The Sunday Oregonian., June 03, 1917, SECTION FOUR, Page 10, Image 62

TII15 SUNDAY OREGOXIAX. PORTLAND. JUNE 3, 1917.
HEEDS OF MILITARY
ROADS DISCUSSED
Ad. No. 105 Racine Rubber Company 3 col. x 140 lines. Newspaper.
Power Economy Endurance
Speed
10
Major P. S. Bond, of U. S. En
gineering Corps, Shows Part
, Highway Plays in -War.
MOBILITY ARMY FEATURE
Ability to Transport Men . Speedily
Better Than Large Force, Writer
,. Asserts and ' Great - Advan
X tage Is Attained.
-' t
BT P.' S. .BOND, .
Major Corps of Engineers. U. S. Army;
Member of the American Society of
Civil Engineers.
The usefulness In war of a substan
tial system of highways can scarcely
be overstated, but It can be misunder
stood, and frequently is. Our freedom
from wars during long periods has
made the term "military road" little
more than an historical phrase in Amer
ica. It calls to mind the old National
pike and suggests the conditions of
military enterprise that .gave rise to
our constitutional provision for Federal
military roads.
Those conditions antedate the rail
road. In the present state of affairs
the longer hauls for the assembling of
soldiers, munitions and ' supplies will
almost invariably be. made by rail. Mil
itary considerations do not call for long
single lines of road through the interior
of the Nation so much as for intensive
systems of parallel and intersecting
roads in the probable zones of actual
warfare In case of attack by a foreign
nemy.
To appreciate the tremendous useful
ness of such road systems, it may be
necessary to review some of the condi
tions of modern war as exemplified in
Europe today.. In speaking of Innova
tions, I use the word with respect to
popular American conceptions of war,
which are still largely founded on the
Civil War of the '60s. The European
war has really developed -very few In
novations, from the standpoint of the
military student. Attacks by' gas and
liquid fire, effective as surprises, have
been among these few. The general
nature of the struggle was either an
ticipated by military men or actually
demonstrated in the other wars of the
last two decades. I wish particularly
to refer to some phases of modern war
with reference to the use of highways.
While less reliance than formerly
Is placed upon permanent fortifications,
trench warfare between nearly equal
forces tends to develop a condition of
deadlock. In which the tactics are simi
lar to those of a siege. Hence the
routes of supply do not, under certain
conditions, vary as much as in the old
days of open fighting, when one army
would pursue another half across a
continent on foot.
Roads Crat Need.
Not only are routes of distribution
more nearly permanent, but the volume
and weight of the traffic is such as to
Justify and require the most substan
tial kind of highways. Larger armies
eat more food. Larger and more Intri
cate guns consume immensely more am
munition. The British army In Belgium
Is said to have fired more shells In a
single day than were used in the entire
Boer War. These are transported from
the railroad terminals to the place of
consumption very largely by motor
truck and the effect on any but the
most substantial roads may be imag
ined. Add to these conditions the mobility
now required for very heavy guns. It
can be seen that the placing and re
placing of ordnance weighing many
tons per piece the saving of guns in
case of sudden retreat would be vir
tually impossible under the conditions
that prevail on most American high-
"J" uunng long seasons, or would
Impose the heaviest possible tasks upon
the engineering arm of the service.
We have seen pictures showing the
Kind of improvised roads upon which
the resourceful Germans have been
compelled to rely in Russia. They
follow the principles of the old Amer
ican corduroy road, with a foundation
of stringers and transverse logs, on
which are laid brush and dirt. The con
trasting advantage of level, durable
road surfaces, prepared In time of peace
with .an eye to the exigencies of war
are so striking as to make comment
unnecessary.
Aeroplanes Bis; Factor.
But the greatest advantage of motor
trucks and suitable motor roads has
yet to be mentioned. To appreciate it,
one must bear In mind the broad nature
of battle tactics. War is not unlike
lootball. An army must hold the foe
In check at all points on the line and
relies for its success upon smashing
attacks by the concentration of troops
at some particular point. In the old
days the plan of attack was often con
cealed from the enemy until the mo
ment when it was sprung. Distance
and natural obstacles to vision made
It possible to work out a maneuver
with comparative leisure. Today the
liostile aeroplane hovers overhead and
conveys prompt information of the con
centration of any considerable body of
troops at any given quarter.
To render such an attack effective.
It is therefore necessary to make it a
euddien attack, like the dash of the
backfield in a football game. To be
able to move a whole division by truck
, and automobile to a critical point at a
rate of 20 or 30 miles an hour would
greatly facilitate both offense and de
fense. It is said that the battle of the
Marne was won by the sudden concen
tration of French troops, using motor
transport over the splendid chaussees
of France, upon the Uerraan left wing.
' Many Roads Needed.
One road will not suffice for this
variety of tactics, although one Is bet
ter than none. The ideal would be a
number of parallel routes traversing
tne line of battle, with frequent cross
roads to permit the distribution of re
inforcements at any desired point or
points. In war, football or chess there
is only one rule for success, and that
Is to oppose a lesser force with
greater force at the crucial point in
the conflict. This does not mean that
the largest army always wins, for the
largest army may have three-quarters
of Its numbers out . of action through
lack of generalship or failure of trans
port facilities. Mobility can take the
place of numbers much better than
numbers can be made to take the place
of mobility. When this fact Is digested
the Immense tactical value of paving
can be better appreciated
The motor can thus lessen the
fatigue of forced marches and Increase
thetr possible'radlus fivefold or more.
It is also probable that motors will
take over part. of the work of trans
port formerly accomplished by rail
There Is considerable necessary delay
In entraining troops and getting a clear
track for their movement, so much so
that the old rule was to undertake
movements of 30 miles or leas on foot
as being prompter than train service
With suitable roads and an abundance
of motor vehicles, this line of demarca
tion might be placed at SO or 100 miles
or more, depending on the particular
1
4VV
TN every sense of the word,
Racine Country Road
Tires are 'Quality Tires.
Quality that insures maximum
service over country roads is huf'Jt
in hy hand hy Racine trre-malcers
the highest J) aid tire-malcers in the world.
Notice the tread- designed specially to stand the
hardest usage of driving over country roads. .. You
can be certain Racine Oountry .Road
Tires will serve you well long
v after the 5000 mile guarantee
has been exceeded. " .,
For your own protection, le
certain that every zbLacme
Tire you tuy bears ihz
nam Raern Rullrr Co.
Racine Rubber
Company
Racine, Wis.
For Sale by Dealers and Garages Everywhere
Distributed in the Northwest by
BALLOU & WRIGHT
Broadway at Oak St.
Portland, Oregon. 817 E. Pike St, Seattle, Wash.
jtJ ' i czc:
'$ $ I ; ' CD Q
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weakest link today from the standpoint
of military transport. America has
the railroads. It has the automobiles
and motor trucks. Whether the latter
can be used, or whether we must go
back to the age of the mule-whacker
and the dreary march rests with those
who are responsible for our highway
Improvements. Any city within 100
miles of our coasts or frontiers may
some day be the base of military opera
tions that will put its surrounding
highways to the severest test. Very
few would meet it creditably.
BUICK REACHES ASTORIA
KIR ST CAR NEGOTIATES . LOWER
COLUMBIA HIGHWAY.
Roads Found to Be Fair, but Not Vet
in Shape for Rapid Progress
on Pleasure Trips.
Advice was received last-week that
the first car of the season to negotiate
the lower Columbia Highway through
to' Astoria was one of the Buick Six
roadsters owned by M. A. Gunst & Co.
and operated by their salesman, L. H.
Cheney, who covers that portion of the
territory. Mr. Cheney, accompanied by
A. F. Dillman, of the Johns Manvllle
Co., made the entire Columbia Highway
from Portland to Astoria without any
outside assistance.
While the road is not recommended
by Mr. Cheney and Air. Dillman as a
pleasure trip at this time, they say
that they met with no serious difficulty
except at one point near the Bugbee
Bridge where a deep mudhole detained
them for some little time.
Considering the condition of the road
they made excellent mileage, using less
than eight gallons of .gasoline for the
trip.
Insurance against unemployment is
being introduced in Bavaria.
MANY TOURISTS COMING
INQUIRIES RECEIVED BY GOOD
RICH TRAVEL BUREAU.
California Alone Expects to Reap Har
vest of Sixty Millions to Be
Spent by Travelers.
Careful study of business conditions
and the flood of Inquiries for road and
touring information from all parts of
the country indicate, according to W.
D. Albright, Northwest branch man
ager of the B. F. Goodrich Rubber
Company, that this year will witness
the greatest movement and influx of
automobile visitors in the history of
the Sunny Southland of Southern Cali
fornia. The Goodrich Company, through Its
National touring bureau, has con
ducted a thorough investigation even
to the extent that they have estimated
approximately 160,000,000 will be spent
in Southern California by the Invading
army of motoring tourists.
The visiting horde is estimated at
45.000 parties, or approximately 180,
000 persons, and Mr. Albright points out
that all of these motorists have money
to spend and they do spend it freely
in traveling from place to place over
the country.
Last year more than $40,000,000 was
spent in Southern California by tour
ists. For hotel fares alone these vis
itors spent In the neighborhood of
$27,000,000. The next largest item
was the gasoline, which ran upwards
of $2,025,000, while for lubricating oil
during their stay these people spent
about $198,000. The motorists spent
for automobile repairs about $1,350,000,
while a like sum was spent for tires.
Besides these items there are the in
cidental expenses, which are always
heavy when one is touring.
Just to show that they fully appre
ciated California's thousands of miles
of improved roads the tourists covered
a total distance of about 155,000,000
miles, this being figured on the basis
of there being 30.000 parties and each
party traveling on an average of 4600
milles during their stay In the South
land.
According to Mr. Albright, this year
Is scheduled to be a freak season, as
It has already started and will continue
throughout the year and- on Into 1918.
The demand for touring information
Is remarkable . and from every present
Indication the Pacific Northwest will
see a great influx of tourists, with the
result that this section should get some
of the money which Is being spent In
California annually. . 1
TIRES STAND IjOXG, HARD TRIP
Homer George Cuts Down Time At-
lanta to Birmingham.
Homer George, of Atlanta, amateur
cross-country champion driver of the
South, has recently added another
amazing record to his long list of au
tomobile. feats. He made a sensational
trip from Atlanta to Birmingham,
distance of 214 miles, in six hours and
50 minfttes over- the rough mountain
roads of North Georgia and Alabama,
passing former records by two hours.
He also holds the records from Atlanta
to Chattanooga, Atlanta to Jackson
ville and Atlanta to Knoxville.
On every one of his record-breaking
trips Mr. George has used a Chalmers
car, equipped with United States "Royal
Cord" tires. There have been no tire
changes on any of these runs.
Dlsbrow Special Controls Output.
Louis Dlsbrow, In announcing the
output of Dlsbrow Specials, states that
the number will be 250u. Ever since
the automobile shows, at which time
the car made its debut, the dealer or
ganization has been Increased and. the
of the cities at present open are closed
year's output is practically contracted
for. It -will be entirely so shortly, ac
cording to Mr. Dlsbrow, when several
of the cities at present open are closed
with distributors.
RANCHER MAKES BIG DEAL AND BUYS MITCHELL CLUB ROADSTER.
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SIR. HBJiRIKSES AT WHEEL OF HIS SEW CAR. WITH RAY ALBEE, OF" MITCHELL, LEWIS A
STAYER COMPANY. AX HIS SIDE.
Al Henriksen, heretofore owner of a big Southern Oregon ranch near Oakland, recently sold his prop
erty and purchased a small farm of 3000 acres in Eastern Oregon In Willow Creek district. To celebrate
the deal Mr. Henriksen decided he must have a new cr. Upon his arrival in Portland he spied the
Mitchell sport club roadster, and to use his own words: '"The nifty car Just took me off my feet."
The car Is a special paint Job, having a golden bronze body with top and trimming to match. . It
seats five passengers and Is the fourth Mitchell owned by Mr. Henriksen.
Chevro let
"Four-Ninety" Stock Car in
Every Detail
Breaks A 11
Records
From Portland to Eugene
(From The Oregonian May 30.)
MAKES RECORD TRIP
"Four-Ninety'' Vfeiv&S?
Model ; Ol
t F L AUT0
Here l W
Small Cash Pay- ? f V . i 1 v
ment, Balance as i JTl M
You Ride . Ill
MmMl 1WM 1S
Trip Made to Eugene in Shorter
Timo Than Limited Train.
EUGENE. Or.. May 29. (Special.)
A motorcar, driven by William Wal
lace, of Portland, arrived in Eugene
this morning after covering the dis
tance from Portland. 135 miles, as
shown by his speedometer, in 3 hours
and 49 minutes, two minutes better
than the Shasta Limited time between
the two cities. The railroad distance
between the two cities Is 122.8 miles.
The actual running time was 3 hours
and 29 minutes.
This performance Can Be
Duplicated by Any Chev
rolet Car.
REGNER & FIELDS.
Grand Ave., Near Burnside.
Inc.
Phone East 2a
AUTOISTS' PARK PLANNED
"PLKASl II 10 CAR" DECLARED BY
AOBNT TO BK MISNOMER.
L'sea to Which Maetnes Are Jfow Pot
TakM Tkrm Oat of Ibjm of
Source of Amusement. '
"The term 'pleasure car,' is a mis
nomer when applied to a passenger
carrying automobile," says W. L.
Hughson. of the Kissel Motor Car Com
pany. "This is proved by the many
practical purposes and serious uses to
which the average owner puts his car."
"Nowadays it Is uncommon to hear a
car purchaser use the term 'pleasure
car.' He generally says: 'I want to
look at a car for the family as well as
for my personal use,' or I am in the
market for a passenger car that will
seat five. Including my children.' -
"Behind such statements Is generally
found a serious purpose. You will find
that that car purchaser wants a car for
the help it will give him and his fam
ily. The same motives are common
with all classes of car purchasers.
"The automobile has become a part
and parcel of the life of the Nation.
Its uses and utility are woven into
every phase of our home, business,
financial. social. professional, even
governmental life.
"It is used by patients to regain
health, by healthy people to keep
health, and by doctors to save health.
The business man wants a car so he
ADDITIONAL OXYGEN
MEANS
Better
Combustion
With Gasoline or Distillate.
THE BRONSON
Oxygen-Maker
Gives Additional Oxygen
and Prevents Carbon by Turning
all the Fuel into Power and Mileage
For Any CAR or TRUCK
Try It You can't lose money
saved if you do, money back if you
dont.
Special terms for June.
THE OXYGEN-MAKER
Distillate Burner
Burnside at 14th; Phone Main 395
can do more and better business. Sales
men use cars to make them more effi
cient. Milady's social and charity ac
tivities make her time limited and the
automobile is the one means she can
use that is convenient, appropriate and
efficient.
"Suburbanites can enjoy the pleas
ures of country life while attending to
business in the city through the one
never failing - connecting link their
automobiles. So it goes in city and
town, rural communities and farming
centers.
"Our living conditions center around
the automobile. It is no longer con
sidered or purchased as a luxury or a
pleasure vehicle, but as a pawsen ger
car, household utility and business necessity."
The south station at Boston has about
12,000,000 more passengers a year than
the north station.
EASTSIDE MOTORCYCLE CO.
Agency for '
ExcelsiorMotorcycles
44 Grand Ave.
Portland. Or.
THE UNIVERSAL CAR
A little extra attention to your Ford car,
a little adjusting; now and then, will help
to keep it in prime condition and add to its
ability to serve you. Bring; your Ford car
here. Why take any chances? Let those
who know how, those who use genuine
Ford parts, take care of your car. To be
sure of getting; 'the best service from your
Ford car let skilled Ford men care for it.
Prompt attention assured. Touring Car,
$360; Runabout, $345; Sedan, $645; Cou
pelet, $505; Town Car, $595 all f. o. b.
Detroit. On display and for sale by author
ized Ford agents, sales service, Portland, Or.
FRANCIS MOTOR CAR EXCHANGE
East 1.1th at Hawthorne.
PACIFIC KISSELKAR BRANCH
AO .Xorth Broadway.
PALACE GARAGE
2!M and Kearney Sts.
RUSHLIGHT, RANSON & 'PENNEY
Union Ave. at Wanro Jt.
TALBOT & CASEY
754 Kant Morrison St.
W. H. WALLINGFORD
536-28 Alder St.
circumstances of the case.
The unimproved, highway is our