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THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, JUNE 9, 1018.
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Emily Harris Dodd, American Volunteer Nurse in France, in the
Garb She Wears as a Caretaker of Wounded Poilus
and Americans.
BT EUILT HARRIS DODD.
American Volunteer, Servinr at th Front
With the Ambulance Mobile of the Sixth
French Army, and Special Correspondent
tor ThU Newspaper.
THE life of a music at the front is
not composed! entirely of dangers
and hardships. Often there are!
happy Interludes, moments, and some
times even days, when the cruel busi
ness of war comes to a seeming pause.
Before telling of my narrowest
escape In the Soissons bombardment, I
want to describe one of these tranquil
Interludes, In which I attended a
theatre performance near the trenches.
The 308th regiment was spending a
week "en repos," encamped In a woods
between Soissons and the lines. It was
a regiment as rich in talent as In cour
age, and was famous for Its concerts
end performances.
They were planning a big affair for
She afternoon of July 12, and some of
the officers, hearing that two Amer
ican girls were In the hospital at Sois
eons. invited JLetltia and I to attend
the performance. We had been work
ing rather hard and Mile. St. Paul ad
vised us to go.
They came for us after luncheon, in
big gray military car, and took us
for several kilometers along a shell
torn road, to the beautiful green woods
where the regiment was encamped.
The poilus had chosen a grassy space
among the trees, well shaded by the
foliage from the spying Boche planes,
and had erected an Impromptu atacre.
with a curtain and scenery which they
tnemseives had painted.
The audience, consisting of the en
tire regiment, in their steel helmet
and uniforms, to which still clung the
mud of the trenches, was seated on the
grass In close, serried rows. Some of
the men had clambered Into the trees,
ana Danaiea jokes about their "re
served seats In the boxes."
A clever programme with comic illus
trations had been designed by artists
in the regiment and rudely printed on
a mimeograph. I have kept a copy as
one of my most nrecioup souvenirs. The
regimental band furnished music, and
there was al3o an orchestra of stringed
instruments.
The Lighter Side.
After a stirring overture, the curtain
rose on a series of vaudeville acts and
sketches, many of which had been
written for the occasion, and which
burlesqued with gay light-heartedness
the hardships and adventures of the
trenches. Among the performers were
men who had been famous in Parisian
theatrical circles before the war, sing
ers of world-wide fame, clowns whose
antics had been familiar to the pleasure-lovers
of the boulevards in the old
days.
There was Polian, of the "Vaude
ville." whose motley costume had been
replaced long since by the uniform of
riorfowssib Escop sis
I
a soldier in the ranks and whose cap
and bells bad been exchanged for the
steel helmet and gas mask.
Ths tinsel and glitter of the "Vauda
ville" seemed far away, and on his
breast gleamed the "Croix de Guerre."
but after three years of horror he still
found strength in that great heart of
TULIP CULTURE FACTS TOLD
BY ONE HAVING EXPERIENCE
Life History of Plant Mast Be Understood to Insure Successful Flowering.
PORTLAND, June 8. (To the Edi-
tor.) In The Oregonlan of May I
19 there were presented in your I
columns certain opinions and recom-1
mendations concerning the culture of
tulips. The writer has been for some
time interested in growing tulips In
this climate, and if you are willing to
give me some space I will give you the
result of my experiences and also rec
ommendations of persons who are ex
perts in this business.
In the first place, to understand
properly the management of tulip cul
ture, certain facts concerning the life
history of the plant must be under
stood. The tulip Is unlike the narcis
sus and hyacinth in that the bulb or
root that produced the plant and flower
of this season is not the same bulb or
root that produced the flower last sea
son. As most of your readers are
aware, the narcissus bulb produces
leaves and flowers year after year, and
the same is true of the hyacinth: in
fact, the roots of the narcissus never
die once the plant is put in the ground.
That Is to say. they do not wither out
during the period of dormancy. The
tulip bulb or root that produced the
foliage this year expends all its energy
In so doing, and in addition to produc
ing the foliage it also produces for
next season one or mere new bulbs,
which remain In a state of dormancy
until Fall, when they begin to produce
roots of their own. All the old foliage,
bulb and roots wither away and per
ish. .
The number of new bulbs and size
vary with the variety of the tulip. As
a general thing at least one bulb is
produced that is large enough to flower
the following Spring. In some cases
more than one bulb will flower. The
little bulbs that are produced will not
generally flower for two or three sea
sons, or until they have time to develop
their offsprings each year to a size
that will permit of flowering develop
ment It is for this reason that the
prices of varieties vary. Some tulips
will not produce more than about the
Emily Harris Dodd,
Now at the Front,
Writes About the
Lights and Shadows
of the Nurse's Life
and Describes a
Typical Moment
Peril in Her Hospital
Career Behind
the Lines
uty--" ----- xoKs . . t iSK:-'
A Characteristic Group at a Hospital Headquarters Near the Soissons Sector. Emily
Harris Dodd Is Seen at the Left. In thfe Group Are Fellow Nurses,
Surgeons and a Number of British and French Officers.
his to revive the pranks and- quips of
other days for the amusement of bis
comrades-in-arms.
Then there was Marvin!, the. great
Marvin i of the "Opera," who sang for
us that day, I believe, as he had never
sung for any audience in Paris.
To Letty and I the' audience was
as wonderful as the performance. Im
agine more than a thousand soldiers,
crowded together on the grass, their
horizon-blue belmets and uniforms
blending into the green of the foliage,
the smoke from their cigarettes rising
lazily through the sunshine to mingle
with the haze in the leafy branches
overhead.
Occasionally an airplane droned In
same number of bulbs for next season
that were produced for this season.
This makes them more costly,
In the culture of tulips It is abso-
lutely imperative that the foliage be
left undisturbed until it withers and
dies down. It is during the period
after the flower has been produced and
before the foliage dies down for sev
eral weeks that the new bulbs are be
ing developed for the next plant, and
to 'disturb the foliage means that the
food elaborating system of the plant
has been ruined and the new bulb will
not be strong and plump. There Is no
objection to cutting the first leaf when
the flower is cut, but it la advisable to
leave the next two leaves on the stem.
There are a number of objections to
leaving tulips In the ground during the
Summer. The principal one In this cli
mate is that after the tulip stem with
ers away a small hole Is left in the
ground immediately above the bulb,
and down in this hole the slugs and
snails will crawl, and they are particu
larly partial to tulip meat. A few slugs
will eat the crown out of a tulip bulb
in a couple Of days.
Another objection to leaving tulips
in the ground is that when the new
bulbs start to grow they have to begin
to send out their roots through a mass
of old tulip bulb skins and roots, and
this to a certain extent impairs their
progress. After the new. roots have
worked down they are still in a part of
the soil that has already been depleted
by the roots of last year's bulb. This
has a tendency to reduce the' character
of the flower that is ultimately pro
duced. However, it is quite apparent
that fresh fertilized soil would be a
better growing place for the bulb.
In addition to the above objections
there is a third, and that is that many
of the little bulbs begin to send up
their shoots, and it is impossible to
maintain a pleasing standard of flower
bearing stock surrounded by a lot of
little flowerless shoots coming from
bulbs that are being developed.
Tulip bulbs have a tendency to be
developed at the base of the old bulb.
of j
the sky, but we were well screened,
and that day. at least, the boches left
us undisturbed.
After the performance, by the dis
creet light of shaded candles and
lanterns, there was a dinner party,
and we were invited to the "popote" or
officers' mess.
I was seated beside a young Lieuten
ant, and presently it struck his fancy
to ask if I would become his "mar
rain e." which Is French for godmother.
"It is not that I expect gifts," he
said, "but I would like to have some
one who will write to me when I go
back out yonder."
He later sent me many letters, and
once a faded flower, a "fleur des tran-
and this naturally has the result of the
new bulb being developed farther and
farther below the surface of the soil.
In consequence, after two or three,
years have elapsed the bulbs that are
on the outskirts of the group are so
far below the top they cannot reach
the surface with their leaves and thus
die. It Is the experience of the best
growers that It Is better to lift the
tulip each year after the foliage has
died down. The earth should be shaken
from the roots and If any foliage Is left
it should be cut off. The bulb should
be placed In a cool, dry place, where It
will soon .cure. It is generally quite
easy to determine which of the new
bulbs will flower with the succeeding
year, as they will be considerably
larger. The little bulbs may be brought
up In a nursery. The soil should not
be more than an inch deep above their
tops. If properly nourished after they
begin to send up their own shoots
many of the little fellows will bloom
the next year. Of course, at the end of
the season they will produce their own
crop of bulbs, but as a general thing
little bulbs only produce one bulb at
the end of the season, which should be
somewhat larger than the old one. This
process will continue for three or four
years, until the new bulb has reached
a full-grown size, when it will have a
tendency to develop at least one big
bulb and possibly some smaller ones.
It is not generally possible to con
tinue the development of a single line
of tulips Indefinitely, as the stock
sometimes has a tendency to revert
and become worthless. Such tulips
might just aj well be taken out of the
ground as soon as they have flowered,
as the future bulbs will be of little
value.
By properly handling seed tulips
which have been bought In pots from
greenhouses, it is perfectly easy to save
the bulb. All that is necessary is to see
that the tulips are well watered when
they are put in the house, and after
the blooming period is over they should
be carefully removed from the pot and
heeled in some shady place In the
ground In good soil and well watered.
The writer has taken a pot of one
dozen of a first-class variety bought at
a flower shop, and after the blooming
period in the house has heeled them In
good soil, and as a result has secured
from 60 to CO good bulbs for the next
season, at least a third of which began
to bloom the first year.
In this climate the newly developed
bulbs frequently lose their brown skin.
This is almost entirely due to the heavy
! ill iVr ' 7 ""TTmA VrrnnTTTimjfl'l I IPl I linAV
chees." which he had found wilting on
the edge of a crater. Then the letters
ceased to come.
While I was still talking with him
tnat night toward the close of the din
ner, the great Marvlnl quietly pushed
back his chair from the table and be
gan to sing. From somewhere a little
pollu had appeared with a violin, and
presently another came with a flute.
It was an old ISth century love song
that Alarvlnl sang, to the muted obll
gato of the two Instruments. Ever and
anon came the poignant refrain. "Cha
grin d'amour dure toute la vie."
"Love's pleasure flies with dawn:
Love's sorrow lasts for aye."
And as those men listened there.
soil. The Holland bulbs are grown In
light soil.' and this does not seem to
impair the skin. The writer has never
been able to find that an injury to the
skin affects the flowering in any way.
It should be borne in mind that in
planting tulips they should be put
deeper In light soil than In the heavy
soil, although it may be said that tu
lips are very accommodating and will
grow under adverse conditions.
The United States Department of Ag
riculture maintains a magnificent bulb
farm near Belllngham, Wash., and it
seems to be an established fact that the
Northwestern-grown bulbs are several
days earlier than the Holland-grown
bulbs in this climate, and they are less
susceptible to disease. Tulips can be
grown from seed, although it is not
certain what the result will be in the
way of flowering, as they may come
true and they may not.
Summing up this Information, the
writer Is of the belief that tulips should
be lifted every year on account of slugs
and insects. In this climate It Is sat
isfactory to put tulips in the ground
by December 1 at the latest. People
who are really Interested In this matter
can get excellent literature and de
scriptions of the bulb farm at Belllng
ham. Wash., from the Department of
Agriculture. Bureau of Plant Industry,
Washington. D. C. They will also give
a lot of Information concerning the
narcissus and hyacinth.
There is one more point of Interest
about the tulip, and that Is that the
tulip root is not a real bulb as com
pared with the narcissus or an onion.
In other words, the tulip does not scale
off. but is more in the nature of a solid
mass of organic matter, although from
a practical standpoint it produces the
same results as a type of concentric
bulb such as the onion.
XEWIS A. Mc ARTHUR.
Don't Waste Your Tarn.
One woman makes this suggestion
In the June Woman's Home Companion:
"It sometimes becomes necessary to
ravel the work of an amateur knitter,
and in these daya of scarcity and high
price of yarn no one wishes to waste
it. It is marked and mussed up by
the previous knitting, however, and
new work made from this yarn Is not
very satisfactory. Try this: Wind
yarn in skeins, place In steamer for
five or ten minutes, then let dry thor
oughly before rewinding. The yarn
will be found as soft and fluffy as
new."
grouped around the table in the dim
candle light, each found an echo In his
heart, for each had left behind some
dearly beloved one to whom, per
chance, he might never return.
Out there beyond the hills the firing
had ' increased in intensity, with the
falling of the night. An officer touched
me gently on the arm.
"I think, madamoiselle. that we had
best be seeing you back to Soissons. It
seems safe enough here for the mo
ment, but one never knows."
Now let me tell you of the terrible air
raid that came so near costing me my
lire. it happened -at I o clock one
bright afternoon In July. Literally
ana iigurauveiy, the attack came out
or a clear sky.
Two or three boche planes had been
over earlier In the morning, but they
seldom dropped bombs in the daytime.
We had been advised, however, to re
main Indoors on account of shrapnel.
I was standing at an open window
in a corridor of one of the hospital
wings overlooking the courtyard.
There was no warning, for airplane
bombs do not shriek through the air.
Suddenly there was a swishing sound,
followed almost Instantly by a terrific
Youngr Girl's Party Bag Is
Unique in Design.
Little Bliss Proad ef netlevle Car
ried With Party Frock.
THE daintiest reticule In the world
for a little miss to carry with her
party frock of filmy net or ruffled or
gandy. It swings from the arm on a
ribbon loop and Is supposed to hold
one's mouchoir and- powder puff for
even very young ladles. Indeed, these
days take the shine off their little
loaag Oirls i'arty Aiag.
noses with talcum and a wee bit of
lambswool. It is quite permissible
even In public.
The little party reticule pictured is,
you see. pansy shaped: the pansy petals
made of gathered ribbon, palest in
color, la the center are three Unj
roar and crash as if the whole bulld-
ng had been blown from Its founda
tion.
My ITarrawest Escape.
I was hurled back from the window.
deafened, sickened by the shock and
covered with flying dirt and debris, too
dased for an instant to realize what
had happened.
Then I saw Sabine Estoret. who had
been standing in the corridor beside
ma. Her hands were over her face,
and the blood was streaming through
her fingers. Because of her hands. I
could not tell how badly she was hurt.
But she managed to get to her feet and
we both rushed down the corridor. We
passed Mile. St. Paul, who had been
thrown to the ground, but was unhurt.
Then, in the confusion. I lost sight
of Sabine. Imagine my relief, on
reaching the first ward, to find that
none of the men bad been injured and
that the walls were still standing.
They dropped two or three more
bombs, but none struck the hospital.
and in less than a minute it was all
over.
How had we escaped? It was due to
a miracle performed by the cure's old
sewing machine. It had been left
standing in the courtyard, and the
bomb before striking the earth and
exploding had crashed into the sewing
machine, whose steel framework had
been just sufficient to divert the angle
of explosion so that the fan-shaped
rays of white-hot metal were mostly
deflected away from the walls and to
ward the open end of the rectangle.
Sabine was the only victim. Her
pretty little face had been gashed and
scarred for life, but with splendid cour
age she refused to be evacuated,
though many a soldier has gone back
to Parts for less, and in a few days she
was on her feet again, with face ban
daged, engaged in her usual duties.
Imagine our happiness when a short
time later Sabine received the "Croix
de Guerre" for her bravery and devo
tion. The heavy walls, and the fact that
we had been hurled back from the win
dows, saved Sabine and me from the
air-shock we should have suffered had
we been In the open.
As it was. I was stone deaf for six
hours, in addition to being terribly
shaken up, but the effects gradually
were off, and In a day or two I was
none the worse for the experience.
I don't think I quite realized the
fate we had so narrowly missed until
I saw a poor victim of one of the air
raids brought Into the hospital. He
had been caught among the ruins of a
falling house a short distance-down the
street, and In addition to his burns and
wounds he had been horribly crushed
In the wreckage. If you have ever
seen a man run over and mangled by
a railroad train, you can imagine his
condition. He died within a few hours.
Bombing the Hospitals.
I have been asked If the Germane
made a deliberate practice of bombing
hospitals. It Is a hard question to an
swer from my personal experience, for
when a hospital Is located as close to
the front as we were It Is bound to
suffer from the general shelling and
bombing. But while I could not prove
that they ever picked us out as a spe
cific target, I know of other hospitals
which were deliberately attacked. I
remember how grieved Mile. St. Paul
was when a friend of hers a French
nurre was killed In the hospital at
Vaudelincourt. On that day they not
only bombed the hospital, despite the
big Red Cross on its roof, but flew
low Immediately above It and poured
volley after volley of machine gun bul
lets Into the nurses, doctors and
wounded, even killing German pris
oners who were being treated in the
hospital at the time.
As for our hospital at Soissons, I do
not think the German' fliers deliberate
ly picked It as an object of attack, but
on the other hand they made no effort
to respect it.
We felt that they were like blind
snakes, striking indiscriminately at
whatever they might maim or kilL
In the early part of the war there
was a sort of chivalry of the air, and
German aviators were credited with
fighting like good sportsmen. There
were Instances when our own aviators
flew at a great risk over the enemy
lines to drop a wreath of immortelles
with a message telling of the gallant
fight some Individual German pilot had
waged before, he was brought to
earth on French soil. But ss the in
stances multiplied of the bombing of
hospitals and civilian cities, with the
attendant murder of wounded men.
nurses, women and children, we began
to feel toward the aviators as we did
toward all German enemies.
To us they were all equally detest
able and cruel.
roses made of white, pale pink and
deeper pink ribbon of narrow width,
and a little ellver leaf Is tucked In by
way of a natural effect. Both sides of
the bag are alike and the inside is
smoothly lined with pale pink silk.
Bread Without Wheat.
This recipe from the June Woman's
Home Companion is recommended for a
wheatless day:
"Wheatless Quick Bread One cup
oat flour, one cup barley flour, one
half cup corn flour, one teaspoon cream
of tartar, one teaspoon soda, one and
one-half teaspoons salt, one-third cup
molasses, one and one-eighth cups sour
milk, two tablespoons melted shorten
ing. "Mix and sift dry Ingredients. Add
molasses, sour milk and shortening.
Mix thoroughly and bake In greased
bread pan."
To Keep Lettuce Crisp.
When you have no Ice. wash your
lettuce and place In a colander, and
cover closely with a piece of cheese
cloth wrung out of cold water. Put In
a cool place, in a draught If possible,
and your lettuce will keep crisp for
three or four days. L G. C.
FRECKLES
Deat Hide Them With a Vrlli Remove
Them With the Othlae Doable
Strength.
This preparation for the removal of
freckles Is usually so successful In re
moving freckles and giving a clear,
beautiful complexion that it is sold by
any druggist under guarantee to re
fund the money If It fails.
Don't hide your freckles under a veil;
get an ounce of othlne and remove
them. Even the first few applications
should show a wonderful improvement,
some of the lighter freckles vanishing
entirely.
Be sure to ask the druggist for the
double-strength othlne; It Is this that is
sold on the money-back guarantee.
Adv. , ,