GETTYSBURG THEN AND NOW FROM GRAPE TO TANKS
Sons and Grandsons of the Gray Mingle Today With the Posterity of the Blue at Historic
Highwater Mark of the Rebellion in Training for Our Fleets of New Yankee Land Battleships
BY CHARLES "W. DCKE,
GETTYSBURG, Fa. "Berlin Junc
tion!" Like tho crack of a Hun shell
dropped suddenly in the midst of a
bunch of raw recruits came the crisp
cry of the elongated Western Maryland
Railroad brakeman on the early morn
ins train that skims along through
miles of undulating grain fields in
Southern Pennsylvania by tho route
that leads up from industrially quick
ened York to the bucolic and sacred en
virons of Gettysburg the highwater
mark of the Rebellion.
"Berlin Junction!" came the cry
again, as the whistle of the airbrakes
resounded along the keel of the rocking
passenger coaches and the eteel shoes
gripped the spinning wheels with the
force of a relentless deterrent.
If General Pershing himself had
stepped into the smoking car at that
particular moment and shouted, "Here
comes Kaiser Bill!" the effect could
have been no more magical upon the
score of khaki-clad youngsters loung
ing in their seats in the lethargy of a
long and tiresome rail trip. As the
train drew up finally before a little
way station placarded "Berlin Junc
tion," every mother's son caught the
Inspiration of the moment.
"E-yah," chortled a dozen spirited
youths in a rebel yell not unlike the
famous old rebel yells flung across the
same valley more than half a century
ago.
"Look, look Berlin Junction!"
snorted a slim, wiry sergeant as he
straightened smartly against the plush
backed seat and extended a forefinger
to the signboard fronting the station.
"What you-all know about that!"
cut in a husky private with a chuckle.
"Here you are, fellows." he -continued.
"All off for Berlin Junction.
Here's the road we're looking for the
royal road to Berlin. Oh, boy, lead me
to it!"
"Up From the South."
All this in the unmistakable drawl of
the Southerner, the round-cornered,'
smooth-running lingo of the Son of
Dixie. From his- comrades in khaki
came the same characteristic accents
of the Southland as these intrepid lads
vented their merriment over the name
of the sleepy little burg they had en
countered on the last leg of the long
trip from Dixie t Gettysburg.
Attracted by the demonstration, the
writer had elbowed his way into the
smoking car to get a line on the cause
of the Jubiliation.
"Where are you boys from?" I In
quired of a rangy six-footer, a hand
some youth with a bronzed and smiling
face, pearl-white teeth, broad shoul
ders, free and easy limbs and the bulk
of a modern giant.
"We all come from the South." he
drawled, turning with all the deferen
tial grace of the chivalric Southerner.
"Twelve of us are from New Orleans;
the i-est from Birmingham, Ala.," he
explained. "Bound for the tank camp
over at Gettysburg, and hoping right
soon to get going over there," with a
twinkle in his fun-loving eyes.
Conversation was interrupted by now
by a line of Dixie boys piling pell-mell
out of their prison car (they had been
riding from Monday and it now was
Thursday morning). This "Berlin Junc
tion" had stirred them up, and they
were out to let loose a bit of their pent
up enthusiasm upon the station plat
form. "Hope to die if I ever expected to get
next to Berlin so soon after leaving
home!" exclnimprl n n n crvtinc- T ; ;
w ej.tt.uig uvuiai
anan.
ir not now, eventually," countered
anotner.
"Change cars for the Kaiser's tnwn '
chanted another stalwart, as he swung
up on the pilot of a dinky locomotive
tnat stood on a siding coupled to
passenger coach, that shuttles back and
forth daily from Berlin, Pa., to Berlin
. Junction.
It was a great party while it lasted.
too juDiiant were these lads from the
Sunny South at the remarkable coin
cidence of encountering Berlin Junc
tion just as tney were arriving at
Gettysburg for the training that would
start them shortly in the general di
rection of the Berlin of Germany that
they held high carnival here on the
station platform. A. huge bread basket
from a York bakery afforded them a
ready "coffin" in which to lock up one
of their comrades as "Kaiser Bill" and
hold a mock funeral ceremony over
him.
It was thus that these boys from the
Southern States came up to Gettysburg
3ust on the eve of the fifty-third anni
versary of the battle of Gettysburg
the sons and grandsons, many of them,
of men who had been units in Lee's
splendid "Flower of Virginia" that
penetrated Into Pennsylvania back
there in the hot July of 1863 to this
high-water mark of the rebellion. This
route from Hanover over to Gettys
burg followed by the Western Mary
land morning express of 1918 was the
same course taken by Heth's division
of General D. H. Hill's corps as it
swung into Gettysburg from the west
on the morning of June 30, 1863, pre
liminary to the decisive battle of the
Civil War.
Then and IVowt
It was an odd circumstance this
coming up to Gettysburg now con
trasted with the invasion of more than
half a century ago, and I could not
help remarking on it to the lanky
smiling sergeant witn wnom I was
sitting.
"Yep, a whole lot different," he re
plied. "All for one now, and always
will be. Some of us ain't never been
to Gettysburg before but some of our
folks were hereabouts some years ago,
he drawled with a light laugh.
The next station after "Berlin Junc
tion" was "New Oxford," and the
southern boys were quick to catch it.
"Getting right close now; must be
somewhere in England," sang out
thin-voiced tenor who was struggling
with his kit.
Soon the train drew Into the same
little sleepy Gettysburg that Lee's
vanguard encountered in Its big drive
from Culpeper, Va., headed for Har
risburg, its main objective in the en-
IV"
One of the Companies of
circling movement around Washington
and Philadelphia. Only a busier Get
tysburg now since Uncle Sam saw fit
last February to establish a training
camp for tank recruits here on the
historic battlefield.
I took my leave of this merry com
pany of travelers as we climbed down
out of the coaches and slipped my
friendly Dixie sergeant a cake of choc
olate that I had packed for emergency
rations in a ramble through the tank
camp. He was hungry oh, yes what
soldier isn't hungry after a four days'
travel from New Orleans? But, like
the typical American soldier, he said
he was most concerned, with getting a
bath and a clean shave.
In Heart of Battlefield.
"Fall in!" came the order, and In
a few minutes more, after a cursory
inspection and viseing of credentials,
together with a welcome from a tank
captain and his aide, the southerners
were packed Into a huge motor lorry
and whizzed away to the headquarters
of Camp Colt, laid out right in the
heart of this historic old battleground.
Their route took them directly through
the town where Buford's Union cav
alry grappled with Heth's division of
Hill's Confederate corps, and where
next day on that memorable July 1
Reynolds' two Federal corps, falling
back after the death of their magnetic
leader, fought through the streets of
the town in their retirement to Ceme
tery Ridge.
Soon we were all at the headquar
ters of Camp Colt and viewing grimly
the monument-dotted battlefield, with
its historic and strategic battle points.
This camp where the boys of the North
and the South in 1918 are preparing
to man the land battleships of our
Army in the great battle for civiliza
tion and the democracy conserved and
glorified" at Gettysburg in 1863 is
pitched directly in the center of the
old battle arena. Directly on the line
between Seminary and Cemetery
Ridges, over which swept Pickett's im
mortals in the famous charge, stand
the barracks housing the khaki
blended Blue and Gray. From the
headquarters of Camp Colt It is only
five minutes' walk to the sacred stone
"high-water mark."
What a contrast between 1S63 and
1918! Off there in the dim distance
the thin blue line of Seminary Ridge,
from which Lee s hosts debouched in
the titanic blow at the floodtide of the
struggle. Here, to the back, Ceme
tery Ridge, with its fishhook line run
ning from Culp's Hill to Big and Little
Round Tops that Marne of the long
ago, where the Unionists stood with
their backs to the wall until they
hurled back thoBe 14,000 Virginians
sent forward by Longstreeet, under
Pickett, at the behest of Lee. Not i
foot of soil tramped today by the le
gions of democracy but is hallowed by
the memory of that terrific struggle 55
years ago.
"Talk about casualties today, they
had some figures here in '63." I was
stirred from my reveries by the voice
of Captain .Dwight D. Eisenhower.
West Pointer but 28 years old, a clean-
cut, handsome man, to whom Uncle
Sam has intrusted the training and de
velopment of the thousands of young
Americans who have come from north.
east, south and west to be fitted for the
crack tank corps.
"Lee had about 70,000 men here in
63 and Meade approximately 82,000,'
he mused. ".More than 150,000 men en
THE SUNDAY OREGOMAX, PORTLAND, JUNE
"Tankers" From North, South, East
Here, on the Ground Where Pickett's "Flower of Virginia" Made Their
gaged. The South lost more than 23.
000, or about one-third of Lee's army.
The Union lost more than 20,000, or
very nearly one-quarter of the men en
gaged. Terrific losses!
"But see how it goes today?" he add
ed. "The English are said to have
something like 3.000.000 men in
France. Their losses have averaged
some weeks as high as 40,000 men. In
three days at Gettysburg the Union
ost a quarter and the South a third of
their armies. No such averages are
maintained today. A man has inflnite-
y more chances now than he had then.
notwithstanding all the powerful in
struments devised since Gettysburg,
and more particularly since the begin
ning of the world war."
The Deadly Parallel.
Here again the contrast. The bat
teries that hurled their grape and can-
sier irora seminary Ridge to Cemeterv
Ridge and vice versa as against the
70-mile guns with which the Germans
bombarded Paris! The cavalry of Stu
art and Buford that scouted out the po
sitions of the opposing forces as
against the winged cavalry of the air
WAR ELIMINATES SUPERFLUOUS FEATURES
AND RIDS WARDROBE OF BRIGHT COLORS
Sport Suits This Year Have Caught the Prevailing Note of Simplicity and Conservation Dominates Feminine
Dress Enormous Plaids Well Managed by Clever Tailors.
SPORT clothes, this year have caught
the prevailing note of simplicity
and conservation that dominates
all feminine dress. Superfluous fea
tures have been eliminated and colors
are less flamboyant than they used to
be for mountain and sea. Good lines
coupled with good materials are the
shibboleth of this branch of costume
just now, and it is better to have one
really distinguished sport outfit than
half a dozen pretty and colorful com
binations. The best choice, for the woman who
wants to make her dress allowance go
a long way, is a taiiorea sport suit oi
homespun or mixed cheviot. These
suits have straight, well-cut skirts, a
trifle shorter than the ordinary tail
ored suit skirt, since low-heeled, man
nish oxfords are usually worn with
the sport costume. All the interest In
such a suit is centered on the jacket,
whic his immensely good looking, of
dashing boyish cut. with belt and
patch pockets and sometimes smartly
grouped buttons. This Jacket may be
separated from its skirt and worn with
tub skirts of linen, galatea or other
tub materials and such a combination
is decidedly smart, when hat, shoes and
blouse are in keeping. For instance, a
gray-mixed cheviot belted Jacket, with
white and blue galatea skirt, whtte ox
fords and dark blue silk stockings,
white silk tub shirt and dark blue
straw sailor. Or, brown-toned home
spun jacket with tan and brown plaid
gingham skirt, tan silk stockings and
tan oxfords and sailor hat of brown
straw.-
Equipped with a good-looking wool
sport suit, one or two tub skirts and
plenty of blouses, a woman can take a
week s Journey in mid-Summer, carry
- - X.
and West Drawn Up for Inspection
that flit miles above the Marne and the
Ourcq in duels of the clouds! The car
bines with which Hood's sharpshooters
picked off Warren's men in the craggy
dells between the two Round Tops
against the automatic rifles of the cam
ouflaged sharpshooters today! One can
speculate at length in this modern tank
camp as to what Pickett might have
done in his epochal charge up Ceme
tery Ridge had his Virginians been led
by shamblins: big tanks, equipped with
Lewis machine guns and hand gre
nades. "Hope we find some battlefields like
this over there in Germany when we
get going toward Berlin," soliloquized
Captain Edenbower with a sweep of
the battlefield. "Nothing better."
Every West Pointer knows Gettys
burg from A to Z. Classes come every
year from the Hudson to study it, to
chart it and fight It all over again in
the light of modern warfare.
But enough of the memories. The
thing at hand was to see something
of the tank recruits in Camp Colt and
to hear something of their work.
Thousands of men have come up to
ing in her suitcase a light frock of
foulard or georgette for special wear.
A Splendid Sport Cape.
There are many types of cape for
Summer wear and the most practical
seems to be a sport model of soft,
lightweight wool plaid, the "long cir
cular cape attached to a sleeveless
jacket, or waistAat. This waistcoat
buttons down the front and comes to
the hip. It fits tho figure trimly and
has four big patch pockets, above and
below the waistline. The cape, which
falls quite to the knee, may be thrown
back to reveal the waistcoat, or fas
tened snugly together from throat to
knee; and there are slashes in the
cape for the arms to be thrust through.
These capes are extremely dashing and
"sporty," and they are also splendidly
practical for general outing wear and
for traveling by automobile or by boat.
A good many vacation folk are taking
the inside water trips this Summer,
through the Lakes and down the St.
Lawrence; or are going out West to
get a glimpse of the Rockies, and on
such a trip one of these sport capes
and a wool sport suit of the kind pre
viously described would be invaluable.
Batiste Sklrta With slipoa Sweaters.
Some of the Summer girls one sees
on the sand at Atlantic City and Long
Beach these early days of what prom
ises to be a warm Summer are wearing
pleated skirts of crisply laundered ba
tiste with sllpon sweaters of soft, yet
bright-colored worsted. The combina
tion is very fresh and charming on a
hot mid-Summer day. The pleated
skirt must have a tailored, sport sug
gestion and not a dainty, lingerie
frock suggestion; and this tailored ef
fect is given by a deep, machine
stitched hem and by crisply pressed
pleats also in part by the footwear;
- . - , . .. - .
30, 1918.
-.
Before the Pennsylvania Monument on
Magnificent Charge, the Scions of Democracy Prepare for "Over There.
Gettysburg since the camp was estab-
lished. until it is now laid out as a per.
manent cantonment with rows and
rows of barracks that are to remain
until the Crown Prince has whined for
mercy and the Kaiser has turned his
bloody sword over to General Black
jack Pershing.
"What kind of a man makes the best
tank man?" I asked Captain Eisen
hower. "Most Be Fighting; Type."
"First of all. a topnotch, clean-cut
fighting man, he answered. "Got to
be a crackerjack fighting type all the
way through, or we can't handle them.
Men who know nothing of fear. It
is a very good thing for them to have
the mechanical bent, to know some
thing of automobiles, or machinery:
but this is not entirely essential. The
type of man we select is the all-around
adaptable youth so versatile that he
readily takes to the ins and outs of
tanking."
Be it known far and wide that the
men who comprise the new American
tank corps are crack Americans in
usually white buckskin or canvas ox
fords with tennis soles. With the
white skirt and gay slipon sweater a
black straw sport hat gives the right
note of contrast. And. by the way, the
very smartest sport hats this season
are trimmed very little: the shape of
the hat and its fine quality of straw
standing for high distinction. The fa
vorite style at the moment is the high
crowned sailor with rather narrow
brim. These new sailors fit well down
over the head and are very becoming
to most women.
Sweaters Are Shorter.
Unless the knitted sweater is very
long. Indeed almost to the knee, in the
French mode it is extremely short
and jaunty; and this is well, for less
valuable wool is required for its mak
ing. There is almost invariably a band
of close purling at the waistline, so
that the garmentclings to the figure
gracefully; sometimes the purling runs
from waistline to hip. giving the slipon
a tapering, clinging line. This is be
coming only to slender, rather boyish
figures. Women are becoming expert
In the use of knitting needles and a
sweater can be turned off these days
in a week or so, where a month used
to be the average time required. But
nobody could spare a whole month
from knitting socks for the soldiers
now! About a week is all one can give
to knitting a sweater for personal
adornment. Perhaps this Is the reason
the new models are so abbreviated In
length and are made sans sleeves. One
of the most effective sweaters noted
at Long Beach recently was of gray
wool with a deep, pointed collar of
white brushed wool, the points reach
ing to the waistline In front. At the
waist was a four-lnrh purling of pale
yellow wool through which ran two
stripes of black. Below this knittcd-in
rfrIC '
4
1
Gettysburg Battlefield.
every way, from the standpoint of
physical perfection and mental apti
tude. Every big "cantonment in tho
country has been combed for the super
fine officers and men who make up the
various regiments now encamped on
the battlefield of Gettysburg. "Give
us the kind of men we want." said
the Washington officers put in charge
of this work. "Take your pick," re
plied Uncle Sam. pointing from the
Atlantic to the Pacific and from Can
ada to Mexico. The recruiting of
ficers who brought in the rookies
brought only those who measured up
to the strictest kind of specifications.
If you could hear any one of these
tank men tell of the psychology tests
through which they are put just as I
heard it from one of the men in the
quiet of his tent you would know that
the "tankers" are some boys. It
would be telling things to relate the
conversation in detail. But it would
do your eyes good to see one of these
companies come sweeping into camp
after a long hike to "limber up." Un
til recently Gettysburg was a mobiliza
tion point, where the boys were as-
belt the gray sweater was purled in
a wider rib to the hip.
That exclusive standby for Summer
riding habits, linen crash, is being re
placed by a hitherto humble cotton
weave that never before has dared to
aspire to saddle wear. As linen grows
more scarce and expensive, cotton sub
stitutes soar In price, so one is really
quite as exclusive wearing calico and
galatea this Summer as one was garbed
in Irish linen and silk foulard a cou
ple of years ago. The new galatea
riding suits are extremely good look
ing because a clever tailor can give
style and lines to any fabric. There
is a model, for example, with belted
riding coat of cream galatea over rid
ing breeches of cream and tan check:
and another model has a gray belted
coat over breeches of black and white
check. Of course, very correct riding
headgear, footgear and stock help to
give these cotton riding habits their
desirable quota of style. Among the
exclusive sport togs are polo suits of
brown linen, the sleeveless coat show
ing a riding shirt of lustrous cream
satin.
The Woman Behind the Author.
Almost all of us indulge in an occa
sional game of blind man's buff when
we try to find the author behind the
story. It's a fascinating game this
one of trying to match personalities and
faces with the stories people write, but
there's a great deal of risk in it. You
are apt to go wide of the mark. In the
June Issue of Good Housekeeping sev
eral well-known authors tell the stories
of their lives and how they won suc
cess In the literary field. Ruth Saw
yer, author of "The Pipes of Pan."
"The Man Who Feared Sleep," and
other stories, says in telling of her
life:
"There were three things in the be
ginning of my life for which I have
been extraordinarily thankful: the ear
ly inoculation of fairies by an Irish
nurse, the generous diet of Scotch oat
meal, and the blood inheritance from a
Lexington Minute-man. It is what you
might call a well-balanced ration to
grow on. Irish fairies for imagination
and humor, Scotch oatmeal for a good
constitution and plenty of common
sense, and a hold-the-road-at-any-prlce
faculty in your blood."
sembled and given only Infantry drill
and other fundamental military educa
tion. Thence they were sent abroad
to complete their training with allied
tanks on English soil. It is broaching
no secret to say that a number of our
tank regiments have gone abroad, now
that recent dispatches have told of the
operation of American tank units in
the fighting along the Marne.
But now the boys are getting first
hand training at the Pennsylvania
camp with bona fide tanks. The morn
ing I was in camp a rumble and a,
clank over the brow of a hill be
tokened the advance of some kind of
machinery. In a moment a tank
drew up in sight and caterpillared
along to Its station a new rookie in
camp greeted with loud cheers by the
boys who had been "playing tank
with a panier-mache creation set up
over a flivver.
To get back to that company column
that I saw swinging down the famous
old Emmitsburg road on this June
morning. Along they came in column
of fours, their leaders hitting up the
pace and counting "one, two. three,
four." the men striding free and easy.
Well set up. moving gracefully and in
unison, they looked like simon pure
veterans.
"Must of had those chaps a long,
long time," I queried of Lieutenant
Tenney.
"Less than three weeks out of Slo
cum." he answered.
They had Just come in from a hike
to the Devil's Den. the celebrated
chasm just west of Little Round Top,
that fell into the hands of the Con
federates on the second day's fighting
and from which they had poured a
deadly fire on the Union ranks. A
few minutes later another column
swung In from the direction of Rock
Run and Culps HIM. where the Blue
and- Gray struggled heroically during
the three days' fighting.
"Treat "em rough." the motto
adopted by the boys at Camp Meade
for the first American tank contin
gents sent out. Is the slogan of the
boys at Gettysburg and they are as
fine a fighting bunch as ever have
been brought together in the history
of the world. There are thousands of
them up here it is not possible to say
just how many or to go too much Into
detail of their work, but they art
marvelous legions of picked trained
men of superlative caliber and they
are going to give a great account of
themselves.
Lincoln's Meaaaae.
Here they are in the famous 'Valley'
or Death or Gettysburg. As I wan
dered among them, talking first with
an officer and then with an enlisted
man, all the while noting the eques
trian statues and the marble monu
ments with their inscriptions. I could
not help but recall the words of Abra
ham Lincoln, who in November. 1863,
after this battle, came up to this very
same Gettysburg to dedicate the Na
tional cemetery where lie the Blue and
the Gray. And as I thought of the
southern boys who had come in on the
same train that I had and of what
North and South are fighting for in
this hour of the world, it seemed that
each silent monument and each living;
American in this Camp Colt, of tank
fame, was repeating over and over
those words of Lincoln:
"We cannot dedicate, we cannot con
secrate, we cannot hallow this ground.
The brave men. living and dead, who
struggled here have consecrated it far
above our poor power to add or detract.
The world will little note nor long re
member what we say here, but it can
never forget what they did here. It is
for us, the living, rather to be dedi
cated here to the unfinished work
which they who fought here have thus
far so nobly advanced. It is rather for
us to be here dedicated to the great
task remaining before us. that f from
these honored dead we take increased
devotion to that cause for which they
gave the last full measure of devotion,
that we here highly resolve that these
dead shall not have died in vain, that
this Nation, under God, shall have a
new birth of freedom and that govern
ment of the people, by the people, for
the people shall not perish from the
eart h."
Little Sister's Skin
HeoIedbyCuticura
Could Not Rest in Any Position.
Disfigured, Cross and FretfuL
Cost Soap and Ointment 75c
"My little sister broke out all over her
body and even on her head in little whit
blistery-looking places. The skin was
very much inflamed and red, so much so
that she looked as if she had the measles.
It itched so that she would rob her head
from side to side on the pillow, but this
caused the affected parts to become irri
tated. She could Dot rest in any position,
and she was very cross and fretful. Har
face was very much disfigured.
"She was bad for two or three months.
Tbeca we got Cuticura Soap and Oint
ment, and before one cake of Cuticura
Soap and one bos of Cuticura Ointment
were used she was healed." (Signed)
Miss Myrtle SWpp, Glendevey, Colo.
Yon may rely on Cuticura to care for
your skin, scalp, hair and hands.
SU Eaeh Free by Mail. Address pest
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and cither rood drus and des(. stores
Mii
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