0
freshments. The committee in charge)
'BABY WEEK". IS TO BRING OUT DISPLAYS
OF INFANTS' APPAREL IN WINDOWS OF SHOPS
or tne arrair are Airs. . . Jriogan. lirs.
W. A. Eivers, Mrs. T. Glenn, Mrs. T.
Misetich, Miss Agnes Ostruck and Miss
Mary MacKinnon.
A Washington birthday entertain
ment will be given by the Ladies' Aid
Society of the First Evangelical Church,
corner East Sixth and Market streets,
Wednesday evening, "February 21. A
musical programme will be rendered
by the women of the society. Light
UNCLE SAM HAS LATEST WAR AEROPLANE
THAT NOT ONLY FLIES? BUT TURNS AND DIVES
Details of Mechanism of Remarkable Instrument Kept Secret Large Numbers of Other Hew Weapons Also on
Hand.
First Seven Days in May "Will Be Devoted to Welfare of Youngsters Under Auspices of Oregon Congress of
Mothers Suggestions for Feeding Are Given for Toung Mothers.
refreshments will be nerved, and an
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAX, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 18, 1917. "
f 'iTl v (l ' V
j4c?& J?ocrc?2, Madras, Ore. Xf Vvwr--MrI .r-l 1
4S?? T'Mo. OOK. "'t11 1 -w''wt' 111
BY EDITH KNIGHT HOLMES.
BECAUSE everyone is going to take
note of "baby week," the first
seven days in May, the merchants
are planning to make special window
displays and to have special sales and
the mothers are deciding that they must
study the latest in child welfare rules.
The General Federation of Women's
Clubs set the dates. The Or-sgori Con
gress of Mothers never lets the inter
est in baDiej wane In, this state.
Through their Parents' Educational
Bureau in the Courthouse, where thou
sands of babies have been examined
by the best physicians and scored, the
organization gives nelp and advice to
scores of mothers weekly.
The bureau assists in conducting tests
in other cities of the state. Literature
Is distributed and helpful hints are
given to the parents, free of charge.
Here are some suggestions given by
the bureau concerning food:
For ages 12 to 24 months Fruit Juices
milk, milk gruel, custard, rice, zwieback,
firaham crackers.
For ases 24 to 36 months Scraped apple,
mashed potato, vegetable puree, poached
egg. minced steak, spinach, peanut butter
sandwiches, fruit gelatine.
Food not to be given before 36 months
Cherries, bananas, corn, grapes, wienies,
cucumbers, popcorn, biscuit, fried potatoes,
pork, beans, cheese, raisins, peanuts, nuts,
candy, pie, rich cake, fried meats, hot bread,
doughnuts, ham, chipped beef.
During the second year, the child should
have four meals a day; hours: 6 A. M., 10
A. M., a P. M.. 6 P. M. Nothing but water
should be allowed between hfcs meals.
At 12 months, the baby should be weaned
from the bottle and taught to drink milk
from a cup.
He may then have cereals twice a day,
which should be thoroughly cooked and for
the first two or three months they should
be strained.
He should have four cups of milk daily.
W hen 15 months old, he may have at first
a teaspoonful, later one tablespoonful of rare
scraped beef, mutton or chicken.
When 18 months old he may have one-half
of a mealy baked potato daily.
"When 2 years old. he may have most of
the fresh green vegetables when thoroughly
cooked and finely mashed.
Tea, coffee, cider, wine, beer, sodawater
and catidy should never be given to a young
child.
The juice of fresh fruits may be given
after 12 months.
Cooked fruit, such as baked apple or
applesauce, should be given once a day
after a child is IS months old; it should at
first be strained.
Stale, raw fruits are especially dangerous
in me city and in the Summer.
And here are things that are frowned
upon as bad for all babies:
Pacifiers, thumb sucking, soothing syrups,
patent medicines, whisky or gin for supposed
colic, dirty playthings, dirty nipples, dirty
bottles, dirty floors, waterproof diapers ex
cept for temporary use. moving picture
shows, violent rocking, bouncing and rollick
ing play at any time, play of every sort
after feeding, kissing the baby on his mouth
either by the family or by strangers, testing
the temperature of the baby's milk by tak
ing the nipple in the mouth, sucking on
empty bottles, sleeping on the mother's
breast while nursing, sleeping j in bed with
the mother, spitting on handkerchief to re
move dirt from baby's face. ' sneezing and
coughing In the babys face, allowing a per
son with a cough or cold to hold the baby,
and allowing any person with tuberculosis
to take care of the baby.
In case there are young women "who
haven't had any advice from a reliable
source, here is a list containing the
necessary articles to prepare for the
baby:
Three-quarter yard thin, lightweight flan
nel: two lightweight woolen blankets, three
cotton and wool undershirts, three flannel
skirts, three outing flannel gowns, four cot
ton slips, one and one-half dozen diapers,
18 inches; one and one-half dozen diapers,
22 Inches; one box boric acid, one box talcum
powder, one piece Castile soap, one-quarter
pound sterile gauze, one-quarter pound ster
ile absorbent cotton, two dozen safety pins,
large and small, one set of scales.
Necessary things for the mother will be
ThTee nightgowns, one and one-half yards
square oilcloth or rubber sheeting, two
pounds absorbent cotton, two pounds steril
ized gauze or equivalent in old clean linen.
Here Is some practical advice to nurs
ing mothers:
Keep yourself well. As long as you are
well your baby will probably be well.
Don't get discouraged if you have but
little milk at first. Feed the baby a little
from the bottle after nursing when neces
sary; but do not give up nursing. Be patient
and try again.
Kat plain, nutritious food. Avoid salads,
pickles and spicy foods.
Drink plenty of water and milk. Avoid
tea. coffee and alcoholle beverages.
Nurse the baby regularly. Feed him by
the clock and not longer than 20 minutes at
one time.
Until he is 4 months old, 'nurse every
three hours up to 10 P. M. and only once
during the night; seven nursings in 24
hours.
-After he is 4 months old. omit all night
nursings; give but six nursings in 24 hours.
"When six months old. nurse every four
hours (usually giving both breasts each
time); only five nursings in 24 hours.
When the baby cries between feedings,
give him cooled, boiled water without any
thing in it.
Do not wean or give any other feeding
without consulting a doctor.
Ada Boush, of Madras, Or., daughter
77 It, 1
of Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Roush, is a perfect
baby recently examined.
Lorean Jenkins, daughter ' Mr. and
Mrs. E. A. Jenkins, of 140 East Fifty
eighth street, scored 99.
Alfred B. C. Relmers is a bright baby
of Toledo, who came to Portland to be
scored and carried home a card bear
ing the mark "99 per cent."
Carl William Ryan ("Billy") was
born in Pendleton. He now lives in
Portland.
Thomas Russell Inskeep is a husky
lad. No wonder his father is a pollce-
(Continued From Page 6.)
sen's Hall. This affair will be char,
terized by Washington favors, decora
tions and special features. Patrons and
committees follow: Mr. and MravE. J.
Brooks, Mr. and Mrs. William Culley,
Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Christenson. En
tertaining, Pearl LaForge, Cherry
Cuoey, Gertrude Lucke. Maxins Mc
Donald, Blanche Roberts, Arthur Hall,
Eva Vinton, Dorothy Pierce, Earl Cash,
Maurice Snook, Teresa O'Conner, Gale,
Fox, Merle Young. Invitational, Karl
Fudge, Sam Raker, Ruth Lind. Lena
Balzimer, Loretta McCarrick, Edward
Springer, Jack Kofeldt, Mary Murr, E.
L. Vinton, Walter Johnson Louise
Lewix, Bessie Ritchie. Joe Gumbert,
Theodore Holmes, Carl Palm.
The first party to be given by the
Portland lodge. B'nai B'rlth. and their
auxiliary, Jacob Block,- Tuesday even
ing. February 20, promises to be a
huge success. For those who do not
care to dance card tables and prizes
are provided. 1
Two nieasant features of the even
ing will be a Spanish dance, in cos
tume, by Miss Laura Shay and Adolf
J. Unna. and a prize waltz. For the
latter Charles F. Berg. Miss Shay and
Mr. Unna will act as judges.
The decorations will be artistic and
Springlike and wholly in keeping with
the George Washington holiday spirit.
Little favors characteristic of the sea
son will be distributed during- the
grand march.
The Jefferson High School Alumni
Association will hold an important
business meeting Wednesday evening at
the home of Pauline Porteous, 447 East
Twenty-second street. This will be the
last meeting at which the members will
be allowed to enroll as charter members.
This organization has been unusually
active under the leadership of its presi
dent, E. F. Toung. The dance held by
the association a few weeks ago was
a decided success. All members of the
alumni are especially urged to be pres
ent at the meeting Wednesday evening.
Take Broadway car to East Twenty
second and Tillamook streets.
The pre-Lenten- card party and so
cial to be given next Tuesday evening
by St. Mary's Cathedral Court, No. 1046,
Women's Catholic Order of Foresters,
in the Foresters' Hall, Fifteenth and
Davis streets. Is looked forward to with
much pleasure. All other courts and
their friends are invited. The com
-man, and not only that, "Dad" drives
the Mayor's auto. Thomas is a 99 per
center.
Charles Asher Ferris, son of Mr. and
Mrs. C. Ij. Ferris, scored 99.
Jack Coughlan. of Milwaukie. is the
son of Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Coughlan. He
is a perfect baby, scoring 100 per cent.
mittee in charge of the affair is: Mrs.
T. S. Hogan, Mrs. W. A. Elvers, Mrs T.
Glenn, Mrs. T. Mlsetich, Miss Agnes
Ostruck and Miss Mary MacKinnon.
Auxiliary No. 2 of the Daughters of
the Covenant will give. a card party on
Tuesday afternoon at 2 o'clock in the
B'nai B'rith hall. "Five hundred" and
bridge will be played and prizes award
ed the high scorers. Mrs. J. Savan,
assisted by the officers of the auxiliary,
will act as hostess. Xt the meeting
held last Tuesday Dr. Stewart, of Reed
College, gave a talk to the members
on social hygiene, and Mrs. Herman
A. Politz ean several selections.
The coffee party to be given by the
Women's Auxiliary of the German Red
Cross Society to celebrate Washing
ton's birthday will take place at the
German House. The programme for
the afternoon includes a group of songs
by Nettie Greer Taylor. In the even
ing Miss Helen Fromme will sing and
Mrs. E. Else will give a recitation.
Card tables will be arranged for those
wishing to play cards.
Nebraska State Society will meet in
room H, Central Library, on Monday at
8 P. M. Selection of a new president
and other business matters will be dis
cussed. Mrs. George McMath will talk on
plars pertaining to the National Edu
cational Association. Miss Blanche Mc
Nay will sing.
Dr. G. Earle Henton will preside.
William McKinley Relief Corps, No.
45, will meet in regular session Tti ?s
day. February 20, at 2 o'clock in Odd
fellows Hall. East Eightieth and Glisan
streets." Following the session a sup
per and programme in honor of Wash
in irton and Lincoln will 'be given for
the benefit of William McKinley Post.
Supper begins at 6:30, programme at
8 o' -iock.
Rosebud Council No. 2987, K. L. of
S., will give an old-fashioned dance
and card party at the East Side busi
ness Men's Club rooms. 114 Grand ave
nue, on Saturday evening.
r
St. Mary's Cathedral Court, No. 1046,
Women's Catholic Order of Foresters,
will hold a t'Pre-Lenten Social" Tuesday
evening, February 20, in the Foresters
Hall, Fifteenth and Davis streets. A
pleasant evening is anticipated as there
will be cards md music followed by re
old-fashioned spelling bee will be one
of the features of the evening. Every
body welcome. Admission free.
A number of the Maccabees and their
friends will meet at the home of Mrs.
Baker. American apartments, February
20, at 2 o'clock, when the Officers and
Guard Club of Portland Review No. 7,
will be hosts for a card party.
Friendship. Auxiliary, Order of the
Eastern Star, will be entertained
Thursday afternoon by Mrs. A. J. Da
vis with a silver tea at her home, 6919
Thirtieth avenue Southeast.
The Ladies' Aid Society will serve
a supper in the basement of the First
United Evangelical church. East Six
teenth and Poplar streets, Thursday
evening, from 6 to 8. P. M.
Evergreen Lodge, Degrees of Honor,
will give a patriotic entertainment and
card party at the residence of J. L.
Gilchrist, 250 East Fifty-third street,
on Saturday evening. Members and
friends cordially invited. Take Hawthorne-avenue
car.
Alberta Lodge No. 233, I. O. O. F.,
and Vernon Rebekah Lodge No. 219
will give a joint social entertainment
on Saturday evening, February 17, in
their hall. East Seventeenth and Al
berta streets. There will be cards and
dancing.
'
Next Thursday evening at 6:30 o'clock
the women of the White Temple will
serve their annual colonial dinner, fol
lowed by an excellent programme. Spe
cial music will be furnished by Harold
Hurlburt. - - .
WEDDIXGS.
Bertfcrlsen-Sckafer.
The nome of Mr. and Mrs. Bert West
was the scene of a pretty wedding
Tuesday evening, when Mrs. West's
sister. Miss Sarah Schafer, became the
bride of Bert Berthelsen. John Schafer
gave his sister in marriage. Mr. and
Mrs. West were the only attendants.
Lohengrin's" wedding march was played
by Miss Lellah Schneider. -The orlde
wore white crepe xjver satin and sil
ver lace.. After the ceremony a re
ception was held and supper served.
The rooms were decorated. After a
few weeks, visit in Portland and Se
attle Mr. and Mrs. Berthelsen will leave
for their future home in Alaska.
Spencer-Kramlen.
; Miss Lu Vesta Kramlen, a former
Newberg girl, was married to John M.
Spencer February 4 at Chicago. The
ceremony was read by Rev. Henry Hep
burn at the Buena Memorial Presby
terian Church. The bride was attended
by Miss Ferne Mickle, of Blooming
ton. 111. Roy Kundson. of Chicago,
acted as best man. Mr. Spencer has his
office in Chicago, where they will make
their home.
Abbott-Moore.
A pretty but simple wedding took
place February 3 at the home of the
bride on Flanders street, when Miss
Ellen Moore became the bride of John
Abbott, of Knappa, Or. The ceremony
was performed by Rev. -Father Cronin.
After a short wedding trip they will
be at home to. their friends in
Knappa, Or.
AXXOUXCEMESTS.
The engagement of Miss Ethel A.
Matthews and Hubert Everett Roberts
was announced Saturday at a charming
luncheon for which Mrs. Albert Mueller,
of St. Helens, was hostess. The bride
elect is a daughter of Mrs. A. Matthews,
of St. Helens, and has been teaching
school in Portland for some time. Mr.
Roberts is a son of Wallace N. Roberts,
of this pity. He is a mining engineer.
He is a grandson of Mrs. Susan M.
Roberts, a prominent matron of Port
land. Both families are noted among
the pioneers of Oregon, and are well
known throughout the state. The wed
ding probably will take place early in
the Spring.
.
Among the interesting engagements
of the week is that of Miss Doris
Cackette, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C.
F. Cackette, of Portland, to Oliver W.
Berchtold, of Detroit. Mich. Miss Cack
ette is a talented contralto singer and
has studied under some of the most
prominent musicians on the Pacific
Coast. Her fiance is the son of Mr.
and Mrs. F. Berchtold. of Corvallis
His father is the head of the English
language aid literature departments
at O. A, C. After the wedding, which
has been set for May 2. they will leave
for Detroit, where Mr. Berchtold is in
business.
SOCIETY PERSONALS.
Mrs. A. Tllzer left Wednesday night
for a visit of ten days in San Francisco.
Mrs. Dempster W. Ifft and small son.
of Walla Walla, are house guests of
Mrs. W. S. Spinning.
John Russell Clark and daughter.
Miss Bernice, left overland last week
for an extended visit to California.
Mr. and Mrs. Austin Pr Fleger, Jr.,
of Westmoreland, are receiving con
gratulations over the arrival of a
daughter, born Monday. She has been
named Susan Ivathryn.
Mr. and Mrs. M. W. Waite, of Beole
Court apartments, have returned from
an extended visit in Southern Cali
fornia, where they stopped off at all
the beach resorts and visited all the
larger cities.
Mr. and Mrs. Justin W. McEachren
and daughters. 'Miss Ono McEachren
and Mrs. William A. Mullen and son.
Billy, left Thursday night for Chicago,
where they will make their future
home. They are going by way of Cali
fornia and expect to pass some time
in Southern California .before reaching
Chicago. " .
Mrs. A. V. Partello, of New Tork, who
has been passing the Winter in Port
land with her son. A. A. Partello. had
planned to leave this week for China
to Join another son. Ensign M. C. Par
tello. of the United States Navy. Mrs.
Partello. however, has been obliged to
postpone her trip until the seas are
safer for travel. She is a capable and
energetic worker of Trinity Guild, and
has many friends in this city who fre
quently entertain her with charming
functions.
SPECIAXj announcements.
Miss Allen is in New Tork City and
will return the last of the month,
when she will show, as usual, the
smartest millinery models. Adv.
Handsome double Paisley shawl for
sale at sacrifice. V 10?, Oregonian.
Adv.
Journalism Students Guests.
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON. Eugene,
Feb. 17. (Special.) All upper class
and sophomore women majoring in
journalism, were entertained by Theta
Sigma Phi, the women's National jour
nalistic fraternity, Thursday evening.
The purpose of the -aMitertainment was
to stimulate interest in newspaper work
among the co-eds and to Induce them
to take a more active part in college
journalism. Professor E. W. Allen, dean
of the school of journalism, and Miss
Grace Edgington, of Eugene, and a
graduate of the university, poke to the
active members of the fraternity, and
the invited guests.
v ;
jfr&nsferrfrz? & SO Jtunf SomZr from a? Ordnance h&?on
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A 22-.Pbu.ri eZ 'Orojo Bomb"
BT RENE BACHE.
WHAT may fairly be called the
most remarkable, of recent war
contrivances is-an American in
vention (as yet undescrlbed in print),
which has been developed and adopted
by the United States ar Department
for therdefense of coast fortifications.
It is, in effect, an aeroplane of small
size that swims, flies and dives.
The device in question is called an
"aerial torpedo." It is fired from a gun
somewhat resembling an ordinary tor
pedo tube, and carries a heavy load of
high, explosive. Landing upon the
water, it skims hydroplane fashion
over the surface, then rises high into
the air. flies for a considerable dis
tance, and suddenly plunges directly
downward at the enemy warship that
Is the target.
Details of the mechanism of this re
markable instrument of attack are
carefully kept secret, and. for the pres
ent at least, will not be made public.
All that can be said in addition is that
the flying torpedo is driven through
the air by a propeller like that of an
aeroplane; and that the , range of be
projectile ii made extremely accurate
by adjusting It, before it starts, for a
certain definite distance of llight.
la the European "War.
A'erlal torpedoes of types less highly
developed are now being urfed In the
European war. The term is technically
restricted to high-explosive projectiles
that, after being fired, are driven
through the air by self-contained
means of propulsion. Such means, in
the case of the new American inven
tion, as well as for foreign contriv
ances of the kind, consist of a mechan
ism that employs compressed air to run
the propeller. There is also a modern
gyroscope to keep the projectile point
ed in the right direction. In short, the
mechanism corresponds exactly to that
of a submarine torpedo.
Ever since the war began the Amer
ican Government has been active in
working out problems relating to
bombs these instruments of destruc
tion having figured in the European
conflict so conspicuously as to make it
manifest that in future they will play
an important part in the fighting busi
ness. The aerial torpedo, of course, is
merely an automobile bomb of large
size.
All bombs contain charges of high
explosive. Smallest of them are the
missiles (commonly called spherical
in shape, for accurate throwing! used
so effectively in the present .war in
hand-to-hand fighting, in the trenches
and in the ferocious strife that marks
the struggles, from house to house, for
the possession of villages. But the
American War Department has devoted
most of its attention to the develop
ment of whit are known as "drop
bombs," which are made to be dropped
from aeroplanes and dirigible balloons.
The drop-bombs are of seven differ
ent kinds. First, there is the "light"
bomb, weighing (with its high-explo
sive charge) up to 15 pounds. Seconder
Is the "medium" bomb, from 15 to SO
pounds. Third is the "high-capacity"
bomb, above 30 pounds, A warplane
will commonly carry tn 16-pound
bombs such gravity missiles being let
(all by. an electric contrivance which
States for Defence S3grafn&i Z3om &-Z?ror p in &
Aeroplanes.
enables the aviator to liberate them,
one at a. time, by touching a button.
Tandem Bombs.
The foreign warplanes usually, carry
their bombs strung along horizontally
beneath the wings of the flying ma
chine. In American fighting aeros of
the newest pattern, however, they are
suspended, one above another, inside
the "fusilage," the plaoe in which the
aviator sits. As he liberates them, one
after another, they fall through an
opening beneath him.
The "high-capacity" bomb, carrying
a big charge of high explosive. Is de
signed for purposes of wholesale demo
lition. Dropped upon a fort, upon
buildings or in trenches, it is expected
to smash things all to pieces and to
serve the purpose of a mine, though
coming from aloft.. Bombs of this sort
weighing 1100 pounds are now carried
by giant Russian aeroplanes machines
of such size that a dozen men may go
up in them. - .
The fourth of the seven kinds of
bombs is the "fragmentation" type,
which, on bursting, flies into a multi
tude or pieces. It is meant for use
against troops. Fifth is the "pyrotech
nic" bomb, which, liberating a para
chute that -carries a magnesium light
of great brilliancy, enables the night-
flying aviator to find a safe landing-
place tor his machine.
, Sixth . the "sub-'.arine" bomb, -which
Is meant for attacking submarine
boats. Perhaps the' most novel and pic
turesque reature of the present war
has been the occasional duels between
undersea craft and flying machines.
Against the latter the submarine can
not always gain safety by diving: for
it cannot go very deep, on account of
the water pressure, and- the aviator
overhead can see it moving like a
shadow through the water, and drop a
bomb upon it the bomb being so con
trived (with a delay-action fuse) us not
to explode until it has reached a depth
of 40 feet.
Seventh is the "return-action" bomb,
a most remarkable instrument of de
struction. It is. in fact, a projectile
within a projectile. The bomb, of large
size and cylindrical, with a conical
nose, when let fall from aloft, buries
Itself deep in the ground perhaps for
nearly its entire length. Its impact
causes a detonating cap to fire a charge
of gunpowder in .its nose end, and
thereby a high-explosive shell is
thrown out through the rear end Into
the air. This shell, in bursting, expels
an umbrella-like shower of missiles.
Necessarily, these various types of
bombs differ, in shape suitable to the
purposes for which they are employed.
For the ordinary kind carried by aero
planes, however, the form of explosive
container adopted by the War Depart
ment is that of an elongated pear, the
lower and larger end terminating in a
point. Such a drop-bomb, of 22 pounds
weight, carries 5H pounds of the picric
acid compound called "dunnlte."
Hitting the Mark.
The pear-shaped bomb -has at its up
per end a short cylinder of steel, inside
of which is a small four-bladed con
trivance of brass resembling a pro
peller, mounted horizontally on a
screw-thread. . Wnen the missile is
dropped from aloft the air resistance
(exerting the force of a high wind)
causes the propeller to unwind itself
rapidly from the screw-thread and fall
off. thus releasing the mechanism,
which, when the bomb strikes, causes
the latter to explode.
Accuracy of marksmanship in bomb
dropping from aeroplanes moving at a
rate of 50 miles an hour or more can be
attained, only. by. much practice, of
course. Uncle Sam's Army aviators are
being diligently trained in this kind
of work, and many experiments have
been made to ascertain Just bow much
allowance mast be given for height, air
resistance and other factors, in order
that the gravity projectile may hit the
target.
The bomb, when dropped, does not
fall vertically. Carrying with it the
momentum of the aeroplane, it falls in
a slant. The degree of the slant baa
to be considered, and the allowance to
be made for it has an obvious relation
to the heisht from which the bomb
start. The problems involved hava
been elaborately worked out by Army
experts on a mathematical basis, giv
ing tables of figures that are useful to
the airmen in their reckoning.' But. of
necessity, nothing but actual practice
and plenty of it can develop accuracy
in bomb-dropping.
Hand Bombs.
The small hand bombs so much, used
by the contending European armies for
fighting at close quarters, no matter
what their shape, are. properly speak
ing, grenades. The War Department is)
even now engaged in working out im
provements on these frightful missiles,
with a view to making them easier to
handle and more destructive. They are
now being manufactured in large quan
tities in American arsenals.
The American hand grenade, as now1
developed, is unlike any used abroad.
It is the invention of Colonel Edwin B.
Babbitt, an ordnance officer of tba
Army, and is simply a stout steel tuba
2H inches In diameter containing five
ounces of high-explosive, the latter be
ing set off by a percussion cap and a,
"detonator" of mercury fulminate A.
front compartment contains the firing
pin. But this compartment, when tha
missile is not required for use. is filled
by a wood block, which makes tha
grenade harmless.
When the grenade is to be used, a
tin cap that covers the front compart
ment is removed by the soldier, the
block Is taken out and the firing rufc
is thereby made free to operate. The
thrown missile strikes Its target and
by the impact the pin is driven back
upon the cap. The cap then ignites tha
detonator and the latter sets oft tha
high-explosive charge. To accomplish,
this the front end of the grenade must
hit its target. Accordingly, the missile
carries at its rear end a long tail of
cord, raveled out tassel fashion for
half its length. This tail serves exact
ly the same purpose as the feather oS
an arrow, keeping the grenade, from
wobbling or turning butt-end foremost.
When desired, for long-distance throw
ing, the tail may be held in the hand
and the projectile swung about tha
head of the thrower, to give it velocity.
When not needed for immediate usa
the grenade la kept in a tinned-Iron
tube, made damp proof by a cap. The
cap can be removed in a moment by a.
twist of the fingers that pulls off tha
soldered strip securing it. A light
carrying pouch that holds four gren
ades is provided with a strap that
passes over the soldier's head.
- Uncle Sam's soldiers are now sup
plied, also, with ride grenades, some
what similar in pattern (though tha
firing mechanism is different), each of
which has, in place of a tail, a long
steel rod that is meant to be introduced
into the bore of the gun. The rod has
a movable ring, adjustment of which
fixes the distance to which it pene
trates the bore. By this simple means
range Is determined. For the longest
ranjre the rod Is thrust Into the rifle
barrel for its full length; for shortest
range the ring is so set that the rod
enters only a few Inched.
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