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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 22, 1916)
THE SUNDAY OKEGOXIAX, PORTLAND, OCTOBER 22, 1916. TRADE PROTECTION HELD GREAT NEED Hughes Tel!s Workmen at Jop lin America Must Meet Post-War Crisis. TARIFF IS NECESSARY TYPICAL CROWD OF SORT GREETING HUGHES EVERYWHERE. . . ... r ' 7. As "wnf, TV-Jar aW " 1 y - ft Flans for Safeguarding Industry and Labor Against European In vasion Urged Enduring Pros perity intimate Aim. Aboard the Hughes Special.) JOFLIN, Mo., Oct. .13. (Special.) In a big circus tent, seating 6000, and with 2000 others standing ac the outer edge of the canvas, Charles E. Hughes de livered to an audience made up largely of men working- in the famous Jopllu zinc mines one of his most effective addresses dealing with industrial pre paredness and conditions after the war. Mr. Hughes chose this topic lor JopUn, as he felt that that community was peculiarly one- that would feel the evil effects of a free trade law after peace is restored in Europe. The cheers that punctuated his Bpeech at frequent in tervals were sufficient testimonial to his wisdom in selecting his subject. American Protection t'rged. Coupled with his discussion of condi tions after the war, Mr. Hushes point ed out that trade expansion trade with foreign lands only can come about when the- United States stands behind those of its citizens who go forth into the world to carry American trade- and only when every American citizen ami every American ship goes forth with the assurance that it will have the full pro tection of the American flag ami what that flag stands for. This assertion brought forth tremendous applause and cheers. In the course of his speech at Joplin Mr. Hughes said: "We have at this time a very un healthy condition tn this country. Our opponents seek to make much political capital of the condition of prosperity that is now enjoyed. I hardly think that they can expect that the people of the United States are so lacking in memory of conditions of only two years ago and of the causes of the present abnormal prosperity that they will succeed in persuading them that they who impoverished workingmen and closed plants have created such benefi cent conditions as they say we now have. (Applause.) Facts Must Be Faced. "There can be no serious doubt in the mind of any student of our eco nomic conditions that American enter prise is at present under a stimulus which will very shortly be withdrawn. We must look the facts squarely in the face; and I propose to refer briefly to the more general conditions that con cern all the people of our country. And I might say that it is perfectly idle in formulating policies to Buppose that we can get along in separated units without a common prosperity. We want the workingmen in. Massachusetts to make shoes and wo want the miners in Joplin to have- the great benefit of the vast resources of this country in pro ducing zinc ore. We want, in other words, proper attention paid to the de velopment of American industry in every part of our land. War Stimulates American Trade. "Now we find a condition of this character: On the other side of the water millions of men have been with drawn from production. They were on farms and in mines and In factories and in shops: and now they are in trenches fighting. The result of this Is that there was a great demand for American products of every kind. Eu rope stretched forth her hands to take every conceivable product of American plants in order that it might supply in each of these nations its great need. "You cannot take this great host of figbtine men oat of tbe pursuits of peace without leaving a void that Homebody iiiwst fill. America rushed In to till that void. Almost overnight, un der th stimulus of tills abnormal de mur tl, our exports jumped to fabulous figures. "It was not simply with respect, to munitions of war, it was with respect to foodstuffs of every variety, to all our metals, to everything that we pro duced. Our exports jumped hundreds per cent, thousands per cent. Stimulant Is Abnormal. "Of course, this was an abnormal stimulant. There might be some with intoxicated fancy who are indulging in fantastic dreams; but the sober people of America know that America cannot live on a stimulus of that character. They know we must have a sound basis lor American enterprise. (Applause, j They know proper governmental policies must be followed, and that ihey must take account of the ordi nary conditions of peace. "Now. the preblem that is in front of every sober-minded American at this lime, whatever his employment, I am now speaking generally, is this: What will be our condition when the Euro pean war ends, what will be our con dition when these millions of fighting men return to work, what will be our condition, when, instead of consuming wealth, they go" back, to producing wealth? "We can easily understand that sev eral things will happen. In tjie first place, those workingmen who have been engaged in providing that which is necessary and consumable in war fare will suddenly find- their employ ment gone. In the next place, the labor that has been devoting itself to the filling of this abnormal demand caused by the decrease in production of every variety of product on the other side will be left without that demand, to compete with the other labor of this country that is devoting Itself to the filling of those demands which would exist under normal conditions. Competition to Be Keen. "We have a great percentage of labor at this time devoting itself to filling demands for products which can not exist when the war is over. The fact that labor is now employed in that way on such a large scale creates a purchasing power, a very much in creased purchasing power, in . this country. That results in a stimulus to trade in every direction because of the presence of so many who have this in creased purchasing power, due to this demand on the other side of the water which is of a temporary character. "When that demand Is withdrawn you will have labor without the em ployment which it now bai, In large degree compettiie with the other labor iter dcil In normal times, and on top of that a reduced purchasing power af fecting American trade throughout the country. And not only that, you will have tbe .products of Europe which will then be produced In competition with our products. "These men, millions of them, who are now fighting. will be making goods, products of various sorts, and they will be sending those products here. Those who have been taken from industry will go back to their peaceful activities. "We havet accumulated stores of P v-f veri 4 '-rr s - ' r sr - C " r$ r f V -v A - ' fcta,. -jutiYfn ifn'-) I'M! TMfcjii'tjrr j' Photo copyright by Underwood. GATHERING AT PARKKltSAl'RG, O. According to local estimators, the population of the town of Parkersb urg, O., turned out en masse when Charles Evans Hughes. Republican can didate for President, spoke there a few days ago on his third swing around the Western "political circle. A special speaker's platform was built di rectly in, the middle of the main street in front of the courthouse. SI Itoldyousix months ago in interviews and in my ad vertisingthat there would be a great advance in the price of clothing for men and women. You know how that my predictions came true ; no matte'r where or what grade clothes you buy, I tell you now to buy and fully supply your clothes needs at once, as there will be still greater advances in the prices of all wearing , apparel for the Spring season. Our store is v stocked to the limit with the best and most dependable clothes for men and women that can be gotten together. Chesterfield Suits and Overcoats' for Men $20 to $50. Ladies' : Finest Suits priced $30 to $100. " Ladies' Fine Velour Du Nord, Bolivia, Wool Velours and Tweed Coats priceoV$20 to $S5. t will be our real pleasure to show you any garments you may wish to see. V Store of Style and Quality R. M. 'GRAY. . Corner Washington and West Park gold. That gold is naturally sought to buy goods. There are great war debts to be paid. ' They are paid by produc tion. "Europe will be stimulated to the highest drKTee by production. M.et no body think that becnuse of the war Europe will be less proficient In pro duction. "That is an extraordinary mistake. War factories on the other side have been developed for the purpose of sup plying munitions of war; but they are so developed that they can be readily turned, with little or no expense, into factories for the manufacture of prod ucts needed in peace. Engineers and workmen now making explosives will readily turn themselves to making the ordinary articles of commerce. Europe Plana for Induatry. 'I read the other day in the bulletin of the Chamber of Commerce of Paris of a series of factories constructed for war purposes that had been established in France, which were convertible into peace factories, providing Instantly, on the cessation of war, manifold oppor tunities for efficient production in peace. That was only one example. I read at the same time of syndicates, great associations, grouping together impor tant industries, such as coal, metal, dyeing and other industries grouping them together so as to "perfect a pow erful economic organization with ref erence to the time of peace. That is not peculiar to France; that is true in every one of the belligerent nations. It is commendable planning and foresight with respect to the coming days of peace. . "Europe is disciplined as never be fore. Those lessons that are being taught in war are not military lessons exclusively. It is a great mistake to suppose that what is going on on the other side is simply discipline with re spect to lighting. There is an ex traordinary discipline there which will be available In time of peace. There is a lesson of co-operation, a lesson of economic needs, a lesson of methods of organization, a lesson in every depart ment of effective management which will never be forgotten. European Efficiency Greatest. "The nations abroad are better pre pared today to turn to the pursuits of peace than they were before the war started. They know themselves better. They know their resources better. They know how to work better. They know how to produce better. Efficiency has been carried to the highest degree. "Now, what is the import of this to America? Here we shall have employ ment ceasing for a large percentage of our labor. We shall have purchasing power greatly reduced because of re duced opportunities of labor; and we shall have in connection with that a very severe commercial rivalry, an in tense rivalry to get the American mar ket. What Is prudent in such a case? I do not care to debate ancient theo ries. I do not care to talk about out worn doctrines. I merely tell yon and everybody in the United States that thin Is no time to be fooled with mere doctrinaire no tions. This Is the time to protect Amer ican industry. (Applause.) It has sot to be done. "On the other side we have no hope. our friends-on the other side never be lieved In. a protective tariff. They told us four years ago that It was uncon stitutional to- have a protective tariff. That is a perfectly indefensible view of the Constitution, "never approved, by court or people. They told us, however, that they proposed to have the tariff for revenue only. - They gave us a tariff framed with the application of that principle, and what was the re sult? We have beeen talking about con ditions created by the European war, These were not conditions created by the Democratic party. "Now let us turn to the conditions that were created by the Democratic party, conditions which we had 18 months ago. (Laughter and applause.) We found then an extraordinary situa tion. The Underwood bill was passed. There was great apprehension before its- passage. There was more appre hension after its passage. Following tnat time we nad, instead of expansion of industry, contraction. Instead of In creased output, reduced output. Instead of opportunities and Increased oppor tunlties for work, lessened opportuni tiesfor work. The unemployed walked the streets of our cities looking in vain for work. It was a day of souphousea. a aay or municipal relier. Intelligent Government Seeded. "The- other day I was in Gary, Ind, There is a place that has sprung up, as you Know, in iu years, with ex traordinary plants and other resources for successful development and oppor tunities for trade, but 18 months ago there were souphouses in Gary. There were 300,000 of the unemployed looking for work in the City of New -York. There were unemployed throughout our country. Men were able, alert. Amer ica was just as good as ever. Her minds, her resources, her departments of ac tivity were just as good as ever. The men were as alert, as resourceful, as keen, as intelligent as ever; but you have got to have more than natural resources. Tou have got to have more than human resources. You have got to have intelligent government if you have prosperity in this country. (Ap plause.) "And so it happened ihatthe unem ployed were seeking In vain for work. I picked up a circular of the labor union in Indianapolis issued in Jan uary, I think it was, 1915. telling work ingmen not to come there. There had never been such unemployment in their history as they had at that time. They must Btay away from there. We know how, in various cities, our administra- j tions were taxed to provide municipal work of some sort and to provide means for feeding the hungry. Now, if you want to know what will happen when this abnormal de mand created by the European war stops, look at what happened before that abnormal, demand arose. You have got to have a different policy in this country. You have got to have a wise, intelligent, careful adjustment of our tarlfj. I do not propose abuses. do not propose to tolerate abuses through tariff adjustments or any other way, but 1 do think that we are great enough and able enough In this coun try not to fail to use great govern mental powers to protect honest en terprises, simply because we are afraid of evils, which we can correct and will correct. Democrats Mixed on Tariff. We must have in these matters an Intelligent examination of the facts. I said a moment ago that our. opponents were sarins; four years u that a pro tective tariff was unconstitutional. They don't say much about that now. They talk of momentous changes created by the European war. Well, tnere nave been momentous changes, but they have not changed the Consti tution of the United States. (Laughter.) They don't tell us exactly what they propose to. do. They have been a party devoted to a tariff for revenue only. The other day the leader in the House of Representatives had thi3 to say: The Democratic theory,-as I have always understood it. Is a tariff for revenue oniy, ana men ne added: The man who believes that import duties should be made merely a question of progress and developments of business is bound to favor the repeal of the Underwood act, for not a section or paragraph or sentence or line In that act was conceived or written upon any sucn tneory. That is what the leader in the House had to say with regard to the principles of our opponents. And say this: That if they don't stand for a tariff for revenue only, they are, so far as the tariff is concerned, a party wiinoui any Known principle whatever. (Applause.) Commissions Do Not Legislate. "Now, they say that they will give us a tariff commission. I believe In a tariff commission. I don't quite Know now mucn tney believe In ir notice that a little while ago they de nounced it. I notice they have not made provision for a permanent board. They have got a weakling there that can be starved overnight if it is not carefully fed by adequate appropria tion (laughter), and I am not sure how long it will last! but, this I do know, that tariff commissions do not legislate it is Congress that legislates. if you want n protective tariff, have ti malortty In Congress that believes in at protective tariff. (Great applause.) xnat. m my judgment, is the only way you - will get a protective tariff. f5r whatever tariff commissions may pro pose, you have got to get the bill through Congress and voted for bv majority who believe in the principle tnat tne Din embodies. "You can make your voices known, if you desire, it is perfectly idle to talk of general rules with respect to this great matter of protecting American in dustry, as though we lived in a world of theory, and not in a world of fact. We have got industries which would never have been started in this country if they had not been protected. We have industries which today would languish If they were not protected, Justice for Labor Is Aim. "If zinc ore can be brought in here through labor paid less than men here receive, why, of course it is going to be brought in at your expense, and' no amount of theory can tell you the con trary. Xpu know that. We can have reasonable protection, legitimate pro tection, to American industry in these matters, Now, why do I want it? 1 do not want it simply to see statistics of production. I do not wanti It simply to see statistics of wealth. I want It to see American wages on the American scale and American workmen thrifty, happy and justly treated in this mat ter. "It is no use talking about social justice for labor if you have not any basis on which to build your structure. If. you haven't got work, there la no use talking about wholesome conditions of work. The foundation of all progress is abundance of employment; and the very basis and condition of proper hours, good wages, wholesome oppor tunities in connection with employment is employment Itself. And the policy which conserves and promotes Amer ican industry is a wise policy, because we live under free institutions where the plain people of this country may share 'in the prosperity, that results from a sound governmental policy. (Applause.) Endnrlng Prosperity 'Wan.ted. "Our friends on the other side seek to capitalize prosperity, and when the European war ends their capital is gone. (Applause.) . We cannot hope to maintain present conditions In the ab sence -ef It. We want an enduring prosperity, a soundly based prosperity. 'Then they tell us that they will hold out hopes to us of foreign trade. But when they speak of the advantages of foreign enterprise o.r of American en terprise in foreign parts in one breath. they In the next breath tell us that those who go to foreign parts with American enterprise shall have no pro tection beyond our borders. (Applause.) I think the time has come when, if we are to have full American prosperity and realization of our aspirations for the success throughout tbe world of American enterprise, we must not only have here at home wise policies of pro tectlon, but it must be understood that i American eltlsen prosecuting his business lawfully will be protected In his life and property according to his rights nnder international law wher ever he is. (Applause.) "You cannot have permanent pros perity with a decadent nation. A na tion that does not prize tbe rights of Its own people necessarily will become a decadent nation." FINAL RULING NEAR Supreme Court to Decide on Land Grant Appeal. WRIT OF CERTIORARI FILED Motion Assumes Act of Congress Is Valid and Asks Decision on For feiture That Government May Proceed Under Law. OREGONIAIs' NEWS BUREAU, Wash ington, Oct. 21. The validity of the act passed by the last Congress forfeit ing the land grant of the Oregon & California Railroad will be decided by tho Supreme Court in Its consideration of the appeal from the original decree of the District Court of Oregon of the case under a motion of writ of certiorari filed by Solicitor-General Davis today. The decree of the District Court, from which the appeal, now before the Su preme Court, was taken, provided that the lands should be forfeited because of the failure of the railroad company to keep certain agreements and covenants REGARDLESS of any statements, you can go to any reputable undertaker in Portland and get a funeral at any price you vant,t pay. No man can honorably say he sells his goods at half price, unless the com parison is based on a standard set by himself. MONTGOMERY AT FIFTH In the original grant, especially the covenant to sell for not more than $2.50 an acre. The taking effect of this decree, how ever, was postponed, for six months or until Congress should provide for tbe proper disposition of the lands, timber, etc- and provided that In case Con gress failed to act within six months the railroad company could apply for and secure a modification of the decree of forfeiture. Congress passed the act within the six months' period. As soon as the new act took effect the railroad com pany filed notice with tbe officials of Congress, the President, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Treasury as serting that the act was unconstitu tional and void and declared that the company would not assent to it. The motion made today by Mr. Davis assumes that tho act is valid and that the forfeiture should be made perma nent, lie asks for a judicial determina tion of the question of validity, how ever, before the Government proceeds further under the new act. Oiitralia Yeomen Hold Festival. CENTRALIA, Wash., Oct, 21. (Spe cial.) The annual Children's Festival of tho local lodge of Yeomen was held Thursday nighu A lengthy programme of music and recitations was rendered. eighU-prizes being awarded. The Judges were Robert Cameron, Mrs. Mcaden and t L. ;iariwell. CLASS SCRIMMAGE HELD White Salmon Hlgli School Seniors Burn Juniors' Class Colors. WHITE SALMON'. Wash., Oct. i. (Special.) A scrimmage on the campus of the Goldendale High School between the seniors and juniors was staged Thursday over - the burning of the Junior class colors. The pennant was nailed to the top of. an 80-foot pole, which was erected the day before. The rope had been reeved through and to this the seniors at tached, an oil-soaked rag, set fire to it and ran it to the mast head, ignit insr the pennant. egins Wednesday SHE DARKENED HER GRAY HAIR Kansas City Lady Darkened Her Gray Hair and Stimulated Its Growth by a Simple Home Process. She Tells now She Did It A well-known resident ' of Kansas City, Mo., who" darkened her gray hair by a simple home process, . made he following statement: "Any lady or gentleman can darken their gray or faded hair, stimulate its growth and make it soft and glossy with this sim ple recipe, which they can mix at home. To half pint of water add 1 ounce of bay rum. 1 small box of Barbo Com pound and "4 ounce of glycerine. These Ingredients can be purchased at any drugstore at very little cost. Apply to the hair every other day until the gray hair is darkened sufficiently. This mixtures relieves itching and is excellent for dandruff. 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