5 - -zzzz- n n SUNDAY OH EG ON TAX, PORTLAND, JANUARY 20, 1918. PUBLIG1TY TO HELP Will WAR President Wilson Recognizes Value of Advertising in Present Crisis. SPECIAL BUREAU CREATED Hxerwdve Order PI recta Formation of IHrlsioa of Actuates, to lie 1'ndcr Authority of Com mil lee oa Public I o formation. WASHINGTON. Jan. 1. Infinite ntgnmeot of the part that Nation! advertising forces are to take In the task of winning the war was given In aa order lnrd bjr President Wllnon today creating the division of adver tising of the commitlea on public In formation. It ka believed that through this agency the patriotic services volun teered by advertising men throughout the failed States aince the outbreak r the war may be rendered even more affective. Through the division of advertising It la proposed to perfect publicity ma chinery which may be called Into eerv Ice when campaign of a National char acter are necessitated by war condi tion. Pablle Opiates) Be let erase. President Wilson's order read: "l hereby create, under the Jurisdic tion of the committee on public In formation, heretofore established hy executive order of April 15. 11T. a di vision of advertising for the purpose of receiving and directing through the proper channels the generous efforts of the advertising forces of the Nation to support the effort of the Government to inform public opinion properly and accurately." A board of five members, which has already established executive offices In New York City, has been named by Chairman Creel, of the committee on public Information, to direct the activ ities of the new division. Preealaewt Mew Beared The board members are William TT. Johns, chairman, president of the American Association of Advertising Agencies: W. C. D'Arcy. president of the AMOciated Advertising Club of the World, which has a membership of D.OOO: O. C. Harn. of the National Ad vertisers' Commission of the Associ ated Advertising Clubs of the World: Herbert i. Houston, former president of the Associated Advertising Clubs of the World, and U. B. Jones, president f the Association of the National Ad vertisers. Chairman Johns Issued this state ment relative to the plan and scope of the work that the division expects to accomplish: "It Is by no means Intended that we hall take over the entire advertising work of any department of the Gov ernment. We are simply here to serve. -Through our relations with the ad vertising agencies, we are In position t prepare copy, and the services of the best copy writers of the country axe at our command. MMk Spare Available. "We already have for the use of the Government a large amount of news paper and magazine space that has been given by advertisers and publish ers. This space can be used where It will be most effective In the common cause. -We hope particularly to supplement the good advertising vork that baji al ready been done, and that it has been good work Is witnessed by the success of the two liberty loans and the two Red Cross drives, by giving It a broad background of National advertising. "In a broad sense we shall act a a National advertising agency. We shall displace no Government advertis ing departments. We shall simply help those departments. Just as the mod ern advertising agent helps the ad vertising nparrmenf a of his clients." LOAN ASSOCIATION MEETS Woodland Bram-h of National Board Ite-elrcl Officers. WOOnLANT. Wash.. Jan. 1. Impe rial.) The Lewis Klver Valley Na tional Loan Association, a branch of the National Farm Loan Board, held Its first annual meeting this week, and the old board was re-elected tin the exception of one member, who declined to serve another year. The board aa mw constituted InWudee A. L. Hoxartn. Abel eteph. G. T. McCorkle. Charles K. Olesen. William Burke. Jr.. Godfrey Fhman and Carl Becker. It. R. M. Andruss was re-elected eecretary treaearer. The reports showed loans made amounting to M.7ne. with loans pend ing amounting to IJ0.000. The major ity of the loans made were at per cent, but the new rate will be at V per cent. All members and borrowers are satisfied with the working of the association. clal revolutionists, thereupon with drew from the assembly. This break with the majority social revolutionists, who showed their con trol by electing as chslrman one of their leaders. M. Tchernoff. minister of agriculture In the Kerensky govern ment. Is Interpreted aa a probable pre lude to an attempt on the part of the Bolshevtkl government to assert Itself In supreme control, regardless of what course the present assembly may de sire to lake. The forcible dissolution of the assembly or Ita reorganisation aa a Bolshevik body are among the possible coursea forecast. The peace conference proceedings at Erest-Utovsk again have been sus pended, snd Foreign Minister Trotxky Is reported to have returned to Petro grad. Foreign observers In Petrograd believe that the negotiations are work ing to a final break, and the fall of tbe price of the German mark In neu tral markets Is pointed to as an Indi cation of loss of confidence among the neutrals In the success of the parleys. The obstacle Is the continued decli nation of the central powers to with draw all troops from the occupied re gions of Russia and their uncertain attitude regarding the return of tbe deported population before the ques tion of self-determination Is put. The Russians apparently are sticking Just aa firmly as ever to their demands along these lines. Only one spot on the military map Is showing any activity out of the ordi nary for midwinter the right flank of the Italian river front on the lower reaches of the Ptave. Here the Austrl ans have made a further effort to drive into the Italian lines near Capo Slle and wedge their way further towards Venice- The latest assault appears to hare been no more successful than the other recent efforts, the Italians meeting the enemy with a devastating artillery fire and wiping out with machine guns and rifles tbe few detachments that succeeded In getting across No Man's Land to the defensive barricades. CHARTER CHANGE FAVORED T a co ma Labor Council Would En large Scope of Civic Progress. TACOMA. Wash- Jan. 1. (Special.) The Central Labor Council Intends to devise every means possible to In crease municipal revenue, and will en list the support of the entire Tacoma labor movement In petitioning for a change In the city charter. The first step in this proposed campaign to en large the scope of civic progress was taken on motion of a large number of delegates. To Inaugurate this movement, Vice President Morris, of the council, ap pointed a committee to prepare resolu tions. These recommendations will first be circulated for endorsement among every union affiliated with the Central Council In Tacoma. With this support, the council will be in a posi tion to press Its demands. The Central Council already is on record as favoring an amendment to the city charter for an Increase In the tax levy. It was pointed out that the city was much smaller when the pres ent charter was adopted and rapid civic development necessitates an Immediate change. Many clty employes are now receiv ing less tha'n the proper standard of wages and these will remain underpaid unless quick action Is taken. HOOD SHRINERS COMING Two Prospective Xeoplijtes Will Be Offered as Sacrifice on Hot Sands. HOOP RIVEK. Or, Jan. 19. (Spe- rlaL Headed by Chief of Police J. K. Carson. the following Hood River Shrlners will make a pilgrimage to Portland Monday to greet Imperial Po tentate Ovenshlre: Dr. B. D. Kanaga. Dr. H. L. Dumble. A. 1). Moe. W. F. .araway. A. G. Lewis. Truman Butler, Walter Walters, Glen Nlles, C. K. Mar shall. C. H. Castner. A. Canfield. Com modore O. C Dean, W. L. Clark. Myron 8. Smith. H. T. DeWltt. M. M. Hill, W. K. Sherman. W. A. Schaffner, H. H. Lark In. C. P. Sonntchsen, P. S. David son and C. G. Cornelius. The local men will be provided with two prospective neophyte K. W. Buff and Al W. Peters who will be offered as a sacrifice on the hot sands. Projrreas of the War. Tbe long-swaited convening of the constituent assembly has apparently precipitated a fresh crisis In Russian affairs, with renewed disorders aa the consequence of a struggle for control In the capital Indicated as a possi bility The Bolshevikl evidently are not tak ing kindly to the legislative body, in which the very first vote of the open ing session on Friday revealed a de cided anti-Bolshevik majority, which easily elected Its candidate for chair man. !I4 to 131. and this without the help of the constitutional democrats, who were not present. The Bolshevikl anl their s'lonorters. the extreme mo- RAIL WAGE BOARD TO MEET Demands of Four Brotherhoods Will Be Considered First. WASHINGTON. Jan. Director General McAdoo's newly-appointed rair road wage commission, headed by Sec retary Lane, will meet Monday to take up labor questions pending before the railroad administration. Secretary Lane said today that the wage demands of the four lesding rail road brotherhoods would be heard first and that later consideration would be given to other definite wage requests. Most sesstous will be public and the scope of the Investigation 'U depend largely on developments. Banks Elect Officers. nvTmlU Wash Jan. 1. (Spe cial.) The Cltlsens' Bank of Tenino has eleected the following officers: 8. M Peterson, president: H. K. Barclay. .i..,..M,nt' I. H. Hubbard, cashier and manager, and George S. Mayes. 11. J. Keithahn and Oscar F. Neuerberg. directors. The deposits or tne oana in 117 Increased from Xja.owo to iv.uuu. The Little Falls State Bank, of Vader. has re-elected the following officers: Dr. R. H. Campbell, president; Charles iMeri.l vlc-e-Dresident: A. N. Cheney, ....hi. Onn I j u a-h 1 1 n. assistant cash ier, and Frank Koonts and J .T. Lau gu ll n. directors. H) IS ASKED 10 SEND TONNAGE Federal Director of Railroads Now Has Full Statement of Northwest Situation. USELESS HAUL? OPPOSED Possibilities of Ocean Traffic From Columbia River Clearly Set Forth In Memorandum Prepared by Senator After Conference. vn.uv.iiA.i ii o iir.AL, it ald ington, Jan. 1 Secretary McAdoo now has before him In writing an outline of what can and should be done by the Federal director of railroads to clarify the transportation situation In the Vn.tk. - . ..11 .!!.. ... . . w ..... to ... vaiciiu A 1441 I If n UIIIUII .v Portland and Astoria and relieve con gestion that now prevails at Puget Sound and San Francisco. This mem orandum was prepared Jointly by Sena tor McNary and Mr. McAdoo's represen tatives, during two days of conference. To handle ocean traffic from the Co lumbia River It is proposed thst the Shipping Board assign to the Columbia adequate ocean tonnage to handle trans-Pacific freight delivered at Port land ana Astoria as wen as ireignt tor as brartlrjibl. asMfirninir to this service new steamers being built for the Ship ping tsoara in urcgon ana omcr Colum bia River yards. Once the ocean ton nage is provided, the Secretary Is urged rigidly to enforce an embargo against consignees, particularly ship brokers. who have refused to accept carload shipments tendered for t from Columbia River ports. it runner is suggested tnat tne rati. ini.l. a Ik. V.irt h.-t Kj HlrerlpH In cut out all useless hauls, abandon com petitive practices and make tbe fullest utilisation of the water grade down the Columbia, bearing in mind the freight-handling facilities at Portland and Astoria. The memorandum points out that over 5000 cars of freight are today held in I'uget aouim pons, oom luweu mm unloaded, and over 15.000 tons piled up at San Francisco, while tnere is practically no congestion at roruanu or Astoria. Tkl. n. a m nr.nn FV, WHS flimlfthed Secretary McAddo at his request and Is to be eupplementea Dy turiner um showing facilities at Columbia River ports. As soon as the Secretary can find time to take up mis niancr formal order Is looked for which will ...i.n ..oHiiiflt the routing of freight to the North Pacific seaboard. RESULTS VINDICATE ORDER (Continued From First Page.) through a large number of plants In all parts of the country. The Shipping Board sought and ob tained exemption for lumber mills pro ducing timbers for the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Deliveries of tim ber are far behind the schedule and it was pointed out that If lumber manu facture was stopped ship plants would have to shut down. Coafualoa Cleared l- Many plants which had been noti fied by Government agents that they could continue operation were not per mitted to run by local fuel administra tion officials, who had not received notifications from Washington. This confusion. It was said tonight, had been cleared up and there would not be a similar recurrence. Fuel administration officials expect ed Monday closing would restrict the size of Sunday newspapers and Increase the sue of Monday editions. Adver tisers, they said, probably would ad vertise heavllv on Monday Instead of on Sunday because of the closing of stores on Monday. Employers In many parts of the coun try were reported today willing to pay their workers for the time lost during the enforced holidays. StMXER PAPER PLANT SHUTS Closing Ordered So That Fuel Oil May Be Saved. TACOMA, Wash.. Jan. 19. (Special.) The first order to affect this district under the fuel conservation PrKm promulgated by Fuel Administrator Garfield resulted In the closing today of the plant of the Northern Board & Paper Mills at Sumner. The order received by Manager S. Steel, of the Sumner plant, "quired that It cease operation from 7 A. AL Saturday until 7 A. M. Monday. The Sumner concern uses oil for fuel. Whether the employes will be paid for time off has not been decided. The Sumner plant employs 76 men and IS women. Change or Service Opposed. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash ington. Jan. 19. Representative Haw ley has received a telegra.a from pat rons of rural route No. 1. from Barton, protesting against the proposal of the Postofftce Department to discontinue the route on January 1. 1918, and serve the patrons from Boring. He has re- T - j . iv,i,lh Assistant POSt- :cept carioaa i quesiea 111 ... - transhipment master-General to Ith,hold "P"0"0", tne propsea mi.... letters showing the desires of the pat rons may be received and considered. Alkali Makes Soap Bad for Washing: Hair AAna and Drepared shampoos contain too much alkali, which Is very Injurious, as It dries ths scalp and makes the hair brittle. The best thing to us is Just plain muisified cocoanut oil. for this Is pur and entirely greaseless. It's very cheap and beats the most expensive soaps or anything elaa all to pieces. Ton can . .kis. at t drna- store, and a few ounces will last the whoU family for months. Simply moisten the hair with water and rub It In. about a teaspoonful Is all u rsqulred- It makes aa abund ance of rtch. creamy lather, cleanses . UIhly and rinses out easily. The w.Te dries quickly and evenly, and 1 Irt frssa looking, bright, fluffy, wary " ."..T to handle. Besides it loosens tike Pticls . Scout Patrols Organized. BANKS. Or.. Jan. 1. (Special.) The boys of the public schools have been busy tbe past three weeks organ izing a Boy Scout troop. Three patrols are under way. with Henry Edmond son. Harold Banks and James Turner as patrol leaders). A minstrel show will be given about February 1 for the purpose of raising funds for equip ping the clubrooms. The movement la meeting with favor among the parents and others. D. N. Cochrane, of the High School, will be scout master. Bishop Keator to Speak. ABERDEEN. Wash.. Jan. 19. (Spe cial.) Episcopal ministers from all parts of the Southwest will bo hers Sunday to participate in the consecra tion of St. Andrews' Episcopal Church: the debt on which was recently liqui dated. Bishop Keator, of Tacoma. will officiate, assisted by Archdeacon Hil ton, of Seattle: the Rev. Franklin Hart, of Olympla; Rev. U. M. Frost, of Cen tralla. and Rev. W. 8. Raymond, of Hoqutam. The morning sermon Is to be preached by Bishop Keator. Father Confers Degree on Son. LA GRANDE. Or.. Jan. 1. (Spe cial.) In Masonry a unique Incident took place tonight, when a past grand master conferred the third degree upon hi. son. The ex-head of Oregon Masonry was Ed E. Kiddle and the in itiate was Fred Kiddie, wno last wees completed a course In tho ordnance de partment at the University of Oregon. Immediately after receiving the rank bo left for Portland to enter service. requests for exemption from the regu lation. Most of them made the flat statement that the regulation would be compiled with in fact and In spirit; that manufacturing would be halted, and that merchandise would be kept off the crowded railroads. ,, . .i 1 .. 1 u ....AMraHne with rtauroau w""la'n - ; the fuel administration reported gen erally Improved iransponuiiuu -"""-tions In the eastern part of the coun try. The reports Indicated that the way was rapidly being cleared for the movement of coal for the bunkering of the ships now held up at Atlantic ports and for keeping the country warm. "Improvement was also noted In the Central West, despite the continued zero weather which has been impeding railroad operations. "Reports direct to the Fuel Admin istration showed that coal In transit consigned to or already arrived at tide water points for the bunkering of ships destined to the American forces in Europe and to the nations associated with the United States in the war were today more than sufficient to bunker the ships now In port. Supplies suffi cient to Insure prompt bunkering of vessels for some time to come are en route. chips to Be Baakered. "The United States Fuel Administra tion today made arrangements for the continuance through the usual Sunday holiday tomorrow of the bunkering of vessels destined to the American forces abroad or to the allies in Europe. This will facilitate the handling or coal which has been hurried to tidewater by the Fuel Administration and will turn over to the railroads promptly empty cars to be returned to the mines. "At tbe request of the Fuel Admin istrator to Director-General of Rail roads today placed an embargo on the use of open-top coal cars for shipment of products other than fuel. "The Fuel Administration was notified today that of 30U0 cars of coal moving on railroads to the East. 1000 were con signed to tldewster for bunkering ships and 2000 were on tho way to domestic consumers. "Federal fuel administrators reported that coal was going rapidly Into dis tricts for domestic consumption, par ticularly those sections where the need was greatest." KxemaMea List Grows. It was found necessary to extend the exempion list considerably. The War and Navy Departments found that to keep running plants for which exemp tion already has been obtained many concerns supplying single parts and raw materials will have to remain In full operation. Th N'aw'a nroblem rose quickly In connection with work on destroyers, v- nfrirlsls vigorously are pressing v. - .4. .trover nrosrramme. which bad weather already had delayed lor two weeks. t.. r. v.n t . n unnecessary extension of the exemption list both departments IUUJ .oi'in.i.. - - .1.-4- ...i.ii, t.phnlfDl bureaus lists of plants vital to their building and sup ply programmes. One of the chief concerns of the Army is to prevent any delay to the aircraft nrns-rsmme. wnicn is nisirmuieu Joan of Arc In Portland Victor otmers who have wanted this supremely popular record may ob tain it today. W sug-g-et you act very promptly, s our supply is limited. Yictrolaa and Records CFJohnsonPianoCo. I W- : u MS tJb b-rt- AlAes- su4 Wo Tvse rtwa Mrs. hiith nf Tenino. Survive. a member of the A. O. U. r til 11 UUtls aWl W I s II UU U 'taJB Suits of Approved Quality -rv -r- y-Tk ea . saw y 7l i $2U $ZZ.$V 0 I SHOW for men exceptionally attractive lines of Suits at the above moderate prices. If you need a new Suit for late Winter and early Spring wear, you will be interested in these, for they are correct m model,, , pleasing in fabric, and thorough in workmanship. Men's Suits $15 to $45 Women's Tailored Coats $15 to $30 EARLY RULING ASKED Associated Press Seeks to End News Pirating. w Shingle Mill Heady. RAYMOND, Wash., Jan. 1. Spe cial.) Charles and James Gilchrist, formerlv of Centralis, expect to begin sawing at their new sningie mm Malpee next week. The mill is a model for compact convenience. It has been . . . : i v. at stvm tn economv of power and the health and safety of the employes. The macninery is aii ui i" latest type. All refuse wood will be hnrned in the furnace, wnicn win fed automatically. La Grande Elks Initiate 54. LA GRANDE. Or., Jan. 19. (Special) Tonight was a big night in loage .- in To i:nnil. The Rika held a special meeting to initiate 54 men from Wallowa County. a reception " .i . ih. Wallowa members ana 1VC1I . " ' ' ' ii . t tne tmin bv & committee hud bv C. K. JfcDernara. Ktjr were conferred by Exalted Ruler Nor man Desilet. A Hoover banquet fol lowed. C. F. Buck, Grand Prior, Dies. vvw ORLEANS. La.. Jan. 19. r-h.,i Francis Buck, grand prior, su preme council of the Southern Jurisdic--r s,..,t I h Rite, errand Inspec tor-general for Louisiana and the Ca- 1 A ansl A Y.rnnrn DOT 1 1 1 I.U1IK I GOB from Louisiana, died at his home here totlHV after several weeks' illness as cribed to a general breakdown and age. Resident of Tenino Dead. fENTRALIA. Wash., Jan. 19. (Spe- rinl.4 W. E. Lewis, a resident of Tenl- j .H In . r.niraiia nosDIim joiti dav. Mr. Lewis was 56 years or age and had been a resiaeni oi lenino m Injunctions restraining i 30 years. His wife and two children, tional News Service irora mai prauno vtiuiam n.iii" J " ellta IDenB PLEA MADE TO HIGH COURT Formal Application Made for Expe dition of Decision in Suit Against Hearst Service Continued Violations Alleged. Benton Raises $1500. CORVALLIS. Or., Jan. 19. Special.) Kenton County went over the top again today with the Knights ot Co lumbus drive. This county was ap portioned $1500. The committee this afternon reported mat me loiai ap portionment had been reached. Afrtoria. Guard Increased. . i-TTt t . rtw- .in Is. fSneciaJ.) The authorities hone have doubled the military guards about the mills. wharves and warehouses in mis cny. It Is thought this action was laaen with a view of preventing any aisioyai act by German sympathizers or agents. C W. Fulton Slightly Better. The condition of C. W. Fulton, ex- Cntted States Senator, who has been seriously ill at his home in this city. was reported slightly lmprovea yester day. Mr. Kulton has been confined to his "home since early in November. Red Cross "Melting Pot" Gets 1S4. YAKIMA. Wash.. Jan. 19. (Special.) The Red Cross "melting pot" In this city, to which many cltlsens comriu uted old silver. Jewelry, etc., netted $134 WASHINGTON, Jan. 19. The Su preme Court was today asked to ex pedite the suit brought by the Asso ciated Press to prevent the Interna tional News Service, or Hearst Service, from pirating news from the former organisation. Injunctions restraining; u ...i rcm-mrm Service from that practici . . j v. .. v. 1 nr . r rniirtR. and J'"; u I were granieu uj mo ueceasea was .Dneal was taKen. W. The court was asked today to fix April 15 for hearing arguments. The motion to have the case called for early bearing was concurred In by the As sociated Press. "Until the decision of this court, respondent (the Associated Press) and its members," the Associated Press said in a memorandum filed with the court In support of the motion, "must either submit to irreparable loss in the Juris diction not controlled by the Judgment below or undertake a multitude of cases In other Jurisdictions to enforce Its rights. "In view of the fact that this court has taken up the case by writ of certiorari, courts below will be re luctant to grant injunctions necessary to protect respondents rights until this court has finally determined the question Involved, in cases which com plainant may, as above stated, be re quired to bring In other Jurisdictions. "The violations of complainant s rights have been, still are and will be most serious during ine - ku ... r the erreat expense to which complainant Is put in collect ing the war news anu mo e.-- demand that exists for it. "Only the decision of this court can assure the news Industry of a sound and Indisputable foundation, and de lay of such assurance will cause seriouB injury to the great mass of newspa pers throughout the country." uiHiuiHiHiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiuniimnmn"""""""1" mimiiimiimjj Expert Optical Service Newest Optical Goods Modern Eye-Testing Room Grinding-Room on Premises Broken Lenses correctly dupli- cated I Oculists' Prescriptions accur- ately and promptly filled Free Optical Advice at the dis- posalof our patrons A. & C. Feldenheimer Established Since 1868 Washington St., at Park IfiiiHiiiiniiuiiiiiunHinniniHuniiiHinHiiHiimnnHiTiinniHinimininiiiiiiiiuiiiil Mother!' Ifyour Child's Tongue is Coated. . If Cross, Feverish, Constipated, Bilious, and the Stomach out of Order, jive "California Syrup ofFiJ."' 4 i - tnov fivi a bilious child ,rr... PhflHren simnlv will not take the time from play to empty their bow els, which become clogged up with waste: then the liver grows sluggish, and the stomach is disordered. Look at the tongue, mother! If coat ed, or your child is listless, cross, fever iBh. with tainted breath, restless. doesn't eat heartily, or has a cold, sore throat, or any otner cniiarens aumeui. give a teaspoonful of "California byrup of Figs." then don't worry, because It Is a perfectly harmless dose, ana in a few hours all this constipation-poison. sour bile and fermenting wasta-matter will gently move out of the bowels, and 1 you will have a healthy, playful child again. A thorough "inside cleansing" is ofttimes all that Is necessary. It should be the first treatment given iu any sickness. Beware of counterfeit fig syrups. Ask your druggist for a bottle of genuino "California Syrup of Figs and Elixir of Senna," made by the California Flr Syrup Co., which has full directions for babies, children of all ages and for grown-ups plainly printed on the bot tle. Adv. - ' - " v.' ".--.' J ma nerGraLHd To Darken Her Halt fully Grandmother kept her hair beauti- darkened, glossy ana attractive with a brew of Sage Tea and ouipnur. Whenever her hair took on that dull, faded or streaked appearance, this sim ple mixture was applied with wonder ful effect. By asking at any drug store for "Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur Compound" you will get a large bottle of this old-time recipe. Improved by the addition of other ingredients, all ready to use, at very little cost. This sim ple mixture can be depended upon to restore natural color and beauty to the hair. A well-known downtown druggist pays everybody uses Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur Compound now because It darkens so naturally and evenly that nobobdy can tell it has been applied it's so easy to use. too. You simply dampen a comb or soft brush and draw it through your hair, taking one strand at a time. By morning the gray hair disappears; after another application or two it is restored to its natural color and looks glossy, soft and beautiful. This preparation is a delightful toilet requisite. It "is not Intended for the cure, mitigation, or prevention of dla , ease, 104.2