THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PQRTXAXP. . AUGUST 13, 1916.
LETTERS
BEER
Doctor
AS STIMILANT FAVORED
Quotes Authorities
to Show
Value of Beverage.
PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) Your correspondent from Eugene.
Or.. August 4, writing under the cap
tion of "Mother Ridicules Suggestion
That Beer Aids Nursing," calls forth
our greatest admiration for the revala
tion shrt gives us of those typical char
acteristics of our splendid American
womanhood.
She censures "physical grossness"
and is concerned about "the arrest of
mental development." We would be dis
appointed if she did otherwise.
"Pro-id mother" that she is. she dotes
upon "as healthy a pair of kiddies
physically and mentally as any proud
mother could wish for." She is Ironical
and severe in her arraignment of any
who advocate "beer for nursing moth
ers." This mother does not have a
tinge of the English Chesterton's "vice
of impartiality." We cannot mistake her
posltlcn. She is tremendously partial
to the exclusion of beer, as antagonistic
to ell physical and mental develop
ment, but when one or both of the
"pair of kiddies" to whom she refers,
return from Harvard one of these days
and I peaks of the athletic traditions of
their Alma Mater, of that great game
of 1908 when Harvard played Dart
mouth and lost on an average of seven
pounds a man, it would be a cruel re
luff to ipeak of the bottle of beer al
lowed each man at the football evening
dinner. William F. Garcelon, the grad
uate manftirer of athletics at Harvard
University, speaks of the habitual and
temperate use of beer at the training
table.
T. C. Flanagan, the famous athlete
and founder of the Irish-Canadian Club,
t-ays: "I do not advocate beer-swilling
any mora than I do over-eating; but I
do hold that beer will stand by a man,
and keep him from getting stale and
tone him up.
"Nearly all trainers of note pre
scribe beer. In fact, every single Amer
ican athletic record is held by men
who follow this principle. Martin Sheri
dan, America's all-round champion,
uses beer in his training, and so do
John Flanagan. (hat weight-hurling
brother of mine; Matt McGrath, also a.
Ftroi.g man; Melvin Sheppard, cham
pion middle-distance runner; Ralph
Rose, the great weight man; Alf
Shrubb, the world's best distance man:
Will Sherring winner of the Marathon
race in Greece; Fred Cameron, winner
of the Boston Marathon: A. F. Duffy,
the champion 100-yard runner of the
world; Tommy C'mneft, M. Sweeney,
Johnny Hayes, Tom Longboat, and a
host of others I could name."
The writer can remember the re
cuperative glass of bitter beer at end
of many a hard grind on track and
football field, and neither to the ex
clusion ol some mental grinds cum
la'ide
When C. II. Ebhetts. of the Brooklyn
National League Baseball Club, accept
ed an invitation to dinner on behalf of
his team from the New York Evening
Journal, he wrote:
"I accept with pleasure for my team.
We would request a simple dinner with
light beer and no other stimulant. This;
is our idea of tha proper drink for ath
letes in training."
May we not suggest to our corre
spondent that milk and cocoa good as
they are are not the alone and !act
words for "physical fitness"? Her "two
kiddies," if boys, will probably respond
to their "country's cnll" later on, and
learn that Dr. J. E. Pilcher, secretary
of the Association of Military Surgeons
of the United States, "Is of the opinion
that there is a certain amount of nu
triment contained in beer."
Should they win a Rhodes Scholar
ship, they will learn of some English
opinions that will not cause them to
love mother the less, as they smile tol
erantly at the memory of mother's
opinions. Mr. Gladstone said; "How
can I, who drink good wine and blttor
beer every day of my life, in a com
fortable room and among friends,
coolly stand up and advise hard-working
fellow-creatures to take the
pledge?" The words of a mental and
physical giant.
Canon Hensley Henson: "There is
real danger of associating Christianity
and total abstinence so closely as to
throw Into revolt against Christianity
that large volume of reason and of
custom in our countrymen which re
pudiates the habits and policy of total
abstinence."
Professor W. E. Dixon. M. D.. Cam
bridge University: "In moderation it is
a food, because it yields the body use
ful energy."
Arthur Shadwell. M. A.. M. D.. L.L.D..
member of the Council of Epidemio
logical Society, author of "The London
Water Supply." of "Industrial Effi
ciency." of "Drink, Temperance and
Legislation," who has FPent years in
the study of the drink question, says:
"The existence of a broad relation be
tween superior vigor and an inclina
tion for alcoholic drinks, was founded
years ago by the writer: drinking peo
ple are noticeably more energetic than
non-drinking ones. The absolute con
demnation of drink has never been in
dorsed by public opinion or by the med
ical profession, because it Is contra
dicted ty the general experience."
J. GAILBRA1TH, M. D.
1
BURNING DAHLIAS HUM'S
Expert Deelares Many Growers
Giving: Too Much Water.
Are
TLWACO. Wash.. Aug. 11. (To the
F.ditor.) A , woman dahlia grower
writes me that she has had great suc
cess selling dahlias as a cut flower.
To add keeping quality to the varieties
that are good-keeping cut-Mowers, she
burned the tip of the stem over the
gas stove, not just blackening the tip
of the stem, but by burning them until
they glow and burn. I was very glad
to know this and am sure that other
dahlia lovers will be glad to know how
to make their dahlias keep better.
But it must be borne in mind that
while we have several -thousand varie
ties of dahlias, the dahlias that have
all the good points of size, freedom of
bloom and good keeping qualities are
as yet rather few.
Of the medium size fibwers we have
now quite a few that are free bloom
ers and are good keeping cut .flowers.
But In securing dahlia for the home
yard there is always more or less dis
appointment unless varieties that have
these good points are selected. It is
always best to ascertain the qualities
of each variety before purchasing.
Unless the description of the dahlia
names these good points it may be
taken for granted it falls short of just
what a (rood dahlia ought to be and
that it will be more or less of a disap
pointment. Dahlias have been shown on flat
boards; but the time has come in
dahlia culture that if a dahlia has not
stamina enough to be exhibited in a
vase it may be almost considered more
or less of a fraud. Dahlias lose favor
because such are sold to the unknow
ing. For large flowers of any variety we
must disbranch and disbud. Disbud
two of the buds of the cluster of three,
leaving the center one. Disbranching
means breaking out the side branches
with the point of a pencil or sharp
stick that show where the large leaves
join the stem. From the top of plant
disbranch at one or two. even three
joints for the close-jointed varieties
and only one for the lons-Jolnted va
rieties. This disbranching causes branches
to sprout out down nearer the ground
and lessens the height of the bush and
its danger of breaking. But all dahlias
ought to be staked and tied securely.
Most carinas.
ike fruit trees and
roses, make more growth than they can
oring to perfection of bloom. Hence
FROM READERS
good flowers are secured by disbranch- i
ing and disbudding Judiciously.
Most persons water their dahlias far
too much. The dahlia is not an aquatic
plant. Where there is reasonable rain
they should not be watered at all un
til the buds appear. After that a good
soaking of the ground once a week,
raking the top soil loose the next day,
will give strong, sturdy plants, while
constant watering may rot the tuber
and If it grows It will be a thin and
scraggly plant.
After the plant starts to bloom It
will absorb more water, but it Is not
best to water oftener than a good
soaking once in four days if very hot
and dry. Instead of water, rake the
top soil every other day or so. keeping
the soil loose and mellow.
Many commercial growers of dahlias
sell flowers and never water at all dur
ing the entire year. The average per
son rather tries to kill his dahlias with
water.
If tips of stems cannot be burned,
placing the stems In three inch es of
hot water until It cools will add to the
keeping quality of the dahlias.
' After the stems are burned, using
water with a, teaepoonfull of salt to
a quart will help to keep the flowers.
Very late in the evening after sun
set Is the best cutting time, very early
morning next best.
Dahlias If wilted (not too bad), may
be revived by burning the stems.
These are a few facts that may be of
service to dahlia lovers and some not
gnerally known.
WALTER SEABERG.
.
"DRYS" HELD RESPONSIBLE
Writer Says Some of City's Bad Con
ditions Due to Prohibition.
PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) I have read the different opin
ions as expressed by drys and wets as
to the effect of the "great drouth" on
the city of Portland, and while I do
not blame all the depression In busi
ness to the fact that Oregon is dry. I
do know that there are more empty
stores and houses than there were
last year, and that the population of
Portland has decreased at least 20.000.
I alio know that the rents are lower
and the taxes are higher.
undoubtedly there is more monev in
i..o banks, also there is ess in circula
tion. Hoarding of money is what
causes all hard times.
The drys also State that helne- rtrtr
does not hurt the tourist traffic. A
tourist is a pern-n on a vacation, and
a person on a vacation is not the same
person that we know in every day life.
He does lots of thlngsthat he is not
in the habit of doing in his home tnwi
and taking a few glasses of beer is
one of them. And it is a fact that a
dry town is a dead town.
1 am not in favor of saloons, far
from it, but I do believe that if a
person wants a glass of beer he should
be able to buy it without making a
traveling brewery out of himself or
perjuring himself.
Getting back to what is the matter
with Portland. The whole thing in a
nutshell Is the lack of manufactories,
and the lack of manufactories shows
the absence of the booster spirit among
the Portland capitalists. There Is too
much inherited money too many es
tates. A new industry, trying to secure a
location in Portland, instead of getting
a site donated to them, is immediately
held up for more monev than ws ever
e-fkerj for the property before. It seems
to ni a criminal offense to start any
thing nr.r in our city.
for instance, what better Investment
wdtUd there be for local ranitsl than
a trfiinery. We have the hides, unlim
ited quantities of hemlock bark (the
wejyjgro hemlock is twice as valuable
foiJJinning purposes as the Eastern),
yet the hides are shipped East to be
i.uinea ana manufactured into shoes
etc., and then reshipped to the Coast.
Personally I know of two big tim
ber deal that ell through on account
of the bankers", ad vice to the effect that
timber was not a good Investment at
present' What made Portland if it
wasn't the lumber industry?
I thinrt Kipling was thinking of
Portland capitalists when lie wrote the
following:
"The lamp of youth is utterly out.
But -we shall subsist on the smell of
And whatever we do, we shall fold our
hands
And suck our gums and think well
of it.
With all our work we shall be per
fectly pleised.
And that is the perfectest hell of it."
C. L. ELLIOTT.
POLK COUSTY NATIVE POSITIVE
He I Sure Rlekreall" i Corruption
of Original "La Creole."
ST. HELENS, Or., Aug. ll.(To the
Editor.) I have been a very interested
reader of the articles by various cor
respondents in regard to the name La
Creole and I cannot agree with Mr.
Ford, of Dallas, in asserting that Rick
reall is correct. From the earliest ad
vent of the white man and for genera
tions after, they called it La Creole,
pronounced La Cre-ole or Lab. Cre-ole
wnn accent on last syllable. All of
me oiq maps or which I have any
knowledge gave it as La Creole
of the old settlers' among whom were
Lyle, Shelton and Robb. donated lnort
and founded La Creole Academy in the
early 'BOs, naming it for the stream, no
other name for the stream being known
in nie early aays.
ir my memory serves me rie-ht T.vie
and Shelton settled on the La Creole
in 1844. where Dallas Is now located.
They were the most noted and highly
respected men of their time and had
every opportunity to know the original
and correct name of the stream for
which the school was named. My father
settled on the banks of the La Creole
in 1851. and acquired a thorough
knowledge of the early history and
traditions of the community, and he.
with the rest of the early pioneers!
has passed on, not knowing that a
modem Josephus would rise up to
shatter our idols.
I was born on the banks of the La
Creole and grew to manhood there; La
Creole Academy is my Alma Mater and
the stream contains the "old swimmin'
hole" of my boyhood days;" those
scenes and names are sacred and when
I see an effort made to substitute a
meaningless name it gives me a feel
ing of sadness to know that the beau
tiful and universally known name of
La Creole is being assailed and in time
may be supplanted. The word is sup
posedly of French-Canadian origin and
was perhaps given to the stream by
the early Hudson's Bay trappers: La
Creole means " the maiden or smal
stream.
I wish to take issue with Mr. Ford on
another point; there never was a native
Indian tribe that dwelt on the banks
of the La Creole since the advent of
the white man. I would suggest that
Mr. Ford brush up his memory on this
point. It is true numerous Indians
camped on the stream, but they were
from the Grand Ronde Indian reserva
tion and not indigenous to the stream.
From these Indians I learned to talk
the language "when a boy.
The word Rickreall is a corruption
of the word La Creole and is of com
paratively recent origin; about the
year 18S5 it came into use and after
the name of the town of Dixie was
changed to Rickreall it came into gen
eral use. For Mr. Ford to claim it is
an Indian name Is a beautiful fairy
tale. History is history and if Mr.
Ford changes history I wish to warn
him. with due respect, that he will
I have a big job on his hands.
I ' A. L. SHREVE.
CENSOR METHODS RIDICULOUS
Picture Not Improved Prom Moral
Standpoint, but Butchered Ruthlessly.
PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) A cry has been raised against
the present mode of censoring motion
pictures in Portland. The motion pic
ture exhibitors, hard headed, inartistic
business men that they are, contend that
the present censoring methods have
put in Jeopardy their investments to
talling more than two million dollars
and caused Portland to lose payrolls
and rentals in favor of Seattle, They
point out that Portland Is. geograph
ically the logical distributing point for
the entire Pacific Northwest and that
were it not for Portland's frivolous
censors, many thousand of dollars year
ly would circulate through Portland's
banks that now go to swell the clearing-house
sheets of the Sound city.
Many clubwomen of the city, who do
not move in the realm of dollars and
cents but who have the morals of the
city uppermost in their minds, have said
to the picture men that the present
mode of censoring the city's pictures is
hopelessly ridiculous, absurd and In
effective. They have told the picture
men that the present mode of censoring
has not improved the city's pictures
from a standpoint of morality, but in
stead has butchered them ruthlessly,
ruined their artistic qualities and sub
jected them to the measuring sticks of
personal likes and dislikes of captious
censors.
From the preceding statements only
one conclusion can be drawn, namely,
that the present mode of censorship in
Portland censors the motion picture in
dustry and not the motion pictures.
Such a condition demands relief. If
the censorship of motion pictures is
selected as the method of protecting
the morals of the people who like mo
tion picture entertainment against un
scrupulous exhibitors, then let a cen
sorship ordinance bo promulgated that
will have that effect and at the same
time protect this popular form of the
people's entertainment against un
scrupulous censors. We know that re
formers, too. have become unscrupulous
land tyrannical when they are clothed
with unlimited authority.
The voice against the present mode
of censoring pictufes In Portland has
been heard since the very first day
that censorship ordinance number
30,154 was passed. The motion picture
men say they have pleaded with the
Mayor and have made concessions to
effect a compromise. Their efforts have
brought only promises of relief from
the Mayor, they say, promises that
have never been fulfilled.
The picture men have not been con
tent with making an outcry. They have
proposed a remedy, an ordinance which
they say. will relieve the situation.
Their ordinance provides for a censor
board of 15 menbers, selected by the
entire City Commission, and pictures
bhall be permitted to be shown in
Portland that are within the hounds of
decency and measure up to the general
standards of morality. The board Is
made accountable to the courts and to
municipal and state statutes if an ap
peal is desired, and no film can be con
demned, if the condemnation Is object
ed to. except through the due processes
of the law.
Censorship, meaning pre-publicity in
spection is not an American institution.
It savors of the star-chamber rule of
the Eliabcthan period of English his
tory. The only excuse for tolerating it
at all at this time is because the motion
picture industry is young and still ad
justing itself In the general plan of
things. Eventually unclean pictures will
censor themselves as do unclean men
and unclean things. "
Plft.NEER'S CLAIM DISPITF.D
Mr. Moorea Says Judge Thornton "Was
Not Robbed of Honors.
PORTLAND. Aug. 12. (To the Ed
itor.) In The Oregonian of Sunday
last there appears a letter from W. P.
Keady in which he declares that a dis
tinguished Oregon pioneer. Judge
Thornton, has been unjustly deprived
of honors due him for his part in an
important event In Oregon pioneer his
tory. Judge Thornton claimed, and
Mr. Keady indorses the claim, that he
was entitled to the credit of having
secured for the public school system oT
Oregon a grant of not only the 16th
but of the 36th section of every town
ship in the Oregon Territory. Mr.
Keady credits Judge Thornton with hav
ing originated the legislation that has
given to the common school fund of
Oregon and other states afterwards ad
mitted the additional 36th section.
The law giving Oregon a territorial
government Is known as the act of
August 14. 1848. Mr. Keady quotes
Judge Thornton as using the following
words in an article written in 1874:
"I framed the 20th section of the act
or August 14. 1848, which enacts "that
when the lands in the said territory
shall be surveyed under the direction
of the Government of the I'nited States,
preparatory to bringing the same Into
market, sections numbered 16 -and 36 in
each township in said territory shall
be and the same In hereby reserved for
the purpose of being applied to schools
in said territory and in the states and
territories to be erected out of the
same."
In the same article Judge Thornton
is further quoted as saying:
Daniel ebster once said In one of
his great speeches that he would rather
go down to posterity as the recognized
author of the policy of appropriating
the 16th section of the public lands to
the support of common schools, than to
commit hia name and- fame to all else
by which he would be known in the his
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Photo by Underwood.
PORTIOV OF PROCESSIOX OF CONVICTS.
When Thomas Mott Osborne returned to Sing Sing prison to resume
his former position of warden, convicts in that Institution to the num
ber of 1500 formed a parade to welcome him. The chief feature of the
exercises was the showing of pre-Osborne methods of handling pris
oners. Upon the warden's arrival, the prisoners gave a great cheer,
and the official knew that he was welcome home again.
DISCUSS EVENTS IN THE NEWS
tory of his country. And I will not
dissemble when I say that when to this
section the 36th was added by the pass
age of the bill, the reflection that prov
idence had permitted me to be the
humble instrument of conferring so
great a boon upon posterity filled my
heart wrth emotions -as pure as is
permitted to man. So. also, when I con
fess that I could not. and. Indeed, did
not wish to shut out from my mind the
thought that when I rested from my
toils and had bequeathed my name to
the generations my labor herein had
blessed, I might be recognized as a
benefactor and friend, other reasons
will be seen why .t was that I regarded
the time of the passage of this bill as
the supreme moment of my life."
If the claim of Judge Thornton, above
set lorth. is well founded, then Is he
entitled to all the honors Mr. Keady
would testow upon him; but hie claim
to any credit whatever for this work
was, in his lifetime, hotly contested by
Mrs. Frances Fuller Victor, the well
known author of "The River of the
West," and other publications.
In at least two long letters given to
the press she quoted from various
sources evidence to show that the claim
was without foundation. Space will not
permit any extended reference to the
evidence she submitted. Among other
things she gives to Congressman Rock
well, of Connecticut, the credit of orig
inating the proposition to give the 36th
section to the support of common
schools in an amendment relating to
legislation asked in behalf of the State
of Wisconsin. Mrs. Victor quotes from
the Congressional Records to show that
In August. 1846. a bill was before Con
gress to enable Wisconsin to form a
state constitution. On February 9, 1 S47.
Douglas, as the chairman of the com
mittee on territories, reported the bill
for the admission of Wisconsin. When
the question of engrossing the bill was
put Rockwell moved an amendment
covering the proposition to include the
36th section for common schools. The
hill failed to pass.
On March 20. 1848. a bill was Intro
duced for the admission of Wisconsin
as ; state, and on May 10, 1848. Rock
well gave notice of his intention to
offer a resolution granting Wisconsin
the 36th section. Judge Thornton
Telaimed that he persuaded Rockwell to
introduce this amendment, but Mrs.
Victor quotes an extract from "Oregon-
ana California." a work written by
Thornton, showing that "he arrived in
Washington from Boston and his voy
age around Cape Horn, a stranger from
tne v-ilds of Oregon." on May 11. 1848.
This was the day after Rockwell had
suggested his proposed amendment, and
probably a year at least after Rockwell
had offered his amendment to the bill
of August. 1846.
According to Judge Thornton's own
statement ho reached Washington May
11. 1848. The Oreson bill became a law
on August 14 of that year.
Judge Thornton, in a letter to Rev.
Dr. George K. Atkinson, published In
the report of the proceedings of the
Oregon Pioneer Association for 1882.
aeclared that hi secured the amend
ment to this bill. Including section S6.
and tha. the original bill Included only
section 16. He even says Rockwell told
him in advance that he wo.ild not suc
ceed in getting his amendment throug'u.
Upon this point Mrs. Victor savs the
origin?.! Oregon bill covered both sec
tions 16 and ".,. and was thus priut?d in
the Oregon Spectator on September 16.
1847. eight months before Thornton
reached Washington to urpe Rockwell
to offer his amendment Including sec
tic n 36.
She further flinches this point by
quoli-g a letter from Jhomn H.
Benton to the people of Oregon, dated
March. 1847. more than a vear bef-o
Thornton reached Washington, Among
ther things this letter of Benton's
says:
"The IToue. fin enrly as January, ha I
passed the bill to give y-u 1 territorial
r-ovemmcM. This is the bill I ref s.-r --.1
to in my former article, which has in It
the grant of the 16th and 36th sections,
the transfer of the cases in the Oregon
coa.ts to the Unitr.d States District
courts, and the promise of the privi
leges of the ordinance of 1787. and In
that bill had sanctioned and legalized
your provisional organic act. one of the
clauses of which forever prohibited the
existence of slavery in Oregon."
Mr. Keady is authority for the state
ment that Judge Thornton came to Ore
gon in November. 1846. Senator Benton's
letter says that the Oregon bill, includ
ing section 36. had passed the House as
early as January. 187. That happened
in Washington only two, months after
Judge Thornton first tame to Oregon.
Ii L.e quotations of Mrs. Victor are
conect the claim of Judge Thornton in
ufer'y spurious. Mr. Keady may have
evidence to controvert them. If so. it
should be produced for the truths of
history are of more importance than
the reputation of any single Individual.
CHARLES B. MOORES.
I-ove of Ease.
Philadelphia Record.
What is there about "love of ease"
that makes the strenuous one so wroth?
Love of ease is a universal human trait,
and has been so from the beginning of
time. It is the incentive even of war.
Barbarian tribes and nations fight for
slaves, and even the civilized city
states of ancient Greece made war In
order to reduce their captive enemies
to bondage and compel them to do all
the work, so that the conquerors might
enjoy lives of leisure. Love of ease is
the mainspring of nearly all human ac
tivities. Men labor to obtain comforts
and luxuries. If the hope of enjoying
the fruits of one's work were gone no
man would labor except under compul
sion of law or of necessity. He who
vociferates against love of ease assails
all mankind. Including himself.
:fS.iA -Vv l
ii
COMMISSIONER'S REPORT
CITED.
Hood River Man Believes There
Is
. Ma.cn of 1 aloe In Brief.
HOOD RIVER. Or.. Aug. 11. (To the
Editor.) As the time is fast approach
ing when the children will begin their
new school year I would like to make
a suggestion to our teachers, especi
ally those who will teach the advanced'
classes In our high schools throughout
the state. I keenly appreciate the splen
did work of our very able and highly
competent corps of teachers of which
I think Oregon has as 'able a number
as any of the sister states.
Having myself been born and reared
in that part of the country where the
public school system all dates many
years after the Civil War and the
slaves made free, then the next decade
gave to us the first public school in
my native state.
I contend that education In Its real
usefulness does not extend to the text
book alone, but applies to all useful
knowledge which not only benefits the
student but win be beneficial to the
entire body politic, nnJIaliy. mentally
im financially.
I think the school of todnv f re
ahead of the schools of 30 years ago.
We have rrrany useful branches taugiit
row that were not dreamed of then.
i would 11 to matte a suggestion to
IT teachers in the hli-ner e-r-iH.
where economics and civil government
are taught. I think that the final re
port of the Commission on Industrial
Relations could b? adoDted an a tort
book and taught with profit in connec
tion with these subjects.
I am reading this book very care
fully. I find that it is ably written.
t gives information about a sublnct
which is the paramount issue of the
day, a subject o which the stability
and future life and hope of this Gov
ernment rests.
The first knowledge I had of this
splendid effort of the Slxtvfourth
Congress to put the plain facts before
the American people was a brief sum
mary of the report in one of the 191S
Issues of the Literary Digest. Th
many sources of industrial unrest were
summed up in the following cardinal
finding: "Unjust distribution of wealth
and Income. L nemployment and de
nial of an opportunitv to earn a livinK-.
uenlai of Justice in the creation, in the
adjudication, and In the administration
of the law. Denial of the right and
opportunity to form effective organiza
tions." We are hearing a great deal of late
through the newspapers about our In
dustrial resources and their strength.
as pertaining to our National defense
in case we should have war with some
foreign country. Mr. Professor. If you
have, any doubt In your mind in regard
to this subject suspend your Judgment
until you can get a copy of the Com
mission's findings. The man who wrote
this report was no doubt a scholar.
The main object of higher educa
tion Is conceded by the educated them
selves to be primarily to teach men to
think right, and when they think right
they will be quite apt to act right.
These are a few thoughts from one
who gets all of his compensation from
bodily labor, and one who wants to see
right and Justice to all classes of men
prevail in all the rank and file of life.
"And ye hall know the truth and the
truth shall make you free." St John,
viii chapter 32d verse.
ROY D. SMITH.
WASHINGTON'S WORDS ARE CITED
Irish Sympathiser Makes Appeal for
Memory of Roger Casement.
PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) It has been repeatedly charged
that the "spirit of 1776" is dead or at
least in a state of suspended animation,
and if we consider the little interest
that was awakened In this country over
the execution of the Irish patriot.
Roger Casement, there appears to be
considerable substance to the above
charge.
The cause of Ireland always has been
and is today the same as the cause of
the American Colonists of 1776. Ire
land is today fighting for the same lib
erty and independence that America
fought for,- and the foe is the same.
Washington. Jefferson. Paine. Hamil
ton. Franklin, and the other heroes of
our Revolutionary War. fought the
same tyranny and oppression that Case
ment and Pearse fought. Washington
and his followers were successful, but
Casement and Pearse drank the bitter
cup of defeat. The failure of the lat
ter cannot dim the glory of their hero
ism for they mace the big sacrifice
that must always command the ap
plause of every true American. They
gave their lives for the cause of lib
erty, and no greater sacrifice can be
made by any man.
In his day. Washington had the
deepest sympathy for the struggling
Irish patriots, and the message he sent
them 130 years ago sounds today like a
voice from the grave speaking J.o the
followers of the martyred Casement
and Pearse:
"Patriots of Ireland! Champions of
liberty In all lands, be strong in hope!
Your cause Is Identical with mine. You
are calumniated In your day; I was
misrepresented by the loyalists of my
day. I triumphed. Had I failed, the
scaffold would be my doom. But now
my enemies pay me honor. Had I
failed. 1 would have deserved the same
honor. I stood true to my cause even
when victory had fled. In that I
merited success. You must act like
wise. "GEORGE WASHINGTON."
Before we pass Judgment upon Case
ment and his followers, all Americans
would do well to reflect upon the
words of the immortal Washington.
FREDERICK GKONNERT.
641 Pittock block.
MARXIAN SOCIAL.!)! DEPENDED,
Mr. Barlts Explains Theory of Value
and Rrrutrs Mr. Fraser'a Attack.
PORTLAND. Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) I asked for the authorities that
had discredited Marx. But' Mr. Fraser
has remained discreetly silent. He says
that he hus read "all the Socialist
writers of authority," yet he does rot
know what the theory of value Is. The
stitement he says Is Marxian is not so
at all. I rhallenge Mr. Fraser to give
me the chapter and verse for the state
ment that he makes as being the
"theory of value."
' The Marxian theory of value is stated
by Marx on page 6 of Capital." (I refer
to the English edition) is ... .
"the value of any article is the amount
of labor socially necessary, or the
labor time socially necessary for Its
production." The rate of exchange has
nothing to do with It at all.
Having first misstated and misquoted
Marx, ne proceeds to demolish the fig
ment of his own brain. In the next
sentence he Fays: "This sweeping state
ment ,s evidently untrue, for demand
(with its correlative supply) Is the
cause of value. . . Obviously demand
t-nd supply determine value and not
labor."
If. as Professor Marshall puts It. sup
ply and demand determine value, what
determines value when supply equals
demand? Professor Sombart admits In
his last book upon Marxism that
"Marx's theory of value may perhap
be refuted, but that has not yet bern
done." Professor Sombart's book has
been translated Irto 17 languages and
Is perhaps the most exhaustive analysis
of the Socialist movement ip existence.
Tugan-Baranowskl Is the only one at
tacking the Marxian theory - on the
economic side that deals with the de
velopment of capitalism. Yet Professor
Sombart. admitting that Tugan-Baran-owski
Is. the only one attempting it.
alno states that he docs -not convince
him upon the matter. Each Marx critic
comes up and Invariably states that no
ono else has shown Marx wrong. Their
puny mental efforts have been wasted,
if we arc to Judge by Professor Skel
ton's latest outburst. Again. 1 ask.
what determines value when supply
equls demand?
How does Mr. Fraser exrlain panics?
How do they arise? Why is it that
panics always appear at a time when
the supply always exceeds the demand?
Why are workers unable to buy those
commodities at that time?
Mr. Fraer says that prlcea decrease
because of the Increased supply. How.
then, does Mr. Fraser explfcin the fact
tha4 the supply of gold has Increased
beyond all proportion to all other com
modities, yet gold does not change in
price? If value Is determined by sup
ply and demand, how does Mr. Fraser
account for the variation of prices in
ail commodities except gold? It is up
to hl.n to explain that If he can.
Mr. Fraser reading of "authori
ties" Is woefully Jacking, as evidenced
by his statement that the theory of
value has no connection with the ma
terialist conception of history. If he
wtr read Marx's own preface to the
"Critique to Political Economy" he will
find that they are Inseparable. If he
will red Engel's "Socialism. Utopian
and Scientific" he win find that, too.
The thory of value arises in an ex
planation of capitalist production. It
explains tho relation of the wage la
borer to the process of production. It
Indicates his status as subject to the
rule of the class of capitalists. Capi
talism, however. Is a growth arising
from a previous system. The material
ist conception explains that growth. It
shows that society is always In a pro
cess of change. Systems arise, flourish
then fade into oblivion, after - giving
birth to tha new system. The theory
of value Is bound up with capitalism
and cannot be explained except by the
materialist conception of history. Log
ically, the theory of value Is insepar
able from the other elements of the
Socialist philosophy. I.e.. the class
struggle and the materialist conception.
Tht Is Just what is stated and ex
plained by Marx and Engels In the
works I have mentioned. Most of those
who have sought to attack Marx have
attacked the materialist conception, be
cause if that is unsound the rest of the
Marxian position falls.
It certainly needs some "nerve" to
tell me- that I ought to read my "nu
thorlties." when Mr. Fraser's own state
ment of the Marxian theory Is not In
accordance with what Marx actually
says! Just- fancy quoting the Rev.
Charles P. Vail? That "authority" ac
tually gives a ftlse Interpretation of
the term capital. He does not know
what Marx called "capital." See the
"Mod.Tn Theory of Colonisation."
("Capitalist Production." lost chapter.
Mi--x.) . .
As to my attack upon the Socialist
party. I might point out to Mr. Fraser
thht that party has as campaign man
ager the "Rev." Carl n. Thompson, who.
when asked if the Marxian theorv r
value was correct replied: "Some say
it is and some say It Isn t The local
Socialist party has members who openly
use tne term "Jew" in a debased man
ner. They actually attack the Jew.
Marx, however, was born a Jew. I
think that Marx s phrase may be
changed to suit the State Secretary cf
ii" r-ocianst party here, to read as
follows: "Workers of the world anite
except Jews."
Let Ilr. Fraser answer my questions
as here written, and he'll have enough
to co ior & Jiretline.
MOSES BARITZ.
TEN QIESTIONS FUR DEMOCRATS
Pilot
Rorlc Man Submits Posers He
Would Like Answered.
PILOT ROCK. Or.. Aug. 10. (To the
Editor ) Some notd writers have
asked Candidate Charles E. Hughes
sotn very Interesting questions. If per
misslble I would like to ask some of
our Democratic friends the following
1. Why have we a $100. 000, 000 war
tax?
2. Why has there been nearly a third
more business failures In the United
htules In the last thro years than for
any tnree years previous?
3. W hy has not this Administration
reduced the high cost of living?
4. ny is it that we have had less
prosperity In the last three years with
wneat at the war price of II per bushel
than we had in years before with wheat
at the normal price of 70c?
a Admitting that the banks have a
greater reserve and with all the bank
ing laws that this Administration
boasts of. why Is It that money Is mitre
difficult to borrow than ever before?
6. If free trade has helped the State
of Oregon why has the different fr
ternal orginlxattons shown a loss In
new members and a gain In members
dropped for non-payment of dues?
7. Why is It that there has been
more money borrowed on life insur
ance policies in the United States In
the last three, years than ever before
during the- same orlod?
8. If the 7.611.05(1 people that voted
for Taft and Koosevelt In 1912 were
protectionist, did Wilson carry out the
wll of the majority when he caused to
be Inacted the L nd.-rvood tarirf law?
9. Why did this Administration dls
charge the Republicans that held re
sponsible positions In the Philippine
Islands and fill the vacancies with in
experienced Democrats?
11. Don't you believe that If It h
not been for the European war that
has (welled our exports to over $2,000.-
uo'j.uuu mat the business denrau'nn
that struck this country In '1913 would
nave, ueen worse than 1SS3?
E. B. CASTEEL.
BEER HELD BAD FOR MOTHERS
Writer Cltea Instances to Shaw Drink
Ins; la Harmful to Rare.
C RES WELL. Or.. Aug. 11. (To the
Editor.) It looks very much as though
the brewers have a staunch agent In
C. E. S. Wood, who would re-establish
the brewing of suds for mothers who
wish to bring babies Into the world.
In Bavaria, the heaviest beer-drink-lng
country in the world. 300 babies of
every 1000 born are stillborn, and this
was. the experience of Norway until
they awoke, to the true" Inwardness of
the situation. It is on record that
every baby born of drunken parents
comes into the world handicapped and
this Is more than true where the
mother Is a drinker.
How about father?
Near a town in Wisconsin where the
writer lived there lived a well-to-do
farmer, the father of eight children
Six of these children were fairly nor
mal, but two of them were abject im
beciles. This farmer was In the habit
of getting gloriously drunk occasion
ally. The wife of this farmer confessed
that when those idiotic children were
conceived the father and husband was
drunk.
Now. this was perfectly natural, as
like begets like. Man. when he Is
drunk, is an animal.
The doctor who today rec6mmends
beer for a mother Is a back number
and belongs to the class who has to
take from you a quantity of your
heart's blood to restore your health.
The more eminent a physician is to
day the more he condemns the use of
alcoholic drinks for the ailments of
humanity.
The whole civilised world today Is
making a fight on drink and the day la
not -distant when this curse will be
eliminated for all time.
W. W. BEARBY.
Somewhat Etaaxerates. ,
Washington, D. C. Star.
"Charley, dear." said young Mrs.
Torklns, " have good news." "What
Is it?" -The bank sent me word that
my account la overdrawn. I looked In
the synonym book and found that
'overdrawn' la toe umo as 'exagger
ated.' "
"RICKREALL" ORIGIN DEBATED
Word la Believed to Have Been De
rived From "La Creole."
ROSEBURG, Or.. Aug. U.(To the
Editor.) The article of J. T. Ford iu
The Oregonian purporting to give the
origin of the name -Rickreall" is so
far at variance with anything In my
experience that it came near knocking
me oft the perch. Residing as I old
in Polk County almost continuously
for 30 years, from 1845 to 18S0. it
would seem that anyone endowed with
common sense should learn something
In that length of time about tho
Indiana of those pioneer days, their
language, customs and tribal relations.
W hen I first saw Polk County there
were two tribes or parts of tribes of.
Indians In that part of the Willamette
alley, vix.. Kllckitats and Calapooias;
and yet. to quote Mr. -Ford. "Each
stream was the hunting and fishing
grounds, the Mllihee of some oettv
tribe. The little tribe inhabiting tha
environs of the streams on which tho
roras had located was called the
Rickrealls.' the Indians thnwivn
designating their tribal relations."
-inai mis is a mistake I am in a po
sition to affirm from personal obser
vation. My father. William Sebrlnr.
took up a section of land on the South
or "Big" Luckiamute not far from the
present town of Airlle. in 1845. and
while the family still continued to re
side in the vicinity of the site of tho
present City of Dallas. 1 frequently ac
companied him on his .trips to the
claim.
There was a fine spring on the nlnre.
wljere my father planned to build in
the near future, and which was also a
favorite Indian camping eround and
where It was no uncommon thing to
find those same "Rickrealls" en
camped. They may have been "Rick
realls while on tho Rickreall or Luck-
amutes while on that stream. hut
they were Calapooias all the time. I
knew every one of those Indian by
signt as well as I knew my own folks:
nd as to old Steve's assertion rhr
his tribe claimed that part of tha
country, they at one time claimed tho
wnoie v. illamette Valley.
In a former article I exrre3eH ih
opinion that "Rickreall" could not bo
an Indian name, for the reason that no
inoian could pronounce it.
1 am at a loss to understand from
what source our friend obtained such
store of second-hand Indian lore lie
tells us that they pronounced Rickreall
and Luckiamute with a "guttural ac
cent on the first syllable" and that
'there seeems to be a linguistic con
nection between the two." Now. the
fact Is. until they learned it from the
whites the Indians had never heard of
Luckiamute. They called the name
of the stream "Luckiamute." with the
accent on the last syllable: and many
of them never did pronounce the word
in any other manner. So much for the
"linguistic connection" between Ivio
American-coined words.
Now as to that "guttural" accent. T
have conversed in jargon with a great
number of Inriians In Polk County and
I have worked with whole boat crews
of them at the Cascades of the Colum
bia, and with the exception that thev
substituted 1 for r and ts for ch. I harn
never detected any notable peculiari
ties In their speech, more than that of
one white man differs from that of an
other. As stated before. I never, to the best
of. my recollection, heard an Indian
sound the r: and If there Is a single
Iniltjin name of any person, place or
thing on the Pacific Coast in which the
r sound occurs. I am not able to recall
ever having heard of It.
It was noted above that they sub
stituted ts for ch. Instead of saying
"chee" and "chahco." they saM "tsee"
and ' "tsahco." etc. Of course an
Indian who had been eduratt-d In the
use of the English langusge wrraM'rTe."
able to articulste thofe sounds quite
as well as a white man could: but it
was quite beyond an uneducated one.
The Willamette Valley Indians had
no local habitation..- They remained in
a place until the supply of wild food
ran short or until the camping place
became so dirty as to be uninhabitable,
when they would decamp for another
locality. They were a degraded outrlt
even for savages and filthy In their
habits. Finally the last remnant of
them, consisting of two or three dozen
souls, built themselves log mblna tn
the south side of the South Luckia
mute. but how long they continued to
reside there I am unable to say. as I
finally lost track of them altogether.
The Kllckitats being, as .they were,
entirely off their own ground, at the
breaking out of the Yakima War de
parted for their own country east of
the Cascades.
Finally. In writing as I have. I wish
to explain that I do not aim to ques
tion the veracity of any white man or
woman whose name has been men
tioned In this discussion. As to "Old
Steve" being a Calaponia Imltxn. ho
no doubt, a conxummaie old liar.
It was a characteristic of those nlrl
savages to give Just as plausible an
answer to a question or subject that
they knew nothing about as If they
were ever so well informed concerning
It; and It Is quite evident that he did
Just that when talking to Mark Ford.
As for the real name of the stream.
It Is only a short step from La. Creole
to Rickreall; and Instead of perpe
trating a witticism when conversing
with Colonel Ford about the name. Dr.
McLoughlin was probably stating a
fact. As to the way In which the best
scholars of pioneer days regarded tho
name I will refer the reader to the
I letter of Mrs. Harriet Lvle Veail. in
The Oregonian. and Mark Ford himself;
accomplished scholar though he was.
probably wrote the name "Rickreall" in
conformity with a general custom.
FRANK M. SEBRIXG.
LA CREOLE FIRST .NAME KNOWN
Telia More A hoot
Rlrkreall'a Title.
Origin of
WARRENTON. Or.. Aug 11. (To the
Editor.) I read In your columns argu
ments as to the names Rlt-kreall and
La Creole for the t-tveam running
through Dallas, Polk County. As a,
pioneer of "66. locating at Ellendale.
having started from England especially
as a wool grader frr the woolen mill. I
wish to say that "La Creole" was al
ways considered to be the proper and
original name of tne stream. The word
mans "he native." and It certainly
has as much right to be "La Creole." aa
"Rickreall." for It is a native river.
Anyway there Is nothing artificial
about It. as would te the "Rickreall,'
which certainly haw rro meaning at all.
and Is only a corruption of "La Creole,"
beini pronounced by most of the set
tlers as "Layreole." which would be
an easy matter to corrupt to "Rick
realie" by early Western settlers.
"La Creole" Is French and also
Southern, for there one finds the
"Creoles." and it may be that 'ho
"Creoles" were an Indian tribe. for
what would be more natural since they
would be "natives" of the place and
likely called that by early French Ca
nadians which one found located at
the Grand Ronde reservation.
"La Creole" is far more euphonious,
musical and has a definite meaning and
should remain for all time.
As to the corruption of names by the
early settlers you will find many of
them In this state, for Instance. "Pud
ding River." (absurd name) in Clacka
mas, for "Put-in River, which was the
name given it years ago. Note the
names of places that miners have given
to discovered creeks. Note "Horse
heeven." supplied by the early emi
grants because It was a rich feeding
ground for theetan-ing settlers' stock
on their arrival in this f-ountry.
ALBERT O. YATES. -
1