6
THE feXJXDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 3, 1918.
(Drtfrmtmn
It. bat thr will b plenty for them
to do, and more, now that the wax U
fairly under wf.
rORTUtXD. OKEOOX.
Fat'oreo1 at Portland Orioo Postofne a
cna'i-.-laae tnail mait-r
Baoecrtptloa rates IsverlaLiy
(Br Will.)
re""v. fhanrfay m-ltc 1. aaa y-ar- .....
Iailr. S-in.fay la.-lu-le-l. sil motr-a ...
Ii r. 8'iri'lar laeludoO. mree Xl-.nlh
l-ei.r. iinl lnrlu-ld. one moma ...
I-e.: r. a tthoat .-'in:ay. ana F-r ......
I al'r. ailhout anlr. tl moetlie ....
!:',. witnnot Sunday, aaa month ....
W !jr. aaa yer ....................
San.lay. oee Tar
aautlax U4 vtklr ...........
I Br Carrlar.
Ta.ile. S-ifiday tncltjdod. oaa year
I-e-l Sanor ln.-le.ti ana month
I-e.iv. aith.jat .un.lay. on rear
Ia.lif. wtrho-al S-ja-iey. throw m-nl
la r. witn-Mit auanar. aa oiil
How to Kami poatoffK-a sneaey ee-
r. etres orJr or personal rhors ao Tour
al Sana Sran-.po. roin or orr.-r are el
ri rtak. ; eoatofflce eJlreee la fall,
taclutliae county and state.
rauit Rates 13 la I pa- east: IS
iJ pxaa. 3 cents. M to s pages. ";
ta eases. rant.; U to . P"
nr.: : ta sj aacaa. casta. swalga
aetaee. doable rat.-.
IMara tle.la fnre Verroe f"r'
III. H-mawi-a eoil-lire. St. York: .'H'
a ra n. ei-e-r r-ii.;in. "M'a; v-via
a -oo.Alin- Fro rr-o "'"" -.
tlfc ean F-atca repreeeslauve.
JlulweU. Market street.
PATaUOTrsJf BT COMrrXdlOll,
Determination of the Food Adminis
tration to place disloyal restaurant
fit eel keepers, upon a list to whom whole-
I salers win not Da permitted to sell
uppllea Is in line with the rlews of
" mm engaged In the business In sev
eral cities In which they bar organ
ized to rope with the situation.
In New York recently ona pro
prietor who had been living' .up to
the spirit as well as the letter of the
rule said that, although be bad op
posed licensing eating places at first,
he bad since changed bis mind and
had become convinced that even more
drastic action would be Justified.
"What we now need." he said. "Is
law by which we can put the man
who serves wheat or meat on a wheat
leas or meatless day. and also the man
who Insists on having either. Into jail.
Such a law would not affect unfavor
ably the business of any patriotic man.
and he la entitled to protection against
unfair competition. If unpatriotic
ones succeed la evading the -blacklist.
.. .
.. 1
. S
. t
.. 1 -o
and noeml will not voluntarily refrain
Htmu or THE associated rat. 1 froIn p.tronlsing them, the law should
Tna A"ete-t "raaa ta at.iaawaijj mti- I amplified In the manner suggested
ta tna " rpnni-i. -. -- -
awtME'-liM cr-.j : 10
er-utd 10 thia MP-'.
Mf ih. Iiak.'t S-r,i.
Ail riM rpoi
not a(nralaa
and ao tie local
aim af special dia-
by the New York man.
pe'rnes nerela ara
aiao rereL
nT!tD. cmdat. rr.n. .
EAMf.
TTie public Is not concerned In the
opinions and beliefs of such cltlxens
as Floyd lump, who says he Is a Ho
rlaltst: but who la. In fact, an anar
chl.it and a dlnloyaltnt. But It is con
cerned la his acts. I tamp is no traitor.
b- has not sought
the deliberate betrayal of his country
tow to ir.T tm mwrvr fam.
A slat man has ri.en wtth a real
solution of the six-cent streetcar-fare I perhaps, because
... it. t.a where lonr be the deliberate bet
y ' ' , . k ,., .-a and has not conspired with It enemies,
rorfe back and forth. n'n But n. u only a UlUe leas than a
evening: and he Is. or will be. belter
ta health, better In purse, better In jump may be explained and nnder-
temper. True, the remedy la Indl- stood when It is said of him that he
vldual and does the public at large makes a god of his own colossal aelf-
M arJci-i good- yet It Is none the leas conceit. ITofesslng deep concern for
a way out of a perplexing worry r ta;f condurt, , p.ce and war.
a Urge Prt of the popuUuon. All .own by other fop tMr obM.rv.
that U needed la tne courage w ance and for his. He would have a
IU No franchise Is required, no per- I society where all ara equal, and every'
i..,r from anvbody. not even the I man's voice may be heard, and the
v.nr or the notice. common good sought and wrought by
The man we have In mind has been
amiliiiir of a Dhvsiral starker. He
war-weary and hungry people of the
central empires. The present epidemic
of strikes may be the first effects.
Graver effects may follow until the
Kaiser may learn too late that in
using mental poison to dissolve the
Russian army, he has dissolved his
own army. .
and for all alike: but be declines.
nevertheless, to yield hta own views of
1 wit rnv n.rM m mmuir k
ryCca,;nitn ,.1 ... wel.-nlgh unanimous Judgment of
17w7ys prompu ...fferlng the annoy- t f"lowa. He I. agalnrt war. but
eoTef bridge draw, and con- lo stop war he d..l op Pose the
(a. a. aa-.n 41 I llelUUH Wl.se. U UgBVB "at M . Vasa, aWV
vr9utlonal enrountir. w
to
rtfK riaroni
...k . f nd rind- would mate it impoaaime tor us
rnVas the yaars ronrd around that hu ak. the only wa, of defe.Ung war
fli "bad grown fl-abby. his muscle. I
vtak and his wind short. Occasion
ally be would awe out of the moving
rar window soma sturdy cltUen plow
ing hi methodical v.ay along on bl
two stout legs, or some other prosper
aua netrhbor firing to and from hta
emce or buslneae la his automobile.
He did not permit himself to waste
his lime In eny of either. lie had
not the money to do the on nor the
d:ire to Immolate nimaeit on toe
na. He doea not believe In uod and
his Infallibility; but only In man and
hta Infallibility, and he, and no other.
Is the Infallible man.
It was not neceseary to prove that
Ramp was an enemy of the state. He
admitted It, and challenged the sover
eign citisens of the state to convict
htm. Perhaps he thought they would
not do It, for It would be sacrilege
upon his sacred person, which he
thought, or professed to think, waa
t f . 1 ..nP trtr fh. Other.
Rut ... ...-cent controversy burt h
k Inart ronaclousneS like a
thunder-cUp. He was resolved not lo
par the etra cent, so far as he could
help. He was righteously down on
the unresul.ited Jltnea. and be could
find no relief In agitation. Ho he
walka. He sacrifices no principles In
walking, and he doea himself 1m
measurable good. He says so himself.
Home ci-ijr. ben the benellu of dally
eaervla for all his muscular parts
show In reduced flcah. clearer eye.
better appetite and finer health, be
mistaken. There
Is no such thing as lese majeste In
America, not even against the majesty
of a eelf-anolnted Individualist and
megnlocephallo anarchist. For Ramp'
trouble was In reality only a very bad
case of big head.
Through his case It ha been shown
that the Nation propose to deal rigor.
ously with Its enemies within a well
as without. The soap-boxer may not
teach sedition and act treason, by op
posing the measure necessary to th
winning of the war. There will be
streVtca'r company for shaking him .pecb. but , her. wU, be better
, t- I InHnlanra as to his "- . -
tions of free speech. It Is not license,
nor unrestrained privilege, nor wanton
defiance of he laws, nor disloyalty to
the sacred cause of freedom and de
mocracy. It Is something quit differ
ent from all these, and from what
Ramp thought It was.
It Is well to understand that Ramp
waa convicted after a fair trial by m
Jury of hla peers more than his peer
which he hud a vole In choosing.
It may be well for others who may be
moved to do as Ramp did to take note.
it
physical health. Or perhaps hla grati
tude win take the form of thanks to
the fiery McC.inn for stirring tip such
a row. A penny with htm mlicht not
have aeemrd so much If It bad not
brought him lo realise that It marked,
perhaps, the different- between In.
rrrasms physical vigor and declining
pnvttial well-being.
Rut that is not th who! story.
There ta pleasure In walking, when
you know how. and paw the point
where you do it as a stunt or a pen-arx-a.
It mar as well b said here.
parenthetically, that tlio trouble with ixrrrrrn WITH THKIK OWN POIJtOJf.
fieartr all aehrtnes of athletie exercise. I T-ne present Internal strife which
for men and women of middle age. Islptirs Germsny and Austria la proof
that they soon lose their novelty, and that. In their policy toward Russia.
beeom merely mechanical ceremonies, I ti,e German militarists have once more
and It is not easy, and Is generally tm- I displayed their incapacity to Judge
pcsaiMe. to keep them up. Men and I human nature. Their policy of weak
women, finding themselves growing I rnlng their enemies by conspiracy and
ell toe fast, fall easy victim to tne I propaganda has reacted against them.
wtlea of th phvsical culturist or a tt did In the United States, all parts
metlrln!e health promoter. whol0f (jja untiah empire, France and
promise to perform miracles of trans-1 Italy.
formation in twentv leasona. for. say. I p the Intrigue which brought dls-
the modest sum of 1100. He docs, lo-I aster upon autocratic Russia, the Ger.
deed: but when he moves on. the I mans hastened the downfall of th
average person soon loses Interest and par and the triumph of domocracy.
gees bark to hla old ha hit a. and is They did not foresee that the fall
where he waa before th apoell of cf autocracy In Russia would react
th pew life came along. Out of aad I against It In Germany and Austria. In
eipertenre. we should say that It Is I order to weaken the will and power of
because the enthiit.tam ef outh lo
purely physical effort la gone, or that
the Incitement of ror.test between In
dividuals means nothing, or that sheer
wrsnnesi In merely routine perform
ances with the arms, legi and body Is
bound to prevail.
Put the pedestrian who tlrrows bis
bead Ntrk. rloea bis mouth. Inhales
and evhale the fresh air through his
nose, in harmony with hla steps, one
to five or six. keeps ki shoulders up.
ad hta hands out of hla pockets, and
moves along at a fairly rapid g-ait.
soon finds that he Is In tune with AU
Nature, and that he la doing a pleas
tiraMe and net a difficult service to
bims.lf. It U well to walk leisurely,
provided vou taalk far ennch: but It
t far better to walk so that you feel
It. and the blood tmglre and the legs
are Just a little wearied, before the
end of the Journey Is reached. Any
athlete win bear aitnrse to the fact
that walking Is. wtth a single excep
tion, the best-known exerciae. The
Rusata to f'ght. they encouraged their
soldiers to fraternise with the Russians
and to agitate for peace among the
Utter. They Ignored th fact that
their soldiers might not only take
pear talk seriously, but would hear
much talk about democracy which
would undermine their allegiance to
th two Kaisers. Association with
Russian soldiers who murdered their
officers and established the rule of
soldiers committees was dangerous to
the discipline of the German army.
When an army which had thus been
Infected with the virus of peace and
democracy learned that Its govern
ment was making thinly disguised de
mands for annexation. It wa very apt
to get out of hand.
Von Hlndenburg realised the danger,
for In violating the armlstic agree
ment not to transfer troop to th
western front, be furlooghed men In
dividually Instead of by complete mill
tary units and then transferred these
men to th west. Th War Depart-
exeeption ta. of course, the particular! ment explatna that one reason for this
regime or course or fad he has adapted
to fit hla apevia! raae or to prepare
him for hia ewa nedj or occupations.
It la a queer development of the
rarfsre controversy that, while to
Cnany persons a nickel is negligible.
and little account la taken of th sum
total span I In car-rides. six cents ap
pears to be a great deal more. To be
sure. It Is twenty per rent more, but
In this Instance twenty per cent Is
only a penny. Many pennies make
good shoving In anyone a saving a
policy la that "the eastern troops
have been so Influenced by th Rus
sian revoluuonary propaganda that
the German military chiefs have de
rided to separata the men and aoatter
them In unaffected .western regi
ment. Rut former experience suggests that
this plan will spread the Infection of
democratic Ideas instead of killing it.
Th first French revolution carried
republican Ideas Into every surround
ing country and the French army set
count: but six rents multiplied many) up republics In the countries they In-
times doea six times as well. The
saving to the walker ta. therefore, not
to be despised. If the man or woman
who has been a regular patron of th
streetrars will rut out one trip day.
aad walk, the net result will b f l.aO
month, or f :t.t a year. That sum
will go quite a distance In reducing
a man's cigar bills, or a woman's
randy account. Or. better still. It
mlctu be put In the children's bank.
Rut the great result of walking
regular, elhctent, dally walking Is
health and fewer doctor's bills. The
vaded. The French revolution of IMS
lighted a train which caused out
breaks In Rome. Merlin. Vienna and
Rudapeet- Democracy runs through
the world like a fire through a forest.
The men whom Von Hlndenburg has
transferred to unaffctd regiment
may Infect them.
Action of the Russian Red Guard tn
making war on the Ukraine and th
Cossack and In starting a new revo
lution In Finland. Implies that th
Rolshevlkl have started a propaganda
like that of the French tn 171S. It
doctors may. Indeed, complain about I would find ready malarial among th.
GERMANY DRIVES FOB Oil.
One of the strongest Incentives to
German aggression -In Eastern Europe
ha been the acquisition of petroleum
for her military and industrial needs.
Knowing that the Russian supply
would be cut off by war. that the out
put of Galicla was only a fraction of
th needs of both central empires and
not having acquired control of the
Roumanian fields, the German govern
ment had accumulated a considerable
supply before th war, but not enough
for prolonged hostilities. Hence" re-
conquest of Galicla from Russia was
an economic necessity, and an eco
nomic a well a a military end was
gained by conquest of Roumanla.
But still the quantity available is
far short of Germany's needs. There
are email fielda tn Alsace-Lorraine and
Hanover, but they yield only about
1.000.000 barrels a year. Damage to
the Gallclan wells ha been repaired
and their production has been in
creased to . 000. 000 to (.600.000 bar
rels a year, but the Roumanian wells
were badly wrecked as the army re
treated, and It Is estimated that pro
duction la about S.ZSO.OOO barrels a
year, or lea than hall the pre-war
output.
Germany and Austria combined
have a total fit only 13.000,000 barrels
between them, compared with which
Britain has called on the United States
for 2,000.000 barre's a year for her
navy alone, and also has the entire
output of the Persian field and much
from th Mexican field. German news
papers comment seriously on' the
shortage of oil and insist that Ron
mania must lose her Independence In
order that her oil fields may be re
tained.
These facta help to explain present
German policy toward Russia. The
1 output of the Baku field In Southern
liussia in ii was anoui as.ouu.uvu
barrels, and the breakdown of that
country opens opportunity to secure
It. Hence the eagerness to recognize
th new republic of Ukraine, which
Ilea across the road to the Caspian
Sea and may be extended to include
all of Southern Russia. German and
Austrian prisoners in the Don, country
are reported to have been armed by
th Rolshevlkl to fight against the
Cossacks, and probably the aid of offi
cer among them helps to account for
th defeats which Lenine claims to
have inflicted on th Cossacks. Their
activity may be ascribed to orders
from Berlin to oppose all hostile par
tie tn Russia, one object being to
clear th way to the Baku oil fields
and import their product to Germany.
All of these facts add force to the
frequent statement that this is a war
of material, and that policy and
strategy must aim to deprive the
enemy of valuable natural resources.
Peace with Ukraine and Its extension
to th Caucasus would enable Ger
many to obtain oil, coal and iron
three basic necessities and to fight
for several years.
followers Is found In the fact that I to the best there was of the kind In terms was unreasonable. The child f
most of them were well to do when tne Unitea - states not many years or tnirteen wouia oe expectea. ji no
COXsrSHM IN OKKCO.V.
There died In New York the other
day Taul Kaplan, a venerable Russian
of th East Side, whose humanitarian
Influence had extended far beyond the
circle In which he moved. He had
been driven from hla native land by
persecution of-hla people, and there
Is Interest for Oregontans In the state
ment made by hla biographers that
on landing In the United States he
came first to Oregon, about 1883, "to
establish a new Odessa, a communistic
settlement where he and his comrades
could live out their dream of a com
monwealth based on the principles of
communism." The statement is made
that the experiment failed after two
years, like the earlier experiments of
George William Curtis and Charles A.
Dana and their New England col
leagues at Brook Farm, or the similar
venture of tho English cotton spinner
and social reformer, Robert Owen, at
New Harmony,
The records of the Oregon Histori
cal Society lack Information upon this
point, although those who were Inti
mate wtth Kaplan make their asser
tions with positlvenesa. There are
rumors here that such an experiment
was made, but If so Its failure must
mive been complete. The venture left
no record behind It. and no historian
to tell why it did not succeed.
It will still be remembered by the
older generation, however, that Ore
gon once was the home of a com
munistic settlement which, although
It did not endure, at least did not have
an ignoble ending, this was tne
Aurora community, founded under the
leadership of Dr. Keil, a German, who.
halng left his native country in search
of better, opportunity for social ex
pression, first Interested a number of
his countrymen In plans which cul
minated in 145 In the establishment
of a colony at Rethel. Mo. Tea, years
later he decided to move the, Colony
to Oregon. Will a pa bad been selected
by an advance party which visited the
Coast In 18IX. but this site was after
ward abandoned tn favor of Aurora.
The Rethel colonist came West tn
four parties, two by wagon train across
th plains and two by way of the
Isthmus of Panama. The wagon par
tie won their way through the In
dian country by conciliatory methods.
crossed the John Day River early In
ItSS the year of the Indian outbreak
nd reached Portland without loss.
Wlllapa was abandoned because it
was then too Isolated and commnntca
tion by wagon roads with the rest of
the world was Impossible. The Wil
lamette Valley wa then easily acces
sible. The colonists bought two quar
ter sections tn a heavily wooded coun
try east of French Prairie, and named
the settlement Aurora, after the sec
ond daughter of Dr. Keil. Improve
ment on the property consisted of a
wmill. a gristmill with one set of
burrs, and a log cabin In which for a
time the first settlers, twenty-five In
number. lived as one family.
H. 8. Lyman, who ha described the
development of the Aurora community
ln the Quarterly of the Oregon His
torical Society, says that "life during
the first period of settlement here
seem to have passed pleasantly, but
very Industriously. Doubtless pleas
ure was th corollary of Industry, for
the rules of th colony seem to have
left little leisure to make mischief In.
One of the rules of labor was that
very gang of four who worked to
gether should cut down a tree before
breakfast, unless there happened to be
no meat on hand. In which Case they
should kill a deer.
Dr. Keil waa a devout man. who
accepted the Bible literally, and
"taught the relations of natural laws
and the natural results of moral ac
tion." He preached chiefly In Ger
man, but sometimes made speeches in
English. Test of the sincerity of his
they Joined the community, and In
order to become members were re
quired to surrender all their poods for
the common welfare. Dr. Keil pro
fessed to follow the example of the
disciples, of whom It was said "They
had all things common, neither were
there any among them that lacked.1
Dr. Keil established facilities for fur
nishing necessities of life, and from
the general store thus produced each
one was allowed to take what he
needed. All that was left was sold
and the cash received was used in the
purchase of supplies not produced on
the place. The communistic principle
was not extended to the family. Each
family had Its own borne and carried
on its own work.
The colony grew and added to its
property. Its membership reaching be
tween three and four hundred. It ter
minated as the result of the death of
its founder, and the comment of one
of its (historians will be especially in
teresting to any who may contemplate
embarking on a similar enterprise.
This historian says:
Such an enterprise can succeed In but ona
of two ways: Klthar through a natural
eader, who la deeply Impressed that he Is
sereins; Uod. or "else by a military power.
Dr. Keil waa the former, and the people
ooeyed him a. If ha ware a father. This
waa due woth to the originality of hla ideas
and to his strong:y vital temperament.
In all matters ha waa a leader. For In
stance, ha waa a Republican In politics, and
all lite colonists voted Republican. He alao
projected the work of the people, although
leaving tha details to the execution of a
regular foreman. He himself preached reg
ularly in tha church, and waa very much
respected by tha entire neighborhood, a
veil as revered in tha colony.
Eventually the property was dl
vided. It was held in the name of Dr.
Keil, but his heirs regarded it, as he
did, as a trust and laid no claim to it.
The estate was divided among all in the
community. The same course haJ been
followed at Bethel, except that the di
vision there had been made on the
plan of allowing each member a pay
ment for special services or gifts, and
the remainder was apportioned ac
cording to the number of years of resi
dence of each.
Dr. Keil's experiment had begun
about 1843. when he began organiz
ing in Pennsylvania, and lasted until
1877. This was approximately a gen
eration. Its vitality was due, It ap
pears, wholly to the strong individual
ity and firm, dictatorial leadership of
its founder, although the germ of the
communistic Idea Is the equality of all.
But new generations bring new prob
lems, and new leaderships are not al
ways successful. A pleasing feature
of the Aurora experiment was Its
peaceful ending. The community was
dissolved without rancor, and the
members went their separate ways.
Many of them were, and their de
scendants still are, useful and even
distinguished citizens of Oregon.
ago. were "normal, not only to sense, dui
Tnere Is striking unanimity of to. put into words, the difference he
opinion among leaders of thought In tween "poverty" and "misery," be
the Asiatic countries, quoted by Mr. tween "pleasure" and "honor," and
Dennet, as to the value of the services between "evolution" and "revolution."
of the missionaries in behalf of better It is not that the difference is not ap
social conditions and of good govern- parent to most persons, but that an
ment. "The missions," said the Lieu- exceedingly large class unaccustomed
tenant - Governor of India, "have to .dealing with abstractions would be
helped in education and havo done a clearly at a loss for words. There
great deal for the depressed' classes were other tests which depended upon
which the Government could not do "environmental experience," such as
and which the Indian was unwilling naming the day of the week, the
to do." The gaekwar of Baroda paid month and tho year. "Experiment
them an even higher tribute when he among business men," says Dr. Leon
said! ard Ayres, "shows that they are fre
i am thinking of calling- together th. quently unable to supply these data
misslonartea aad asking them to tell me unless the nature of their business re
their view on. how we can improva th. quires constant reference to them."
quality of tha native priesthood. Then I r
wont to call tha priests together and aay .adds:
to them: "Look at tha missionaries. Be Tfc. writer remembers serving a. raem
tbe aacriflcea they ara making to help our Der ot a jr.r,, jury m tn, wt indies
people. You ought to go out ana do the ,PVin- .m--tin tn wniitH m,tj,a ofi
eaaio aiuu oi wura. I ocean-go na trading siooDs were the ac-
Recent statistics show that there eused. In these eases It waa proved beyond
lanv nn,llnn that IhM, Mntflim witr Tint
are nooui i.uuu.uuu nnsimu -"- only illiterate, but that they were abao-
verts. Catholic and Protestant, in lutely ignorant of tha names of the months
Asia. Of these 4,327,000 are credited nd did not keep track of the days ot the
. , . . D .CA I week, except Sundays. Nevertheleas. these
iu mum, wcjiuu im uu. .wi, (men were distinctly able and Intelligent,
000 to China, StiU.UUU to japan, uorea spoke several languages, navigated dan-
and Formosa, and 186.000 to British ferous waters carrlea cargoes or con
Malaysia and the Dutch East Indies. .,,,. v . n,m. ,,. the day of the
UI tne SZU.UUU.uuu goia annually spent I week and ot the month is governea almost
entirely Dy oaliy work ana eery nine
native ability.
"To define common terms better
than by use" was another requirement
of these immigrants. That is to say,
The Peripterous.
Porlpteroaa A Structure Having Bows
of Columns on A1 Sides. Dictionary.
on foreign missions in tnese areas.
nearly 31,500,000 Is collected in the
various fields. This represents, says
Mr. Dennet, when measured by wages
paid to skilled labor and in sacrifice.
as much as 315,000,000 contributed
by Christians in the United States.
This is offered as evidence of the sin
to define a table as "something to eat
ori." or a horse as "it is to ride," was
to set the applicant down as a defec
ONE THRIFT DAT" NOT mOl'OH.
It is now proposed to set aside Feb
ruary 3 as a ftational thrift day.
Merely as a means of calling attention
to the need of thrift, the plan will do
no harm. But one thrift day is not
enough. There should be 365 of them
In each ordinary year and 366 in leap
years. The necessity ts imperative
now and will be imperative for years
to come.
It Is essential that we should un
derstand the real meaningof thrift.
To begin with, thrift Is not niggardli
ness. It does not mean going without
necessities, or avoiding normal pleas
ures and sane amusements, or neglect
ing toe cultural side of life, or even
refraining from moderate indulgence
In luxuries. Thrift is comprehended
in going without things we cannot af
ford, in planning to spend wisely and
to save something, and in bearing the
future in mind. It includes making
use of what we already have, and
avoiding waste in every form.
There will be no ewpecial hardship,
for example, in going without the
things we do not really want, but
which we contemplate buying because
our neighbors, less thrifty or in better
circumstances, have them. The effort
to "keep up with the Joneses" has
probably coxt us more than any other
single folly of recent years. It is now
going out of fashion. The man who
eays frankly. "I cannot afford it.
marks himself as one of independent
spirit and free from snobbishness.
False pretenses are no longer neces
sary to comfort or happiness.
Having learned to gauge their ex
penditures by what they can afford.
Americans will find thrift compara
tively easy. What each family can
afford will depend on widely varying
circumstances, but much can be ac
complished by the simple method of
giving thought to each contemplated
expenditure. Is it necessary? Will
the same amount of money bring more
happiness If expended in some other
way? Will It make a drain upon the
family savings? These are questions
only to ask which in many Instances
Is to find the answer ready made. A
good deal of our National lack of thrift
mere thoughtlessness. When we
have learned that It is worth while to
treat a dollar as a friend we shall
have made a substantial advance to
ward thrift
Even the citizen who spends as he
goes along because he- "has no faith
In banks" has lost his excuse. Liberty
bonds and war savings certificates and
thrift stamps furnish opportunities for
Investment as safe as the Government
itself. It ought to be the aim of every
individual possessing any earning
power whatever to own as many of
them a his circumstances will permit.
civilization.
,h, ...ti.n r ,h tive. But, as a matter of fact, the
converts themselves. But the de- e,vl"s ul uc""'""u . . .
fender of the missionaries ;is content talent, u noi an art. ii is me om
to rest his case upon the moral In- question of. talking versus do.ng. One
n,,o th ,rt rm the. cmintrv re. of the questions was: 'What ought
rarHluc f tho mimhoi- nf converts one lo ao Deiore uwng pan in an uu
they have made. i poriani areair r en, wuav uusm
In other words, they are spreading "l
answers. xmuoiec your piupeiiy w
your wife," if it did not point to a high
degree of business honesty, at least did
not indicate fundamental lack of gray
matter.
We are committed to the literacy
test for immigrants, and there is no
likelihood that it will not stand, but
we seem to be In need of a better test
than has yet been devised to exclude
the high-grade morons with whom we
may be threatened In the future, and
MENTAL TESTS AND THE IMMIGRANT.
Probable revival of the immigration
problem at an early date gives inter
est to the study of "Mental Tests and
the Immigrant," made by Henry H.
Goddard, research director at the
Vineland, N. J., Training School, in
the Journal of Delinquency. Mr. God-
AaA . n t tn VIM,
Island with a corps of assistants and trom wf hav. "uttered In the
made several so-called mental tests of I
selected groups of immigrants who
were there awaiting admission to the
country. Persons of "obviously high
grade intelligence" had previously
been excluded, and Government phy
sicians had also culled out those who,
also obviously, were mentally defec
tive.
There remained. It will be -seen, a
considerable number who might be
The task - is to fix a standard
which shall let in those who are com
petent to "do," and whose thinking
processes are sane and safe, though
not measurable by word tests, and
which also shall exclude those who
may become a menace to our National
well-being. Something, for example.
which would admit the man who
would take a bath before engaging in
an important adventure, but would
rfo.rihorf in tha twilight r.r keep out the other who would deed
n ... I V, J.- nnnA,. t,l ,ICA nritlt rilnhAnari
i , ! asiwi,j vi, im .... uiouuiiiio,
mental activity. That Is to say, their
mental state could not be determined
without recourse to some process more
complicated than a mere interview,
The purpose of mental tests for immi
grants is not to determine their fitness
for special tasks, and the science of
eugenics does not yet warrant us In
believing that we can make a reliable
estimate of their value as parents of
the future race, but the tests are de
signed to ascertain if possible whether
the applicant for entrance is likely to
be able to manage himself and his
affairs with such common prudence
that he will not become a charge upon
the community. These affairs may
not be very momentous, and not a
acumen, would be very nearly ideal.
If It could be adapted to every sit
uation.
Butchers who- formerly marketed
their carcasses with as much of the
fat on them as possible, in order to
find customers for a product that the
customer did not want, but which they
could not dispose of at a profit in any
other way, are now being urged by the
United States Bureau of Markets to
trim the meat more closely and con
serve the fat for manufacture into
high-grade food products instead of
permitting it to be wasted or to be-
JHTIHSIONARIKS MAKING GOOD,
Those who have mistakenly ap
praised the work of Christian mission
aries in pagatv hinds upon the basis
of converts alone will find food for
reflection In an estimate of them
made by Tyler Dennet, a writer in
Asia, the organ of the American Asi
atic Association. Mr. Dennet finds
that travelers are too prone to pass
Judgment upon the missionaries with
out knowledge of the facts, or of the
difficulties under which they labor.
In particular the traveler is given to
accepting without analysis statements
born of prejudice and emanating from
unsympathetic sources.
The phrase "rice Christians" has
contributed materially to this general
misunderstanding. It has spread
throughout Asia and it implies that
the convert Is held by the inducement
of his daily rice and of other eco
nomic, social and even political ad
vantages. But Mr. Dennet, who had
often been told that "missionaries
have never made a sincere' convert,"
presents an Impressive list of promi
nent Asiatics who have been converted
and whose sincerity ts not open to
reasonable doubt. The effect of their
conversion is particularly noticeable
in Japan, where several noteworthy
Christian manufacturers are estab
lishing new standards in industrial
betterment and in welfare work for
their employes far in advance of pub
lic sentiment. This, says the writer,
is "equal in extent and thoroughness
come only low-grade grease. The old
an-eat ri.i I. .m.r r,f him T?t it Practice has been hard to overcome,
is clear that If a wav could h. fnnnd notwithstanding the increasing prices
ul ms'i-srniuB ona tmu lata aua me
demand for them in the war indus
tries. Buyers for home consumption
who are able to persuade their butch
ers to follow the new order will not
only save money for their own ac
count, but will be performing a pa
triotic duty, for there is no likelihood
that there will be an overproduction
ot any kind of fat 'while the war lasts,
to answer the question at the door of
the country, a good deal of ground for
controversy over the "undesirable im-
mitrrant" would be eliminated.
The methods employed by Mr. God
dard embraced the Binet-Simon test.
the Healy construction tests and the
De Sanctis tests. The results, now de
scribed by the writer, are entertain
ing because they will raise the ques
tion in a good many minds whether it
would be fair to subject some of our
"obviously intelligent" friends to the
ordeal. The De Sanctis tests consist
of several questions, the real testing
power of which Mr. Goddard seems to
have overestimated. For example, he
says:
AlaKing all possible allowances, wa are
confronted with tha puzxling question as to
now any person over years old cannot
answer tho questions. "Are large things
neavter or lighter man small things?
While they are replacing the "pea
nut butchers" with girls, there are a
lot of other improvements that might
be suggested, such as offering novels
for sale that are less than a genera
tion old, and altering the shape of
those cornucopias in which graces are
camouflaged.
It is also a form of thrift to think
of things wanted at the store in ad-
Why are small things sometimes heavlir I vance of actual needs and to buy so
than large things" "Ara distant objects I as to conserve deliveries. One need
only imagine himself in the situation
of our fathers a few years ago before
free delivery was common, and act
accordingly.
smaller or larger than near objects?" and.
finally. "Are they really smaller, or do they 1
only look smaller? One finds It hard not
to conclude that auch a person must surely
ba lacking in mentality.
What are the answers to the ques- I
tions. anyway.' we picture Deiore us There is. of course, the nossihilitv
a would-be immigrant who has heard that Germany is permitting news of
uiai mere are opportunities ior aa- internal disturbances to go out in or-
vancement in America, Including the jer to foment other and more serious
opportunity to obtain an education, dissensions in the countries of her
And we can thlnlc of nothing else than
a very much bewildered individual
when he is confronted with a question
such as "Why are small things some.
times heavier than large things?" It
reminds one of the old question
Which Is the heavier, a pound of
feathers or a pound of lead?" which
has tripped many a man who cer
tainly was not open to the charge that
he could not "manage himself and his
affairs with ordinary prudence." We
know that a cubic foot of steel Is
heavier than a bag ot wool, and some
of us have a reason for our convic-
(Synopsla of preceding aynopsea.)
' The Oregontan, a great morning news
paper, employe a distinguished literary
architect to construct a perlptaroua
He doea It. It has rows of columns oa
east, west, north and south.
Tha Peripterous becomes a Free A ad it o
rturo for tha expression of incompetent. Ir
relevent and- imkiaierlai opinion. . new
verse and anecdolaa.
a Pacifist Department of Scientific In
vestigation la established and solves many
fascinating problema.
The Society for. Suppression of War Poetry
establishes headauartera and offers anti
dotes for war poetry poisoning.
Several matters that seemed to call
for vehement protest were presented
at the weekly meeting of the Anelent
Order of Vociferous Objectors, conven
ing exclusively In this boon to sup
pressesd propagandists.
The state of the' weather, it was ad
mitted, offered an inviting field for
discussion and one prominent member
was said to have been Intent on ex
pressing some decided opinions, but it
was noticed that he spent, a great deal
of time In an abstracted sort of way in
seeming search for an unattainable spot
on his back. He finally excused him
self after making known to tha Most
Extreme Vociferino that he was suffer
ing from a belated attirement in
woolen underwear.
Colonel Barn, who is also a prominent
member of the Society for the Preser
vation of Colonels by Courtesy, and
therefore intensely patriotic, entered a
vociferous objection to the kind of
names given by parents to prospective
anarchists and seditlonists.
Conviction of an anarchist named
Ramp offorded a text for Colonel Barn.
When Providence has given an anar
chist tie surname of Ramp, observed
Colonel Barn, and when Ramp, as stu
dents of tha dictionary well know,
means to rage and to storm, it is highly
improper of parent to give a Ramp
the name of Floyd.
"Floyd'-ls as bad as "Percy' or 'Al
gernon' as the given name of an anar
chist," declared Colonel Barn. The dis
tinguished representative of militarism
in civil life offered resolutions de
nouncing the sentimentality of parents
which were adopted unanimously.
Senator Gluten. Past Extreme Vocif
erino. objected vociferously to the fall
ing of groundhog day on porkless day,
or vice versa.
Senator Gluten spoke long and earn
estly on the subject before the assem
bled lodge members were able to catch
the drift of his objection. Senator
Gluten reasoned that, inasmuch as sau
sage is pork and pork is prohibited,
while sausage is in fact groundhog. It
was impossible to follow the honorable
custom of observing both porkless and
groundhog day at once.
That something had not been done to
prevent this conflict of a great and ap
propriate National holiday with th
rules of the Food Administration Sena
tor Gluten ascribed to the general in
efficiency of the Democratic adminis
tration. A scrubby-looking little fellow who
had aroused some suspicion because he
had consistently attended. Drevious
meetings without objecting to anv-
thlng arose toeobject vociferously be
cause Senator Gluten had not objected
to the coincidence of porkless and
groundhog day at a time when the ob
jection would do some good.
This confirmed. the susnlclona of the
other members, for it Is an established
rule of the order that nobody shall at
any meeting offer any objection that
will accomplish any purpose. This is
a purely objecting society.
tus scrubby littl fellow waa
promptly kicked down tha front steps,
and the lodge spent the remainder of
the session in a profitless discussion
as to whether It would longer be In.
ordier to object to the -cent fare, in
asmuch as it now appeared that some
thing might Inadvertently be accom
plished if there were any more vocif
erous objections.
A. O. V. O. Poet I.aareate.
The sweet singer with the symiiho-
nious pseudonym, AJyce Rosalyee
Rustnng, has dedicated a poem to the
Ancient Order of Vociferous Objectors,
and In consideration has been elected
unanimously poet laureate. This ia her
membership cerfificate:
I'm convalescing from an illness.
Half cured by Frits von Billness
Acute war verse," he calls the case-
Ascribes it to "war poet's chase!"
He says, "Dem knitters
Fhust soon may be yarn quitters,
Like as you Yanks vat versify.
Den from der bullets fly."
vowed, "The watring rhyme acqult-ters
Send out more bombs than knitters,
nut poem ruses all tire back.
While sweaters stick where sent
alack!"
No use denyln'
My war verse wick is dyir".
So I have Joined A. O. V. O. . i
Tis sweet to live you know.
enemies. Anything that gets by the
German censor will at least bear
watching.
The plan to utilize Boy Scouts as
dispatch bearers is a fine one from the
point of view of both the boys and
the interests they will serve. It will
develop a sense of loyalty and respon
sibility that will be invaluable to the
country in the years to come.
Kentucky not only ratified the pro
hibition amendment, but now tlireat-
ona tn liaVA sa. reforondu m An a etoto.
tions on the subject, but how many wide droutn, irrespective of what the
Nation does about it. And Kentucky
are there who could frame a sentence
putting the reason into-form accept
able to an examiner?
The Binet-Simon test undoubtedly
had value, within limits, as a measure,
not of the capacity of the individual
to take care of his own business and
domestic affairs, but of his
alertness as compared with other in
dividuals. It was devised as a stand
ard for school children. It began with
the age of three years, at which the
child was expected to describe the lo
cation of his nose, mouth and ears,
to repeat sentences of a certain com
plexity, and so forth, and advanced by
easy stages through the years up to
thirteen, at which age the "normal
child was found to be able to define
the differences between abstract terms.
But, as has been said, the chief value
of the whole procedure lay in the fact
that It furnished some sort of scale.
It was possible for an examiner to say
arbitrarily that a child was so many
years ahead of or behind the normal,
and to proceed with his education ac
cordingly. Its adaptability to she ex
amination of immigrants was seriously
to be questioned.
is the state they named the bourbon
whisky after!
With Russia broken into fragments.
the United States becomes the most
I rtAmilmia .ittlio1 rnimt r n tit. e ao
mental '"'" , " ... "f . 1 ..
or tne gioDe. we must not. ran to
measure up to our new responsibility.
The Bolshevik idea of freedom
seems to be freedom of their own
particular brand, but not the kind, for
example, that the people of Odessa or
Orenburg might prefer.
Meatless and wheatless though the
days may be, we are better off, accord
ing to all accounts, than any of our
neighbors in Europe neutrals, allies
or enemies.
Ae a sample of wholly profitless vo
ciferating objection in verse th poet
laureate suDmits the following;
Killing the Prophet.
Mr. TJiRen ITReu U'Ren
Why don't you wear your hat?
The mere'ry's slipping, sliding down.
otv Qon t you care lor that?
I. Mr. TTRen tTRen U'Ren
Why do I beg you so?
m from te state of Freezington,
And jealous, don't you know?
O. Mr. TJ'Rsn TJ'Ran TTRen
I wish to make the claim.
Tbat Portland freeses every day,
o please, yes, please be game!
O, Mr. TTRen IT Ren -tTRen
Don't try to knock me flat!
My weather phophesying's killed, .
Unless you'll wear your hat! -
Perhaps the Mexican revolutionists
have quit out of sheer pique, seeing
their inability to compete with the
Russians in the turmoil market.
Those who are continuing loyally to
Hooverize coal will be able to warm
One of the cardinal ohleotlnna up some by shoveling the snow off the
the Binet-Simon test wa set forth I siaewajna mere mornings.
some years ago by an investitrator for
the Russell Sage Foundation, who I t here wouia seem 10 De no vana oo.
found that It predominantly reflected Jection to employment of convicts, in
the ability of the subject to use words th manufacture of supplies for use
fluently, and only In small measure lB a war Ior " Petty-
gauged his ability to Derform acta. It
is common to find persons lacking in 1 Formation of an organization of
what the phrenologists used to call "hoboettes" seems like running the
the "faculty of languages," who lacked I feminist movement Into the ground.
neither initiative nor native force.
Another objection made by the Russell Groundhog day has passed once
Sage investigator was that emphasis I more without the invention of a single
upon tests of ability to define abstract I new joke on the subject,
Another Tribute te Fried MnaOu
The star boarder of the poets' cor
ner of the Publlo Forum just couldn't
keep off tha absorbing Fried Corn
Mush topic. This is by James Barton
Adams, the well-known inventor of
versification:
Aibunch of centuries ago, when corn
was given birth
From nature's ever fruitful womb to
benefit the earth.
Then served next morning, crisp and
brown, to the whole hungry push.
And since to gourmands has been known
as plain fried coraraeal mush.
For centuries It was a universal break
fast food.
Its fragrance filled the morning air In
t every neighborhood:
In private homes, hotels, cafes and
boarding-houses It
Was daily called upon to do Its gusta
tory bit.
Anointed with fresh butter it was
deemed a royal dish.
As good as any king or queen or hum
bler Jack could wish.
And it would cause a porker or a billy
- goat to blush
To see the feeders masticate the yaller
cornmeal mush.
But Tow, alas! alackaday! Its prlo
has gone so high
Its fragrance may be sniffed by dwell
ers up beyond the sky,
And none but folk with golden bucks
galore can now afford
To place the golden treasure on the
family breakfast board.
To us poor guys of. lesser means 'tis
but a memory
Of days when we oould swaller down
the Drime delicacy; i
No longer do we bow our heads, our
hearts wtth joys af lush.
While pious daddy asks: "Give us thia
day our daily mush."