fTHE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, POKlXAXD, HLT 13, 1919.
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- U "7 - :,' V - " ' - i
' , ' 5 ' - - -) i i - I fai - Til mi i
r -7' V' "Statiriqne," an ImaginatiTe Stndy of tha '
; - . ; Fantastic
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, - Vice-President Marehatt. f ' -l,m , X , : rv-JT
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'V" ' 'V - - ' Count Dya Tolstoy.
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Ill Hill II II,
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Former Speaker Champ Clark.
BT BjJTBABA CRATXK3X.
Moise -Wainer-Dykaar
PUSSIA mir bar bn mora debat
d thaa any othr oountry in th
V world, ttm rami HatlmenU and
Vlratlona may hav baan regarded
da npnml pnzxla but tbara haa beaa
at bo tlma any traat dWaralty of opln
tea aa to bar laatlacta for art. Roaalan
patntara aad wrltara bar Ions bald
vary hl(h plaea. Bar aealptur baa bean
Sot leaa aotablo.
A. Rnaataa aealptor lrbo baa aatab-
Babod Mm If la Nt Tork and who
aspraaaea tbo bop of winning a real
knowladc of American Ufa, la Molse
.walaar-Iykaar.
Walnar-Dykaar aoema to bava made
ratber poaltlT Impraealon la tbla
Diutry aa aa artiat of mora than ordl
ary Taraatlllty. Bla braadtb of sub
ject la. lade, remarkable, kfoet men
t reballloaa tmaclnatloa are likely to
be limited to a bUarr. If net a freak
lab, eatpat. Th Russian appears to
pa from scbolarly Interpretations of
portraiture to bisbly tmarlnatlve de
vice wltb perfect eae and to aocom-
aliab notahla results la botb fields.
Coatraatlaa; Tbieiis
Tbu yoo win so themes irk 3at
triqoe." a sreat raiiety of purely fanci
ful forma, and then find Champ Clark,
or Vice-President Marshall. Judce Leon
Sanders, or Hudson
A head of striking" qualities la that
of Count Dya Tolstoy, who rave the
sculptor eight one-hour aitttnga. It
cannot be doabted that the artist was
ber working on a moat congenial sub
ject. To a Russlaa tbo name of Tol
stoy Is on to b revered and In Inter
preting bla distinguished compatriot
w alner-Dykaar worked wltb fruitful
enthusiasm.
Champ Clark wrote to the artiat In
high praise of bla work. Hudson Uax
fen was evea mora emphatic In acknowl
edgment of the portrait faithfulness
aa well aa the artistic force wltb which
th dellneattona of the ttmou InTeator
bad beaa Invested.
People of dtatlncttT qualities quite
naturally appeal to aa art let. Men like
laoa Cobrtn. th Russian dramatist.
Udt modeling that betrays a keen
aaa of IntaUectual proportion.
aereral times Vice-President Mar
abaj bad posed for artists but Is said
rr to bav felt satisfied. He la un
derstood to have refused to sit for any-TiTi'"-
"nt he yielded after seeing
the work that was being done on Mr.
Clark's bust.
A committee of the library of con
gress having passed upon It, the Mar
shall bust In marble will stand at the
senate and of the capltol among the
figures of th vice-presidents of the
United States.
The Incident Illustrates a significant
tact In the career of portrait artists,
whether they work In clay or In paint.
A mere theory of fame, or even a guar
antee of faltbfulness. Is not so Import
ant in luting a altter aa aa actual ex
ample of work reflecting known fea
tures. "A sculptor haa Just been doing
a portrait of ma Come and take a look
at It." Tbu. begins the test. To like
th work, to find a visualisation that
baa winning qualities botb aa to trans
latlon and aa to style Is to be ripened
for the process of sitting.
Perbapa no one dreads that word
"sitting" mora than the averag Amer
lean. It sounds tremendously Inactive,
especially aa the natural association Is
wltb th seventy of the photographer's
studio. But of course the painter and
the sculptor do not require rigidity of
In the case of the sculptor, who. If the
subject chooses to change bis position.
simply swings bis modeling stand and
goes on with bis work; for the sculptor
la working "la the round." He la not
dependent on the way light falls. It is
form that he is after. To accomplish
the triumph of having the character
ahlo through the created form that
la bis chosen and very difficult task.
Iasrraetln aisipllfled.
nice lady la said to have asked
Saint Gaudens. "Ia sculpture very dif
ficultr
-Not at all." said Saint Gaudens. "Al
you have to do ia to take a piece of
mar be 1 and a mallet and than chip off
ail th marble you don't want."
Most sculptors no longer work in
clay, which haa to b kept moist until
the work Is completed. The material
now In common use is plasterllne, a me
dium that la as pliable as putty, that
kolda Its form Indefinitely and that la
ready tor re-use attar th casting. The
cast la of plaster of Paris, with which
a mold la produced. From this mold a
final cast of plaater may be made. By
th same means a mold Is mads tor the
easting In bronsa.
Wainar-Dykaar was born In Vllna,
Russia, la list. Hs is the eon of work
ing people, and In common with four
brothers and five sisters he bad to
make his own way. His parents wished
him to go Into the church, but th
artist In him rebelled. Chance permit
ted him to get a little art education at
the ag of IT. Hs followed this up
with other study and finally mad bis
way to Paris, where he studied under
Raoul Verlet. A figure of a peasant
woman won his first recognition from
the Salon, and a dream figure, a sym
bolic creation In marble which he called
"First Flowers," made a strong impres
sion on the French art world.
Thus bis progress has not been me
teoric, but ratber haa been a steady up
ward progress, a fact which gives to
bis work a maturity and confidence
particularly to be desired la sculpture
that is to endure. Unlike a painter, a
sculptor cannot expec. greatly to profit
by artistic accident. "Tricks" avail him
little. He must know form and see It,
and in th translation b must pursue
his task with full control of this knowl
edge.
Walner-Dykaar la a modernist wltb'
out being In any sense aa extreme rad
ical. He Is, Indeed, a conservative la
his adherence to what be regards as the
best Ideals of th classic.
Modern Bern! p tar Change.
Modern sculpture, perhaps mostly un
der tha influence of the revolutionary
Rodin, abandons the smooth technique
of the older schools. Modern sculpture
reserves the right of the painter aad
the writer to give a personal touch to
methods of expression, a touch corre
sponding to the touch t the painter's
brush. Some subjects may be inter
preted with a smooth surface, others
with a very rough surface, but the ef
feet Is not supposed to be as of a sur
face made from a mere mold. To get
color" into his work this Is the sculp
tor's new aim. Thus black hair will be
so rendered aa to catch shadows aad
give the effect of th darker texture.
White hair will have smooth planea
that glisten like th lighter surfaces
In life. Tha same wltb clothes, or even
complexions.
It we take for example the coat of
Champ Clark we shall see how much
the rough, impressionistic treatment of
the medium givea textural value to tha
garb while at the same time (and this
is th vital point) giving fieah contrast
to th face.
In th "Modern Sphinx" an unfin
ished study of a girl's head, the sculp-
Striking Work
by the Russian
Sculptor, Moise
Wainer-Dykaar,
Wlio Interprets
Celebrities and
Many Strange
Dreams
A Dream Figure, the First Flowers.
Unfinished Study of "The Modern Sphinx."
tor has pur symbolism In mind, the
myatary In all personality plus that
eternal mystery of sex of which men
have talked since the beginning of tlma
What painter or sculptor has not at
least wished to express that mysteryT
Countless devotees of art bar sought
to express it. Perhaps those artists
succeed best who put Into their trans-
latloa qualitlea that leave th spectator
fullest play to the vagaries of bis own
imagination. -
CONFESSIONS OF A TIN HAT
RELATED IN ALL CONFIDENCE
Battlav-Scamd Helmet Telia Story of Doughboy's Bravery and Love While
Filhting Abroad.
JC8T a fsw days before th Fourth
ef July I know, because I can see
th calendar below m on bis sis
tar desk, rv beaa billettd on this
pafl for quit a few days now and I
must say ran quit comfortably situ
ated. Next t bis bead, it'a th beat
baervatioa post Iv struck, but I
aa't help thinking bow different it
ail ia from last year last Fourth of
July, which was th first day be war
tie I was a rookie than and aow I'm
a veteraa.
Of course I was given to him back
bar In tha statea. with tb rest of his
evereeaa equipment. I often wonder
bow I happened to be singled out from
among the thousands of my tie broth-
era, to help protect the pluckiest, cheer
fuieet boy ia the whole army.
elU aa I waa saying, last Fourth
f July I made my first publio appear
ance. We had been training, tor sev
eral weeks. In a camp In the southern
part of France, aear Bordeaux, and on
Independence day his outfit was among
tnoe picked for a parade la that city.
I doa't remember that h Boomed par
ticularly oerlojed at the thought of
parading, but 1 was. because It meant
the beginning of m v career. Cntll I
beard the news of that parade, I had
bn led te believ my rblef function
la- th A. K. V. was to be -Inspected. "
I'll never forget that day la aWrdeaux.
tvbea tb band struck up aad we first
swung doer the avenue, there wasn't
muck enthusiasm not as much aa we'd
eiperted. but when they broke into
th second tune, a French march, the
crowds went wild. Only one since
have I witnessed such an excited
throng of onlookers and I can tell you.
tt waa a thrilling moment for us tin
derbies. Just oat of the bandbox, aa
past anight ssjr Three days later we,
were at "th front" aad my real work
began.
Males Camxldemoe Heeclvcd.
It waa during those first tew days
or real business that ha began to talk
I to ma. On evening h waa squatting
on the floor of bla dugout. The mail
hadnt caught up wltb us yet there
wasn't anything to do. aa tt was dark
and lights were defendu. He held me
ia his bsnd and looked at me thought
fully. "It's ber birthday, tonight. Ui
sis." he said slowly, and scarcely above
a whisper so ths other fellows wouldn't
hear. "I wonder If she's thinking of
me?" I smiled to mysaif he said ha
"wondered." but be really never
doubted for a minute that aba waa.
That waa th first time he called me
"Lizzie." too, but he never told me why.
I noticed in the months that followed
that he only spoke to me when he was
particularly blue or homesick.
He wrote dandy letters bom. Of
course from my vantaga point I could
see everything. He had two kinds of
letters ths ones he wrote to mother
and sister and those he wrote to ber.
For instance. In the first kind he
would eloaa like this: "Don't worry
about me. mother dear, 'cause I'm as
safe as any one over here and when I
come home m tell you how much Tve
missed you" or "Tour letters are
fine, sis. keep up the good work. Lots
of love to all" but to her well he'd
Juet say something different. I liked
her lettera beet!
Tea, I had my thrills. Lots of them.
That hoi la my brlrnT Oh that's Just
a little souvenir of the night k was
nippe. Hed gone wltsr the liaison of
ficer to the Infantry aa the N. C O-
although be waa a private at the tlma
and was sent back to the commanding
ft teen 4m lltU matter of about five
los wltb a message, Tha last mil
of his way lay across open fields aad
as the moon was shining he could be
plainly seen by Jerry. He didn't seem
to realise this, however, until machine
gun bulleta began to fall within a
couple of feet of blm aU around. He
made a diva for a shell hoi about five
yards away but Just as he reached it
one of them made that hole In my brim,
erased his eheek and aank Into bla
shoulder. Tou see. it's a trick of Jer
ry's to turn a machine gun on one man.
like that.
Message Is Delivered.
My boy lay very still and I guess
Jerry thought he'd "bumped blm off.'
for he stopped firing ia our direction.
Luckily for me, I stock tight wbea be
feu. If I hadn't I probably never
would have been bom wltb him now,
even though hia name waa printed en
my chin strap. No on would have
thought to pick me up with blm aay
more than they'd think of picking up
a ladys bandksrehief la a railroad
accident.
Somehow, be managed to get "back
wltb that message, vv hen they took
him to th hospital a while later bis
wound proved to be a alight on and
after a few weeks we returned to bis
outfit. That waa a happy day for me
after hanging in a musty cubbyhole
with the rest of his things, not know
ing from one day to the next whether
or not hed been sent to a base.
I have a rather confused recollection
of the next couple of months. W had
long marches, during which I hung
fastened to hia left shoulder meet ef
the time A lot of the other fellows
threw away their tin hats didn't want
to be bothered with them on hikes and
took ehancea of picking up others at
the next front. Put my boy kept me and
I did my best to be of service to him.
When they'd stop for 10-mtnute rests
along the road, it waa rather awkward
sitting down with the pack on hia back
because tt waa so long it would push
up into his neck and be most uncom
fortable, sa he discovered that by turn
ing ma upside down and sitting on
me the pack would hang over the edge
of my brim. Sometime he used me aa
a pillow. He'd apread a folded-up
blanket on tha ground, put me. right
side up, under one end and with an
other blanket over him and bis bead'
on me ba used to say ha could sleep
"till the war's over" and In those days
to say, "till the war's over" seemed
like saying, "till th world oomea to
an end.
But, oh that wonderful day the 11th
of November! We'd Just come through
the hardest "push" of the whole wa:
at least, what we saw of It and to
have the tension let down so unex
pectedly welll I thought my boy bad
gone mad. He whirled me Into the air
again and again, shouting "La guerre
eat flni!" Once he kicked ma so bard
I have the dent In my crown yet-
thought he was angry with mo at first.
but when I saw all the other boys oo-
lag th same things I realized It must
be Just some queer way boya have of
expressing great Joy. I was glad, for
once in my life; that I had no feelings.
After dark they built a huge boon
It was great! and th night before
not even the light on th tip of a
cigarette bad been seen anywhere.
Then came our last hike togeth
down the great, broad avenue of his
home city. He wore bis little o. l. cap,
but I was fastened to his left shoulder
Just as I had been so many times when
he tramped the roada of Franc. It
was great to bear tha people abouting
their welcome to the boys and to see
their happy, excited faces, but I couldn't
help feeling a bit sober, knowing that
It was the last time rd ever bike wltb
him. However. Just as his company
was ordered to break ranks, something
happened. Someene broke through the
crowd on the curb and rushed toward
him someone vary young and adorable.
with Iluffy light hair. I didn't look to
see what happened next. I didn't think
it was fair to look Just then, but I
heard him say one word "Teareat!"
aad then I knew It was she!
Last night aa he passed the desk he
gave me a friendly tap and said. "Well.
Llzsie. she and I are going to be mar
ried next Friday." He looked around I
to ae If anyone could hear, then con
tinued. T s'pose It's silly and senti
mental, but I'm going to see that you're
stuck In some corner of that room so
yon can see that wedding. After what
we've been through together it Just
wouldn't seem right not to have you
in at the finish. How about it, old pal?"
d If Td had a heart It would have
stopped beating that moment, for par
Joy.
PULL OF EARTH'S SATELLITE
' RECOVERS GUN FROM OCEAN
fThineff Eagineers Show Officers of American Warship Simple TJs
of Lunar Energy.
OW tb Chines as moon power to
recover object lost overboard
from ship ia shown in th fol
lowing incident: .
American warship lymg to a
Chinese river lost one of its big guns
overboard. How the accident happened
it not a matter of record, but that has
no thin a- to do with the story
The gun lay half buried in th mud of
the river bottom, aad ail attempts to
fish it us proved fruitless. Then
Chinaman came along and offered to
undertake tha Job.
The term were no pay unless he de
livered tie goods. "Go ahead." said the
officer In command incredulous, or
course; for how could a Chinaman ac
complish what Americans had found to
be Impracticable r
Th Chinaman brought half a dozen
halnara and some tall "sheerlegs," which
ha nlanted deeD in the muo. 1M anter-
Ifls-s were nrovided with a substantial
wooden float, which waa attached by
rope to th gun. th water oemg oi
no great depth. , .
The next tide raised ins iiosi ells, mi
with It the gun. Aiaue iasi at
that height, timbers were placed be
neath the float again, and yet again,
so that each subsequent tide lifted it,
and the gun along with it aa additional
six feet. The process was continued
until the gun was raised clear out oi
tha water and placed on "the deck of
the warship.
Th Americas naval officer were as
tonished. But it waa a very old idea
from the Chinaman's viewpoint. For
many eenturio they had been ac
customed to us this method for li'fting
huge stones required in the construc
tion of docks and for other purposes.
Given sheerlegs long enough and plenty
of timbers, any submerged object, no
raised by such means, not only out of
water, but hundreds of feet into the
air.
What, after an, was tho secret of this
"magic" . of th moon? Whence the
oowerT
Why. nothing could be more simple.
The Chinamen who recovered the Ameri
can warship's gun and placed it again
on her deck were availing themselves
of no earthly energy. They were em
ploying the pull of th moon.
Scientists explain that lunar energy
Is developed in this way: As the earth
revolves, the moon, by the attraction
of its enormous mass 7J,OO,0O0,000.e0o
tons), raises that part of the ocean
nearest It to a height of about three
feet, thus forming a wave that travels
around the globe once In 14 hours. This
wave is called the tide.
To utilise the power ef the tides for
the production of mechanical energy is
a problem that has been much discussed
and which, in a small way, may be said
to have been measurably solved. Buoa
being the case, it seems very odd that
the method employed, undeniably suc
cessful on a minor scale, ahould not
have been developed on a large nd
comprehensive plan.
One might say, indeed, that the in
vention in question was long ago an
accomplished fact. For during many
vears past there have been In operation
along the New England coast, at points
where the tidal inlets offered oppor
tunity, flour mills and sawmill run
literally by moon power.
where such Jocal conditions exist It
is an easy matter to dam the inlet,
thus providing a reservoir Into wbloh
the sea flows as the tide rises. On the
ebb of the tide -the water is allowed
to flow out through a gated opening,
causing a wheel to revolve and driving
the machinery that grinda th grata -or
matter how big or bow heavy, could be isaw the lumber, in noma case the
tides are mad to do work both going
aad coming.
To make this method efficient on a
large seals it is necessary merely to
conatruot reservoirs of great alxe, with)
the requisite machinery, in places where
hug bodies of water can be handled.
Why has not this been undertaken? No.
body knowa But at the present Urn
so cable dispatches say) capital Is be-
Ing enlisted for the purpose in England
one scheme contemplated being that
of damming the waters ef the river Dee.
and equipping aa immense power plant
with turbines and electric generators to
furnish energy and distribute it for
long distances over wires.
Not merely inlets, but large estuaries;
can. It Is claimed, be used in this way
for tide storage and tha production of
transmissible energy on an enormous
scale. The little flour mill or sawmill
of the New England coast that derive
its power from the moon la properly to
be regarded as a mere suggestion of
th vast things practicable in the same
line.
Consider the gulf of California a
great arm of the sea with a 12-foot
rise and fall of tide. If a dam were
built across it, say competent engi
neers, it could be made to drive every
mill, locomotive and street car on tha
Pacific slope.
At the northeast corner of the United
States Is an arm of the sea called the
bay of Fundy. There the moon geta in
some very picturesque work. Its at
traction piles up the water in the bay
to such an extent that the latter rises
and falls 20 feet twice In 24 hours.
Engineers say that extensive reser
voirs could be constructed for the re
ception of some of this-water, which
would snable it (in flowing out) to
operate turbines. A small fraction of
the power that thus goes to ' waste
would suffice to run the machinery of
all the factories on the Atlantic coast,
operate all ths railroads and trolleys,
llaht all the cities and heat all the
houses and business buildings.
It seems safe to predict that the next
great epoch-making invention Incom
parably more important to the future
of mankind than the flying machine
will furnish means for harnassing the
moon, whereby that long IdTe satellite
ay be compelled to Justify its exist
ence by - working for the benefit of
the earth's inhabitants.