if not quite unbearable.
What father would be willing to
admit ignorance of the topics, for
example, that Jerry will Iwant to
know all about at the age of tea?
What parent could hope to keep pace
with him through his teens? At the
rate he is now going. Jerry should
leach the binomial theorem by the
time he is eleven and integral calcu
lus by twelve or thereabouts. By
fifteen he should be ready to turn
over to Professor Einstein, but what
is to be done with him aft,er that?
The responsibilities thai attach to
the rearing of a perfectly normal lad
who can kick the toes out of a pair
of $6.35 shoes in exactly eleven and
a half minutes, but cannot estimate
the rate per minute, are grave enough
for almost any man. There is some
thing to be profoundly thankful for
Portland, having been annexed some
years ago. and an opportunity is pre
sented to rival ports to foster the
opinion that the terminal is not at
Portland but at some distance away.
The terminal is the principal point
at which Poi-.ln.id handles its ship
ping and is likely to remain so for
some years, or until the commerce
of the port has grown to the point
where it requires another, larger
terminal. It has been praised by
shipping men and shippers as being
.t least as well equipped and con
structed as any on .the Pacific coast
and lias made notable records for
quick dispatch in handling cargoes
of rubber, molasses and other com
modities, which have won compli
ments from consignees in the east.
In order that Portland may have the
reputation which it has earned and
may enjoy the substantial benefit
thereof, the name of the terminal
should plainly indicate that it is at
Portland and should leave no room
for the suggestion that it is at any
other place.
A name to flt the facts is not hard
to find. It should in itself announce
that the terminal is at this port and
that it is for ocean-going craft. This
would preclude use of the name of
any other place than Portland.
were 1364 full-time students; now
there are 3378. At the university
there were 691 full-time students;
now there are 1745. In this period,
without a material increase in in
come, the value of the dollar has
greatly fallen off; the cost of all sup
plies has very' nearly doubled; and
it has been necessary to take care
of a student body two and one-half
times larger than in 1913. There
has been overcrowding in a degree
beyond further endurance; there has
been little or no money to increase
equipment or accommodations; and
there has been a steady loss of the
best instructors through inability to
pay them adequately. At the college
alone there have been 45 faculty res
ignations since July, 1919. These
instructors unable to support their
families in comfort, or at all, have
gone into pursuits for which their
special training fitted them, or have
accepted better professional places
elsewhere- It is a loss which has
been hurtful already, and will be
irremediable unless measures are
devised to fill their places with men
arid Women of high attainment.
hundred million of inhabitants.
WAKSHIPS YOl'NG AND OLD.
There was r paragraph in the
"Twenty-rive Ye;;rs Ago" department
the other day telling of preparations
being made at San Francisco for. the
launching of the battleship Oregon,
which was destined not long after
that to make a memorable voyage
around South America and take part
in a battle that put the finishing
touches on a small war in which we
were then engaged. The launching
took place le',s than a quarter of a
century ago, yet the battleship then
regarded us the best of her kind is
already obsolete, and Vraft are being
constructed that differ from her as
widely as aviation differs from the
method of scouting used in the war
in which Hie Oregon fought.
The trial trips of the British battje
cruiser Hood, most recent of the
naval instruments of war, call atten
tion to the contrast between the two
periods, and ulso emphasize the fact
that naval constructors are no more
certain now than thov were then
The only possible argument against Itliat they have hit on a model capable
trie new uilllage tax is that it in
creases taxes. It does. But its al
terative is the unthinkable expedi-ent-iif
halting the appropriate growth
of tie three most important institu
tions In Oregon, with a consequent
Impairment of the public resources,
intellectual, spiritual, scientific and
physical, so that the general ability
to produce money to pay the remain
ing taxes will be much reduced. This
Is not a mere generalization. It is a
demonstrable fact Its pertinence
and importance will be at once ap
parent to any citizen who will take
the trouble to survey the record of
the college, university and norma!
j-chool.
j Now what are we going to do
about It? Are we going ahead or
gfoing back? We have been proud
of Corvallis, Eugene and Monmouth.
Iet us continue to be proud, bv
erecting and maintaining monuments
to our enterprise, our culture, our
foresight and our intelligent thrift.
NO LASTING PEACE WITH BOLSHEVISM.
! Armed success of bolshevism Is no
evidence of the superiority of Its
economic theories, for its votaries
abandoned them in the emergency
cf war, and its enemies did not exert
tbeir economic power. It is the re
sult of a few men's inflexible deter
mination to override all opposition
and to remove all obstacles to suc
cess, and of conflicting purpose and
governmental incompetence on the
part of their. Russian enemies, of di
vided counsel and of stinted military
aid on the part of the allies.
; Soviet Russia economically is now
a wreck, and can only be restored
with the aid of foreign products and
foreign brains, while it could only
carryt on war against a great power
by importing war material. The
leaders of the soviet appear to real
ize ..these facts and are willing to
postpone their plans of world-revo-lotion
until they have reorganized
their countn' and consolidated their
of doing all that is hoped for it.
The effort in building the Hood has
been to profit by the lessons of the
battle of Jutland, and so an enormous
addition has been made to the weight
of her deck and side armor protec
tion, to offset the plunging fire to
which the British were subjected on
that occasion. But this additional
weight has tended to reduce speed,
and this is a point on which the
experts are not agreed. Mobility of
the entire fleet of which the Hood
shall become a part will be perma
i.ently reduced to the extent to which
the Hood is slowed down by her
ponderous protection. Thus the issue
between the advocates of poundage
and those who would make a sacrifice
to maneuverability is likely to be
made sharper by the disclosures of
the trial trips in question.
Another noteworthy fact about the
Hood is that the incapacity of most
existing drydocks further reduces her
availability in a certain degree, and
it seems to be a question whether
she will be able to go through the
Panama canal, which will make a
vast difference in the time of a world j
voyage. She is 860 feet long, which
represents a gain of 340 feet in ex
treme length of fighting craft in less
than twenty years. One more re
markable feature of this latest super
warship is that her fifteen-inch guns
are so mounted as to permit a range
of 40.000 yards, or more than twenty
two land miles, which is about twice
the range at which the battle of
Jutland began. This Increased ele
vation of the guns propulsive power
for the projectiles having some time
ago been made possible for so great
a distance has necessitated increase
in beam as well as length in the
effort to obtain requisite stability,
and has added a progressive burden
of weight of metal, fuel cargo and
other elements that operate against
speed and facility in responding to
a helm.
Beside the Hood, the Oregon would
seem a pigmy. Yet it is realized, of
EJIICATINO TUB FOKE1GX BORN.
It is significant of the appreciation
that the teachers of America have
of their public duty that at the mid
year meeting of the National Educa
tion association at Cleveland a leading
place on the programme was given
to "the better education of the for
eign-born element of our population."
This question, indeed, held the atten
tion of the delegates for a consider-
bly longer period than did that of
higher pay for teachers, although the
latter is probably necessary if educa-
lon of any sort is to be maintained
on a high plane. The issues, of
course, are interwoven. An edu
cated population will be more likely
to consent to adequate public expen
ditures for education, and better-paid
teachers, which in the end means
better teachers, will be better quali-
hi d to carry out the plans of those
who want the schools made 100 per
cent eHicient as agencies of Ameri
canization.
The scheme contemplates greater
emphasis on the teaching of Amer
ican history, not with respect to the
wars that we have fought so much
as the processes by which we arrived
at the conclusion that a representa
tive form of government is adequate
to the needs of a liberty-loving people.
It will be quite within the realm of
the history teacher to show that
domination by any class or group,
or enforcement of demands by any
other method than due enforcement
of law is destructive of all liberty.
It will not be at all difficult to show,
by a plain exposition of the manner
in which our constitution has been
amended from time to time, that
.when a sufficient public opinion sup
ports a change there are adequate
methods of obtaining it. A study of
the history of the American people
will disclose the fact that the vast
majority of them are law-abiding at
heart, that they prefer orderly to
disorderly methods, that they are
not willing to tolerate disregard of
the fundamental rights of minorities.
It will be particularly interesting to
some of our foreign-born residents
to learn that our system of checks
unil balances was devised for the very
purpose of prevent:!!? tyranny by
majorities temporarily in pouer. anil
that the groundwork that was laid
by the patriotic framers of our con
stitution has withstood the test of
time.
The founders of our republic were
strongly individualistic, but they
recognized the dividing line between
liberty and license, a point that can
not be too greatly stressed, in the
education of foreigners among us.
The National Education association
is correct in its implication that the
right of the individual to work and
to own and to save is a fundamental
right. No one knew better than our
own forefathers that thrift ought not
to be penalized, or that artificial re
striction of output and willful waste
are economic crimes. By teaching
American history comparatively, it
will be shown that, as the resolutions
of the department of superintendents
of the association set forth, the wis-
dom of those who have gone before
us has made it possible for Americans
to enjoy the greatest measure of
freedom known in the history of
men.
Perhaps the most necessary lesson,
if special emphasis is to be placed
on the education of foreigners, will
be that it is an essential part of the
American spirit to accept the result
after the campaign has been waged.
Recent arrivals are apt to confuse the
noise of an impending-campaign with
the rumblings of revolution. But the
so-called "crisis" through which we
are now passing is by no means the
only critical period in our history;
there have been occasions when the
superficial observer might have con
cluded that the government was tot
tering on the brink, but there has
always been, on the whole, a high
degree of loyalty and co-operation
after the campaign smoke has cleared
away, and the present existence of
the United States is due most largely
to the innate sporting spirit (using
the term in its best sense) that has
prevailed since the government was
founded.
It will not be necessary to devote
circumstances attending publication
in Scribirer's of Theodore Roosevelt's
reminiscences of his visits to various
rulers of Europe (and his failure to
visit others) while on his way home
from Africa in 1910. These are con
tained in a personal letter to Sir
George Trevelyan, in response to a
request by the latter that he would
"write an account of the intimate
side" of his trip from Khartoum to
London, but prefaced with a cautious
statement that it was intended only
for the eyes of Sir George and his
family. "I .i i.-. not quite sure, he
wrote, "that I ought to write it even
to you!" However, he did so, "just
Cor the satisfaction of telling things
which it would be obviously out of
the fi:-eition to make public, at any
r.ite tii.iil long after all of us who
are now alive are dead." F.ut so
greatly has the world order been
altered in the brief space of less than
a decade since then, and so altered
is the attitude of the world toward
kings, lhat already the inhibition has
been raised. Propriety of publica
tion, which would have been ques
tioned then, is hardly doubted now.
The fact that seems to have most
impressed the colonel was the anom
alous position of European kings in
general. "I can understand." he
says, "a woman's liking to be queen
fairly well," and he cites the ex
amples of both the queen of Norway
and the crown princess of Sweden,
v.-ho had the ordinary happiness that
"comes to. the. happy woman with
husband and children," and "in ad
dition," he writes, "the ceremonial
part would be apt to appeal to her
and be taken seriously by her." But
ordinary kings, he had found, had a
part to play in which dress parade
was ridiculously out of proportion
to the serious effort "there is a
quite intolerable quantity of sack to
the amount of bread'
If he is a decent, straight, honorable
fellow, he can set a goed example and
yet if he is not. most of his subjects, in
cluding almost all the clergymen, feel
obiiged to be blind and to say that he is;
and he can exercise a certain small influ
ence for good on public affairs in an in
direct fashion. But he can play no part
such as is played by- the real leaders of
the public life of today, if he ie a consti
tutional monarch.
It was possible, of course, for the
colonel to express himself thus free
ly only on the understanding given
that his views were not to be made
public before a suitable time had
arrived. Having himself been vice
president, it was characteristic of his
habit of self-analysis that he should
have compared monarchship with
this office. He found that on the
whole sovereigns were "like other
human beings in that the average
among them was not very high as
regards in:ellect and force." Indeed,
the driving force and energS" that
would have been needed to make a
first-class president or prime nun
Lincoln, that "there's a deal of hu- year, notwithstanding that the pre
man nature in mankind." He found vailing policy of appointing men as
this not lacking among kings and ' messengers resulted in twice as large
emperors, ' but despite such a uni
versal bond of sympathy he leaves
no doubt that he felt it a greater
honor to be an ex-president and pri
vate citizen of the United States than
to be a ruler of any foreign state.
IF BOOKS WERE JEWELS.
Advance in the price of school
books will not be particularly sur
prising to people who have recently
been buying, books of other kinds.
With the market swept almost clear
of second-hand volumes in fair con
dition by the "book drives" so com
mon during the war, publishers have
had the advantage . not only of an
open field but of the usual justifica
tion of the cheaper dollar unci
increasing costs of all materials.
But John Ruskin, if he were alive
today, would not regard the upward
tendency as to books in general as an
unmixed evil. "If public libraries,"
he wrote once, "were half as costly
as public dinner?, or books cost the
tenth part of what bracelets do. even
foolish men and women might some
times suspect that there was good in
reading." He thought that the very
cheapness of literature made even
wise people "forget that if a book is
worth reading it is worth buying."
It remains to be :een, however,
whether dearer school books will
cause a correspondingly increased
desire on the part 'of school boys for
shorter vacations and longer study
hours. " '
BAKt.AIMNC POWER OF WOMEN.
The present relatively weaker bar
gaining power of women applying
for civil service positions under the
United States government is strik
ingly shown in a report on womei
in the government service in the
Monthly Labor Review, an official
publication, of the bureau of labor
statistics. The largest employer of
labor in the country, an,d the em
ployer of the greatest variety of
labor, is the United States govern
ment, the employment agent foi
which is the civil service commission.
Appointment of women to any gov
ernrnent position, however, is still
regulated by a statu le written half a
century ago, which declares that
women may be appointed, in the
discretion of the head of any depart
ment, to any clerkship authorized by
law. From this statute has sprung
the custo'rri of opening the examina
ations to both sexes or closing them
to either sex at the discretion of the
head of any department, regardless
of the fact that neither rule nor law
governs the examination itself. But
the effect is far-reaching, for the
barring of women from any examina
tion bars them not only from
that special occupation but from
all kindred occupations in a given
department.
The report states frankly that some
of the examinations listed in 1919
from which women were excluded
in the examinations undoubtedly
were such that their duties could be
ister, a great general or war minister, I more satisfactorily performed by men
would have been singularly out of
place on a throne. He adds: t
Apparently what is needed in a king is
that he shall be a kind of sublimated
American "l ice-president ; plus being social
ly at the head of that part of the people
which you have called "the free masons
of fashion." The last function is very im
portant: the king's lack of political power,
and his exalted social position, nlike cut
him off from all real comrade ship with
men who really do the things that count;
for comraueshlp must imply ine equality,
and from this standpoint the king is doub
ly barred from all that is most vital and
interesting. Politically lie can never rise
to, and socially ha can never descend to,
the level of the really able men of the
nation. I cannot Imagine a more appal
ling dreary, life for a man of ambition and
power.
There is another typically Roose
veltian touch that will be especially
appreciated in certain circles in his
comparison of the life of European
monarchs with that of army officers
and their wives at eastern army posts
in the early days.
They were all shut up together and
away from the rest of the world, were
sundered by an impassable gulf from the
enlisted men and the few hunters, scouts
and settlers around about, and were knit
together into one social whole, and were
nevertheless riven asunder by bitter rival
ries, jealousies and dlsl kes Well, the
feelings between n ijivon ijuii'i; and a
given (inwager empress, or I he small king
a,ld tlie emperor who cu some ic;iion
had relished bullying him. were precisely
the same as those between the , captain's1
lady and the colonel's spinster daughter, or
tile sporting lieutenant and the martinet
major, in a lonely army po6t.
There is a curious revelation of
inside history in the colonel's des
cription of how he took the side of
an Italian master of ceremonies at
Rome who wished to treat him as
simply a private citizen, as against
the American ambassador who was
insisting that he be treated with the
courtesies granted a visiting sover
eign. The colonel insisted that in
expressing preference for the role
of private citizen he was speaking
less in a spirit of humility than of
pride. "To me there is something
fine in the American theory that a
private citizen can be chosen by the
people to occupy a position as great
as that of the mightiest monarch.
and to exercise a power which may
for the time surpass that of czar,
kaiser. -or pope, and that then, after
having filled this position the man
shall leave it as an unpensioned pri
vate citizen, who goes back in to the
ranks of his fellow citizens with en
tire self-respect, claiming nothing
save what on his own Individual
merits he is entitled to receive." And
he concludes this part of his dis
course by saying: "It is not of much
consequence whether other people
accept the American theory of the
presidency; but it is of very much
consequence that the American peo
ple, including especially any Ameri
can who has held the of f ice, . shall
accept the theory and live up to it."
Those who have held that Colonel
Roosevelt was wanting in the sense
of humor may change their minds
If they will read the paragraph of
his letter in which he alludes to his
feelings on learning: that the royal
set at Vienna were cordially in sym
pathy with him because he had at
tacked the big moneyed interests, and
had frankly looked down on
than by women, while for other posi
tions there were no women with
sufficient experience to qualify. But
it is also shown by study of the
exclusions that the majority of
professional and scientific positions
which women were not permitted to
enter in some departments required
work similar to that which women
have been and are doing in other
government departments or in private
establishments. There are more than
800,000 women engaged in profes
sional and scientific pursuits outside
the government service, more than
2,000,000 women working in private
manufacturing and mechanical estab
lishments, and more than 600,000 in
private clerical employment. These
general statistics give
a proportion of men as women re
ceiving less than $900 a year.
The report shows that in part, but
only in part, prevailing conditions
are due to women themselves. All
applicants for probat'.oual positions
! state-the minimum salaries they will
accept. There are more women than
men who agree to accept minimum
salaries stated in the civil service
advertisements. This is not, how
ever, the reason for slower propor
tionate advancement of women to
positions paying higher salaries. The
proportion of men employes to the
higher paid positions is always in
excess of the proportion of women
appoiiils-n to these positions. The
report suggests that all classes of
work within the various positions be
io determined, and salaries, so fixed
in accordance with the responsibili
ties and difficulties of the work to be
undertaken, that examiners will be
able to mark each applicant's class
r.nd salary status on the examination
papers. This, it is predicted, will
eliminate some of the existing in
equalities. It will be suspected, how
ever, tint adoption of the nineteenth
amendment to the constitution, which
has been ratified bv thirtv of the
states to date, will have a tendency
automatically to remedy the evil of
which the report complains.
AMERICANS DO INDKKSTAXD.
Lord Bryce contributes an article
to the Anglo-American number of
the Manchester Guardian in which
he explains the controversy about the
league of nations by saying that
Americans do not understand the
present conditions of Europe fam
ine, bankruptcy, lack of material for
industry, quarrels among states over
new frontiers, it is probable that
reluctance of many Americans to ac
cept unlimited obligations to the
league is due to the fact that they
know these things, though they do
not fully realize that the United
States has an interest in helping to
provide the remedies in order to
prevent another war in which we
may be compelled to intervene.
When a quarrel about Flume, a com
paratively insignificant town of about
40,000 people of which few Ameri
cans had heard six years ago, brings
two of the allies to the verge of war
and causes President Wilson to dic
tate a settlement with a threat that
this country will wash its hands of
the league, there need be small won
der that some Americans favor entire
withdrawal from participation in
European affairs or that many more
wish congress to deal with each dif
ficulty as it arises.
The great nations of Europe have
been so involved in feuds in the
past that they would be apt 'o
take sides in a small-war until it
became a great one and that, if they
should combine to enforce a settle
ment, their decision would not com
mand respect. Only a league that is
so dominated by the military power
and moral influence of a great nation
like the United States, which has no
selfish interest in any local dispute,
can render decisions that will be re
spected until passjon has died down
and the settlement has become per
manent. Americans do not care
which nation has Fiume or any otiier
lisputed point, but they have an in
terest in seeing that such disputes
are sp justly settled that Fiume,
Serajevo nor any other place ctfn set
the world aflame again with war.
BY-PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES.
Br r.tm & nn.
How Tuberculosis Acquired the Klmt
"White Plasm.
. "The wheat plague," a term known
in all languages and all countries to
designate tuberculosis, wag coined by
Oliver Wendell Holmes, and first
used in 1861, when the poet and hu
morist. who was also a physician,
issue'd his medical novel. "Elsie Ven
ner." . Holmes described the experiences
encountered by a country doctor in
the course of his trips with his pony,
and Fpoke in one passage of "the dead
winter, when the white plague of the
north has caged its wasted victim,
shuddering as they think of the frozen
soil which must be quarried like the
rock to receive them."
The comparatively recent origin of
the term emphasizes the fact that the
campaign against tuberculosis is of
quite recent origin, says a statement
of the Michigan Anti-Tuberculosis
association. In the days of Holmes. There are mvlft silver river- that rusn
tuberculosis wss still equivalent to to the ocmn
a death sentence. Little was known I "nipiy ineir velim In In
Oregon.
There's a land where the fir trees In
green velvet dreewes
Stand high on the mountain aide
stately and tall.
Where the pine flings Ita rones to the
breise that caresses.
And a transparent ribbon drops
down from each fall.
There Is treasuro of grain in the
vaults of the hrown fields.
And wealth In the mountain that
yearns toward the sky:
There are full-m-mured hoards In th
orchaid and vine yields.
And rare speck led hen intra In
streams flowing by.
There's a land where liuii mills sinir
In forests fi rever.
While towns liin the vi.:ii i.n l
cling to earli hill:
There are ranges tr.m only the gi'al
canyons sever.
Where the wild hrawllnt; cataract
never Is still.
about the disease, and when a person
once was afflicted with It he was
given up as lost. Now the knowledx"
of treating the disease has Increased
so much lhat a lurne percentage of
caBes recover, and when discovered
early enough practically all recover.
One of the sleuges which the late
K ear-Admiral Peary took with him
to the north pole Is attracting many
visitors at the llerkshlre museum of
natural history, Pittshieltl. Map., ac
cording to the Springfield Republi
can. This sledpe was presented by the
explorer to the late Zer.an Crane of
Dalton, who in turn gave It to the
museum. Mr. Crane gave $10,000 to
Commander Peary ,to help finance his
ninth and successful Artie expedition.
After Mr. Peary had reached the pole,
April 6, 190P, the fjrst thing that he
did while sitting on this sledge was
to write these words In his dairy:
"The pole at last. The prize of three
centuries. My dream and goal for
20 years. I cannot bring myself to
realize it. It seems all so simple and
commonplace."
On December 20, 1919, Commander
Peary wrote to Mr. Crane as follows:
The slrdgt-. which has your nnme pen-
ciled on it, is one of five which went with
me to the pole and was there during the
Inrger part of the ttrh and 7th of April.
l!tl. The material from which the sledge
was made wits purchased in New York and
carried north on the Koosevelt. The de
sign of the sledge is now known as the
"I'enry" design, a type of sledge nevr
used before in Arctic work slid a type
combining, in my opinion, for th class of
wor for which it was Int-nued, the maxi
mum of strength and endurance with the
minimum cf weight, of tractive force
needed to propel it and of muscular effort
rcouired to guide It. The sledf.-e wss msde
at Hubbardville on the sbore of the polar
ucean, 4.MI miles from the pole. In the win
ter of lDirS-lttUU. Your name was pen
ciled bv me on the sledge on our return
from the pole to n ne ('Hy. Cape Co
lumbia, on the -3d of April, lllllll.
The other sledges that were at the
pole are now In museums in New
York. London, and Washington. In
a separate glass case in the local
museum is the fur suit worn by Mat
thew A. Henson, negro, the only other
American with Peary at the pole.
This, from Professor Jevons' "In
troduction to the History of Re
ligion." may interest the Jazz Birls;
To the savage, war Is a sacred func
tion: the tribal god fish's for the
clan, the warriors are encaged hi his
service; as i:uch they are taboo and
dangerous, and they notify the fact
hy donning 'war pniiit.' The
actor smeared hip f:-.cc with viuc-
lecs. not for practical or utllit.it inn
but for religious reasons for exact
or the rip;
While thfj cool w.iyile Fining gives
Its tender devotion
To the green on Its rim where the
white trilllums sleep.
There's u land where the now-M,ik
wear diamond tiaras
That glitter lise k 'ins f i om Ul
tra y of h k:ng.
Whern : lie crniiihur excels all Mm
fame of sierra .
When the sun il-es slowly his gold
rays to filnn.
There a re ports win re gre.it i-li i w it
like gaunt famished Klants.
For luiiK-protiMsf d cargoes their
riiue maw a to fill.
And the n;ur and the ash lend their
splendid reliance
To plane that skim rkjward and
never are still.
Tltero's a land thnl tlio voice of the
rations I rnlling.
Because of the w ealth that la spread
at her door.
And slowly the iM-rs on the hillsides
aie falling,
Y t rich shall her forests be clothed
evermore!
The shrill call of commerce Is heard
in each village,
Thr- mill wheels like mammoth
wins ceasolei-Hly speed.
Vet silt h Is her dower, this age snail
not pillage
Her unnumbered resources proffered
man's need.
0 fair lan-l of plei.ly. each motin.tln
and river
Is a jewel that nature gives, radiant
and free:
1 love every snnw-peak where oMi-
ii ond lights quiver,
And each laughing brook that runs
out to the sea!
Tin: oi, it oiti'.t.ov hoii;m i:n.
There's a green, fertile valley In the
far western hills
Where In youth's happy days I nsed
to roatu.
There are streams where 1 fished, and
wood lands, lanes and lie Ms,
All a part of my early childhood
home.
Where towering pinnts of the western
forest loomed
Before the woodsman's axe had
swung so free.
Now lie tho fields anil pastures, and
the meadows sweet with bloom.
The homestead that is eyer dear
to me.
The home that was founded hy sturdy
pioneers,
Who sought their fortunes In tha
golden west.
It Mantis a tribute IIiioukIi the in
ly passing years
Ihc'r hrave lieaiix nri'I oiicrny
aii'l zest.
To
vt iie.il to ii i hear:
nlUy home.
With its tt'Hvirii j;th
sweel wilh lilnoni
Is
Ui.'t
its
I
lv the same reasons as other per- I "ic floepiy veniaiii in, is. the
sons dedicated to the god painted . mountain clnmc
L . ... ... , . And the r ver that flows to the
their faces with white clay or red.
The rite of painting the face was re
vived among the Greeks by the con
viction that a better lot in the next
world was to he thus obtnined."
l.v 111,
If
The Dutch government is going to
take steps to -reduce the liberty of
William ilohenzollern as nearly as
possible to the irreducible minimum,
but the allies in due respect to Hol
land are bound to insist that the
rlileri interest 1 eminent prisoner is really sulteiing
to the summary of government em
ployments from which women are
excluded.
Women, for illustration, are per
mitted to study human diseases and
plant diseases, but the bureau of
animal industry excludes them from
its examinations for investigating
animal parasites. The navy oepart
menl is willing to use either men's
or women's knowledge to .secure i
materials and devices most suitable
for naval use, but the forest service
wants only men to determine the
physical properties of wood. Women
are now acting as assistant weather
observers for the weather bureau and
as assistant horticulturists for the
department of agriculture, but are
not wanted to take tests in climatol
ogy in its relation to agriculture.
They are now testing foods and drugs
to determine their nutritive and
medical qualities, but they are barred
from examination In the testing of
dyes. They may conduct experiments
in food preparation, in materials
requisite to the home, in fertilizers
and soils, in horticulture, plant dis
eases, cereal diseases, and fiber pro
duction, but are not admitted to
examinations . for the conduct of
investigations relating to drug and oil
plant cultivation, to aeronautics, to
oil and gas field conditions, or to
study the physiology of gas poison
ing. They may collect and compile
information concerning shipments,
receipts and prices of food products,
and may assist in making surveys
to determine the prevalence, causa
tion and prevention of human dis
eases, but the examinations bar them
from securing the latter information
if the position calls for. a graduate
of a medical college and carries with
It the responsibility of recommending
preventive and controlling measures.
The bureau of efficiency, by calling
for men only, excludes women from
conduct of its investigation into the
organization and procedure of gov
ernment departments. The bureau
of mines' exclusion of women from
investigating accidents will seem to
have a sounder basis than any of the
foregoing.
One outcome of this condition is
overwhelming concentration, 91 per
cent, of women appointees in the
clerical service. Entrance salaries
of women average lower than those
of men, for this reason among others.
no punisiiment nt ill so long as he
is permitted to dwell in that country.
One of the advantages of prohibi
tion will be that, after a sufficient
period has elapsed, we shall be able
to reaii occasionally of a centenarian
who does not boast that all his life
he has taken a drink 'whenever he
folt l:Ue ii and never noticed any ill
O.'n e ii va- hoped that we had
ome to the end of campaign charges
that one side or the other was
financed by the distillery or the brew
ery interests, but that democratic
conference in New York seems bound
to dash our expectations.
There is the added advantage In
the parallel column translation re
quirement of the foreign-language
newspaper law that It will furnish
pretty practical instruction in Eng
lish to those who really want to learn
our language.
moneyed men who had nothing but I More. 86 Per cent of all women
their wealth behind them. , appointed in tne nrst six months of
There was to me romething very humor- ' receivea initial salaries ranging
American housewives won't buy-low-grade
flour, even to save money.
This "nothing but the best is good
enough for us" is a not inconsider
able factor in the cost of living that
the same housewives are complaining
about
Reading about a schooner that lost
a mast in a hurricans, w-e are re
minded of the almost overlooked fact
that there are a few vessels left that
rely on wind for their propelling
power.
All the joy one has in reading of
a driver sentenced for driving an
automobile while drunk is invariably
negatived nowadays by the "sentence
suspended" that comes right after it.
It does not take a chemist to tell
that hard cider, or any other sub
stance containing alcohol, and gaso
line make what the technician would
call an "incompatible mixture."
War always confounds the econ
omists. The German debt of 204,-
000,000,000 marks is more than dou
ble what the professors said was the
extreme limit of her capacity.
The humble army blanket, protec
tion of the grumbling doughboy, has
come to be the apparel of French
beauty along the boulevard of Paris,
says Stars and Stripes.
At a sale of army stocks a French
grocer bought 2000 American army
blankets for 12 francs (normally
2.40) each. He sold them for 15
and 20 francs each to a clothing
manufacturer.
The clothing manufacturer made
them up into women's cloaks and sold
them at 70 francs each to a depart
ment store which retailed them at
180 and 200 francs each.
Voila, la vie chere!
George M. Cohan was cross-exnniin-ing
applicants for parts in one of his
new production.
"Can you dance?" lie nskeil of a
young chap w ho had been waiting an
hour.
"Sure." replied the candidate.
"Can you sing?" continued Cohan.
"Well." replied the other. "1 can
sing as good as you can."
"But I asked you," retorted Cohan,
"can you sing."
John Drinkwater pays this tribute
to America In Collier's Weekly:
"A stranger In America cannot fall
to notice among the people a peculiar
graciousness In their gift for friend
ship. It Is one of the decorations of
life, so to speak, and the close ob
server does not take it to he more.
To he a crnorl friend is n mark of !
sterling quality, but to he a partlru
larly gracious friend is to add to
that no more than charming ele
gance. Nevertheless, this gracious
warmth is a rare thing and nowhere
is It so notably or so surely to bo
found as in an American. And I do
not think that it la fancirul to sug
gest that this comes about in no
small degree from the relation of
Lincoln and his fellows to the life
of Immediate posterity of which I
have been speaking."
'
Happy South Sea. islander.
Glad to be alive;
Never has to donate to
Any sort of "drive."
No one "regulates" him there.
Morning, noon and night. ,
Living in the South Sea isles
Must be a delight.
Paul Cook in the Birmingham Age-Herald.
Many ciiunres have
ones I know.
From tliclr !.ic-
are i.nc.
Hut the sun m ; i t 'iii
ctuiif; ever aw.u
Kit you t here . m
i rec,on.
you dear old lium
Oregon.
oft I irr ynu in ram w hid- I s:iai
With the same itear folks ii,itlice I
round the lire.iil
In the peace and conton t mm n I i
their il.iv.
K ATHIC VN M J IN I'.S
Sherw miii, i u
-lea.
The far-sighted young men who
thought to cultivate berry plants are
reaping the harvest that belongs to
those who look well ahead, and arc
entitled to a fair reward.
Tne magnetic survey yacht, Car
negie, after lying out of commission
at Washington for a year, was fitting
out at the end of September for a new
cruise (her sixth), to cover a period
of two or three years !lcr route this
time will li mr.i:.ly in H e South At
lantic. Indian and i'ac'flo oceans, the
port of call for the jei r l.clitg Dakar.
Kio de Janerio and s". ; . cna. J. p.
AuU 1 I" command. Sc.tii.ltic Amt-r-
riilM. liMi..
liver the fair fields the spring's breath
is fly in if,
Ur the vales where the wild echoes
fall,
Over the woodland the w Inter Is dying;
Lowly but sweetly I hear springs
mellow cull.
Into the brooklets the mill water
flow lug
Hushes In hastn lir Its mother the
sea :
l.owiy hut sweet ly the cattle's soft
low in k
Kails with rare music from over the
lea.
Bare are the branches of apple and
cherry.
But buds are a-aw-clllng- and grasses
are green;
I'p in the treclops the robins ara
merry.
Singing and flutt'ring bound to bo
seen.
Spring Is a gay time of unalloyed
sinning.
Killing our bosoms with gladness of
spring;
We love the music that springtime Is
bringing
We hear but the echoes and we, too,
must sing.
MERRILL ARTHUR TOTHKRS.
a bii.i.y wom.n.
If only you poor city chaps were on
the farm this spring
And see how happy anil content Is
every living thing;
The birds are full of Jyous praise,
their songs are at us hurled;
The flowers are filled with sweet per
fume. This is a bully world.
The grass, so soft, so fresh, so arcen;
the trees so full of bloom:
'Tls paradise on earth' below, with
not a sinn of gloom.
The roosters cheer the rising sun, the
gobbler's tail's unfurled.
Old Spot hss got a calf a boy--thls
is a bully world.
o. v. n.
sPHIM
To lure of springs' seductive wiles
The earth res-ponds, all nature sniib s;
Spring's subtlo music's In the nir,
Transcendant beauty's everywhere.
The mountain glen, the forest ibil
Yield lo her mystic, magic spell.
Upon the green where fresh leaves
spring.
The canary and the linnet slim.
Hope and promise borne on gentle
( breeze
Trial wakes the softly whispering
trees:
To weary hearts bring surcease from
all pain.
Kalth eternal In spring I" born attain.
W. JULIAN.