II
-THE SUN DAT OHEGOXTAX TORTLAND. DECEMBER 13. 1015.
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W ftMIHa.TOft( tT.
Th of t ft prohibition law In
the itria f W.Mrgtn wo of nr
cr. r I' fvrtUnJ ha trt&l h
pcM.ari t oi ho ivt th mttr
Kt, (ftwm IhoulM. PortUod' pft-
tin nr tri.trr tf a iiry U
'u:Urj B!tir. lift lh lbih
tnftfit vt fI..'J of l;.rpul ifino lh
koui4fir pr"t'J.J lhl rKM
tn t tin lnr.l ati J ri'i J-T majr Ix
o!iJ It fc lru th.l VBfourr out I
h fmiinr.) rr ''9 h4 IX
It b-B foun.I n!t !. f"f lfl rrfd
ftbfuMoi'l'.a oB-lr a lrat option
Iitit t tip ?tr lrjp'rt.il ou!4
ia-Joubtr'J.'r Dlft'I pftinB.bl lh
tbiirimftBt of purriT w- rort
jrr. rfft atontr rtf' hor or
at am 6.l a p(nl.
liattro rmnti(ittlM vhu-h anl
t?iriii bT mtni.t.rtB i ihT bal
y.wtftt.joft mt lrw borJ'f of profctiimoB
enmnuiii'i.t r not or. o r in
Mftd.rT of Iho nti-u;ia I'sUUllon la
JmfU-. ".irtErtn. ?b. ois-
in. i:.tft pu-o oa i.il .iuton. It
ftaftft ju.t or trim ti.ftmirt Hir frm
tiu K'itl. lift t)tlra and t
fth,l rr ti.m-at But;i.lJ. m
kr.jiitM rproa. lt upon. prnh.bltlJO'
I .nf .Trnnt la in ot rT
,V.Mrbfti. Jib trtoo A lino In !
Mm from l'ro la drr North
I-in, h ift h. aa u"nr rrrl.
Iltyl t btftt .rr of thM laro pUroa
fc.ri ia4o poanibto of rpIUi. b
in ornror of ih v.bir.45;oa
filuo. reforcoraonl of lhorr la
vrtl.n. otit. h ba aa la
riatfttioa la l.-omormlity tr mfft
IhiMa lho triot auppllwftl br tb
Tft-ftj-ilftt"! nl'X'a. r tt othrr bari'l.
f;.'ur to refori-o moJmnl ar-l
rtutfti woutl h brouM tpri-B
tip. 10 rurtUnd' rrputttia a a l-ftW -aCi-Mn
ritjr. It L p.vMibt thai
utnnr.t vouM h4 prvntxj lh
t.ibUjihmftrt of ( roworlii arri tho
lii.r in it of tho I'm nrr(to U
r. fofi-mnl that do oftoa dLi-rt:i4
cour.tr n I roftl!-l a oCtWi-xtn. r.a
., b.jtt!r.t uU h ba prac
ti''Iv unt-oBtro!!abl.
I'n.jr coo.iituB a thjr muM bow
ti.ftt. irrtron l)t tjrt out upa th
ffihabttioa pr(o.l uO'4r mora faor
b' au.ftpli.ftft for law BforrvRi'tit thaa
a 'tr..i.J any tat of tumllar
ch.ir. t-ri.tu-. In thM utala thro l
mott a tuttnbulla of too pro
ponijoraBl public nlimnl wMh
f TiB.j tiprrmion In tn prohibition
lr than In any othr dry mtAtm with to
Ur- a vt'T t'rtUn4 within tta
,or.ir.
'Ir4l. whro a prohibition ta
t.-..mft-ft) rffftft'tivo January I. coalainji
Irnft a cllr about lh t of fort
lUn.i lint prohtbttinn carrtr.1 In Col'w
ti by but amall roajortty. aa4
Knot tppft4 ll natmen by
bvY oc. In Waahinctoa a simitar
c.n.jiti..n :.t.. S4attia. tho mtrp-
rlu. I Urcty wrt la rttmnt but is
rimp:i.. 1 c rpt proMbition tr or.
ir of a t4to-wt. maVMty. In Port
Itr. i trim ..t oa pr'ihibttfon was prac
. Ii4l!y an n br-ak. Throughout ths
tit tha drr maKrttr strorc. Th
.K'ati..n of tha tat's rotropois nar
tri b"rdr rot now In ltatf maka
r!or.mnt of tha Itw mora dlfflrult
or r::trr tta mrl ffi-t. for tha
t.: irrM tha Una Is at. dry.
Irthtb!tla Bforv.mr t s prrultar-
I Uftpft-n.lrnt upoo pub:ic ntlrnr.t.
in I'urtin.i thrra la at lt n a
lr alvmmt rftntful of tha law's
a J.'ptlon. Thrra ara In.li.-atlons that
moat of th'Xftft. who oppoJ tha ama4
tnvnt al lh polU approva It aoforra
mn l Iha tttr. Tnay may still
ft-Unat fha opinion that Individual
riht.ft ara larad'd or that abuIUhnaant
of ?a aal maaufartura la not tha
raoat rfriti way of sprsaUlnc tatn
paranft. Hut thr rsvrra law aa4
th rapa-t tha will of tha majority.
TortUn4 stftt'MRii ara prvparirs; ! so
out of buainaft q jlfttly. Tha cluba
whi. h maintain bar rt dtapftxln of
tflir t.va. Th rt!ls ara offvrlB
bottt.l wlnaa ar4 ll ruora at rut rala
ta an effort t d;r-aa of thrlr supply
fcfnra tha flrt of tha yaar.
Thr wt:t ba aa bot t or oTtoU4
'Mt'O of tha Uw. That Ih.ra wltl
surT'ptltlovft vtoutloes. at (Vast for
a lima. -oa without question. Put
!t;!aTara of potira authorttt may ba
T'htf-4l!r apat4. What Jurtra ba
Xora whom rharr ara r1ai may do
dopants upoa how rorravtly w now
ra4 pub:tc sBtlmnl. Wa batiava tha
J .miBjf.Bftj daalr I that Iha law ba
xin a fair tti-tl If that ba tru con
11. ri.n ft.i'1 not ba dtrriratt.
Tha d-uton la tha Washlncton ra
Was a triumph of tha paopla'a wi! or
t hBKa'iiy. Aft su.'h It waa la marka4
rr.trat wltH tha dcUi'n by Iha lri
r murt la Iha Jiiay (. liar a
ln hdinMK which by no pwsr of ra
riit( roul.l ba tonatruJ a Irnpor
tint I Iha unj-ritandlr.c br Iha pao
1 1 of tha luut bafura tharn waa
omittft-4. That omlmloa waa h!4 to
Intalidata a Uw adnptad by a larva
Tjjorit la "a.htostoa tha main
) fttim no:4 waa tha sufftclanc)
rf tha publtt ation of tha rnaaaura.
Thorticll. al.lftprra4 formal pub
li alioa of a m'afturs In full at a lima
offlrint:y prior t. rlrvtloe day
l it opportunity fr Int'Ulit'nt stilly
but not o lof. bafora atartloa day as
to ocoura BlHt or fortcrtfulnvsa.
L r.nfturi to tha proper rxarvtsa of
tha d ml Ircwlatiita powar.
In H'afthincton Iha Irttrr of tha law
T' rr.r.e lima of publi. atlon In n -pavrs
aa4 lima of dltrlbutlnc offl
rUI pjmphUlft rontalnmc tha trxt of
tha prohibition law was nt obaarva!.
Th" dUtlon wrra not dLrloa4 In
Iha ofn.lal ra-or4a rompilad by tha
lata bul wara a mattar of common
.noaMir. Tha Puprama Court da
rlina.i to taka Judulal knoaladca of
what tha mmbars knaw aa lndll.l
Bftlft, T oaTy dtaaantlnc ol. a aa to
thai portion .f Iha drrtftlon rama from
Judc ,-bd w U-k.
Jjdf Ch-idalik. wc think, la rtfbt
In hi awrllon that Iha trnth of
Iha Initially an4 rafrandum dpanda
not mrty upon tha part l Ipallnn of
tha paopla but upon IntrlUcnl pwrtl
ripailon. Put a an . If Iha court
ah'u!4 know a Judc what'thry
know aa mn. common aanaa woulj In.
du-ala that aa mn lhy shoul4 know
that in s Important aa4 yltally Inlrr.
ratine a d bilon b Ih people aa that
Involving tha Ufa or death of Iha
U-iuor Irafru-. lachnlral publication la
not th aaxanre of lnll!inl partici
pation. It would m to a lajman
that If a court la to tak Judicial
knowladc of tha commonly known fact
that tha trhnical Utter of Iha Uw
waa not obaerve.I It should atso tak
Judicial knowlads of Iha commonly
known fact that Ih paopl knaw what
they war dolnc a hen they voted on
th rnaaaura.
Waahtnston adoptad prohibition by
a subataatlal majority. Tha campaign
over tha Isaua was wacd with pr-
l-ter.c. agitation and full discussion
of th details of th propoacd law. It
would b fanciful. Indeed, to a u m a
that bacaUM Iha last of th law was
not officially la th hands of th pao
pl at a certain lima, although It waa
in their hands unofficially al thai
bour. they did not undarstanj Its Im
port or vol tntettla-ently. Lai adopted
by a majority vol of th paopl are
not I'shtly to ba set alda. They should
not ba orerthroaa by Ih courts tx-
cert upon th profoundest exhibition
of lecal error error that can con
clusively b aftftumeft) to have affected
Iha result of Ih plebeaclla.
THE TtwlO Bllira 4JI.
Tr you) will hav In admit. ent le
nt en." said Ih President, la his aaual
crareful phraaa. durlnc hla Columbus
speech, "that tha American business
men hav been timid. ... Ther la
a-enlua mouth In this country to mas
ter Iha enterprise of tha wortd.
Thu th president butlers Ih old
parsnip- with fin word. Hut what
hav Iha president and lila Adminta
tratln don for butnrt rvcept 10 In
llmldvta and lerrorn It and attempt
Ih ImiwmlMft Ij.-k of puttlnc salt oa
tha tail of peaceful forelcn trad?
Tha Umentabt truth I that tha
American bueineaa man has baen
bluntly nmifle.1 thai h wilt enter for-
eicn fields at his ovn rUk. II Is en-
couni'J to gt abroad, but h t not
protected. Ila enter China, and IhI
Ur Itpomat-y la repudiated. Ila In
veett a Mexico, and h la warnad to
rt out. and h I Upbraided for In.
votvina; hie ftovtrnmenl la Iroubla.
Prednt WIImi wilt rala no hand to
suva hi Itfa or maka sacur Ma prop
erty. Ila ships craia and provisions
ae4 other supptl'4 and manufacture)
10 nautral rountriea and thay ara
aslaedj by Great llnlain. and there they
real.
Tha prli courts In dua lima will da-
lermlna tha statu of Amarica's forrlcn
trad. Oaty tha manufacturer and ex
porter of munition and good for any
of Iha allie Ift safe, throueh Iha rrace
of f.reat Hritaln.
Tha American businawt man doas
hot dearrva tha reproach of timidity
from aa Administration which has con
tributed to ih demoraltiatloa of do
mrftti.; Indufttry throueh a disastrous
tariff and ha turned th entrprUin
seakar for trade and commerce In for-
aicn fields over to th merries of
Mexican outlawry oa th on hand
and wholasal confiscation on Ih
other.
Timid. Indeed. It la a wonder that
tha American boatne man has either
eerv or any part of a w hoi hid left.
Kxriorr rut Aiyauj rt.xi.
Atthouch ther I sllcht causa lo
betleva that public opinion ks yel rip
fr even th mild form of compulsory
mlttlary trainine provided by Ih Aus
trallaa p an. iWnalor Chamberlain'
bill wltl serve a useful purr In pro
voking discussion aad la answering th
objactlons of Hacralary narrlaon. Tha
flacretary aa that "military ) stems
baseftj upon universal military aarv
Ira. upoa ronarriptloa or upon Nation
al control of th public school as
tem could not ba mad rffactlv un
der aviating conditions." Mr. Cham
bertain propo only It hours' drill
and twenty days field Instruction a
year for bnj s between 1! and it )rara
old.
Th merit of th Australian plan Is
that training ran b-e given without In.
lerfrrtng with a boy's education or
with a man's oaxupatlon. Th lima
required for drill ran b given with
out deranging tha school system, hence
no change la school law or school
hour is Beceftsary. fine Ih Govern
ment ha authority to ef.roll In th
National Ml'ltU atl qualified malra.
It surely has tha right to prescribe
Ihf Ir training and at what see It shall
begin. Th good results of thi train.
Ing la development of rhararter. ph
stn.ua and eftpaclally dlaclplin ara at
tested by all who hav seen ih sys
tem In operation. Kxparlenc has
proved It coat to ba much la than
that of a standing army or of a vol
unteer army. It la th Ideal sjstem
for defensive purpose-.
Though anion la that direction may
not b pesftfttbl at preaanl. Ih t'ham-b-rtatn
bill will anabl advocate, of
th Australian plan to prepare public
opinion for a possibly Inevitable
change by setting forth Its merits.
A tifl MEM WHO t QlCsT.
mirheaa Skylark Ormsby Is only a
row. but among row she Is queen, be
cause sh a th beat butler-producer
In th world. In a lest recently con
eluded at Minnesota Agricultural l'l-
le. Ducbeft Sky lark trmaby produced
,tt. pounds of milk In US con-
secutiv daj. Thl wa nearly fourteen
ton, or taenly-thre time her own
weight. Th butterfat contained la
th milk weighed I3S pounds, an
average pare en tare of 4,31.
Good butler, which la about (S per
cant butterfat. la worth, say. JS renla
pound. tu chess Skvlark lrmby
then produced about tie worth In a
year. Reside this she gave her owner
a calf, gallon iixl gallon of skimmed
milk, buttermilk and other by-prod
uct the value of which must hav
ba ronalderabl. What a boon such
a row to any of th many widow who
live la th house dowa th lane!
The retiring butter queen was "-Indent
Prid Johanne Rue. whoa but
ler record was less by St (2 pounds
than that of th Duches. but who
milk production wa 43 pound more.
Th Imchesa gave a little lesa milk,
but It wa richer, and aa a result ah
gave more butter. That la Ih standard
by which cow are estimated by good
dairymen.
The record 1 Interesting because It
represents aa effort of science to con
tribute lo the world' peace and plenty.
Th butter queen waa not an accident.
(he Is an achievement, and It Is diffi
cult to estimate th Increasing effi
ciency of rowa aa they shall be repro
duced from her kind. Because butter
I so universally a commodity, so com
mon that It Is conspicuous only whrn
It Is lacking from the labia. e are
apt to fvrsrt that behind Iha vaal pro-(
du t ion early ther la a atory of en
deavor which ha run through the
ages.
Iurhee 8k) lark lirmibv a llo.
steln-Prleelan. owned by John B. tr
ain, of Minneapolis. Itairymrn may
observe with profit that she was riot
freshened until she mas past five ears
old. th had ordinary foods, but ah
had them regularly. I'nllke Mr.
Howie's soulful klne. ahe probably did
not hav lac curtain and music to
befit her temperament, but Alex Han
sen, who cared for her during the test,
probably did not try to break her back
with a hickory stool as many a mod
ern farm boy or hired hand ha don
to some generou mllk-glvrr In a mo
ment of Impatience.
" y
xoir.L,
Wrtl-known writers of sex novel
flatter themselves when they set
themselves down a realists. Kobert
Merrick, who has been heralded aa a
realist of no mean achievement, and
who haa dabbled In aex problems In
no amall way. come forward to revile
those popular writer who are filling
American magaxtnea with stories
which rely upon their ex appeal for
their Interest. His strictures savor
strangely of Irony, for It Is not so very
long sine the critics were saying un
kind thine about Mr. Herrlik. who
was a pioneer In assailing; Anglo-Saxon
p ruder'.
Put he see himself a a man
who wa merely breaking the shac
kles of convention. The Import
anc of the sex Impulse should not
be lost sight of. according to Mr. Mer
rick, bul he persist that writer
should pay lesa attention to the direct
manifestation of sex and more to Its
Indirect Influence, to the way In
which It affect all phases of activity.
Nevertheless. Mr. Merrick should
hesitate In dealing too harshly with
those who are mining the field which
he helped open. Surely he cannot
hop to disavow atl responsibility for
breaking down th banter of de
cency and letting loos th multitude
of mercenaries who car nothing for
the moral and Ideal of the race: who
prefer a limousine to tasting fame:
who would rather receive a check for
iri f os a trashy appeal to morbidity
and baser passions than half that sum
for a lasting treasure of literature.
There I an element In the public
which will buy lrah. and Ihrr are
publishers who wltl seek to meet th
public demand even a ther are writ
er who will selx upon any theme
which may have sal value. Writer
of many ages hav taken advantage of
the sex appeal. Zola wa far to con
scious of Its value. Ii'Annunalo haa I
written of little els. Hut never haa J
tne sex meme oeen camea 10 sucn ex
tremes a among writer for popular
American periodica during Ih past
)ear or two.
flealist. these creatures? Never.
Th l In a lit: for such men aa !
loensM. Troiiope. Thackeray or our
own William Ivan Howell. Jtobcrt
Merrick manifest nome presumption
In la) Ing claim lo such a designation.
lend culor with hi observation that
art Is the expression of one soul talk
ing to another and la preclou accord
ing to the great n ess of Ih aou! that
utter it.
Perhaps th futurlxta and cubist
can point for Justification to early
Italian painting or early Greek sculp
ture. Yet those creation were the
frultx of patient toll, the work of the
ablert artists and artisan of their day.
The new school can lay no claim to
patient toll. even though some of the
misguided disciple of the movement
may have convinced themaelve of
their own abiding sincerity. Perhap
It I true, though, that many believe la
what they do even to the point of
despising the old art. the art of re
spectability .and tradition, the art of
Titian. Fran Hals. Michelangelo,
Kembrant and Velasquez,
We paint what we aee. We ee
with a peculiarly cultivated vision that
la all our own and that spurn staid
old tradition. Thus they reason.
There Is a plctureaqueness or gro
tesquenesa about their pose and their
work which Insures them liberal pat
ronage. A cubist picture: The un
lllated mlRht buy the atrocity for a
comfortable sum who would pay little
for a painting worth while. For these
dabblers have been ridiculed, abused
and dljH-uased Into a prominence which
they are not alow to capitalize. We
pnlnt whnl we see. U their defense.
Kill do they see what they paint? as
Whistler might have asked them. If,
so. surely an altenl.-t is needed in most
case.
Charlatanry Is a far better term
than art for the practices of those
who plume themselves down a ex
poncnis of the "new art." They may
be able to reap a transient fame and
a lasting fortune by hurling streamers
of point over canvases and labeling
th product "An Interpretation of
Sound." or something of that sort.
They may gain satisfaction by seeking
lo express emotion In weird conglom
eration of pigment. But In the end
they are certain to stand exposed as
the products of Indecency, or deca
dence or of Incompetence. The lift
ing plaudit and the real rewards will
continue the lot of the artist who does
not hurl defiance at the requirements
of technique. The theory that anyone
may express himself In paint, pencil
or stone without pausing to train his
hand will pass anon Into the realm of
foolhardy heresies, and the artists who
fall will content themselves with those
enjoyments that are born of Intelli
gent appreciation of the work of
others.
THr yr.w akt.
11 doe not matter thai many, per
haps a majority, of the oung men
and women who study art will never
become atl-ts. The accomplishments
of an art course provide sufficient re
ward for one, two. three or even five
)ear spent In dabbling with pen and
pigments. Th lime can never ba con
sidered wasted even when the student
awakens to the sud fact that nuture
did not plan lo hate hi 111 surpass
ICaphael or Velasquez. For haa he
not trained hla eye and -mind to per
ceive beauties In the World which the
unltlated never see?
There 1 nothing so commonplace
but that It ha It delights for the
artist's e)e. He I forever feasting
upon the combination of light and
shade, th Intricacies of delightful
composition, the bewitching color
scheme and all those subtl. r beauties
which are concealed about us. The
unenlightened aee them not or sec
them Incompletely. The skill to re
produce and Interpret these hidden
beauties add a new delight but this
skill la not necessary to a keen enjoy
ment. This may not be fully realized
by the aspiring art student In those
hour when he la tornented by the
pangs of ambition. He is Inclined lo
put alde the Joys of appreciation and
gtv himself over to Ihe craving for
execution. Time and the rebuffs that
come with lack of real ability are re
quired lo put him right with himself
and with th world.
Ability and energy are the main req
uisite of the artist. He must have
those attribute to succeed In art quite
Ihe asm a In any other line of hu
man endeavor. Hut while the man or
woman who takes up an ordinary call
Irg or profession may seek to effect
a readjustment without very much ado
on finding Insurmountable obstacle,
the aspiring artist Is Inclined lo stub
born persistence. Art claims a pe
culiar loalt from It dlsclp'es. Many
woull prefer lo starve a artist than
thrive a artisan.
In these precinct is where th new
art movement ha found lis origin and
inspiration, we suspect. No doubt
Joseph Pennell. whoa fame aa an art
ist and observer of artlsta Is estab
lishes!, had these considerations In
mind when he undertook lo analyze
futurism, post -impression ism. cubism
and Ihe w hole multitude of Isms w hlch
hav ridden In on a wave of Inex
plicable popularity to corrupt the crys
tal stream of Iru art. In a receni
dlftsertatlnn on the dabblers and
freaks, charlatans and mere merce
naries who ar ejponenta of the new
art. Mr. I'ennell handles them In no
gentle manner. They are artists who
have not studied to perfection, who
lark skill, who hate work and have
failed to overcome Ihe difficulties
which great artists have to overcome.
P!aulble enough. The man of abll.
Ity and energy can find success In th
art which ha been established by time
and tradition. He Is willing to abide
by th accepted laws of technique be
cause he haa Ihe patience and the
ability to master technique. He fol
low th bent of th mechanic In exe
cution even while cultivating the soul
of the poet In hi conceptions. While
his head la In the clouds he la able to
keep hi feet on earth. Imagination
and hand ar co-ordinated.
Put how about th unfit, the lazy.
the mercenary. Ihe dreamer who hve
not the patience to cultivate the hand
of a mechanic and Ihe soul of a poet?
vvnat more natural than that they
should rebel against the tyrannies of
technique, against th exactions of
tradltons. against Ih continuance of
artistic standards which they cannot
meet? What more natural than a
new art based on the freedom of the
Imagination from the shortcomings of
the hand? If a smeary canvas haa a
grotesque appearance, how plausible
th explanation that Ihe artist paints
what he sees? Ha not the ultra-
conservative Henry James remarked
that art does not lie In copying na
ture? The artist beholds In nature
more than sh Is conscious of. Rurkln j
potato rniri: pkom-kct.
Th latest bulletin on crops In
th t'nlted Kiates reports the con
dition of the potato crop for the
season considerably below the esti
mates of a month ago. This has re
duce.! the crop to yl.000.000 bushels.
This Is 47.000.000 bushels below Inst
) ear's crop, but a trifle above the five
year average.
The heavy damage of the lust few
weeks was from rot. The territory
covere.1 by this reaches from Maine to
the Mississippi IMvcr. the states suf
fering most being M;iine, New York,
Michigan and Wisconsin, w hlle In Utah
the output wi:l be considerably below
Ihe average.
These reports provide another bright
outlook for the Oregon potato growers.
The crop of this rtate Is about normal
and Ihe quality better than uunl. With
the shortage In L'tah. and the smullor-than-usual
crop In Idaho, and the loss
of a portion of the Wisconsin crop,
there ought to be a good demand for
Oregon potatoes throughout the tnter-
mountatn country.
Just how rapidly the Oregon grow
er are selling their 1915 crop we do
not knnw. one of the usual yearly
problems la now confronting most of
Ihe growers, viz. "!hall I sell at the
present market rates or hold for bet
ter prices In the Spring?" That Is 1
question each grower must answer for
himself, but ns a rule the producer
should not turn speculator. Where
producers of any farm crop have done
that In the pu-t fully 75 per cent have
met disaster.
military sense It was Insignificant; iU
Importance arose' from the fact that
It wua the first shot in a rebellion and
summoned all the colonists to arms.
Kladeneburg was an example of the
value of raw militia agalnt-t regular
troops and of the folly of awaiting
attack before beginning preparation.
Not until June. 1814, did the Govern
ment begin to prepare for defense of
tho Capital against an attack which
had threatened for nearly a year, Up
ton saying that for that period "u
British fleet with 3000 troops on
board had been hovering along the
shores of the Chesapeake." After sev
eral abortive attempts to assemble the
militia of neighboring states, a "call
for the militia en masse was approved'
on August 20.
An army was thus formed, which
Its commander. General Winder, de
scribed as "suddenly assembled with
out organization or discipline or offi
cers of the least knowledge of serv
ice." Upton says It "numbered S401,
of whom 400 were regulars, 00 ma
rines and twenty sailors, the remainder
being volunteers and militia." On
August 24. this army was "hastily
formed In order of battle at Bladens-
burg. where. In the presence of the
President and the Cabinet, it was at
tacked and routed with the loss of
but eight killed and eleven wounded."
Upton continues:
At H o'clock P. l. the day of the batt'.e of
B.sdensburg the enemy without further op
position marrhed Into Washington and. ac
cording; to offlrtal report, set fire to the
"President's paliare. the Treasury and the
War Office." Ths next evening after tom-
would In the name of neutrality do a
grossly unneutral act. The United
States did not cause the inequality of
opportunity to buy American muni
tions between Britain and Germany;
we are not responsible for it; and -we
must accept the situation as they
Germany no less than Britain have
made It.
To many the prosperity which we
derive from the sale of all manner of
goods to the warring nations appears
inherently immoral. They shrink from
profiting by the misfortunes of others,
while they regard profits on war
munitions as blood money. It is use
less to remind such people that we are
following the practice of every one of
the present belligerents when they
were neutral in former wars. Each of
them has upheld the right of its
citizens to carry on this traffic. That
right has been upheld by the bellig
erents and exercised by their citizens
when this Nation was at war. But
these opponents of munition traffic
overlook the distinction between the
parts played by a nation and its in
dividual citizens. The National con
science forbids our Government to
proscribe this traffic, since that would
be to help one party against the other
and probably to draw this Nation into
the war. It is for each individual
to decide for himself without Gov
ernment interference whether he will
profit by this traffic.
Our duty in considering' so great an
Innovation in international law as the
prohibition of munition sales by
Pleilns th destruction of the public build- "euirai.i 10 Deiiigerents is to place tne
iuks. the enemy withdrew and on the ;ih interests of our own Nation above
returned unmolested to his .hippms. thoBe of anj. otner nation. We can
Popular indignation was so great do this without qualms of conscience,
that the Secretary of War was for our National Interest coincides
mobbed and forced to resign.
The army at Bladensburg was just
such an army us would be the million
armed men whom Mr. Bryan pictured
us responding to a call from the Presi
dent, and the Bryan million would
meet about the same fate. If they
were to stand their ground, they
would be slaughtered without inflict
ing material Injury on the enemy.
Military preparedness, at the worst,
causes equal slaughter among our
enemies and ourselves. Unpreparcd
nr.M confines the slaughter chiefly to
our own men. By it the (Jovernment,
In effect, murders our citizens.
MORAIJTY OP WAR rROFIT8.
From various motives many mind
In the United States continue to be
troubled by the question whether this
country has any moral right to profit
by the war. To some it appears in
human trafficking in human life for
Americans to sell arms and munitions
wherewith armies slaughter eacn
other. To others, who keenly sympa
thize with one party to the war and
who have no scruples about wholesale
killing, it appears unjust that we
should supply Implements of war to
one side and not to the other. Thus
with the interest of all humanity,
which is the cause of peace against
militarism, of justice against force.
vv ere the proposed rule established,
each nation would become dependent
for war material on its own resources
or on the supply it could accumulate
in time of peace. The nation which
had great facilities for production of
war material would have an obvious
advantage. A nation lacking these
facilities would be compelled in self-
defense to provide them. A nation
which lacked necessary raw material
and which secretly contemplated war
would lay in a great reserve supply.
Every peaceful nation which does not
now maintain great armaments and
munition reserves would be compelled
to bring its facilities and reserve sup
ply up to the standard of Its strongest
prospective enemy. The nation which
devoted Its energies most to Droduc-
tion of war material and to training
men lor war would dominate the
world.
The huge armament interest to
which pacifists wrongly ascribe the
movement for adequate defense would
then become a portentous fact. As
we now stand, we are free in case of
war to buy material from the whole
world and can quickly make good our
aericiencles by imports. If the pro-
Gleams Through the Mist
By Ueaa Collins.
- THE CBIISE OF PKACK.
Out of the East at break of day.
Bringing to everyone ceep dismay.
Came- the mumrle and rumble and gr.umbls
and roar.
Telling that war waa not nearly o'er
And Henry was thousands of mll-8 aw-iy.
The soldiers murmured, as they fought on.
"The first of the month's already gone.
And not a minute for ary one
To get all his Christmas shopping done.
So long as we In the trench must stay
And Henry la thousands of mllos away."
And the Reichstag met and the Parliament,
The Douma llkewlso its efTorts bent.
To affairs of state and tho Premiers all
Remarked: "It Is getting late this Kail.
And the war goes on unchecked." said they,
"And Henry is thousands of miles away."
And tho Admiral sfcid to the British crew:
"Keep a sharp lookout for the Oscar Two.
For she's overdue with her plans for peace.
And the r.ar goes on without check or cease.
And there's getting to be the deuce to pay
And Kenry Is thousands of miles away."
TB.VrXINO THE TONGt E.
A new responsibility in teaching
children to speak the English lan
guage has been recognized by the
New Tork Board of Education, and
the Innovation la one which should be
followed with Interest tho country
over. A special "speech department
has been established, whose functions
will consist of extirpating foreign ac
cent and natural Impediment such as
stammering, stuttering, mumbling and
lisping. The Instructors In this new
department will busy themselves with
those twenty-five In every one hun
dred New York school children who
are afflicted with some defect of
speech or Imperfection of accent.
Inquiry one developed that nine
out of every ten boy criminals suffer
from defective speech. This led to
the inconclusive deduction that de
fective speech and criminality are
closely allied. But the preponderance
of b of defective speech who had
no criminal Inclinations proved an In
surmountable flaw In the deduction
and little Importance has been at
tached to It lately. Notwithstanding,
the effects of stammering und stutter
ing ar not to be considered lightly.
The boy who stammers and stutters
Is of nervous temperament. The af
fliction itself Is a mild sort of nervous
disorder. Naturally the effect of Jibe
does not sweeten his nature and fill
hla soul with human kindness. Lisp
ing boys have been known to indulge
In wildly-desperate pranks In order
to escape being regarded effeminate.
In dealing with these cases the most
skilful supervision will b required.
Surely they will not be left to laymen
or ordinary Instructors. Physician of
special qualifications are needed. As
for eliminating foreign accent, that is
a simpler matter, but not lesa Im
portant. These accents often lead to
race antagonisms. Invariably they
Invite more or less of that cutting
ridicule which the younger genera
tion deal In so unmercifully.
If these defect are not corrected In
school, when and where will they be
corrected?. It would seem that stu
dents are entitled lo leave school with
tho ability to apeak the English lan
guage properly and evenly. If the ex
periment prove a complete success In
New York's grammar schools, general
adoption of the plan should not be
long delayed.
some or our citizens protest hkiiui
traffic in war material in the name of Posed new principle were adopted, all
humanity, others in the name of what foreign sources of supply would be
they call neutrality. closed to us in war time and munl-
In order that we may clearly under- tion-making would become the Na-
stand the moral position of our coun- tion's chief industry, as it is that of
try with regard to the war, it Is neces- a" the belligerents. This Is a situa-
sary that we recognize certain indis- tion which no lover of peace desires,
putable facts and certain principles of Self-preservation is the first law of
justice and of International law. nature for nations as for individuals
The United States had absolutely no It requires that we do not swerve from
part In beginning the war, no Interest the position we have taken as to sale
in the disputes which caused it. of w'r material abroad, for our own
All of the quarrels, claims' and safety may require that we buy from
counterclaims are entirely outside the other nations in the future.
field of American affairs. No doubt 1
they affect our Interests Indirectly and But how in the name of common
require that w re-adjust our foreign sense could the Washington liauor de.
and military policy to meet the cision have been otherwise? After the
changed situation, but they do not people had .poken in unmistakable
require that our (Jovernment officials terms, what court would presume to
speak or write one word or do one overthrow the will of the people? The
act on behalf of any-one nation as more one considers that local yellow
against any other. Each individual
citizen Is free to hold and to express
an opinion on the merits of the quar
rel, though not to do any act in sup
port of any belligerent while under
the shelter of the United States flag.
As a National unit, through our ov
ernment. we are debarred even from
expressing an opinion on the issues.
The individual may speak; the Nation
must remain silent.
It is assumed by some that this
position of National impartiality
termed neutrality, forbids American
citizens to sell war munitions to one
party to the war unless both parties
newspaper fake on a "wet" decision
tne more vicious and assinitie the
iraud appears
Just as The Oregonian predicted
everybody has a defense bill for the
guidance of Congress and everv- bill
has some backing except the bill of the
uar College, which is the very one
worthy of serious study and considera
tion.
German officers are shooting- them
selves in fits of despondency, accord
ing to a Petrograd dispatch. Possibly
the only way Petrograd can lay claim
to losses among the Germans.
A Hood River man suggests cutting
his salary in half. By the way, is
our own Commissioner Daly standing
Dy his agreement to cIid JI000 from
his pay check?
However, cheer up! Jf worst comes
to worst Woodrow will back down
rather than quarrel with Vienna that
is. if precedent offers any basis for
Judgment.
A New York society woman was de
tected in seeking to smuggle in even
ing gowns. Officials must have used
a microscope to detect such apparel.
American rights were debated in the
Senate, says a dispatch. But there
"ain't no such animal" as American
rights any more, so why debate?
A BETTER ILLl ST RATIO!.
The President's allusion to the em
battled farmers of Lexington was lesa
lo the point In his discussion of mili
tary preparedness than would have
been an allusion to the panic-stricken
militia of Bladensburg. The battle
of Lexington wag but a skirmish be
tween the civilian population and a
detachment of British troops which
went on a raid. It corresponded to
on of those guerilla attacks by Span
iards on French supply trains which
marked' the Peninsular War. "In a
President AVilson and hla lieuten
ants In Congress will pass the buck of
responsibility for new taxes. They are
past masters of the rame huf ti, .,.
" ,ciu" ""c cannot fool the voters, who will hold
party Denis; unauie to duj, we snuuiu both responsible
sell none to tne otner party. 1 nose
are questions which our statesmen
are not free to decide according to
opinions and conditions arising after
war has begun: the very essence of
neutrality requires that we be guided
by international law as It stood when
war was declared. That law permits
citizens of neutral countries to trade
with belligerents in any commodity at
their own risk. If they sell contra
band goods that is. goods Intended
for or adaptable to warlike use they
take the risk of capture. A neutral
government, as distinguished from its
citizens. Is forbidden to engage In such
traffic or to permit armed ships or
military expeditions to leave its ter
ritory for service of a belligerent. An
Individual citizen, unarmed and at his
own expense, may go to a belligerent
country and there enlist In Its army
but he may not be enlisted in this
country for that service nor may he
travel at the belligerent's expense.
President Wilson has scrupulously ob
served our obligations and enforced
the law in these respects and against
both groups of belligerents.
To this defense of our position it Is
objected that Americans are selling
war material In great quantities to
Britain and her allies, but not at all
to Germany and her allies, and that by
so doing we are helping the former
against the latter. The answer is that
mis aiscrnnination is not or our
making: it is made by the belligerents
themselves through their preparation
for and conduct of the war. The fact
that the allies have a more powerful
navy than the Teutons is due. to the
acts of the respective nations. The
Teuton had the opportunity to build
the more powerful navy, but did not
avail themselves of it. In fair and
open fight their warships have been
sunk, raptured or driven to port and
Britain controls the sea. In conse
quence many British ships come to
our ports for cargoes of war muni
tions: no German ships come, though
our merchants stand as ready to sell
to Germany as to Britain. Neutral
ships are willing to carry goods to the
allies, but not to the Teutons, be
cause capture would be certain In the
latter case.
That Germans concede naval su
premacy to Britain Is proved by their
secret purchase and operation of ships
under neutral flags. Were the United
States Government to forbid sale of
war munitions to belligerents, it would
change our definition of neutrality
after the war had begun, would de
prive the allies of a military advan
tage, which they had fairly -won by
superior foresight and skill, and
Possibly the Administration needs a
little foreign tiff in its business with
an otherwise hopeless election outlook
on the horizon.
With Christmas fast upon us, the
improvident shoppers are putting their
shopping off until "tomorrow."
The Greek army is to be demobi
lized. Which Is far better than being
decimated or demolished.
The Pope recommends peace. So do
we. But no one seems inclined to ac
cept the nomination.
More than 2000 bills before CongTess
already. And to think that we have to
foot the bills.
Henry Ford is proposed for the
Presidency. And April 1 is months
removed.
Between Congress, Austria and Cu
pid, these are busy days for Mr.
Wilson.
But there should have been a chi
ropody day at the corn show.
Blind-pig" hunting will become the
popular sport very shortly.
Make your New
early!
Year resolutions
And a Serbian Colonel made his moan
As a bullet bounced on his left shin-bone;
"I've hopped till I've hardly left one hop.
But the war goes on and it doesn't stop:
By the Danube blue, things are looking
gray.
And Henry is thousands of miles away."
And the Kaiser said to the German staff:
"Stick on till Henry and Miss De Graff
And the rest of the party of pea--e coma
through
With the plans they've got on tlic Oscar
Two."
"If we Just hold out. we arc saved." said
they.
"But Henry Is hundreds of miles away."
And the Oscar flew o'er the bounding sea.
With Henry Kord and his peac- parteo;
And the nation thronged to the dock and
waved
Their handkerchiefs as they yelled. "We're
sa .-ed.
For Henry has brought us all the way.
His plans for peace from the L S. A..
And Mars must take to the woods, you bet.
And the dove shall perch on the bay.n-t.
And the soldier may leave in the trench
his gun.
And have time, if lie hurries upon the run.
To get all his Christmas shopping done.
Oh. many a Joyful fit tliey throw
As they cheered for the. crowd on the Oscar
Two;
"He will atop the war that so long has
roared
As easy as cranking a balky Knrd :
Let's cheer his band with a loud halloo
For Htnry Kurd on the Oscar Two."
POSTSCR I TT.
But there as- they crowded on the land.
A sadness fell on the Oscar's band.
And Henry crlea:'"! have bitter news.
Though we're here all right, we '.ave not
got Tooze.
For he missed the Oscar. l"m grieved to
slate
And he won't set here till the Frederick
Klght.
"I'm anxious to stop this dreadful war.
In fact, that Is what I came here for;
I'm grieved to the core of my heart to sea
This terrible war. and it worries me
To see tho risk to the soldiprs' lives--But
what can we do until Tooze arrives?"
"Sir." said the Courteous Office Boy,
and paused beside my chair, "Loiib have
I been in your employ and always acted
fair. May I presume to ask of thee to
get a passport made for me?"
"Why so?" I asked, and he replied:
"I have a billet doux from Ford in
viting me to ride upon the Oscar Two,
to represent, you understand, the office
boys of this fair land and their demand
that war shall cease and Kurope settle
down to peace."
I tore a paper from my pad and wrote
a passport there and handed it to him.
"My lad, I have no further care, for
I am sure you have the crust to put a
crimp in Mars or bust. Here is my
blessing, don't be late, or you won't
catch the Frederick Eight."
Heave ho, my lads, the wind blows through
The rigging of the Oscar Two.
And whistles .n the funnels great
Of that good ship the Frederick Eight.
And as we sail with friends of peace aboard
We'll -gladly hall our good friend llenry
Kord :
Then here's to the Jitney and hero's t
the kindly cuss
Who's arrar.ged a trip to Europe free for us.
CHORUS.
Sailing, sailing over the bounding main.
We'll certainly have some cause to blow
When we get home aga-ain!
Sailing, sailing, what are we sailing for?
To get a good trip on a chartered shl-l-i-lp.
And put an end to war.
At midnight, in his guarded tent, the
Turk was dreaming of the hour, when
no more money must be spent to feed
the shrapnel shower. In dreams he saw
the Kaiser go to Bagdad and pursue the
foe, and with the Teuton's bold advance
he thought he still might have a chance.
An hour passed on. the Turk awoke,
while loud the sentry snored. He
pounded on his desk and roared: "I
dreamed, I dreamed that Henry Ford
came down among the shot and shells
that bust about the Dardanelles, and
with him came the entire crew and eke
the guests on Oscar Two. And. tread
ing out each fizzing fuse. I noticed Miss
De Graff and Tooze.
'And then I dreamed that all ray
etaff came and complained of Miss Tr.
Graff and all the crowd's behavior.
"For." said they, "they'll spoil our Holy
War."
He kicked the sentry in the ear and
jabbed him in the arm.
Go blow the bugle loud and clear
and make a big alarm, and let our sub
marines all cruise and look for this
man Ford and Tooze. who ail the
heaving ocean o'er and want to stop
our Holy War."
I'm strong lor peace, that war should cease
Is what I most desire.
But I'm not much Inclined to touch
A live electric wire.
Some nations might delight to fight.
To batter, bang and bruise. .
And I don t feel called to appeal
To them to hear my views.
For once when T essayed to try
To stop a lively brawl.
I stepped between and on the bean
They soaked me, one and all.
So while I must praise Henry's crust.
In making his peace tour.
And own bis grit may make a hit
By George, his Judgment's poor.
Peace, peace, wonderful, peace;
Coming over the tumbling sea.
A suitable prize should' Nobet devise.
Good Henry, for Bryan and thee.
Peac.-. peace, wonderful peace.
Coming down like a bomb from above.
But, in your advances, you're taking long
chances.
Good Henry, I fear, with the dove.
Pickett and .Northern Invasion.
General G. E. Pickett. C. S. A., July, 'S3.
I believe that by attacking the North
on her own ground we shall fire her
heart with a hitherto unknown fLime.
Th smoldering embers w-ill blaze out
and sweep over the Nation from sea
to sea. The Southern sympathy which
now divides the North and cools her
fervor will be transformed into vin
dictive hostility that will unite all fac
tions The day we set foot on North
ern soil the bone and sinew of all the
people will rise against us.
t