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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 10, 1917)
SECTION FIVE . Pages 1 to 12 Women's Section Special Features VOL. XXXrI. PORTLAND, OREGON, SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 10, 1917. NO. 23. Liberty Loan Bonds Will Be Accepted at' This Store at Any Time in Payment for Merchandise the Same as Cash BENJAMIN FRANKLIN PORTRAYED IN ESSAY AS REAL WINNER OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR Hazel Pearcy, of Lincoln High School,' Portland, Wins Prize Given ' by Sons of American Revolution Franklin ' Shown as Man of Original Thought and of Constructive Policies. This g75.QO Four-Piece William and Mary Library Suite In Art Tapestry or Spanish Leatherette 1 t- J?.T ii niq w 'V1-- Tt 8 Very Special Easy Credit Terms It Is a Wonderful Suite for the Price Think of a mite built of solid oak In the genuine William and Mary design and up holstered In either Spanish leatherette or art tapestry at $66.76. Every piece is built In a manner that makes loose Joints almost im possible that assures your money's worth In rears or service as well as beauty. The fin sh is a deep Jacobean one appropriate Indeed to this design. This splendid suite nearly completes the entire furnishings for your whole living room. Furniture Like This Lends Tone to Your Home A chair Is merely a chair something? to help fill up a room until it Is built of fine wood or upholstered in artistic fabric then it becomes a factor in our lives one of the thing's which contributes charm to the home. You are very welcome to credit on this suite at this special price. A small payment down, then a little each week gives you the use of the suite while paying for it. We Charge No Interest yictrola IV Beach Outfit $ 1 8.45 Here Is a Vlctrola outfit that will make your trip to the beach this season much more enjoyable. The outfit con sists of: TICTROI.A IV, THREE TEX-INCH DOFBLE FACED RECORDS (SIX SELECTION'S.) SOO XEEDL.ES, OJCE RECORD CLEANER, ' ONE ALBUM. Tou are welome to credit on this splendid beach outfit. Pretty Cedar Chests for the June Bride 34-inch Cedar Chest, cov ered in pretty cretonne, mounted on scroll legs, 7 50 36-inch Red Cedar Chest, trimmed with brass hard- f - A QC ware, excellent pattern, atWlTOU $27.75 Cedar Chest, with tray 42 inches in length. 1Q Qfl very special at J ICiOU 42-lnch Cedar Chest, with two brass-studded strips across top, entirely new j?00 Oft design, at PJJJ Use Your Credit A $20.00 Pattern, With Plank Top, to Sell at $14.85 We consider this Library Table excel lent value, even at the regular price. It is one of the best numbers we show of its grade. It has a thick plank top, legs of very heavy stock, and a lower shelf. The ends are arranged to ac commodate books or magazines. The table Is of excellent finish in fumed or golden quartered oak. Use Your Credit jXillljMllMsT-li J Sale of Trunks, Bags, Suitcases $ 4.35 $ 7.35 $10.35 $12.15 18 -inch Warranted Leather Handbags at... 24-inch Leather Suit cases in brown and mauve colors, heavy leather corners, at...... 36-ln. Three-Ply Veneer Trunk, covered with vulcanized fiber, guar anteed for five years... Three-quarter size Fiber Covered and Fiber Bound Three-Ply Veneer Trunk, five-year guar antee, at. 9x125 AXMINSTER RUGS Specially Priced at $26.85 $1 Cash, $1 Week Two very desirable 1 o t s of 9x12 Axminster Rugs at $26.85 and $28.75. MIKB-Piie Closely Woven Rugs that are . really exceptional values at this price. A good selection of color and designs to choose from. $1.50 Fine Inlaid Lino leum, on Your Floor, at $1.17 DAILY ARRIVALS IX NEW FLOOR COVERINGS. . . Each day something new is added to our already superior stock of floor coverings The recent purchases of our carpet buyer are arriving almost dally. Splendid new rugs and carpets, many patterns of which are shown only at this store. It is of vital interest to you to inspect this new showing before making your purchases, . Eight-Piece Jacobean Dining . Suite With the exception of the chalra, which have a slightly different back design, the suite is as pictured. A splendidly made, well-finished suite that will meet the requirements of the average home. All pieces are built In excellent proportion and match perfectly. The rich Jacobean finish is one of the features of the suite. S9.0O CASH, $2.00 WEEK. Big Bargains w Drapery Goods 65o Colonial Cretonne, distinctive designs for dining-room, living-room and sun parlor, 31 to 36 Inches in width, special, OQ the yard U $1.75 Washable Chenille Table Scarfs, size 25 by 42 Inches. n tfj-f 4Q splendid Oriental 'colorings, very epeclal at wiiAi; $1.75 Nobby Lace Bed Spreads, full size. In white only, the d -I (f special price this week is. each . -- 9 i.MJ 25o White Curtain Swiss, large selection In plain cross bar 1 Q and figured patterns, 36 to 40 inches, special, the yard X7C A-B Gas Ranges Lead All Others A gas range must be constructed by ex perts under strict examination of every piece of material if It is to give you long faithful service. The A-B Gas Range is made by a concern who make nothing else and who bend every energy and spare no expense to produce the greatest line of gas ranges known today. The Sanitary Fire Enamel Finish. Cleans like a china plate. The ovens and broiler and burner grates are a model of convenience. The Initial cost of the A-B Sanitary is less than that of many In ferior makes. $1.00 a Week Will Do Go-Cart Specials $5.SB Folding Sulkey, A "t tt with hood, for $9.75 Reed Sulkey, ad- tf J Qf justable dash, for t ifJ $13.35 Four-Bow Storm Cloth Hood Sturgis Go"JQ gQ $18.45 Nickel - Trimmed Sturgis Folding Go-Gart J Qg ColIapsibleAdjustable Dress Forms $11.50 Sl.OO Cash. 50e Week. These forms are adjustable and col lapsible and are made' to fit any size form or height; every part pulls out automatically, giving just the exact proportion. To every woman who makes her own dreBses it is worth her weight in gold, and they are so simple any one can use them. COMMUNITY MUSIC MOVEMENT HAS ARISEN TO IMMENSE PROPORTIONS IN AMERICA IN FEW YEARS Schwab Guardian Angel of Bach Festival Columbia University First to Promote Summer Opera Boycott of German Singers Who Sign Contracts for American Engagements Announced. BY EJIILIE FRANCE3 BAUER, NEW YORK. June 9. (Special.) There was a two-days' session last week of the committees who have been interesting themselves in Community music. The National Con ference on Community Music held pub lic meetings at the Hotel Astor. at which time there was a demonstra tion of choral rehearsals, the demon stration occurring at the Washington Irving High School. In connection with this the Greenwich House Music School gave . lunch at the Hotel Astor, where Harold Bauer spoke. Mrs. MacDowell, David Blspham. Franz. Knelsel and many others lent their presence and their advice to this movement, which has had Harry Barnhart as prima mover. The call to the pubMo Indicates that yVi fi-mmiir Ify rnUSla movement ilVS. la a few years arisen to Immense pro portions in this country, bringing a new message of unity, patriotism, brotherhood in song and of universal expression in beauty and Joy. . The movement Is identified with a new cur ient of social consciousness beyond the special field of musical art in itself. The Nation is supposed through this movement to free itaolf from depend ence upon traditions of the past and to create for itself a natural utterance. Among the activities and organiza tions which are indicated as touching vpon the community musio movement are municipal concerts, clvie muslo as sociations, community choruses, sym phony and other concerts at popular prices, community Christmas trees and coincident musical celebrations, com munity orchestras and school choruses, pageants and community masques and dramas, muala school aettleuioziti. clal centers, recreation movements and patriotic societies. Those who partici pated included Cabot Ward, president of the park board: William G. Willcox. president of the New York City Board of Education; Arthur Farwell. presi dent of the New York Community Chorus, also Identified with Music School Settlement work; John Collier, secretary of the National Community Conference; Mrs. Howard Mansfield, W. Klrkpatrick Brice, Mrs. J. Gilmore Drayton. Mrs. V. G. Slmkovitch, Harry Barnhart, Mrs. Edward MacDowell, director of the Edward MacDowell Memorial Association: Mrs. Frank B. Rowell. Frans Knelsel, all of whom are Interested in settlement, educational and community work of every sort. Claude Bragdon. of Rochester, N. Y., who, -with Mr. Barnhart. was responsi ble for the "Song and Light" given lut Summer, la Csntrsi, Park, apalca on this subject; Mrs. MacDowell told "What Music Can Do for Rural Com munities," as demonstrated in Peter boro. N. H., as did Arthur Nevln. of the University of Kansas. W. J. Mc Coy, of San Francisco, told of the wonderful Forest Festival of the Bo hemian Club, of San Francisco, held In the Sierras. The festivities closed with a song festival by the New York and New Jersey choruses In Madison Square Garden under Mr. Barnhart. who presented Haydn's "The Creation" with soloists and an orchestra of 90 pieces, and there were special numbers in which the entire audience joined. ... Many people from New York Jour neyed to Bethlehsm, Pa., this last week, where they were the guests of Charles M. Schwab, who has ben the guardian angel of the Bach Festival held for some years in that community. Mr. Schwab has not allowed Bethlehem to be known for its commercial im portance alone great as the steel In dustry has. made it. He has made it possible for Dr. J. Fred Wolle to es tablish a chorus of 800 voices which this year was supported by the Phila delphia Symphony Orchestra and the Moravian Trombone Choir. It has been a custom for some years to devote the second day to a performance of the Bach Mass in B Minor, while the first .tConeluded, a fas -6, Coin ma 2 J. I ' - I ' " I I i v - b- " ; i v ' wf,rnTOMYiTTffiaiimiiiinrwfli mini itl iiiir - - i m m a mt sa. . t -..ir 1 I a II H WW..: TM-rX I i " 00- V rl j WIDE Interest was shown In the recent prize-essay contest con ducted by the Oregon' chapter. Sons of the American Revolution, and of the ISO essays submitted in com petition 106 were written by pupils In schools representing practically all parts of Oregon. - The Portland schools supplied 53 con testants, one essay came from a paro chial school. Of the contestants, 110 were girls and 60 were boys. The first prize of $25 was awarded to Hazel Pearcy, of the Lincoln High School; second prize of 515 was given to Arthur Johnson, of the High School of Commerce, 'Portland, and third prize, $10, was awarded to Albert Nott, of the Forest Grove High School. - The winning essay, entitled "Benja min Franklin's Influence on the Amer ican Revolution," written by Hazel Pearcy, follows: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN'S INFLUENCE ON THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The world Is very old. During Its existence there have lived upon its sur face many millions of people. Very few of these people, however, have been original. Most people read or hear a certain statement and Immediately form that statement into a part of their par rot minds. A few people form upon the statements they . read or hear Independent, Judgments . and. opinions. They base their ideas upon reason, not belief. These people are original. Benjamin Franklin, fortunately for America, was one of this small class of original thinkers and actors. Dur ing his entire life he searched ever after the truth, reasoning calmly and deliberately until he was firmly con vinced. It was ever his method to go straight to the heart of thlngrs, and draw out the facts he desired. Calmly he looked deeply into the secrets of nature and humanity, never being satis fled with superficial appearances. It was this characteristic which was orig inal in him. He did not accept what was said of things, but reasoned every thing out for himself. French Aid Secured. In his own way he won the French to our cause. He gained their aid not so much .because he loved his country as because he loved humanity and the great principles of freedom which up lift humanity. With him. love of man ever came before Individual affection; love of humanity before love of coun try. ' He loved liberty and justice and. freedom because they improve hu man conditions that is why he won the French to our cause and why there fore we are today a. great, free, inde pendent Nation. As a boy. Franklin's method of self Instruction was original. He read at every opportunity that came his way, and when one did not come his way. he made his way patiently, carefully to It. He began by stocking his mind with as much knowledge as he could obtain, and then proceeded to enlarge his vocabu lary by changing essays, from notes he had made, into poetry, then back into prose. (How many boys and girls of high-school age today seek as dili gently and scientifically to gain knowl edge and the ability to express that knowledge well?) Thus, throughout his entire life, Benjamin Franklin pursued the truth in all things with patient, original, unfailing methods. Influence Began Early. Franklin's Influence on the- American Revolution began Indirectly long before there was a thought, in anyone's mind of the colonies .having war or separa tion from the mother country. ' It began with his gaining the-faith-of his coun trymen. Achieving, during his . early years, financial' success- and Independ ence. Franklin could easily spend all his time in his country's service. This he did. too. for after once showing his people his abilities in every line of work he attempted, the remainder of his days were entirely given over' to bettering conditions in his native land. Let us trace briefly, then, his steps toward the establishment of the faith of the British colonies In him. - In 17S7, he says In his autobiography, he began to turn his thoughts a little toward public affairs. He began by establish ing the Watch In Philadelphia. After this, his Influence is shown In the es tablishment of a fire department, street-cleaning, a public library, a philosophical society, and many other institutions unthought of -previously by his countrymen. Flan Loir Remembered. In 1754 he came into his first public prominence. When the French War broke out. the Albany Convention was held for the purpose of ' uniting the colonies for protection. Franklin was put on a committee for the purpose of proposing some definite plan of action. Thirty-two years before this, it hap pened that when Franklin was mixing ink In a printer's office, he came across just such a plan as waa now desired. It was in the form of a preface to a pamphlet edited by a man named Coxe. Characteristically. Franklin remembered the plan as a good one. and kept it in mind until the time came to use it. Now, In his opinion, that time had come. The colonies; however, were not yet ready for anything which should, de prive them of Any of their rights, and so, despite the fact that his plan waa passed -bp h.e .Convention, no- JurUuer action waa taken upon It. Who knows, had his countrymen been as broad minded as he. if there would have been a war? Perhaps even today we might be living under just such a govern ment as that proposed by Franklin in his Albany plan. Statesmanship Is Recvgnlaed. Although this plan was not followed, nevertheless it did a great good. It showed some of the leaders of the day, such as Jefferson, that they had a great statesman In their midst, and It was through the Influence of such men that Franklin was sent to Europe, where he performed his greatest service to his country. When General Braddock came to the colonies to give them the protection they would not give themselves, it was to Benjamin Franklin the people turned when they wanted someone to explain their conduct to the General. It was Franklin, too, who furnished convey ances for the army of the King at Brad dock's command. Through his obser vation and knowledge of the people he had to deal with, he obtained this means of transportation which others could not have done. He had a slight influ ence on the revolution even at this time the influence of putting it fur ther off. by easing the feeling between the colonies and the mother country. - So we find sthat. in the colonies, by his patience and skill, his understand ing through study of the thing at hand. Franklin gained the support and faith of the colonists in his abilities. It was because of this faith that he was sent to England on his first trip In behalf of the colonies, where he remained for five years, writing and working for the good of his country. After the signing of the Treaty of Paris he returned homo, soon, however, to return on his second trip to England. Stamp Act la Passed. This second trip was made for the interests of the colonists of Pennsyl vania, but finding, upon his arrival, that the other colonial representatives were engaged in opposing the stamp tax. Franklin also plunged deep Into the struggle. Although he fought hard against the stamp act, it was passed by Parliament. Franklin came to England to help the colonial interests, which he did much more effectively than he realized. He gained many enemies while in England (although he gained staunch friends also), through whose influence the hated acts which brought on the revo lution were passed. His part in some trouble over some letters, called the Hutchinson letters, served to increase English animosity toward him, for shortly after this trouble the Boston Port bill, the Quebec act and. many other obnoxious, acta were passed. Find ing his presence In England no longer of service to the colonists, the vener able doctor, after ten and A half years abroad, returned home. Everything there waa changed the people, the buildings, his family; all had become different. While he had been crossing the ocean, blood had been shed at Lexington and Concord. He was now getting old, but he was not spared for his age. He was pressed Immediately into service, and was al lowed almost no rest because the range and variety of his abilities lay In such wide channels that he was found to be the best fitted to fill almost every position. . Basy Days Are Spent. He first served In the Continental Congress for 14 months one of the busiest times of all his busy life. He furthered the cause of his people by rendering them lnvaluabl- service along almost every line of work, from print ing money to negotiating with the 'In dians. He helped, the revolution along considerably now. by means of the various kinds of enterprises he fur thered. His faithful service in England, his patient and diligent work In the col onies, his success In helping their cause at all times gave the leading thinkers of the colonies unbounded faith In and respect for Benjamin Franklin. He now was getting old, but the chief and best work of his life was still to come the winning of France to the Ameri can cause and the consequent winning of the revolution. He nevertheless had Influence In England on the American Revolution the influence of bringing it on. in America the influence of help ing it on but In France the Influence of winning it. Franklin's Tact Great. Before following the doctor to France, let us examine briefly the character of the French people that we may see how he appealed to them. The French' love well-polished manners: they are wor shipers of intelligence; and they love democracy and freedom. Franklin al ways analyzed the character of the people with whom he had to deal, and always spoke in language best suited to his audience. His range and variety made him popular with all classes of people. He sympathized with those in trouble; he laughed with the gay. With housewives, he discussed Improvements In household devices; with scientists, he discussed electricity; with diplomats, he discussed great principles underlying the foundations of society. He was po lite and tactful,' simple yet deep in knowledge, and so appealed to all classes of society, franklin; la said ta bave- been, the most popular man France has evel known. Arriving In Paris December, 1776. immediately after the Declaration of Independence, he was the center oC public interest. Hats, coats, canes, everything was called "a la Franklin.' He was made the leader of a. great se-4 cret organization, the Nine Sisters, most of whose members, taught principles of liberty and freedom by Franklin, took active parts in the French Kovo- lution. The French people at this time were) carried away with everything American, They had an Intense love of freedom) and democracy and were therefore in fluenced somewhat by the nature oC Franklin's mission. It was his person- ality, his personal charm which ap pealed to the best society, as well aa the poorest, which was one of Amor lea's best assets in her Quest for Freacbj friendship. Watchful Waiting Adopted. Dr. Franklin's diplomatic policy lni France was distinctive of the skill and, tact of which only he was capable. He had his only original method of han dling everyone, which was really the winning of the revolution. At first, he tried to hurry the ministry, but finding this useless because of the King s de sire io Keep ms imiiBiiciiuua wnn .inei lea secret. Franklin changed his policy; to one of quietly waiting and working. He worked hard, too, and played diligently for the securing of French, aid and money by begging or filching or whatever means he could. The gov ernment saw through his devices, as Franklin Intended it should, and al lowed privateers to harbor in Its ports. and granted much help to John Paul Jones, with whom .Franklin did muchj planning of crafty escapades. While waiting. Franklin rendered his Gov ernment great service along naval lines. zealously carrying out instructions from headquarters to gain as much French, aid as possible. At last, the doctor's perseverance was rewarded through news of Saratoga Previous to this, the French govern ment had- been getting colder more reserved In its attitude toward Frank lin's cause. They could not. Indeed. safely do otherwise. The King and. in. fact, the French nation as a whole, hated England and. desired to help the Americans, but as long as American success seemed doubtful, they could not wisely take any open steps. Saratoga Tnrna Tide. As soon as news of Saratoga arrived, the tide turned. Franklin, upon a hint from the French Minister. Gerard, re newed his proposals to the ministry! for a treaty, which were acceded, to. Soon, In spite of delay caused by the two other American Ministers in France, very desirable treaties were drawn up and signed. During his work In France. Franklin was constantly annoyed by the wran gling of Lee and Izard, his fellow com missioners. Now Izard was withdrawn. and John Adams sent in his place. Adams soon discovered the poor policy of keeping three commissioners in France and added, his entreaties to those of Franklin that only one be left there. For a long while Lee had hinted strong ly to Congress that he was the man to fill the place, while Franklin had said nothing about whom he thought would be best. He now reaped the re ward of his good sense in keeping out of all quarrels In being chosen by Con gress to remain in France. Thanks to Franklin's good sense. Lee was not put in charge of our afiV.wrs at that critical time. It is hard telling what a botch he might have made of them. At one time, had it not been for Franklin's good sense and earnest per suasian. Lee would have forced De Vergenne's ministry to say definitely whether or not they would openly help the American cause. Such a fatal and foolish act would have resulted in the absolute loss of French friendship and aid. and the consequent loss of the American cause. Franklin, through his sagacity, his original thinking, saved, the day and the revolution came out victorious for the Americans. Rash Steps Prevented. It was not alone in great, vital de cisions where Franklin's originality In fluenced the American Revolution. Hia daily life had an indrect, but an impor tant. Influence. He had a printing press at his home at Passy. where he helpedi his cause. He influenced his fellow commissioners and kept them from tak- in or .-(1 . Vt ot one If nnhlin nHm.nf hart any influence on the King and his Min isters. Franklin had a great Influence through his popularity. He spent ail his thought and time toward the suc cess of the American cause of liberty, equality and Justice. Thus we find that all his life Frank lin labored for the great cause of hu manity, for the establishment of the great principles which form the foun dations of society. His first influence was through his newspaper, by means -of which he forwarded advanced Ideas on all subjects. Next he changed words Into actions by starting many move ments In Philadelphia for the uplifting and bettering of living conditions. Then he put hmself to the task of throwing off England's loathsome yoke from his makes no vital difference under this native land. This was the greatest work of all. Through his careful diplomatic. .tConcluueu on face S. Column 4-X 4