THE STJTTDAT OREGOXIAN, FOTTCTJSTHJ. ' OCTOBER 24, 191o. 13 CI1Y, COUNTY UNION PROMISES PROBLEM State Senator Day Points Out to Ad Club Data Regard is ing Consolidation. DEMOCRACY IS QUESTIONED Autocratic and Aristocratic Rale Found More Efficient and Me dium Ground Is Advised. Short BaKot Advocated. ' At the meeting of the Ad Club. Wednesday, State Senator Day. in a xormai address discussed consolidation of city and county governments, and incident thereto the things that make for effeclency and economy. Senator Day s address follows: "In answer to your query for dls cusslon today. "Shall we consolidate the City and County governments? "The purpose of consolidation would be primarily to secure greater effi ciency and economy in the administra tion of the affairs of the city and coun ty, which are closely inter-related. Effi ciency and economy so generally dls- cussed and frequently unobserved, have Deen aerineo, Tirst (economy), as man aerement without loss or waste; second (efficiency), -producing results by com petent, energetic and useful activity, neither slnejj. inactive or incapable. When used in connection with muni cipal polity the words are practically synonymous, inasmuch as economy in administration requires efficiency and that which is efficient is necessarily economical. Democracy Is Questioned. "In government it is generally claimed that autocratic or aristocratic governments are most ' efficient, and democracies leas efficient. -The ex treme of democracy represented in the French revolution exemplified in the administrations of Robespierre and Marat has been cited frequently as the least efficient and most striking exam ple of democratic misrule, and is hard ly worthy of being designated as gov ernment at all. The reaction from the inefficiency in that case resulted in the elevation of Napoleon, the pride and glory of France, to the position of Em peror, with autocratic powers. It was the voice of the --oletariat that named the former; it was the voice from the cannon's mouth which called Napoleon. "I do not mean to say that all autoc racies are more efficient than all dem ocracies, but it must be conceded that in any government where the adminis tration of affairs is in a degree auto cratic, greater efficiency is the re sult. A striking exemplification of this fart is witnessed in the magnificent efficiency of the German government ruled by that prince of aristocrats and autocrats. William II of Germany, while in democratic Ensland, battling for the liberty of the world and the maintenance of democratic principles, no power of argument or persuasion has been able to secure such an enlist ment as will place its army upon a footing to give promise of success. "I do not wish to be understood as advocating- an autocracy nor- do- I- be lieve In a pure democracy, but I am firm In the belief that somewhere be tween the extremes of the autocratic and democratic will be evolved - a scheme of government Insuring . to all the essential rights of democratic gov ernment, together with that efficiency which will produce a nation wherein the greatest good to the greatest num ber will be accomplished, a nation that will be neither too proud to fight nor too strong to work. All Classes JLnpIre to Office. "The potential forces called into ex istence at the dawn of creation operat ing through countless ages have pro duced many people and many govern ments, from which I deduce the con clusion that the form of government under which any people live is, in the economy of things, that form best fit ted to their environment. "This . conclusion, however, does not presuppose that In the process of de velopment they may not reach a form of government wherein all the bless ings of civil and religious liberty may jet be attained. "In a representative form of govern ment, where the electorate ranges from the highest to the lowest, intellectual ly, physically, morally and socially, un der the law of averages the best repre sentation to be obtained in govern mental affairs will be average men ex cept in times of stress, when extremes may be reuched. In normal times men of all degrees of fitness and unfitness will present themselves as aspirants for office. Voters Are Confused. "In the selection of the fittest for office much confusion Is present In the minds of the voters by reason of the large number of places to be filled, necessitating a knowledge of individ uals entirely impracticable. Some rem eny for this condition is earnestly sought by all true friends of represen tatlve government. "One suggestion perhaps entlrelv im practicable is that all candidates should pass a civil service examination to es tablish their fitness for office. I am satisfied that this method would ef fectually exclude 90 per cent of the as pi rants. "It Is a lamentable fact that men present themselves as candidates for Important administrative positions who would be unable to qualify as sub ordlnates under civil service rules for the most ordinary positions. I do not believe I am disclosing any state secret when I tell you there is hardly a de partment of the National, state or city government, the proper administration of which is not dependent upon the knowledge, experience and ability cf uoorainates. "Under our present system of nomi nations majoritv candidates are rarely selected, with the result that men of mediocre ability, representative of no leading principles or ideas, are gen erally selected as compromise candi dates. 2 do not wish to be understood as opposing the direct primary, which I unreservedly approve and indorse ' but it must be apparent that soma eys tern should be evolved whereby we can recurs officials who are capable and trustworthy. It is not enough that we can recall an official who is incapable and untrustworthy. Short Ballot Is Sugceated. "There are apparently two methods available: one the nomination or rec ommendation of candidates to the elec torate either by convention, assembly or public meeting, all of which involves the participation of those who desire and the other the adoption of the short ballot, whereunder the number of elec tive officers is reduced to a minimum. s-ach officers to be vested practically with autocratic power. Under the pres ent system, with its multiplicity of can didates, the voters are of necessity de pendent upon the press for the in formation requisite to proper selection Of candidates. This policy if continued must eventuate in newspaper govern ment. signs of which have been appar ent for some time. "There are classes of officers whose duties' require technical skill, special knowledge and wide experience. Such officers should be appointed and not elected, it Is thoroughly well Known and understood that the qualities which beget popularity are not the qualities which stand for efficiency. Engineers, accountants, legal advisers and peace officers are among those wno migni properly be named. Assembly Does Not Interfere. "Much has been said in derision of the assembly, but I submit to you that there is nothing in connection there with which necessarily interferes in any degree with the exercise of the di rect primary. "At present under the direct primary many candidates are selected at con ferences and by influences which are neither responsible nor responsive to :b alactorate. and on this matter per mit me to quota from article 1 of the constitution of Oregon, section zs: " 'No law shall be passed restraining any of the Inhabitants of the state from assembling together In a peaceable manner to consult for the common gooa, nor from instructing their representa tives nor from applying to the Legisla ture for redress of grievances.' "Getting back to the question of con solidation, I respectfully call your at tention to article 15, of the constitu tion, section 6, which reads as follows: " 'No county shall be reduced to an area of less than 400 square miles, nor shall anv new county be established in this state containing a less area nor unless such new county shall contain a population of at least 1200 inhabi tants. Area Is First Question. "And thereunder the first question to be considered is what shall be the area of such consolidated county. Shall the limits of the area be coterminus with the county or with the city? If it be determined that tne limits De cpterminus with the city it will ne cessitate the creation of an additional county, involving an amendment to the section of the constitution last quoted. In the creation of a new county, new buildings, salaries and institutions will be required, the expense of which will effectually eliminate this proposition upon the score of economy alone. If it be determined that the limits of the consolidated governments shall be co- terminus with the county, it will in volve the consent of all incorporated cities and towns within the County of Multnomah, which, under the constitu tion, are upon a parity so far as be ing vested with power to adopt their local charters and laws. Gresham, Troutdale and Fairview have an equal voice with Portland in answering your question. Relative to this proposition, sections 2 and 2 A. of article 11 of the constitu tion are in point: 'Corporations Formed Under General Lbit, "Sot Special Municipal Char ters Enacted Only by People. " 'Corporations may be formed under general laws, but shall not be created by the Legislative Assembly by special laws. The Legislative Assembly shall not enact, amend or repeal any char ter or act of incorporation for any municipality, city or town. The legal voters of every city and town are here by granted power to enact and amend their municipal charter, subject to the constitution and criminal laws of the State of Oregon, and the exclusive power to license, regulate, control, or to suppress or prohibit, the sale of in toxicating liquors therein is vested in such municipality; but such municipal ity shall within its limits be subject to the provisions of the local option law of the State of Oregon. "Note The foregoing section was proposed by initiative petition filed June 23, 1910, and adopted by vote of the people, 63,321 for and 50,779 against, November 8, 1910. " 'Merging? of Adjoining; Municipalities. ''The Legislative Assembly, or the people by initiative, may enact a gen eral law providing a method whereby an incorporated city or town or munici pal corporation may surrender its char ter and be merged into an adjoining city or town, provided a majority of the electors of each of the incorporated cities or towns or municipal corpora tions affected authorize fhe surrender or merger, as the case may be. 'Note The foregoing section was proposed as an amendment by the Leg islative Assembly (H. J. R. No. 10), filed in the office of the Secretary of State, February 26, 1913. and adopted by vote of the people, 96.116 for and 77,671 against, November 3, 1914.' State Consent Necessary. "In addition to the consent of other municipalities within the County of Aiuitnoman. tne consent or the state to the amendment of various constitu tional provisions will also be necessary. The following have a direct bearing upon the subject under discussion, to-wit: Article 6 County Officers. " 'There shall be elected in each coun ty, by the qualified electors thereof at the time of holding general elections, a County Clerk, Treasurer. Sheriff, Coro ner and Surveyor, who shall severally hold their offices for the terms of two years. Article 7 County Judge and Terms of County Court. ' 'There shall be elected in each coun ty, for the term of four years, a Coun ty Judge, who shall hold the County Court at times to be regulated by law. Jurisdiction of County Courts County Commissioners. " 'The County Court shall have the jurisdiction pertaining to . probate courts and boards of county commis sioners, and such other powers and FORMER PORTLAND RABBI AX- IMOlCES VISIT NOVKMUKR 26. r 1? '1 Dr. Stephen S. Wise, formerly of Portland, is coming from New York and will ba in this city November 28 for a visit of two days. "While here he will deliver two lectures in behalf of the Zionist movement and Palestine. His present trip 1b a tour of the Pacific Coast, under the auspices of the pro visional executive committee of the Zionist movement and the Federation of American Zionists, of which he is vice-chairman. Louis J. Brandeis Is chairman. The tour in the West is for -the pur pose of arousing interest among the Jews of this district in the Zionist moven:ent and in the people and coun try of Palestine, where Rabbi Wise traveled extensively in 1913. The telegram announcing- his visit was received a few days ago and a local committee will arrange for his recep tion. Rabbi Wise is accompanied on the trip by Mrs. Wise. While here he will probably appear at the Temple Beth Israel, where he was rabbi for a num ber of years. Vk :v -r T The Winter- Fashions Are The New Bolero Vestee fashion's latest craze. Shown at the Emporium first. It's the very style they are wearing on Fifth avenue, New York. Made of good quality velveteen edged in black braid and lace with ribbon. Youll be sure to have one the minute you see the stylish effect they give. Many stores would sell them for twice this price, considering their newness. Here tomorrow The most beautiful and stylish Waists are here. Laces, Georgette Crepes, Crepe many new styles just received. $10.00 Waists in every respect. Here $6.95. Sixtfv St. duties, and such civil jurisdiction not exceeding the amount of value of 8500, and such criminal jurisdiction not ex tending to death or imprisonment in the penitentiary as may be prescribed by law. But the Legislative Assembly may provide for the election of two Commissioners to sit with the County Judge whilst transacting county busi ness in any or all the counties, or may provide a separate board for transact ing: such business. 'County Clerk. etc. Legislature may divide duties of Csmnty Clerk A County Clerk; shall be elected in each county, for the term of two years, who shall keep all the public records, books and papers of the county, record conveyances and perform the duties of clerk of the Circuit and County Courts, and such other duties as may be pre scribed by law: but whenever the num ber of voters in any county shall ex ceed 1200, the Legislative Assembly may authorize the election of one person as clerk of the Circuit Court, one per son as the clerk of the County Court. and one person recorder of conveyances. "'Sheriff A Sheriff shall be elected in each county for the term of two years, who shall be the ministerial officer of the Circuit and County Courts, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by law. " 'Prosecuting Attorney There shall be elected by districts comprised of one or more counties, a sufficient number of Prosecuting Attorneys, who shall be the law officers of the state, and of the counties within their respec tive districts, and shall perform such duties pertaining- to the administration of law and general police, as the Legis lative Assembly may direct.' Amendments Would Be deeded. "From a scrutiny thereof it will be observed that the County Commission ers. County Clerk, County Treasurer, Sheriff, Coroner, Surveyor, District At torney, Justices of the Peace and Coun ty Court are all constitutional state officers elected at the time of the gen eral election and the provisions quoted relative thereto would all have to be amended to accomplish consolidation of the city and county governments. "The office of Sheriff in English law is almost coeval with English history. long antedating modern governments and In theory and power one of the highest, most important and dignified offices under our form of government. He is the executive arm of the judici ary, serves its processes and executes its decrees, and holds in custody all persons committed to his care by the courts. He is the. peace officer of the county, named in the constitution and charged with the duty at all times of maintaining the public peace and en forcing the law. Incident thereto he can compel the assistance of all citizens through the power of the posse com! tatus. "It is not apparent to me how this officer can be either eliminated or sub. ordinated to any authority other than the authority of the state itself. It is not apparent that any economy will be effected by enlarging the power of the sheriff to include the management and control of the police department of the city, the duties of which are largely confined to -city affairs, the enforce ment of municipal ordinances, regula tion of traffic various Inspections, pa trol duties and such other duties as may be directed by city authority, al though charged with the preservation of the peace and the apprehension of criminals. Cleric Cosrt Officer Also. "The County Clerk is an officer of the courts also, with powers and duties regulated by constitutional authority. He is the custodian of all county rec ords, and a constitutional amendment would be necessary before consolidation could be effected. "The City Auditor performs duties for the city generally corresponding to those of the County Clerk. These duties are best performed by men of long ex perience and exceptional ability, and it is Questionable in my mind whether efficiency would be advanced by tak ing these duties from those who are familiar with city affairs and plB.clng them In the hands of men primarily charged with- the performance of func tions relating to state government. "A county la a political-subdivision EVERYTHING THATS HEWEST They Are Here in Wonderful Array! . Note the enthusiasm that is rapidly spreading among discriminating women of Portland over the charming new Winter garments and Millinery shown at The Emporium at moderate prices. Each day sees the arrival of the newest and most favored fashions. Beautiful New Suits, New Coats and Charming Dresses. Charming Suits made in Russian Blouse effects. Suits of rich Broadcloths, Poplins and Wide Wale Whipcords. Many trimmed in Skunk, Opossum, others in -Fitch, as well as stunning braids and velvets. One stylish model shown in illustration with long graceful lines with the "Ripple Flare" one of the most swagger.effects shown this season. You never saw such beautiful garments priced so moderately. --$27.50 --$32.50 $37.50 Monkey Coats We make a feature of them because they are by far the new est creation in coats for Winter. Be the first woman in Portland to wear one of these new coats. Made in stylish flaring models in rich navy blue, forest green and- black. . See this swagger coat tomorrow. Priced very moderate. $42.50 $49.50 Exquisite Waists dating back to the formation of Eng lish government. Its functions are well established and understood, the duties of its officers clearly determined and under our form of government it is a political subdivision of the state, exercising and performing state func tions and duties. Success Elsewhere Kot Great. "A city is a municipal corporation under our constitution, vested with complete local authority, except as to the criminal laws of the state. There are some consolidated city and county governments within the United States, and the experience of the cities and counties so consolidated have not been so conspicuously successful in either efficiency or economy that we should hasten to emulate their example. Article 3, section 1 of the consti tution reads: " The powers of government ehall be divided into three separate depart ments, the legislative, the executive. Including the administrative, and the judicjal. and no person charged with official duties under one of these de partments shall exercise any of the functions of another except as in this constitution expressly provided.' More than a century of experience as a. Nation and more than half a cen tury of experience with our state government has demon strated the wisdom of this con stitutional provision. Legislative and administrative power should never tie exercised by the same department of government. The taxing power should not be vested, with the same depart ment having the expenditure of the funds raised through taxation. The disappointing spectacle witnessed In this city, where for days our City Com missioners have been engaged in prun- FIONEER OF" 1847 SUBS SUD DENLY AT 82. V F a. r $ William HoUIs HamU. William Hollis Harrell died suddenly at the residence of his brother, 6705 Forty-fifth avenue Southeast, October 21, aged 82 years. He was born in Illinois Sep tember 21. 1833, and was the sec ond son of Isaac Harrell, an Ore gon pioneer. The family removed to Iowa in 1843, and in 1847 came to Oregon by ox team, settling in Clatsop County, near Astoria. He went to Washington County in 1S55, and in 1867 married Mary Ann Cave, a daughter of James Cave. & pioneer Methodist minister. To them were born five chil dren, of whom but one, D. II. Harrell. of (27 East Ninth street, survives. His wife died April 5, 1904. Funeral services were held at Larch's undertaking parlors. East Eleventh and Clay streets. I U JT $1.45 de Chine, ing the budget prepared by themselves individually, would not bo witnessed under a government with powers prop erly distributed. Budget Warnlngr Ulven. "The setting up of a straw man in the form of a budget and then beating it out of shape may be conducive to the gayety of a dull season and give hope to our overburdened taxpayers, buti adds nothing to the dignity of the Commission as a body, nor does it beget confidence in our new form of muni cipal government. The rapidly mount ing charge of taxation upon property If. continued will accomplish all that; the advocates of single tax hope to ac complish by the inauguration of the policy of Henry George. Already in this city the tax charge upon property equals the revenue upon thousands of pieces of property "and the policy of taxation if continued will render the question of the disposition of unearned increment - no - longer one of concern. as. like the boy with the apple who left no core, there will be no unearned increment to be distributed. "To me It is apparent that the activi ties of our citizens should be directed to the perfecting of our present poli tical systems rather than flying to ills we know not of. It has been said here today that in the last analysis the results of government are to be de termined more by the character of the men administering than the form there of. It must be evident that an answer to your question must Involve wide research and deep study. I have en deavored to point out to you some of the problems, which confront you upon the undertaking." DORY TO TAKE LONG TRIP Builder Will Travel From Albany to Xewport In Craft. ' ALB ANT, Or., Oct. 23. (Special.) In a boat which they expect to use in the halibut fishing business of Taquina Bay, Captain L. A. Wood and son. Charles Wood, of this city, left Albany today to go to Newport by water. They will travel down the Willamette to the Columbia and thence to the ocean and down the coast to Yaquina Bay. Their boat is a dory 26 feet long with a nine-foot beam. It was built here by Captain Wood after the pat tern of the boats used in the fishing industry off the Coast of Maine, where Captain Wood was reared. It draws four inches of water, is equipped with a 3U-Rorsepower engine, and has elec tric lights. The engine is an automo bile engine, and the pilot wheel was formerly the steering wheel of an automobile. Captain Wood has a pilot's license for any waters in the world. Wood Higher in Polk County. AIRLIE, Or., Oct. 23. (Special.) . Wood in large quantities is being cut this Winter in the hills surrounding this place. The supply last year w inadequate and an attempt is made to cut away a larger portion on the lands where the crops may soon replace the timber to advantage. Ash is scarce here, and the price has risen above So a cord. Oak brings commonly $4 a cord, but the price will rise SO cents soon. During the times when employ ment on the farms and in Polk County towns is low, the energies of the hands are directed to cutting a large supply or wood. V. M. C. A. Host to High School Boys ALBANY, Or.. Oct. 2S. (Special.) A "smokeless smoker was held this evening at the Young Men's Christian Association here, n which the members of the Albany College Y. M. C A. en tertained the boys of the senior and Junior classes of the Albany High t-cnooi. in other woros, it was a "stag 1 social, and In lieu of something to smoke there were cider and doughnuts. Music and games featured the evening. Mwllssrland r.ormsnr sells tso.POO.OOo worth, oi e&eeM .axJ- to xn i-nitod elates. FIRST AT THE EMPORIUM lMost Charming! A Sale of Millinery That Will Startle All Portland! Right when the Winter season is at its height. Right when The Emporium's stocks are most complete with the most favored creations in Millinery, this extraordinary announcement. Think what this will mean to the Discriminating women of Portland, to be able to purchase the very newest and most desirable Trimmed Hats, Flowers, Feathers for one-fourth off our low prices. Plan to be early to this sale, get the first se lection of this wonderful stock of Millinery at one-fourth discount. Every New Trimmed Hat Reduced . Ever New Flower Reduced . Every New Feather Reduced Beautiful Paradise. Gura and Numidi, All Reduced . . . WOMAN FIGHTS COUGAR BATTLE - COXTIXtES 20 MIXUTUS AND ANIMAL IS ROUTED. After Saving Life of Baby and Herself, Mrs. E. Burrkhard, ear Aber deen, Becomes Hysterical. ABERDEEN, Wash., Oct. 23. (Spe cial.) Fighting off a cougar for 20 minutes with a piece of pipe and thus saving her own and her 18-months-old baby's life, was the experience of Mrs. E. Burckhard. former Aberdeen resi dent and daughter of Mr. and Mrs. T. E. Warwick, of this city. The cougar attacked her Tuesday. near Taholah. 30 miles west of here. while she was on a trail going toward the Quinlault oil well to meet her husband who is watchman there. The cougar had been chasing a fox and when he saw the woman and child. diverted his attention to them. Mrs. Burckhard had picked up a three-foot piece of pipe, with the intention of try ing to hit the fox. The cougar struck at her and tore her iress into shreds. After a 2)-minute fight the cougar fled and the woman hastened home. where her husband found her in hysterics. The baby had hung tight to her neck throughotu the fight. PHEASANT SUPPER IS PLAN Albany Elk Last Week Partook or Venison Feast. ALBANY, Or., Oct. 23. (Special.) A China pheasant supper will be en Joyed Thursday evening by the mem bers of the Albany lodge of Elks. Many members of the lodge will spend that afternoon hunting and a good supply of birds is expected. Delegations of mem bers of the local lodge residing at Cor vallis, Harrisburg. Halsey and other places will attend the supper. This will be the second game supper of the season, as a venison feast was enjoyed at the meeting last Thursday. The venison was furnished by W. H. Hogan and W. M. Parker, of the local lodge, who bagged five deer on a re cent hunt in Southern Oregon. SHEEP DEATH TO TICKS All Insects but One Succumbs to Grease of Wool. LEWISTON. ' Idaho, Oct. 23. (Spe cial.) According to official reports, the public health service has been at work for the Inst four years destroy ing the wood ticks and their rodent hosts In an effort to eradicate the dis ease from the valleys. Recent experi ments Indicate that sheep grazing is the most feasible method of accom plishing this end in this particular lo cality. " The so-called sheep tick is the only Insect which lives comfortably In the long wool of our Western sheep: other insects and ticks are killed generally when they attempt to crawl through the heavy, greasy wool. A small band of sheep turned loose 1n the barnyard will quickly rid it of fleas. ' Railroad Clerks Organize. CENTRA.LIA. Wash., Oct. 28. (Spe cial.) The Railroad Office Employes' Association, comprising clerks In all of ths main line stations between Lake view and Vancouver and on the Grays Harbor and Wlllapa Harbor branches. Is the name of a new organisation re cently formed at a meeting held in this city. The officers are: C, P. Fulton, of Chehalls, president; Fred S.- Stock- bridge, of Centralis, vice-president, and Jiistatepo vm EAq is -ant .rur? John Blumstrom. of Chehalls. secretary-treasurer. The purpose of the as sociation Is to effect a better under stsanding between the railroad em ployes and th& public. GIRLS! LOTS OF BEAUTIFUL HAIR 25c-Cent Bottle of "Danderine" Makes Hair Thick, Glossy and Wavy. Removes All Dandruff, Stops Itching Scalp and Fall H ing air. To be possessed of a head of heavy, beautiful hair; soft, .ustrous. fluffy, wavy and free from dandruff Is merely a matter of using a little Danderine. It Is easy and inexpensive to have nice, soft hair and lots of it. Just get a 25-cent bottle of Xnowlton's Dander ine now all drug stores recommend it apply a little as directed and within ten minutes there will be an appear ance of abundance, freshness, fluftinest and an incomparable gloss and luster, and try as you will, you cannot find a trace of dandruff or falling hair: but your real surprise will be after about two weeks' use, when you wlli see new hair fine and downy at first yes but really new hair sprouting all over your scalp. Danderine is, we beiiave. the only sure hair grower, destroyer ot dandruff and cure for Itchy scalp, and it never fails to stop fall g hair at once. If you want to prove how pretty and soft your hair really is, moisten a cloth with a little Danderire and carefully draw it through your hair taking one small strand at a time. Your hair will be soft, glossy and beautiful in just a few moments a delightful surprise awaita everyone who tries fhli Adv. f r ri i : : v " ; - J ' . " rtl MITT llii I' i -i ' u s ftal