The Sunday Oregonian., July 01, 1917, SECTION FIVE, Page 3, Image 63

GAixmsTpiyr
JSJLL,IES
(Copyright, 1917, toy Prank G. Carpen
ter.) GALVESTON. Tex. Away down
here on the Gulf ot Mexico,
several hundred miles weet of the
mouth of the Mississippi and in about
the same latitude as Cairo, in Egypt,
lies a little island which has become
cf great importance on account of the
war. The island Is a spit of sand
three miles wide and a little more
than 30 miles long. Tou could walk
across it in an hour and from one end
to the other in a day. It lies close to
the shore, and in one place so near that
a causeway, over which the trains so
in three minutes, connects it with the
mainland of Texas. The island lies at
the mouth of a great bay almost half
as large as the state of Rhode Island.
It guards the entrance and thereby
furnishes a harbor from which will
go out vast quantities of goods to our
allies in Europe.
This island is Galveston Island, and
the harbor is the chief export point for
the vast shipments of cotton which.
win De sent aoroaa to ieed the textile
factories of England and France and
to supply the munition plants of those
countries. The modern soldier is large
ly clad in cotton; and it takes, it is said,
one whole bale of 500 pounds, turned
into explosives, to fire a big gun. Last
year Galveston shipped between two
and three million bales of cotton and
more than half of that went to Eng
land. Notwithstanding the submarines,
the staple has gone forth in a steady
and unbroken stream. Vessel after
vessel, each carrying from five to ten
thousand bales, has crossed the Gulf
of Mexico and made its way over the
Atlantic to its port of destination. The
value of such cotton sent abroad last
year amounted all told to over $183,
000.000, and of that more than $40;
000,000 worth has gone to Italy and
France.
Just now the business of the port is
somewhat restricted on account of the
war, but when the season is on there
will be 20 arrivals and departures of
steamers a day. The wharves will be
covered with cotton bales and hundreds
of men will be packing them so tight
into the holds of the steamers that
upon starting out each will be a solid
mass of cotton. The cotton comes to
Galveston on a half dozen trunk lines,
which meet at the causeway. It crosses
from there to some of the largest cot
ton warehouses of the world ware
houses which cover a ground space of
30 or 40 acres and which during the
most of the year are piled high with
cotton. These warehouses are known
as cotton presses. They can store upward-
of 100,000 bales at a time, and a
white stream of these fibers moves in
and out of them all the year round.
The most of these bales come from
the cotton fields of Texas, which pro
duce more of this staple than any other
state of the Union. The cotton has
been gathered on the farms, run
through the gins and packed tip in
great bales which are pressed on the
plantations. After it reaches Galveston
the bales are again pressed in the
warehouses. They go through high
density machines which squeeze the
white lint together into slabs as hard
as iron two feet square and five feet
in length. They are now about half as
large as when they came in, and will
take that much less room in the steam
ers. They are taken down to the
wharves by rail, or on motor trucks
and mule drays, and in some cases
upon long pulley conveyors by means
of which one mule can haul a large
number of bales.
The loading of the steamers is done
by skilled men, negroes who receive as
much as $50 a week during the season.
They use great screws to squeeze the
bales into place and the packing is so
carefully done that a single large ves
sel may carry i much as 20,000 bales.
That means 10,000,000 pounds of cotton,
or enough to make a cotton shirt for
every soldier now fighting our battle
in Europe and leave some to spare. I
know this is not an overestimate, for
I have just weighed one of my own
cotton shirts to find out. The scales
kicked the beam at eight ounces.
Galveston Is not only the chief cotton
port of the world, but it is also the
grain chute of the Southwest. We do
not look upon this part of the United
States as a grain-raising center, but it
is fast becoming so and with diversi
fied farming it is bound to be more
and more one of the biggest bread
baskets of the North American conti
nent. Texas alone is now raising 20,
000,000 bushels of wheat every year,
and last year something like 50,000.000
bushels were shipped out of Galveston.
The grain comes in also from Kansas.
Nebraska. Oklahoma and states farther
west, and it goes out across the Gulf
of Mexico and up through the Atlantic
to Europe. Of the shipments last year
more than half went to England and
about one-sixth to Italy and France.
During the coming season such exports
will be rushed and a large part of our
foreign food supply will be sent out
from here. Last year Galveston had a
eagoing trade worth more than a
quarter of a billion dollars and. the
bulk went to our allies.
In addition to wheat and cotton the
Bay of Galveston is fast becoming an
export point for lumber and iron. On
other sides of the bay are the two
ports of Texas City and Bolivar. Texas
City is six miles from Galveston, on the
mainland of Texas, and Bolivar, on the
opposite side of the bay, is about four
miles from Galveston. Bolivar is now
shipping quantities of lumber, and
many of the wooden ships that will be
built to carry the overseas trade will
get their lumber from here. It is also
the port for the shipment of the iron
ore of this region, and it has the latest
arrangement for handling such cargo.
All of these three ports, as well as
Houston, are in a certain sense trlbu
tary to Galveston Bay. Houston, al
though it is 60 miles inland, has
ship canal which it proposes to widen
and deepen so that the largest of the
ocean steamers can eventually make
their way to its wharves. It will thus
Joe seen that wo have four Important
i .
-is Tr- . - - -- J
jFU ITS shipments to our
IN EUROPE.
shipping centers which meet at the
channel which forms the entrance to
Galveston Bay. They lie at the mouth
of the great agricultural funnel of the
Southwestern states, forming the key
to the exports of this part of our coun
try. From this it will be seen how Impor
tant it is that this waterway be kept
open and its facilities Increased in this
time of war. The Government has al-
ready spent something like $30,000,000
on Galveston and its approaches, and
at the last session of Congress $5,000,
000 was appropriated to extend the sea
wall and make other improvements.
Additional land is to be reclaimed from'
the sea, and the Government w ' soon
have 1000 acres on each side ot the
channel near the entrance to Galveston
Harbor, with ample room for fortifica
tions and other establishments along
the lines of preparedness. The plans of
the future include the deepening of the
channel to 35 feet, and also fuel oil
supply tanks built so far inland that
vessels of the enemy, should they ever
enter the Gulf, could not reach them
with their big guns.
The harbor Is well frtlfled now.
There are three forts protecting its en
trance and their big guns command the
water far out at sea. It would not be
wise to mention the armament, but it
includes the most effective of coast de
fense weapons and the harbor is prob
ably well protected by mines.
During my stay I have gone about
the harbor on one of the Government
vessels and have visited a large part of
the bay. I have also passed through
the jetties out to the Gulf. The port is
one of the most Interesting in the
United States. It had its beginning in
the building of the Jetties at the mouth
of the Mississippi by Captain James B.
Eads many years ago. At the mouth of
Galveston Bay were large sandbars,
hut the entrance was so narrow that
these were affected by the tides as they
moved in and out, and it was thought
that if the channel could be narrowed
they could make the force of the tides
gouge out the bars and make a deep
opening into the bay. This, you know,
is the principle on which the Missis
sippi is kept open, the waters of the
river rushing with great force through
a narrow channel and carrying the silt
out into the Gulf.
Captain Eads came to Galveston with
a view to taking the contract to make
a deep-water port, on the basis of no
water, no pay. He examined the chan-
Growing broilers is an Impor
tant part of economical manage
ment. The d-emand for them en
ables the poultryman to dispose
of surplus males at much greater
profit than would be the case
were they kept to roaster age.
This gives the pullets more room
and the poultryman a quick re
turn, enabling htm to operate at
much reduced costs during the
Summer by reason of having
fewer cockerels to raise. If the
poultryman is wideawake he will
also raise a flock of broilers in
the late fall when his equipment
would otherwise be idle.
BT J. RAYMOND KESSLER,
Practical Poultryman.
r
N growing broilers for market the
most Important point is to have the
chicks in good flesh, especially
plump of breast. If the birds are not
In good flesh at broiler size, it is far
better to let them develop into roasters,
for thin broilers are not wanted at
any price.
To obtain plump broilers the poul
tryman must consider two things;
first, the chicks and their breeding,
and then feeding, chicks for this pur
pose must be sturdy little fellows if
they are to make tho rapid healthy
growth so necessary to profit In broil
ers. That the stock be of good blood
lines is also Important, for mongrels
seldom make the gains that chicks from
pure-bred stock will. The mongrel
makes only a 50 per cent use of the
available nutrition, while the well-bred
animal makes a hundred per cent use
of the feed. This fact Is recognized
by feeders of beef cattle and hogs, and
will be found equally true in the case
of poultry.
The general purpose breeds are best
for broiler production, though for the
smaller sizes of broilers the egg breeds
are considered quite worth while.
Feeding is the most important, for
even breeding will avail nothing if the
feeding is lacking. Not only must the
poultryman produce a carcass of a
given weight, but the carcass must
be plump and meaty. Fattening broil
ers in the manner roasters and fowls
are treated has never proved very suc
cessful, and it is rarely attempted. If
the chicks have been properly fed and
cared for they should be In good con
dition at the broiler size. This careful
attention must begin with the first
feeding and continue until the birds are
marketed.
Young Broilers' First Feed.
For the first feed a mixture of equal
parts rolled oats and stale bread
crumbs, mixed with finely ground
hard-boiled eggs is good. This should
be mixed in the proportion of one egg
to six times the bulk of the rolled
oats and bread-crumb mixture. It is
well to add a little fine grit when
feeding. The mixture should be fed
five times a day for the first three
days, after that chick feed may be
allowed twice a day and the egg mix
ture three times a day. Feed only
what the chicks eat up clean.
Dry wheat bran kept before the
chicks In small troughs ail the time
2 Coiroj.
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, JULY 1, 1917.
Cotton
&y JFIratstk. G-. CJati&eivt'jzr .
nel and offered to bring about this re-
suit for the sum of $7,500,000. For this
sum he was to make a channel 30 feet
deep, and it was to be based upon the
same conditions as those which pre
vailed at the mouth of the Mississippi.
This matter was brought before Con
gress, but the bill failed, and it was
not until some years later that it was
taken up and the Jetties made.
Since then the channel has been deep
ened and the jetties improved, until
now two great arms of granite blocks
reach in from the Gulf, protecting the
harbor and forming a pipe, as it were,
through which the 300,000 acres of wa
ter in Galveston Bay move in and out
from the Gulf of Mexico at the times of
the tides. The water goes with such
force that it scours clean the channel
and keeps It of an even depth. One
arm of these Jetties is seven miles long
and the other is five miles. The width
of the channel at the mouth is about
one mile and a half and the walls of
granite thoroughly protect the en
trance. As I rode along these Jetties I was
surprised at their massive construction.
They are not like the jetties at New
Orleans, which consist of mats or rafts
of woven poles so sunken at the sides
of the channel that they have caught
the earth and have been built up into
walls. The Jetties of Galveston are
walls made of great chunks or blocks
of, granite dumped down one on top
of the other until they have formed
huge rock embankments, which hold
back the water. Many of the blocks
weigh 10 or 12 tons each. There are
thousands of these rocks, for the Jetties
are 20 or 80 feet wide at the top. Nev
ertheless, at the time of the great storm
in 1900 many of these mighty blocks
were lifted up by the sea and moved
for some distance.
Sailing In through the Jetties, you
enter the channel that leads to Gal
veston harbor. It is Just about an hour
from the deep water of the Gulf of
Mexico to the wharves. You leave the
Jetties and pass the quarantine sta
tion, which is on & little island at the
side of the channel, and then go on to
the port, which is formed by Galves
ton, on the one side, and Pelican Island,
just opposite. Pelican Island belongs
to the city, and it will eventually be
developed as a part of the port. It
has a waterfront almost equal to that
will be found a great help to growth.
Hoppers of chick-size grit, oyster
shells and charcoal should be placea
before the chicks after they are two
weeks old, but it is not advisable to
allow an unlimited supply before that
time, as very young chicks are as likely
to fill up on grit as on feed.
After the chicks are three weeks old
the egg mixture should be gradually
displaced by the following mash:
Twenty pounds wheat bran, 40 pounds
cornmeal. 10 pounds rolled oats, 10
pounds alfalfa meal. 20 pounds mid
dlings, 10 pounds linseed meal, 20
pounds beef scraps. This should be
moistened with water or milk to make
a crumbly mash, and should be fed
twice a day in such quantities as the
birds will eat up quickly. The grain
should be fed three times a day.
At four weeks of age a larger size
of grain than chick feed will be needed.
A growing feed grain mixture is good
at this time. It is well at this age
to replace the troughs of dry wheat
bran with hoppers of dry mash of the
same mixture as is fed wet. This
plan of feeding both dry and wet mash
helps greatly In making the desired
plump carcass.
After the first week a dally supply
of green food is absolutely necessary.
Lettuce, grass clippings, sprouted oats
it, "sssfc.-.- r r. m o.'-v ! a.wv-' , "N
BOSE-COMB WHITE LEGHORNS
THE best-known fowl In America
today is the White Leghorn. It is
the egg machine of the poultry
family, and as such it is highly es
teemed. Many individuals and flocks
have established enviable records for
egg production. Whenever a new farm
is started on a commercial basis the
owner invariably stocks It with White
Leghorns, especially If near the New
York market.
' In certain sections, however. It Is dif
ficult to prevent large single combs
from, freezing, and In these northern
PortIS
m "w sr
1 r
of Galveston proper. Between
the Galveston docks there is a chan
nel 14CM feet wide, where the water
is as quiet as a mill pond.
On the Galveston side of the channel
is a continuous line of concrete ware
houses, elevators and wharves several
miles long, with slips or great arms
of water running back into the land.
The warehouses face the slips, and
they enable three large steamers to
anchor on each side, and in addition is
the space at the front. As it is, 90
large vessels can be handled at the
wharves of Galveston at the same time.
The whole waterfront, including the
slips, has a length of more than five
miles. i
. The famous sea wall which now cov
ers the entire frontage of the city
facing the gulf is to be extended out
to the jetties. It will go as far a?
Fort Jacinto and will then ba five or
six miles In length. The work will be
begun within a few months and pushed
to a speedy completion.
During my stay here I have been
stopping at the Hotel Galvez, facing
this wall. I have walked miles back
and forth over it and have motored
along the wide brick boulevard which
has been built just behind it. I have
also taken an automobile and speeded
for miles along the beach at low tide.
Galveston is the chief bathing resort
of the Southwest and the beach is one
of the finest in the United States. It is
frequently the scene of automobile
races. When the tide is out you have
a stretch of 30 miles of solid white
sand and the machines go flying along
in full sight of the ocean. The slope of
the beach is so gradual that you can
waded far out from the shore. The
bathing season begins early and lasts
until late in the Fall.
Just back of this beach, protecting
Galveston from the sea, is the sea wall
which forms the promenade of the peo
pie. It is somewhat like the Boardwalk
at Atlantic City. The walk here, how
ever, is upon the concrete top of the
wall or the wide road paved with
brick and lined with beautiful lawns,
which runs just behind it. The place
is ideal as a Summer resort and hun
dreds of thousands come here during
the season to enjoy the air and the
bathing.
The sea wall Is one of the wonders
of municipal creation. Mechanically it
and mangels are good. Green
feeds
act as a tonlo and appetizer.
There are three sizes of dressed
broilers demanded by most markets
1 pounds, y pounds and two pounds
and all birds should weigh as near
Poultrymen often lose oppor
tunities by neglecting convenient
side lines. The keeping of bees
and the culture of fruit may be
combined with fowls to a great
advantage. This is the subject
of next week's article.
these weights as possible. However,
It is best to Inquire about this before
killing.
The majority of hotels and cafes ob
ject to birds running above the weight
specified. If a hotel orders a hundred
1H -pound broilers, which would weigh
125 pounds, it does not expect to re
ceive and be charged for 135 pounds
just because the birds have averaged
a little over weight. The extra 10
pounds are added cost which cannot
be recovered, as the broilers are served
In portions of half a bird to each order
parts the Rose Comb White Leghorn is
valued and used. The rose comb is
not so easily affected by frost, there
fore a more uniform production of
eggs in Winter is assured.
In every way the Rose Comb White
Leghorn is like its single-comb sister
in size, shape, color and characteris
tics of large production of eggs, fer
tility, hatchability, quick growth and
early maturity. It was undoubtedly
created by crossing White Hamburgs
with Single Comb White Leghorns.
Nothing of the egg-laying characteris
tics was' lost, as both parents are rat
ed as exceptional layers.
5 3?'' ;i t . .rr'.. ,Ti ... I
Is a mass of solid concrete reinforced
with steel rods embedded in a founda
tion of cypref.s piles, which have been
driven down 60 feet into the clay un
der the ocean. The wall rises from
this foundation to a height of 17 feet
above the waves at low tide, and it
curves inward, so that it throws back
the waves in a great curtainlike spray
as they dash against it in times of
storm. In front of this wall is an
apron of huge granite blocks which
break the waves as they come In, rob
bing the ordinary high tide of Its
force.
The wall Is 17 feet wide at the base
and it contains so much material that
if it could be loaded into boxcars the
train required to haul it would be as
long as the distance between Philadel
phia and Baltimore. The workmanship
is suck that the whole wall looks like
a mass of solid white stone, firm
enough to outlast the ages.
This sea wall was but little Injured
by the storm of 1915, which tore out
the ends of the causeway connecting
Galveston island, with the mainland.
The causeway Itself cost more than
$2,000,000 and It will take another
million and a half to make it ao. that
it will be absolutely safe against the I flooded the city, drowned one-fourth
storms of the future. Today the I or more of its inhabitants and ground
breaks have been repaired by piles, some of Its homes to pebbles and match
forming a trestle which connects the I wood. It absolutely destroyed more
mainland and the remaining sections I than 4000 buildings and from 8000 to
of concrete: and the trains cross to the 10,000 people. Twenty million dollars'
Island upon this track, which is half worth of property was wiped out by
and the price muse necessarily be the
same.
Even when the birds are purchased
by the pair, at & given price per pair,
there is objection to overweight on ac
count of the larger portions made by
the overweight birds. The larger por
tions make the portions from the proper
weight broilers look small when served,
thus causing complaint from patrons.
The dealer is obliged to object to over
weight, and it is -well for the poultry
man to understand the reason. In order
to have the dressed birds of the proper
weight they should be carefully selected
before killing. A quarter of a pound
for loss in dressing is about right.
No feed should be in the crop when
the bird is killed. It is harmful to the
keeping qualities and detracts from the
appearance of the carcass, thereby low
ering the price. The best way to stop
feeding before killing with as little
worry among the chicks as possible, is
to feed the night before and then allow
nothing the morning they are to be
killed. The chicks then have empty
crops without fretting off flesh, as is
the case where they are left all day
without food.
Dry Picking; for Fine Appearance.
Dry picking is the only proper way
to pick broilers, and. in fact, any fowl
for market. Scalded birds bring very
poor prices and are rarely seen in the
large markets. In dry picking every
thing depends upon proper sticking.
Improper sticking will make the feath
ers hard to pull, cause torn flesh and
make the work slower than necessary.
Proper bleeding is Important, too. be
cause if the bird Is not bleeding freely
when picking is begun, there will be a
red mark left where each feather is
pulled, which cooling and washing will
not remove.
When sticking, hold the bird's head
In the palm, of the left haiftl with the
back of the head against the hand.
Open the bill. and hold it open by in
serting the thumb of the left hand in
the corner of the mouth. Then, with
the killing knife in the right hand, in
sert the point of the blade In the cleft
In the roof of the mouth, and push up
ward and backward into the base of
the brain, giving the knife a twist be
fore removing. When this Is properly
done the bird will give a jump and
quiver all over. The bird is then un
conscious and can feel no pain. After
sticking, the jugular vein should be
cut by working the knife back and
forth in the throat at the back of the
skull until the flood flows freely.
The heavy wing and tall feathers
should be removed first. Then the leg,
fluff, breast, wing and neck feathers
should be picked in the order named.
The bird may then be turned and the
back feathers picked. Care should be
taken not to tear the skin.
The quickest way to remove the pin
feathers is with a dull paring knife,
grasping the feathers between the
thumb and knife blade. Scraping with
the knife will discolor the skin of the
carcass.
After picking, the birds should be
placed in tubs of cold water to cooL A
few hours' cooling Is sufficient, as
soaking too long is likely to toughen
the flesh. When removed the birds'
feet should he scrubbed and all blood
removed from their mouths. After that
they should be hung heads down, to
drain. All birds should be thoroughly
dry before being packed.
For local shipment and Immediate
use the broilers may be packed in bar
rels with a burlap cover. When in
tended for storage purposes it is best
to pack them in boxes of standard hize
holding one or two dozen, with each
bird wrapped in paraffin paper and
the box lined with same.
wood and half stone. The hurricane oi
two years ago left a track like that of
an earthquake. Great sections of stone
balustrade He half drowned In the sea
and some of the remains remind me of
the ruins of Baalbek.
The building of the great wall and
the causeway was accompanied by the
raising of the city of Galveston. Tou
remember the story of toe storm of
September, 1900. Before that Galveston
was the richest city of the Southwest,
and It was a common saying that you
could not start a peanut stand any
where in Texas without consulting the
capitalists of Galveston. The town
had 30,000 or 40,000 people and million
aires were thicker than the bales of
cotton now on the wharves. The place
was noted for its beautiful homes and
fine business section.
Then out of the Caribbean Sea, some
where in the vicinity of Martinique
Island, sprang up a cloud no bigger
than the hand of a man, and with it a
hurricane which crossed over the Amer
ican Mediterranean, as that sea is
called, and entered the Gulf of Mexico.
It gathered speed as it flew, and it was
hurled upon Galveston while traveling
at the rate of 120 miles an hour. As
it neared the island It plunged into the
sea and rolled up the waters of the
gulf, making a great tidal wave that
GOVERNMENT MAKES AN APPEAL
TO CONSERVE ALL FOOD POSSIBLE
Secretary of Agriculture Urges Every Household to Can and Dry Surplus
Fruits and Vegetables.
WASHINGTON, June SO. TEvery
housewife this year should re
store to her home the often
overlooked home Industries of canning,
preserving, pickling and drying of per
ishable fruits or vegetables, said
David F. Houston, Secretary of Agri
culture, recently. "The large number
of new back-yard gardens which have
been planted this year shortly will be
gin to yield their extra harvest of
beans, peas, carrots, beets, sweet corn
and tomatoes. The regular supplies
also will reach the market, and. as
happens each Summer, the local supply
at times will exceed Immediate con
sumptive capacity. Not to conserve
much of this surplusage of valuable
food would be sinful waste.
Food Should Be Stored
The present food and labor situa
tions are such that no household is
justified In looking to others to release
it wholly from individual responsibility
and constructive action In saving and
conserving food. All any home should
expect of others is to supply those
foods which cannot be produced effec
tively by Its own members. The rail
roads will be burdened with the trans
portation of staple foods and civil and
military necessaries from localities of
production and manufacture to dis
tricts Incapable of supplying their own
needs. It follows that all locally pro
duced foods, conserved by home meth
ods, lessen the Winter pressure on
transportation agencies and also re
lease similar products of factories for
other purposes.
All Snrplms to Be Kept. -
T urge every household, therefore,
to can all surplus perishable products
for which they have containers and to
dry and keep In paper any additional
surplus suitable for such preservation.
"Canning calls for no special skill
and for little equipment beyond a wash
boiler and jars. Fresh products, clean
liness and heat are the chief require
ments, as even sugar is not essential
for canning fruits under modern pro
cedure. Fruits and vegetables, more
over, can be dried efficiently in the
sun, over a range or gas stove, or be
fore an electric fan. Homemade shal
low trays of wood or heavy wire screen
are the chief equipment required. Dry
ing is a time-tried home Industry; con
servation of food by drying is largely
a matter of restoring to the home
great-grandmother's method of seeing
that her family had good food in Win
ter as a relief from a monotonous diet
of root vegetables. Canning and dry
ing can be practiced as effectively in
a city house or apartment as on a
farm or in a suburban dwelling.
Information Will Be Sent.
"Canning, of course, already is a
profitable Industry for women and
children in thousands of homes and I
trust will become almost universal this
season. To aid the home conservation
movement, the Department of Agricul
ture has Issued a new farmers bulletin
on home canning and another on home
drying of fruits and vegetables. These
Xree pamphlets should be read and
the wind and the flood and tn people
were so frightened that about 10,000
of those remainlr.g left the Island for
good.
Then came one of the -Wonders of
clvio spirit and municipal creation
which have been associated with Gal-,
veston from that time to this. Tho
small population left came together
and decided not only to rebuild tho
drowned city, but to raise It up so high,
that it would be out of danger from
similar attacks In the futJre. They
hired the best civil engineers of the
country to advise them and give them
the plana. They bonded themselves for
more than $2,000,000 and later got Con
gress to help them. They put a great
canal through the island and brought
In sand from the sea. They raised tho
houses upon stilts and put new foun
dations beneath them. The whole town
was raised. It lifted Itself up by its
boot-straps, as it were, to from six to
18 feet above the old level, and filled
in the space below, so that today you
coulu not tell that it is not built upon
virgin eoiL
At the same time the great wall u
constructed to keep out the ocean. New
wharves and docks were erected and
today Galveston is larger, stronger,
better and more beautiful than ever
before. It is a city of wide streets,
with long lines of palms running
through them and cement driveways on
each side. It has magnificent homes,
an up-to-date business section, and
public buildings and cchoolhouses which
would be a credit to any Northern city
of three times its size.
followed in every household which
wishes to translate patriotic impulse
into concrete service."
PROFESSOR GOES TO WAR
Woman From Yassar Becomes In
structor at University.
BERKELEY. CaL, June 2S. Already
an instance of a woman's replacing a
man who has gone to the war has
occurred In the University of California
faculty.
Roswell G. Ham will not be a mem
ber ot the Summer session faculty,
since he has started for France as a
member of the ambulance unit orga
nized by the intercollegiate intelligence
bureau. In his place, as a member of
the Summer session faculty. Dean Wal
ter Morris Hart hao appointed Misa
Jane Gay Dodge. Instructor In English,
in Vassar College. Miss Dodge will leo
ture twioe dally throughout the Sum
mer session, from June 25 to August
4. on the history of English literature.
"Automobile Construction" has been
announced as the subject of a new
course in the approaching Summer ses
sion of the University of California at
Berkeley from June 26 to August 4. in
order that owners and drivers of au
tomobiles may acquaint themselves
with the Inner- workings of the ma
chine and acquire skill in maintenance
and repair.
Pastor Begins Jail Sentence.
CHICAGO, June 14. Rev. Herbert
Lewis Smith has begun serving a year's
imprisonment imposed after conviction
of stealing men's clothing and hats '
from retail stores. Smith said he was
a graduate of the University of Michi
gan in the class of 1909. and that he
had been accepted as an Army chaplain.
He came here from Idaho.
Convict Shot to Death.
M'ALESTER. Okla.. June 20. Everett
P. Mason, sentenced to 25 years im
prisonment for a bank robbery at
Francis. Okla., was shot and killed
when he attempted to escape from a
cotton-hoeing gang at the state peni
tentiary. He was recaptured after an
attempted escape last FalL
Coefsat LICE FIX
On LICE POWDER
' Csstcxt LICE LIQUID rj
uwesn iiuuiLiuvininuii r
Kid birds end poultry houses 1 1
t of vitality suckino Msta. t
Prlwes I0. 25. 50. ti.00 I j
- At Ton Dealer. U
New Shipment Just Received.
Second St Bet. Alder and Morris om.