TTTE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, APItHj 21, 1918.
ALASKAN RAILROAD
HELD BACK BY WAR
Completion of Government
Line Into Far North Will Re- -
quire Several Years,
COAST WORK NEARLY DONE
Construction Inland Is Beset ' With
Difficulties and Working Force
Hare Been Seriously Re
el ace J by Conflict.'
WASHINGTON; April . Construe
tlon of the Alukti Railway Is bclns;
omivhit delayed by ths war, and com
pletlon mar bm deferred aomawbat
beyond ths 1)1 or 120 data originally
projected for It.
While mora tbaa 990 men wars era
lo7d In the field during- 117. a force
of perhaps IOOB la probably all that can
be maintained throuab the Summer of
111. and. thouca the t4O.S00.00s under
taking staada at a stase S per cant to
ward - completion, the remainder may
take somewhat longer to construct than
baa the two-thirds so far built.
A linking- up of rapa In the coastal
section and the pushing of main rail
nads soma 40 or 60 additional miles
toward the Interior la the limit of con
struction which the commissioners feel
certain that tbe shortare of men. ma
terlala and shipping" will allow them
to attain.
"Tiil will be Alaska's share of the
inevitable sacrifice war entails," said
William C. Ed ft. chairman of the Alas
kan tnatneerlns; Commission, discuss
ing: estimates and uncertainties con
nected -with the enterprise, "altHoorh
soma of the delay would bare Inter
Yened even tinder normal conditions.
Coast Werk Nearly Ftatahed. -
"During the last two seasons we bars.
practically completed the coastal sec
tions of the line, alone which we were
enabled by transport conditions, to
work simultaneously at a number of
pen ts. In the future we shall be con-I
struct inr stralfrht up Into the Interior.
extending the Una at most from only
two points.
Assuming that the usual Conirrea
alonal appropriations become available.
the commission, which etlll has some
doubts about Its ability to secure even
half the labor force It had a year ago.
will center Its effort during the coming
tiummer upon the completion of the
main line from Seward to Anchorage
both of which are Pacific Ocmn porta
on the Alskan southern seaboard, be
tween which a rail gap of 17 miles
now exists.
Main railheads In addition will be
pushed some 40 or 60 miles toward the
Interior terminal, which Is Fairbanks,
opening the line approximately from
Mile Si to Mile distance estimated
from the ocean terminus at Reward
northward. In Alaska, except In c-r
tain places and on certain types of
work, the commission has found that
construction Is only practical during
the Summer after May la.
The Alaakan Railroad, stretching op
Ms mltea In trunk and branches to
ward the Arctic Circle, la literally
farthest north la railroad building en
terprise, and as It stsnds todsy has !i
miles of rails laid, baa grades and cuts
completed far ahead of rails, and loca
tion engineering entirely completed. It
does not quite touch the polar zone, for
Its northern limit at Fairbanks Is lit
odd miles south of ths great circle,
but Its tracks cut across an area where
the sun shines for 13 hours a day in
June ard Chairman Edes admits that
the daylight saving prescribed in lbs
United States will appear trivial from
aa Alaskan viewpoint.
imrirwlt Problesaa Solves).
Engineering and transport problems
of no mean magnitude have been solved
and are being solved In the construc
tion of the line, for Its locatera and
even its grade crewa must hold them
selves abreast and ahead of the pioneer
settler. Ith work proceeding from
both ends of ths line ths transport line
Is being built up to supply the Interior
terminus stretching from ths United
States throurh the Pacific and Arctic
oceans to the port of St, Michaels at
the mouth of the Tukon River. Steel.
powder, food and equipment must go
thousands of miles by sea. ba trans
shipped to river boats, forced upward
against ths currents of ths Tukon and
Tanana rivers, and then overland by a
last painful stage of pack and wagon
train to Fairbanks
Until last November tbs commission
nad a steamer, an Army transport bor
rowed for the work, but then the Army
took It hastily back for the more tm
porrant duty of carrying soldiers. The
commission will now depend upon com
mercial transport facilities, already
greatly restricted, to deliver 5000 tons
f freight this year over ths circuit,
whose magnitude can be comprehended
from any metx Supplying the southern
termlnua will present lees difficulties,
for the sturdy ocean tugs can still put
out from t'uget pound and go safely
up the "Inside passage." sheltered by
Inlands from the faciflc winds, and
bring ths clumsy, heavy laden barges
Into Reward and Anchorage.
Building the line Itself, across tun
a wilderness, smiling valleys and
sharp-edged passes alike of the Arctic
coastal range, ths commission has- met
rondttiona and problems strange to the
railroader. For a part of lis distance
It skirts a living glacier, and a glacier,
as Mr. Kdsa remarks. Is "a ticklish
thing."
Claeiera Always Dsstmsa
"Ton never know quite what ft Is
going to do." ha says, "and from It
always look for trouble. We don't
actually run over the ice, but wa have
to skirt the gravel of the terminal
moraines. And In ths Summer the tee
recedes, loosing a veritable flood of
water, while in ths Winter It pushes
slowly forward again. Just now we
run the line upon a trestle, high above
the gravels, but ths glacier, working
away, baa always the capacity to
change the entire topography of the
country, ft I II. the difficulty Is not un
aurmountsble." As wss dvne at Panama, ths commis
sion bss proceeded to Its task without
any Intervening contractor. Ths actual
labor has been performed by "station-
men." a hardbitten set of old hands.
who have coma through ths era of
railroad constructing in ths West.
Each of them, or perhaps a pair or a
trroup. agrees to construct 100 linear
fret of the grade, whether It involves
cutting down through a hill, building
tip from a swamp, or blowing out tbe
hard rock, at a pries bse-ed on quantity
and type of material moved. Then they
ri their own psre and their own hours
and bterallv work wonders. The com-t-jeir
commissary, tools and equipment.
"Our figures indicate that the av
erage scale of wages ws paid during
1 1 7 would work out around I1&00 a
year." Chairman Edes said, "but It
actually doesn't run a year for mors
than a part of the men. because of the
seasonal character of the work."
Aa a side Issue to railroading ths
commission operste. on a small scale,
coal mines at Ma tan us as, on a branch
Itns It miles from ths rrunk. snd Is
doing some port dredging at Anchor
age, and building docks and coal bunk
era at Anchorage and fee ward. It is
aloa operating sections of ths line. In a
sketchy sort of a fashion, incident to
ths construction, with a passenger rate
of ( cents a mile.
SZ3.S70.Ooe great te Date.
To data S23. 70,000 has been spent
upon ths enterprise, out of a 135.000.
000 estimats for the total cost, which
estimate Secretary Lane 'has raised to
t40.000.0O0, because of higher costs of
labor and materials. Lieutenant-Colonel
Frederick Mears, borrowed from the
Army for I'anama railroad purposes,
was a member of the commission, but
haa recently been returned to, the Army
for railroad building in France, and his
regiment has "Included an appreciable'
number of the men of ths Alaska com
mission's staff. Thomas Riggs, the third
member, has been named by the Presi
dent to be Governor of Alaska.
One stretch of the main line, amount
ing to 70 miles, was purchaaed for a
little over $1,000,000. while mors i
cently - the commission acquired for
1300.000 a 45-mile stretch' of narrow
gauge road, running out of Fairbanks
to Chatlnaka. All of ths rest baa been
or will be built.
Aa to whether the read will pay, the
commission ventures no prediction, and
considers present traffic no guide to
possibilities.
"Since the United States took close
to 1 1.000.000.000 from Alaska, ths Gov
ernment baa adopted the policy of mak
ing this return," Chairman Edea re
marked, "and probably does not worry
about ths results. All our construction
amounts to pioneering. Both- ths mln
erral and agricultural possibilities of
ths srea opened are quantities virtual
ly unknown, and the railroad Itself
must be the final factor required to
prove or disprove their value."
SEVEN PROVE LOYALTY
SPHAGNUM ABUNDANT OJff NORTH
BEACH PENINSULA.
SPOKAim PEOPLE REPORTED Al
"SLACKERS BUT BONDS.
Mrs ( Large ftrmnm Said tm Be Aaaeag
Theavs Called Before United State
Officers far laveatlcattoa.
SPOKANE. Wth April St. (Sps-
clal.) Following their appearance be
fore United States Marshall James Mc
Uovern. after they had been reported
aa liberty bond slackers. L. B. Whitten
snd A. A. Barnett made aubstantlal pur
chases of the third Issus todsy. Mr.
Whitten subscribed for 11100 worth
and Mr. Barnett to ' 1500. Valentine
Reynolds subscribed S50 for a bond. The
grand jury took no action In the casta
federal officers expressed the opinion
there was no legal method by which
the men could be prosecuted. Those
questioned were Mr. Whitten, Mr. Bar
nett. Maurice Llndbolm. John BrawL
Stewart Lrelbelbls. Herman Links and
Valentine Reynolds. After a committee
of cttlzena Interested In- soliciting for
liberty bonds hsd appeared before
United States District Attorney Gar
recht yesterdsy. Deputy Marshals were
sent in quest of ths seven persons al
leged to have refused to purchase
bonds, although aald to bs amply able
to do ao. Some are men of large bold
inga. Ths cases were then brought
betore the federal grand Jury.
Thoss In tbe list submitted by ths
commutes were L. B. Whitten. H. A.
Barnett. Maurice 8. Llndholm. John
PrawL Stewart Drlebelbla. Herman
Llmks and Valentine Reynolds.
ALBANY PASSES PRIMARY
No Party Nominations Will Be Made
s No Candidates Filed.
ALBANT. Or.. April 10. (Special.)
Albany will have no city primary elec
tion this year. The time has passed
within which to file petitions and no
candidates filed. This means that no
party nominations will be made and
that all candidates will be nominated
by petition and appear on the ballot as
Independents at ths general election.
Thla la the planwhcihETAONU N IN
Thia la the plan which has been fol
lowed here the past few elections. It
was discovered that thep rimary in the
city elections was an unnecessary ex
pense ao by common consent no candi
dates have filed petitions, which obvi
ates the expense of printing ballots or
having election boards. The only ef
fect hash een that party nominations
were m possible.
HOOD RIVER BOY ABROAD
Fordbam B. Kimball Reports Safe
Arrival In France.V
HOOD RIVER. Or April 20. (Spe
cial.) Waiter Kimball, chairman of
ths waya and means committee of the
Hood River chapter of the Red Cross.
hss received word from bis son. Ford
ham B. KlmbalL who announcea his
safe arrival in France Mr. Kimball
enlisted with a regiment of heavy ar
tillery last Summer. He trained at San
Antonio. Tex.
Mr. Kimball, who baa been assigned
to special service abroad, la well known
In Portland social circles, his engage
ment to Miss Alice Oilman, of that city.
having been announced recently.
Qaaatlty aad Qaallty ef Moss Grown
' Hear Uwaee Declared Best In
V. S. by Experts.
1LWACO. Waaru April 0. (Special.)
Professor J. W. Hotson. superintend
ent of moss dressings for the North
west division of the Red Cross, has
received a wire from Washington, D.
C, asked for 500,000 sphagnum packets
by July 1. Professor Hotson, who holds
the chair of mycology at the University
of Washington, haa relayed the appeal
to Ilwaco and has asked for active co
operation from the people of "this re
gion In the endeavor to meet the de
mand. Harry James Smith, formerly
director of sphagnum dressings for the
United States, visited the North Beach
Peninsula a week before bis fatal auto
mobile accident in March, and after In
vestigating- throughly, reported that the
moss growing here was the Dest ne naa
seen for surgical dressings and that
It could be secured In larger quantities
here than In any other locality in
North America, with the possible ex
ception of Alaska.
There are 123 species or sphagnum
moas, but only four of these are useful
In surgical work. The three most val
uable species grow In abundance here,
the Imbricatum. considered the best,
predominating In tha Ilwaco district.
Dr. John A. Hart well, or ueuevue Hos
pital. New Tors, haa proclaimed sphag
num an nnequaled substitute for cotton
dressings. '
Each sphagnum packet weighs ons
pound when completed, or one-fourth
of ths weight In its moist, shipping
state. In order to secure the buo.uov
packets It will be necessary to ship 1000
tons to beattle.
ELECTION HELP IS SOUGHT
Persons Who Will Act as Clerks and
Judges Are In Demand.
There Is an Immediate need for more
election Judges and clerks In practical
ly every precinct of the city. People
who ars willing to serve in this ca
pacity at the coming primary and gen
eral elections are urged to notify
County Clerk Beverldce by' letter, tele
phone or in person as early as possi
ble thla week.
Mr. Beveridge said yesterday that
several hundred persons will be unable
to serve as election officials. Some of
those who were appointed have left the
city, while others, and many of them,
have sent In letters stating It will be
Impossible for them to serve.
Those who desire to serve ot the
election boards -jhould file their appli
cations at ones and they will receive
regular appointments good for two
years.
MRS. M00NEYG0ES SOUTH
Presence in San Francisco Court To
morrow Morning Is Required.
Dus to an eleventh-hour change In
a San Franclsoo court schedule, Mrs.
Rena Mooney will not appear at tha
Municipal Auditorium thia afternoon.
W. D. Patterson, of San Francisco,
representing the defense, will recount
ths history of the Mooney case. Dr.
C. H. Chapman, of Portland, and Ed
ward Launer, of Oregon City, will also
address the meeting. Mr. Otto Hart
wig, president of the Oregon State fed
eration of Labor, will act as chairman.
Mrs. Mooney was to have been placed
apon trial May 11. A change In the
plans of the prosecution requires her
appearance In court tomorrow morn
ing. The meeting at the Auditorium today
will be under tha direction of the Cen
tral Labor Council of Portland.
Albany Guard Auxiliary Formed.
ALBANY". Or, April 10. (Special.)
Preliminary organisation of a women's
auxiliary to the local Home Guard com
pany waa effected at a meeting held
at the Albany Commercial Club last
evening. The auxiliary will develop
various plana to assist the Home Guard
In Ita work and particularly will form
motor corps to drive sutomobiles to
carry the members of the company In
nearby trips in the event of a call. Mrs.
Perry A. i oung was chosen chairman
and a committee on permanent organ-
xatlon consisting of Mrs. Wiilard L.
Marks. Mrs. Charles H. Cusirk, Miss
Kate Stewart. Mrs. J. H. Simpson and
Mra George E. Sanders wss named.
AUTO SCHOOL HELD MYTH
Spokane Man Charged With Using
V. S. Mails to Defraud.
SPOKANE. Wash.. April 20. (Spe
cial.) George J. Vorderfer, proprietor
of the Jordan Automobile School, was
Indicted by the Federal grand Jury on
a charge of using the mail to defraud.
According to the Indictment Vorderfer
offered a complete course in automo
bile Instruction for 160 and guaranteed
to prepare his students for positions
paying from 3100 to 3150 a month. His
only equipment, it is charged, was
desk in the granite block and a shop at
317 West Second avenue, containing
two worn-out automobiles.
The evidence submitted showed Vor
derfer bad received 31000 in the two
months prior to his arrest.
Lebanon Cannery Incorporated.
ALBA NT, Or., April 10. (Special.)
Following a recentre organization of
the company which has been conduct
ing a fruit and vegetable cannery at
Lebanon, in which considerable outside
capital was Interested, article of Incor
poration were filed In the County
Clerk'e office here yesterday for the
Lebanon Canning Company. The capi
tal stock Is 325,000 and the incorpora
tors are T. D. O'Brien, J. O. Scott, A.
Rupert. Roy Fitxwater and J. C. Mayer.
Thla cannery proved a success from the
first and the new capital which has
been enlisted In the company means
further development of the plant.
San Francisco Fire Injures Two.
SAN FRANCISCO. April 20 Two
firemen were burned, one seriously, the
other allghtly and damage estimated
at between $50,000 and 575.000 was
caused here today by a fire in the plant
of the Reiber Laboratories, Inc., man
ufacturers of X-ray equipment.
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