5
BREAKING GROUND FOR BIG ADDITION TO PLANT OFC.L BOSS AUTOMOBILE COMPANY.
TODAY IS EFFICIENT ;
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There's a Reason for High,
Narrow Type of Radiator.
OLD MISTAKE CORRECTED
While Cool Ins System Requires Lit
tle Attention, An Occasional
Clean ins Will Help It.
TIIE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, "OCTOBER 5, ' 191p.
COOLING SYSTEM OF i j
One of the most thoroughly effi
cient units in the modern motor
vehicle is the cooling system. The
average car owner pretty nearly
forgets the existence of this part
or tne cars anatomy ; ,
the rare occasion when some-
thins; goes wrong in It. ow. It IS
generally possible to forestall any
failure in the cooling system if cer
tain simple rales of maintenance are
followed, and it is to suggest how
this may be accomplished that the
present article is written.
while there are today two distinct
methods of keeping the motor within
the necessary temperature bounds,
we shall consider first the water cool
ing, which is used on all except two
American cars. In the water cooling
system the liquid is contained in
jackets around the cylinders, and it is
kept In motion constantly in order
that It may remain at a temperature
low enough to perform its function.
In the main, water cooling systems
are all very much alike. The water
In the jackets circulates around the
cylinders, picking up the excess heat
and then going to the ttP of the radi
ator, whence it flows downward to
the bottom through cells or tubes,
getting rid t much of its heat on the
way. A fan Is provided to suck air
in through the tubes of the radiator,
assisting In the dissipation of the
heat. Without the help of the fan It
would require a much greater area
of radiator to get rid of the heat.
Tn Tysea Explained.
Water cooling systems are divided
Into two distinct types, known re
spectively as thermo-syphon and
pump. The thermo-syphon depends
for its effectiveness on the working
of a simple natural law. Hot water
Is lighter than cold and rises to the
top. In the thermo-syphon system
the waier near the base of the hot
water Jackets becomes heated first'
and. following this law, rises to the
top. displacing the cooler water there.
In this way a circulation Is set up:
the hot water rises, flows - down
through the radiator, where Its heat
Is carried away. Obviously with this
method of keeping the cooling water
moving the passages and tubes of the
water system must be of generous
size and the radiator must be located
well above the water Jackets, so that
the outlet pipe will slant upward, the
inlet pipe showing little deviation
from the straight.
The thermo-syphon water system
has the great advantage in simplicity;
in fact, nothing could be simpler; it
fojlows directly the working of a nat-
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SNAPPED AT ?riETEE.TH AXD COUCH STREETS LAST WEEK AS CR.DING TEAMS BEGAN WORK.
This new addition will add a two-story brick and concrete building. 60 feet wide by 200 feet long, ex
tending clear from Nineteenth street to Twentieth, to the present quarters of the C. L- Boss Automobile
company. Mr. Boss retains his present quarters In Washington street. The new building will Include
ample service facilities and a complete shop for Hudson, Essex, Chalmers and Maxwell cars. It will
cost approximately $40,000 and Is to be rushed to completion.
i
ural law. When properly designed.
the system is quite adequate to ordi
nary demands. It is particularly ef
fective on small engines. The mat
ter of design is paramount with re
spect to this type of cooling system.
In the thermo-syphon cooling system
obstructions are more serious than in
the pump system because there is not
the positive flow of water which
tends to push minor obstructions of
foreign matter out of the way. The
thermo-syphon system must be kept
rigorously clean.
In the pump cooling system a cen
trifugal pump, driven from the
engine, forces the water around the
system, thus maintaining the circu
lation needed for proper cooling. As
long as the engine is running the
pump is operating and the water is
circulating. The pump system is more
expensive to Install, which explains
' why a majority of our American cars
use thermo-syphon cooling.
Both types of cooling systems op
crate on the same general principle.
The radiator is located at the- front
of the system and has a tank at the
top and another at the bottom. The
core of the radiator is the section
lying between the. two tanks, and it
Is this which we commonly think of
when we speak of the radiator; it
looks like a honeycomb.
Tm Klada f Radiator.
There are two different methods
of making this core, one Known as
cellular, the other tubular. In the
cellular type the air is drawn through
a set of tubes, while the water flows
down through the spaces among the
tubes. In the tubular type the v.Hter
flows through tubes and the air is
drawn through the spaces between.
In operation the water flows Into
the tank at the top of the radiator.
where a series of baffle plates dis
tribute it all over the width of the
core, through which it flows down
ward Into the tank at the bottom. If
it were not for these plates the water
would be likely to flow down in a
stream through one small section of
the core and would not get a chance
to become thoroughly cooled.
The shape of the radiator has con
siderable to do with its efficiency in
cooling. The high, narrow radiator is
more efficient for the reason that the
water has a longer distance to go while
It is undergoing the cooling process.
It used to be common to find that
the car manufacturer had not allowed
enough radiator area to give really
efficient cooling. Today this is not
so. and the cooling systems of stand
ard cars will be found entirely ade
quate to their work.
In fact the tendency today is per
haps rather on the side of too much
cooling. All cooling is waste, neces
sary to an extent, but waste never
theless. If it were not for the neces
sity of maintaining the film of oil
in the cylinders the engine would be
more efficient without the cooling
feature.
It is possible, however, to maintain
the temperature of the engine at the
exact point where maximum effici
ency is secured without endangering
the lubrication, which is vital to op
eration. Within the last few years
our engineers have evolved a system
of thermostatic control, which keeps
the engine at its highest temperature
consistent with safety.
How It Works.
Thermostatic control consists of a
Valve fixed in the water line and so
designed that when the cooling water
falls to a certain predetermined point,
thus shutting off the circulation of
water, the latter is quickly brought
up to efficient operating temperature,
when the valve opens again to permit
the cooling demanded by safety.
The cooling system does ryct need
any very great amount of attention.
It should be thoroughly cleaned out
at least once a year and it Is advis
able to take the radiator to a firm
specialising In this work for cleans
ing. As much as four pounds of
muck are often taken out of one radi
ator. Many car owners find It advantage
ous to fill the cooling system with a
trong solution of washing soda and
water and then run the engine fori
half an hour. This helps reduce scale
deposits and when the system Is
drained and flushed out two or three
times' with 'clear water a noticeable
Improvement In operation is inevit
able. Once a year the rubber hose
connections should be renewed and
the fan belt should be tested often to
see that it is tight enough to Insure
proper operation of this important
unit.
TRACTOR EVENT BIG ONE
nUYKRS TO FLOCK TO NEW
YORK SHOW.
PEXXSY CANS BILLBOARDS
No Advertising Signs Permitted
Along the Highways.
Highway Commissioner Sadler has
issued orders to county road superin
tendents throughout Pennsylvania to
remove advertising signs from the
10.335 miles of state highway. He
holds such displays within the legal
limits of a state road route against
the law. The superintendents must
immediately remove these signs, some
of which overhang the road and others
of which are placed on poles and
fences owned by the state. A state
ment issued by the department says
complaints have been received from
tourists that some of the signs, imi
tative of the regular detour signs.
have misled them in the night. Can
didates' poster pictures and hotel
signs have especially been a nuisance
HINT ON COMMUTATOR
THIS TELLS THE EASIEST WAY
CLEAN SET.
Latest Improvements In Tractor
Engineering o Be Demon
strated This Month.
TO
Motorists Warned Under No
cumstances, However,
Use Emery Cloth.
Cir.
to
It is difficult to get at commutators
as a rule due to the small opening at
the commutator end of the generator
or starting motor. This requires that
some simple tool be made to get the
commutator through one of the brush
holder openings. The easiest way to
do this is to take the cover of a cigar
box or some thin wood stock and
make a small paddle about four or
six inches long and about half the
width of the brush holder.
To use this simple arrangement for
cleaning generator commutators first
remove the most accessible generator
brush and then wrap a strip of No. 00
sandpaper over the end of the paddle
and use it through the brush holder
when the engine is running as one
would use a hand lathe tool. This
will tboroughly clean the commutator
and do it evenly.
Under no circumstances use emery
cloth or electrical cloth, as emery is
a conductor and will short the com
mutator.
Shorted armature windings on most
machines will make themselves known
by turning the segments of the arma
ture a blue color.. One shorted wind
ing will make two segments 180 de
grees apart or one-half way around
the commutator change color.
A starting motor will run under
battery power when one - of the
brushes is removed, hence the clean
ing of the starting motor commutator
can be done when the motor is driv
ing the engine. A dirty motor com
mutator causes arcing and heating.
Tbis Is also true If the contact faces
of the brushes are cut and not smooth.
If this condition is found, it is best
to smooth the faces of the brushes, as
they will cut the commutator so badly
in a short time that it will have to be
refaced by taking a cut off of it ic a
lathe. "
To Clean Off Carbon.
Clean off carbon with a cloth
dipped in gasoline, or a brush may be
used. Touch up the points of plug
with emery cloth, but do not touch
emery to glazed porcelain, as it
scratches and makes it soot up all
the more rapidly. A cracked core
must be replaced, 1
NEW TOHK, Oct. 4. Having made
a series of trips to the tractor factory
cities during the last several weeks,
M. B. Mawby, manager of the Interna,
tional Farm Tractor and Implement
Exchange, believes that the exposition
scheduled for New York on October
15 will open most auspiciously with
a thoroughly representative line of
tractors and implements. This exposi
tion is to be one of the eight perma
nent industrial exhibits of the Mer
chants and Manufacturers' Exchange
in Grand Central Palace, each of
which will occupy an entire floor.
50.000 square feet area. Manufac
turers and selling agents of farm
tractors, harvesting machinery, agri
cultural waterworks, silos and the
like will be represented.
The fame of this enterprise already
is spreading throughout the world.
and the Grand Central palace is des
tined to become a mecca for buyers,
i both domestic and foreign. It Is the
first time, such a venture has been
attempted, but its success is abso
lutely assured by the caliber of the
backing of the enterprise. To this
great clearing house will come in-
This is a distinct mistake, because It
is simply going bock to solid tires.
after having paid the extra cost of
pneumatics.- Filler simply makes a
solid tire of the pneumatic, with a
slight gain in resiliency over the ordi
nary solid.
CADILLAC ZIPS ALONG FAST
Goodyear Equipped Car Makes
85-Mile Speed in Races.
A performance which indicates that
the attainment of high speed in auto
mobile races is not limited to contests
held on specially constructed Bpeed
ways is the one that has just been
accomplished by O. W. Smith of
Thomasville, Ga. In a Cadillac car
equipped with Goodyear cord tires.
Smith won the free-for-all 100-mile
race held at Pablo Beach Labor day,
at a speed of 85 miles an hour.
FOR E
m
ARMY SPEED LIMITS.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 4. The
service division of the motor
transport corps has prescribed
maximum limits of speed, both
i in town and county, for all mo-
tor vehicles under its jurisdic-
tion; a case of emergency fur
nishing the only exception. In
structions also provide that
speed plates giving the maxi
mum speed allowed be stenciled
and Installed in every motor
vehicle: that violations will be
carefully noted, disciplinary
measures promptly taken and
that local speed regulations will
not be violated.
The speed regulations, as
stated in the order are:
In Out of
Town. Town.
Vehicle Type M.P.H. M.P.H.
Trucks, class AA. . . . 12 20
Trucks, class A 12 15
Trucks, class B 8 14
Ambulances 12 18
Light delivery -ton
capacity or less. .. . 13 20
Small passenger ve
hicles 15 25
Motorcycles without
sidecars 18 35
Motorcycles with
sidecars 18 30
Heavy passenger ve
hicles 18 35
PENNSYLVANIA' RUBBER CO. IS
BUILDING MODERN HOMES.
Flans Made for 600 Residences to
Be Erected and Sold
Workmen at Plant.
to
qulries where farm and machinery
and other commodities are desired
Concerns both large and small.
whose products will stand the minut
est examination and comparison, may
secure space in the various permanent
expositions at a very moderate price
per annum. Manufacturers, dealers.
jobbers, engineers and others visit
ing New York will constantly stream
In and out of the huge building to
Inspect the latest and most improved
devices and machines in the particu
lar lines in which they are interested.
end this will afford an opportunity
for manufacturers to Interest cus
tomers in their products by direct
contact.
Construction of homes for employes
of the Pennsylvania Rubber company
at Jeannette, Pa., on a 120-acre patch
purchased by the company especially
for this purpose, will begin in the near
future, according to word receivediby
local vacuum cup tire dealers. It is
the plan of the large rubber corpora
tion to construct a "factory city." .
In common with hundreds of large
manufacturing concerns throughout
the country, the Pennsylvania Rubber
company has for the past two years
faced a serious shortage of housing
facilities for its workmen.
The remarkable growth of the
makers of vacuum cup tires, say fac
tory reports, has brought a steadily
increasing army of expert workmen
to the town, with the result that
houses are at premium. The rubber
company was quick to realize that
it woUfd be necessary to take 'upon
itself the necessity of furnishing suit
able homes.
Accordingly, it purchased approxi
mately 20 acres immediately south of
the plant, upon which it is erecting
modern homes. These homes are not
of the type commonly known as "fac
tory houses," but are modern, commo
dious residences of stucco and brick,
and are sold to the workmen on such
extremely liberal terms that they are
being snapped up eagerly as soon as
erected. Twelve have already been
completed, and are now occupied.
Thirty-three more are in the course
of construction and will be ready for
occupancy not later than November.
Streets are being graded and im
proved, and it is within the present
plans to continue until a minimum
colony of 600 homes has been com
pleted, set down in the midst of the
finest industrial developments in the
country.
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The cero-EiGHT has the restraint of true art. Its
boldness is tempered by a whimsical touch of the un
conventional. It is refreshingly different without being
flamboyant, and though it appeals instantly to the con
noisseur, it is equally as impressive to the most casual
observer. It is a creation of peculiar fascination
for those seeking the exclusive and the new.
Prices guaranteed against reduction during 1919
Northwest Auto Co.
"The Line Complete"
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Pilill I "Cole Motor Car' -Company, Indianapolis, U. S. A.
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ALDER AT EIGHTEENTH
Cole Motor Car Company, Indianapolis, U. S. A.
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HE RODE IN FIRST HAYNES
FRAXK WIGGIXS RECALLS EX
PERIENCE OF 1893.
Tire Fillers.
Soma operators of light motor
trucks have tried the experiment of
using tire fillers In their casings.
WHITE TRUCK USEFUL IN HAULING PEACH CROP.
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To bad this Isa't aa Orrcos picture. Ick mt ability to handle tta crop re
ulted la losa of moat of the imthrri Oregon peach crop this year. The
photo la from Maryland, where 37 White trucks are employed by one firm
aloae to handle Its product. The picture was taken on the largest peach
orchard la the United States, that of Harrison's Nurseries, where two
White trucks this season have transported the 0,O0v-bnaheI crof from
2300 peach tr- -
Strap Jack to Footboard.
Undoubtedly the jack is one of the
most difficult tools in the car's equip
ment to carry.. If it is carried loosely
in the tool .box, it is so heavy that it
is likely to break something, and yet
it must be so located that It can be
got at easily when needed. In many
cases it is a good plan to carry the
jack strapped to the running-boards
or the footboard.
iBUICKj
EXPERTS:
BUICK REPAIRS
EXCLUSIVELY
32,000 sq. ft. floor space. J
Live or dea4 storage. B
! Cheap rates.
SUPPLIES
2 PARTS
PORTLAND BUICK
a . REPAIR CO. "
N. W. Cor. Sixteenth and
" Jefferson Sts.
Portland, Or. Main 3419
Secretary of Los Angeles Chamber
of Commerce Tells of Long
Ago Ride.
When Frank Wiggins, secretary of
the Los Angeles. i chamber of com
merce, took his first automobile ride
in 1893 "his first thought was of the
effect universal adoption of a "horse
less carriage" would have upon the
harness business, his own particular
line before he came to Tcs Angeles
In 1886.
Wiggins was back at the world's
fair at Chicago in 1893 as the repre
sentative and booster of .Los Angeles
Kokomo, Ind., was not so very far
away, and in that town were a num
ber of old friends, for Kokomo had
been one of his regular stops in his
old days as traveling salesman for a
harness firm.
"One day I was there Elwood
Haynes was giving the original
Haynes a tryout on the main street
of the town. The machine closely re
sembled one of the . four-wheeled
phaetons or sulkies of the day. It
was fitted with solid rubber tires,
had a dinky litle curved dash in
front and numerous exposed gears
and bicycle chains showing in the
underworks.
"Of course, the street was lined
with people out to see the 'funny con
traption,' and several had been in
vited to take a ride. Someone asked
me to get into the car, and I did. I
only rode a half a block or a block,
but even that is something to look
back on now as a wonderful experi
ence. "I don't suppose Mr. Haynes him
self In those early days was able to
picture in his mind how great would
be the development of his ideas in
the next 26 years; certainly his wild
est dreams would never reach the
perfection of lines, mechanical con
struction and power that the Kokomo
factory has achieved in the 1920
Haynes, for instance. It Is an achieve
ment to rank with the wonders of the
world, and Elwood Haynes may well
be proud of that little old 'contrap
tion' now in the archives of the
Smithsonian institution at Washing
ton."
GOOD ROADS SAVE BIG MOXEY
$25,000 Daily Estimated Economy
in Milwaukee.
The improved roads of Milwaukee
county, Wisconsin, save J25.000 a day
to the neople who use them. This is
the estimate of the county commis
sioner of highways, as reported to the
bureau of public roads of the United
States department of agriculture. The
statistics are based on a census of
the traffic taken periodically during
the last four years. The census is
made by selecting 52 points scattered
throughout the county and making
seven counts at each point, one for
every day of the week. The count Is
not made on consecutive days, but at
various periods from April to No
vember, so as to arrive at average
conditions. This census is taken to
determine the durability of certain
types of pavement, according to the
amount of traffic a square yard. It
shows that about 25,000 vehicles of
all kinds travel the highways each
day. Traffic on the road has in
creased about 42 per cent a year dur
ing the four years In which the sur
vey has been made.
99
T
i sWr iinTi 7 t
Not One Cent for Repairs-
Not One Minute Off the Job!
Yakima' Fruit' Growers'1 Association
praises Atterbury truck
"Our 2-ton Atterbury has been in constant service over
all kinds of roads, carrying an average of 4 tons most of
the time. '
"VVe have not had to spend one cent for repairs nor has
the truck been laid up a single minute.
"On hills it will out-pull any truck of equivalent rating,
and then some !"
'This letter from the Yakima Fruit Growers' Association,
Yakima, Wash., shows why truck owners are looking
not at first cost, but at the service and earning capacity
of the trucks they buy. .
If you are looking, for the kind of a truck that will give
this kind of service, come in and let us show you the
Atterbury. '.
Atterbury Truck Sales Co.
"Truck Specialists"
Distributors for Oregon, South Washington, Western Idaho,
334 Oak Street, Portland Broadway 354
MOTORTRUCKS OF
9 ll
MAXIMUM S ERVICB
7r7T SK J4
YOU WILL find that the Lib
erty owner is especially
proud of two things :
One is the beauty of the Liberty;
the other, the difference in the
way in which it rides and drives.
Its beauty, of course, needs no
demonstration, for its distinc
tive, individual design is quite
apparent.
And if you will ride with him, or
with us, for just ten minutes,
you will be convinced that the
difference he speaks of is not
born of his enthusiasm but a
real and vital difference in the
Liberty itself.
W. H. Wallingford Co.
522 Alder St., Portland
Branch 707 Washington St., Vancouver, Wash.
LIBERTY
I