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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 12, 1916)
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, NOVEMBER 12, 1910. EXPEDITION BY LEWIS AND CLARK TO "OREGON COUNTRY'- FULL OF THRILLING EXPERIENCES - L fc .,, .. - - i. n ... . Eva Emery Dye Describe Scenes Met by Explorers on Trip of 8000 Miles Into Wilds of New Land Indians Friendly and Hostile at Times During Long Journey in Which Sacajawea Acted as Guide for White Men. II kJy ill : STORIES OF OLD OREGON BY EVA EMERY DIE. The stirring tales of old Ore gon, -with, all their wonderful color, life, romance and historic accuracy, as related by Eva Emery Dye In her famed book, "Stories of Old Oregon." are be ing presented in installments it The Sunday Oregonian, with i! lustrations provided by the au thor. Mrs. Dye. who is a resident of Oregon City, has written a num ber of remarkable books, includ ing "McLoughlin and Old Ore gon" and "The Conquest." These books brought into life and be ing the treasured characters of Lewis and Clark. Dr. John Mc Loughlin, Sacajawea and others. The stories of old Oregon are made simple for the special ben efit of children. Other chapters will be published in succeeding issues of The Sunday Oregoniaru The Story of Lewis and Clarlc THOMAS JEFFERSON may be called our first great expansion ist. His far-seeing eye looked beyond the old Atlantic line to a do main from sea to sea. His was the famous Louisiana Purchase in 1803 that at one stroke joined an empire to our inland border. Even before the flag of France came down, and the Stars and Stripes went up. Jefferson had an expedition under way to explore "the Oregon country." Jefferson was Minister to France in "Washington's day. A frequent guest at his table in Paris was John Ledyard, the American who had been with Cap tain Cook on his northwest voyage. All unconscious that his words were soon to bear rich fruits in Boston, Ledyard had gone to France. Here Jefferson met him and became his friend. "Why,' Mr, Jefferson," he was wont to say, "that Northwest land belongs to us. I felt I breathed the air of home the day we touched at Nootka Sound. The very Indians are Just like ours. I felt I knew them. And furs that coast is rich in beaver bear and otter. For old cast-off clothes we bought a few otter skins. Six of the finest skins were purchased for a dozen green glass beads! Bless me! When we got to China, if the mandar ins didn't come down and pay us $10, 000 for that accidental stock of fursl And most of them had been used In the bunks all Winter for bed clothes. JZF n tWi rtyi YSom CSarA: too. We , never thought of selling them. Skins Brlns Hundreds of Dollars. "Skins that" did not cost a sixpence sold for $100. No wonder the men were wild to give up exploring and become traders. But they would not let us. Depend upon It, Mr. Jefferson, untold fortunes lie untouched at the back of the United States. The Amer ican Revolution invites us to a thor ough investigation of the continent. Who but we should have the honor?" . Jefferson returned to America, filled with visions of that unknown West. As oon as he became President, Jef ferson secured from Congress an ap propriation to send an expedition to the Pacific. Who could say the Mis souri and the Columbia might meet in those far-off fields. It was part of the old dream, a waterway to India. To the chief command Jefferson ap pointed his private secretary, Meri weather Lewis, a nephew of the Lewis that married George Washington's sis ter. Lewis himself chose for his com panion Captain William Clark, broth er of the famous George Rogers Clark that won Indiana and Illinois for us in the days of the Revolution. By hap py fortune, now another of the family was to push that empire on to the Pa cific. Lewis and Clarlc Both Youngr. Lewis and Clark were both young, both were brave, both had been with "Mad Anthony" Wayne In his victories over the Ohio Indiams. Now their names were to be linked with our Northwest land forever. When Lewis and Clark started Ohio was the most western state. All was wilderness beyond. There wen? only 6.000.000 people in the country then. And yet that 6.000.000 of trapping and hunting and farming Americans re quired a vast amount of room. They were crossing over the Mississippi and into the Spanish country, even before Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase. He was almost obliged to make It; our people were so determined to control that great river. The idea of being bottled up by a foreign settlement down there at New Orleans was Intolerable. So when NapUleon Bonaparte got hold of New Orleans and needed money to carry on his wars, he was more than glad to sell the whole country to us enough to make three or four countries the size of France. When Lewis and Clark reached th old French-Spanish town of St. Louis, they assisted in the transfer to the United States Govern men. Salotes Fired an Journtr starts. In May, 1804, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis with soldiers guides and sup plies. The frontier town turned out to see them start. Hats an handker chiefs waved, salutes were fired. Their long, light and narrow boats shot up the river and disappeared In that primeval West, known only to an occa sional trappsr and to Indian tradition. The whole country watched the ex pedition with keenest Interest. Neither Livingstone In -darkest Afrloa, nor Franklin at the Pole, was followed with warmer heart throbs. Their safe ty was prayed for and their silence mourned over, "National honors waited to be showered upon the returning heroes. Working their way no the Missouri, Lewis snd Clark passed the future site of Omaha, and on. on Into .the land where Ulawatba found his Mlnne- ha. The Winter of 1804-05 was spent among the Mandan Indians, In the flare of Winter cann-f Ires did they see the future city of Bismarck, with her solid blocks, her- ll.Oou.OoO bridge and her wheat fields there today? Jearney Drags oa Into April. April saw them gliding westward. taking with them Charboneau, a French interpreter, and his Indian wife, Sacajawea. the wonderful "bird wom- n, who, with her baby, crossed the continent and back again. Game was everywhere. Bands of antelope swam the Missouri: swarms of deer and elk. tame and confiding, scarcely ran at their approach. Buffalo everywhere were feeding on the plains sometimes mild as herds of cattle, sometimes bel lowing over fords, a seething, strug gling, black mass in the waters. April e they reached the Tellow Rock River, now the Yellowstone. In May they camped upon a river where big-horned sheep were numerous. Clark named it the Judith, for the sweetheart he had left in Virginia. May 26 Lewis caught sight of moun tains Shining Mountains. Snowy Moun tains, Stony Mountains, men had called these vague and far-off heights. Lewis fixed the name fore ver Rocky Moun tains. In June Lewis, who had gone ahead. discovered the great falls of the Mis souri. The roaring of the cataract he heard aevea miles away. Like Hia Journeyed westward, westward. L.e!t Die fleetest deer behind him. Left U;e ftntelcpe and bison, Pmiie.l tr-e mount ulna of the prairie. Passed tn land f Crotva and Foxm. Psseu the d-velllng- of trie Biackfeet. Came unto tile Kooky Mountain. To the Kingdom or the West-Wind. Falls Seeaa to Attract Animal. These falls seemed to be a rendez vous for all the wild animals in the country. Thousands of impatient buf fftloes pushed each other along the steep, rocky paths to the water: dozens went over the cataract, to feed the bears and wolves below. Here Lewis and Clark discovered the ferocious grizzly bear, the king of - Western beasts. Unlike their smaller Eastern brethren, these great Montana bears at tacked men unprovoked. It was not safe for one man to go out alone to any distance. They growled around the camp at night and chased them in ti-i day. Once a huge grizzly chased Cap tain Iewis Into the river. On July 4 they heard strange boom ing, like cannonading. In the moun tains. The French voyageurs said it was caused by. the bursting of rich veins of sliver. Now we know ft was thunder, -but all the land was full of mystery to those very first explorers. Cutting down a big round Cottonwood, they sawed it into wheels and drove a boat around the falls. Again launched on July 16, they- passed through the Gates of the Mountain to a country where Sacajawea said the river had three forks. Sure enough, in a short time they found and proudly named the Jefferson. Madison and Gallatin forks of the Missouri. In August they camped between two little rills one found its way to the Mississippi and the Gulf; the other fed the river of the West, the Columbia. One of the men straddled the ..ead water of the Missouri and thanked God that at last they had come to the end of this "endless river," 2000 miles from St. Louis. For the first time white men stood upon the Great Divide of North America. Knd of Water Route Is Found The water route was ended. The boats were hidden among the rocks. Horses must now'be had to carry them over the heights beyond. Sacajawea said: "This was the camping spot; yon der is the camping spot where I was captured; below Is the Summer resort of my people, the Shoshones." Eagerly they looked for Sacajawea's people. Of them the route must be learned and horses purchased. A Shoshone horse man came In sight. Paralyzed he looked upon the white men then fled like a frightened deer. No calls could bring him back. Following the well-worn trail. Cap tain Lewis came upon two women. They could not escape. He loaded them with gifts. 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M, Botsford, president Botsford Advertising Company; Mr. D. A. Dinsmoor, sales mana ger Olds, Wortman & King. When Submitting Your Slogan SiT.: dress in full, and send it in a sealed envelope to the iloufe of Baldwin, 246 Hawthorne avenue, Portland, Oregon, where it shall be held for the attention of the judges. Retain This Announcement for Reference. Work Out Your Slogan, You May Be the Winner of This $25 Prize T)fftlsjtQ Catalogues and any desired information regarding this J-(JUh,lUlo contest or Our Low-Expense-Low-Price-Selling-Plan upon request. 0pen Evenings Until Christmas PORTLAND PIANO TUNING, REPAIRING & MFG. CO. (Just at Fact End of Hawthorne P-ridgel Expense, Low Price, High Quality 214-46-48 Hawthorne Ave, Portland, Or. way to 60 mounted warriors. A wom an looked upon Sacajaws-a they fled into each other's arms. They had been girls together, had been captured In the same Battle, had shared the same captivity. One had escaped to her own people; the other had 'been sold as a slave in the land of the IJakotas. Captain Lewis appointed a council and summoned Sacajawea to interpret. With tears of joy she began., when, lifting her eyes to the cnlef. she recog nized her own brother. Cameahwalt. She ran to his side, threw her blanket over his head, wept upon his bosom. Of course, after that everything was done that Shoshones could do. Horses were bought and food roasted salmon. Then Lewis knew he was on the waters flowing to the Pacific, He named the stream from which the fish were taken Salmon River. Indian Galdea Cross Blonntalna. With Shoshone 'guides tney star.-i across the mountains. Snow - et In; men and horses fell from exhaustion. N'o game was there; they lived on dogs and horses. In this trip across the Idaho of today two great forks of the Columbia were named the no. for Clark, who, saw it first, the south for Lewis, who first approached its rocky shores. In late September, worn out with hardships, cold and hunger, they reached the land of the Nez Perces. upon the Clearwater Kiver. The --r. Perce brought them food. Indian tra dition tells us that they thought ; .e cold made the strangers' faces white, so they built big fires and wrapped their guests with buffalo robes. When.streamlng with perspiration, the men put off the robes, the 'solicitous Indians ran and put them on again. Then Captain Clark rose snd told them of the Great Father at Washing ton, who had sent them to visit his children, and presented them with medals prepared for this purpose. The words of that council wore - handed down for generations. Flues pre sented were sent by Americans 50 years later. . Medals are occasionally dug up to this day. Here Lewis and Clark built canoen. and. leaving their harses In care of the hospitable .Nei Perces, embarked for the downward trip to the sea. Romantic Scenes Are Visited. Day by day they passed by wild, romantic scenes, wh'ere white man's foot had never trod. Word flew ahead. When they reached the Co lumbia 2o Indians advanced In pro cession to greet them with drums and singers. The next day they encoun tered 18 canoes, where there were in conceivable multitudes of salmon." Indians everywhere were drying fish. In the "hi'sh country" of .t he Walla Walla they caught sight of a moun tain, "of conical form, covered with, snow."' which, of course, was Mount Hood. Later Clark climbed a cliff 2i0 feet above the water and siiw what Phs- tl CROCHET HANDKERCHIEF EDGINGS FOR CHRISTMAS GIFTS ll " ' "WJ,"'.'"'"" -'" " w Miawnssniaaiapi wxmi.i, i m.mm m .n yi. 1 jm ija. "Ms my sfntv "a ' km ays 1 ai "m" ' ' "i '"' J Flip :,i; ; '''wll r '. " ' i' 'as'aasK-lfr , . j. -.. ... sv . c J j-.i Iv m3' ill i mm The following directions for these J handkerchief edgings are .simple and J accurate. There is no gift more ac ceptable in the long list of Inexpensive, t remembrances for Christmas than I prettily edged handkerchief. No. 100 thread should be used. J No. 1. Handkerchief with roll stitch , edging. First row Fasten thread, to- edge of handkerchief, and make open meshes 4 with chain of 3 between -all around handkerchief. Second row ST. at. over first open mesh, ch. 3, sl. et. over same mesh, ch. S, skip 2 open meshes and over the next mesh m-ke a cluster of 6 roll Batches with a picot between the) third and fourth rolls thread over hook 8 times, hook through mesh, thread over hook, draw thread through thread over hook. ' draw thread through all stitches on hotk, ch. 1 to fasten this makes one roll stitch; kip 2 open meshes, sL st. over next; repeat from around. . No. 2. Handkerchief with roll stitch, edging: First row Fasten thread to edge of handkerchief and make open meshes with chain of i between all "around handkerchief. Second row SL st. over first open mesh,, ch. 5, skip 1 open mesh, over next open mesh make a c'- ".er of 3 roll stitches the roll stitcl.i made the same aa description fur . roll stitch edging No. 1; ch. 6. skip 1 open mesh. sL st. over next open mesh, re peat from around. Third row Sl. st. to third stitch of ch. of 5. ch. 5, sl. St. between first and second rolls, ch. B, sl. St. between 2d and 3d rolls, ch. 5, skip 3 stitches of ch. of 5 and sl. st. Into next stitch, ch. S. repeat from around. No. 3. Handkerchief with ro'.l stitch edging: First row Fasten thread to edge of handkerchief and make' open meshes with chain of S between all around hand kerchief. ' Second row SI. St. over first open mesh. ch. 5, skip 1 open mesh, over next' make 3 roll stitches with ch. of 2 between each roll stitch the roll stitches made the same aa description for roll stitch edging No. 1. ch. 6, skip 1 open mesh. sl. st. over next: repeat from around. Third row Sl. st. S stitches oa ?b of 6. ch. 3. sl. st. between first and second rolls, ch. 3, st st. between second and third rolls, ch. 3. skip 2 stitches of ch. of 5. sl. st. Into next. eh. 3. al. st- into third stitch of ch. of 5. repeat from around. No. 4. Handkerchief with cluny edg ing: First row Fasten thread to edge of handkerchief and make open meshes with chain of 3 between all around handkerchief. Second row SL st- over first open mesh. ch. 6. skip 1 open mesh, over next open mesh make cluster of 3 cluny petals with ch. 3 between each petal, ch. 3, skip 1 open mesh, sL st. over next repeat from around. Make cluny petals In clusters of 3 petals aa follows: t .Make 3 double trebles, ch. S. 3 d. tr.. ch. 5. No. 5. Handkerchief with tatting edging: Made with shuttle only. A double row. r. S d. .. p. 5 d. a.; leave a short thread: r. 3. p. 4. d. a. between (bet-1. leave thread; large r.. 5 d. s.. Join small ! r.. 6 p.. 2 d. a. .bet.. 6 d. s.; r. 4, d. a. Join. 2 p. 4. d. s. bet. Repeat. ?