TTTE STTJTDA Y ORFGONTAN. PORTT.AND, AUGUST , 8, - 1915.
HvYou Gmft(M GMot m MdrensMra Eyes
CERTAXNLT all belief and theo
ries that the aex or atatur or
Intellectual vigor or ability of
children la determined by the rela
tive as of the parents, by whether
the child cornea first or lat la tbo
family, by whether the father or the
mother represents th mora vigorous
and dominant atock moat go by the
board aa completely from a blologle
point of view aa they have been found
unreliable and without definite rela
tion tn practical and atatlatlcal re
search studies.
In fact theao' tbeorlea unconsciously
aeutralUe on contradict one another.
Too can hear It urged with great vigor
and poeitlveneas la the 'smoking-room
f any club or from the boxes and
barrels of any corner grocery that
children will follow the aex of th
strongest parent, or. per contra, that
nature la determined to make good any
future defect or weakness In th aex.
and consequently that children will
follow the sex of that parent who hap
pens to b most deficient In constitu
tional vigor. And both aldea will
t equally well supplied with am
munition In th shape of In
stances of little seml-tnvalld moth
ers who bavs ralaed families of big.
tardy boys, with perhapa only a sin
gl girl. and. vie versa, of great strap
ping amasons of mothers who bav
presented spindling and consumptive
husbands with an unbroken succession
of boys.
Or th assertion will be mad that
children take after their mother In
bodily characteristics and appearance,
and their fathers In mind and charac
ter. Th statement appears to be tell
ingly and triumphantly supported by
th famous and well-known Instance
ef th mule, whose stubbornness and quit confidently make Is that th chil--vlelousness
from his father's side bav dren of parent both of whom are blue
snad him more notorious than the sis eyed, will all have either gray or blue
and strength which he owes to his eyes. This for th simple, but curious,
toother. reaaon that both parents, lacking th
But th opponent will always com darker color, or. as It Is termed, the de
back with th triumphant clincher from termlnsnt. necessary for brown eyes,
which there la no appeal that It Is on their children also will lack It, and
of th axioms of philosophlo llteratur consequently be able only to show or
ef ths "Mother. Horn and Heaven va- produce th lighter shades of eye called
riety. to aay nothing of suffragist de- blue or gray. '
bates, that great men Invariably In- In th same way. thla curious split
fcerit th characters which made them ting and throwing away half and corn
great from their noble and devoted blnlng again with another unknown
mothers. The principal strength of this and freshly split half, explains why it
latter argument Ilea In th fact that la that either genlua or striking per
whll It Is perfectly possible to demon- aonal beauty so seldom appears In both
atrate beyond the shadow of a doubt father and son. or In both mother and
that the fathers of most men were daughter, or la more than on child of
nothing out of th ordinary, there la a family. Genius and great beauty are
always a sporting chance that the both such rare accidents, requiring
mother might have.been something such a remarkable piling up and ag
remarkable, or would, hav been. If gregatlon of girta and desirable qual
sh had been placed under favorable Hies from scores of generations snd
surroundings, and." bf course, nobody tens of thousands of ancestors, such
would be ungallant enough to deny that an astonishing snd almost impoasibls
possibility to any lady. cast of all th high numbers of th $ice
In fact, all these positive theories at once, that they, only occur about
In regard to children resembling moth- one In 500.000 to 1,000.000 births. "It.
r In body and father In mind, or vie is practically beyond th limits of pos
ters, of following their stronger par- siblllty that such rare and transcen
ent or their weaker parent In the mat- dent and Improbable fuslngs of all th
ter of sex. or lowered vigor or children good things together, with most of to
born of elderly parents, or of feeble- bad left out, could be split In two, as it
Bess from boy-and-gtrl mating, rest were, with a cleaver, cut Ilk th Gor
upoa on and th same basis whether dlan knot, arbitrarily combined with a
they be positive or negative, pro or totally strange and dissimilar half, and
con. And that Is that If yon collect a again reproduce th rare, once-ln-a-sufficiently
large number of cases you million combination,
will find almost exactly th same num- That this high Inherent Improb
ber that follow the "rule" as of those ability Is almost unanimously con
that prove exceptions to It- So that firmed by history needs no Illustration,
each theory will hav a safe SO per It la th rarest of exceptions that w
cent of all instances produced In sup- hav to refer to a great man by any
port of his truth. And SO per cent, or thing but his single name to make per
even 10 per cent, of aupport by actual foctly clear whom we mean. It la sel
facta la abundance 'for moat of our dom. indeed, that we have to ssk ths
theories and beliefs. . question. "Older?" or "ToungerT"
One or two things, however, may be "George?" or "Charlear" or "What cen
falrly positively said In thla curious tury?" or TVTat country?" There has
shuffling and dividing and combining been but one Aristotle, on Dante, on
SLgaln. thla swinging and changing of Beethoven, on Darwin,
partner in th reel of fertilisation, and Almost the only exception have been
that Is, that while all aorta of new and cases of great men who happened to be
unexpected combinations may crop out born of names which though honorable
tn th first child, in the second child and respectable were extremely popular
and th third child for th most part and In widespread use. So that when
striking and extreme traits or com- we speak of "th great Smith" we may
blnatlons tend to be weeded out and have to Imitate the famous echo of the
disappear. Golden hair and peaches- Allegheny Mountain resort, whoa re-and-cream
complexion, for Instance. In plies were of such wonderful fidelity
the mother, or flaming red thatch and and perfection that when anyone shout
freckles In the father, may entirely fail ed up the gorge. "Oh. Smith!" it would
to reappear even In a family of six or echo back. "Which Smith d'ye mean?"
even children, or at most only one It Is true that there were two Pliny a.
child, all the others showing the aver- the elder and the younger; two Fltts.
age brownish or dust-color tints of two Johns and two Charles Francis
kalr and ordinary skim-milk to brick- Adams, two Dumas Alexander, ths
red neutral tones of complexion. An younger, as if to emphasis the lncred
xceptlon to this rule occur only In bl rareness of th coincidence, a mu
those cases In which th golden locks latto, or rather a quadroon; and the
or th carroty poll are fixed family great Charle Darwin had three sons,
traits of several generations' standing. caeh of whom did creditable and valu-
Another prophecy which we can able work In aome branch of aclence.
In quite regular proportions. L a, one-
fourth black, like the lather; one
fourth white like the mother, and one
half blue-gray or Intermediate. This
one, two, one, followed by more com
plicated but equally definite and regu
larly proportions in later generations,
are known as "Mendelian proportions."
The law is quite a universal one, as
is Illustrated by the fact that Mendel's
first illustration of it was found In
plants the ordinary garden pea being
used for the purpose. By sprinkling
the flower of a tall variety of pea with
pollen from a dwarf or low-growing
variety, on sowing the peas that re
sulted: it was found that one-fourth
of them produced tall plants like one
parent, another fourth dwarf or short
plants like the other parent, while half
were of different degrees of Interme
diate growth between tallness and
dwarfednees.
Here, In both cases, we have three
widely different types of children in
one family, and if the matter had ended
here It would have been Interesting
enough, but perfectly simple. But
when the blue and the white and the
black chickens were mated together,
each with their own color, instead of
the blacks producing only blacks and
the whites only whites, It was found
that some of the differences between
them were more apparent than real.
For each pair of the different colored
chicks produced offspring of all three
different colore In varying propor
tlona. That Is to say, that when two
black chicks were mated together, they
produced some blue, some black, aome
white, although In this case the black
chicks were In the majority. If two
-. of the white chicks were mated to
andhad as a cousin the distinguished gether they produced a majority of
Francis Galton. but these are only the white chicks, but also a regular pro
exceptions which prove the rule, and portion of blue and black. And most
for the most part occur In the second surprising of all, when the blues were
or third rank of ability, roughly known mated together they actually produced
as "talent" more blacks and whites than they did
This may perhaps sound a trifle hard of their own color, and the same proved
for the brothers, and sisters, and cous- true ojt the "hybrid," tall, dwarf and
Ins. and children, and grandchildren of Intermediate ones.
.ni..... r f.mou. beauties, but It is In other words. It was clearly shown
correspondingly consoling to the over- that children Inherit from one or the
whelming mass of us sound, useful, av- other parent, not merely those charac
erage. undistinguished majority of the ters of likeness which they show clearly
human species. For 'whlle these high on the surface, as It were, but also
and distinguished gifts are both rare others, which are completely hidden,
and difficult of transmission, the home- or, as it Is termed, latent In them, but
'ly virtues and sturdy vigor, quiet, u a- which may crop out In future genera
selfish determination and patient In- tlons. It may be quite a remote gen
dustry the less brilliant, but In the eratlon. too, as generations go in human
long run probably far more useful descent. For experiments with plants or
characteristics of humanity are not only animals carried out to the tenth and
perfectly possible, but almost certain twelfth generation still show sudden
of transmission to the vast majority of outcropplngs of the characters of the
the children. In a family. Wholesome- original ancestor in the offspring of
ness, quiet courage, fidelity, industry, individuals which had lost them corn
are, so to speak, so abundant, so deep- pletely, ao. far as their external ap
ly rooted In all stocks, that almost any pearance was concerned,
kind of fair and Impartial split will Characters, In fact, may be latent,
contain a goodly supply for the en- even for scores of generations and
"dowment of the child or find what It hundreds of years and never appear
lacks In the complements! half from upon the surface, simply for lack of
the other parent. Moderate and highly the presence of some influence, known
useful degrees of ability and efficiency as a deteiminant- This is believed to
are fairly safe to be transmitted, espe- be some chemical substance, possibly
daily If their counterpart be present an acid, and when this is supplied the
In the other parent; and the general slumbering possibilities of black which
average ability, usefulness and vigor of have lain dormant for generations in
a family of children will usually be a breed of white fowls, for instance,
higher when both parents are of sound, will suddenly blossom out in an ebony
sturdy, honorable stock, than when one black chicken or brood of chickens,
parent Is a genius or highly gifted and Indeed, so tenacious may be this pos
th other of only average endowment, siblllty of color formation that when
Another Interesting illumination has two very 'widely separated breeds are
been thrown upon the question of why mated together, for instance, a white
children In the same family may be so silky hen whose breed has in every
apparently unlike by - the so-called member been pure white for a score
Mendelian theory and Its developments, of generations mated with a black
To put the matter very briefly. Mendel Spanish rooster whose splendid glitter
and his followers (pund that if two In- Ing raven black and metallic green
dlvlduals were mated togetner wno colors have been fixed lor at least 300
varied widely and noticeably in some years some of the chicks will be neither
single character, such aa color or size, black nor white, nor blue-gray, but
their offspring would not simply rep- blaze out into the splendid red and or
resent a medium or compromise be- ange and gold of the original ancestor
tweet the two, but would fall Into of all the domestic fowls, the Gallus
three groups one resembling one bankiva or Jungle cock of Slam, best
parent, the other resembling the other, known, to us in his least changed de
end the third varying degrees of inter- scendant. the gorgeous gamecock,
mediacy between the two. So that not only may characters be
To take a famous Instance In poultry: longing to one parent or one grand
If a hen of a certain breed and color, parent crop out In one child and pot
mainly white, be mated with a rooster in the next, but some trait from a
of another breed, which Is Jet-black, long-forgotten great-great-grandpar-the
chickens hatched from hef eggs ent or ancestor of even the Augustan
will fall into three sharply marked age. So do not look for too much unl
classes. One black, like the father; formity among your children, still less
one white, like the mother, and one regret its absence, because they cannot
having the mother attend concerts and
hang the walls of her room with por
traits of great composers or virtuosos
have about as much effect on the in
born gifts of the coming life as they
have upon the stages of the moon or
upon the appearance of the first vio
let. But. if you have selected the part
ner of your Joys and sorrows (or rather
she has selected you) with reasonably
good Judgment and common sense you
may feel fairly safe that these varia
tions will be restricted within the lim
its of vigor, intelligence and of sanity,
and that their study and dealing with
will be not mere interesting, but enjoy
able. In fact, we are coming- strongly to
suspect that we have made a perfect
obsession and fetish of uniformity In
the past and done ourselves and our
children grievous wrong and unhappl
ness by trying to crowd everyone of
them into a certain fixed and conven
tional mold. The whole aim of the
happy, the helpful, the real education
is to hunt for and encourage these dif
ferences, not ruthlessly plane them
down to a monotonous "standard" and
to make it ouV supremest study to find
out what particular thing each child
can do best and most efficiently and
then train him to do that thoroughly
and well, and so fit him to fill his
Individual gap in the mosaic of the
community. When we once do this we
shall find practically no stupid chil
dren, barring those who are clearly de
fective by inheritance, few so-called
"average" children and an immense
number of children who can do some
one beautiful or useful thing so ex
tremely well and so happily that they
will be of more value to the community,
more honor to their kin, than many a
genius.
jCatnybo?r7ty deep cwdred-
ma or zneir aeaot
dfafejfieeL MeacJied jby irrteryirofts
cfaPe conceited tAer&tyutcoftt
20iei tie tyraity ana tJiejtrinceurujf
Pqy tJwfice rnurdered pent
Hum tieiarpefi wiue ylorioufl
Only tfien- f fieri. tiei.
(jeorgfe ?e)(fard 'Zforte
HAPPIEST MARRIAGES THOSE WllERE
WIFE ASSUMES PART OF BURDEN
"Irate Wife" Gives "Sentimental Girl" Bit of Advice as Revealed by Barbara Boyd's Discussion of Matrimonial
Partnerships Real Beauty Not Marred When Tinsel Is Rubbed Off She Says.
"B
intermediate between the two, L e..
alaty or bluish gray. Thla is the
method In fact by which was formed
the now well-known blue Andalusian
breed. What is more singular still. If
all be dealt with according to the same
petty rule and code. '
It is entirely beyond your power to
change or even modify their charac
teristics in any marked degree, either
a sufficiently large number of chicks before or after birth. All attempts to
be hatched, these colors tend to occur make cniiaren into musical geniuses py
BT BARBARA BOYD.
UT It is so comforting to have
the strong, sheltering arms of
a husband about you," sighed
the Sentimental Girl.
"Strong, sheltering arms! Rats!"
inelegantly retorted the Irate Wife.
"That may be a beautiful sentiment,
but what does it mean?"
"It means," dreamingly replied the
Sentimental Girl, "that he'll protect
you from all care and worry and trou
ble." "Huh!" snapped the Irate Wife. "Did
you ever see anybody's arms protect
you from trouble? Arms aren't any
barrier to trouble."
"Anyway, he'll Bhelter you from the
world and all Its unpleasantness."
"He will, will he? Tou Just go ask
a dozen wives you know how much
sheltering from the world they get.
Who is it, I'd like to know, who puts
the grocery man off when his bill isn't
paid? It's the wife nine times out of
ten. Who is it wheedles the milk man
with the promts that Mr. Jones will
settle for sure next week? Who is it
battles with the plumber to get the
kitchen sink fixed cheap and then gets
growled at over the supper table for
paying such outrageous prices? Who is
it goes to prayer-meeting by herself at
night through' streets as dark as
Egypt, while her husband sits home
and reads the paper? Who is it has io
listen to sarcastic remarks about wom
en's clubs though her husband goes to
baseball every Saturday and yells Ilka
a lunatic at men running around a lit
tle patch of dlrtr
"But not all men are like that," re
monstrated the Sentimental Girl.
"Maybe not," replied the Irate Wife
with grim - lips. "But the ones that
aren't ought to be put in a cage and
labelled. There'd be lots of married
women who would go take a look at
them Just to see what they are like."
"You don't believe in marriage,
then?" meekly asked the. Sentimental
GirL
"Indeed I do. What I don't believe
in is the sentimental twaddle ttiat is
put out about marriage. And this
"sheltering arms" business is Just a
sample. A tnan can protect a woman
that Is, some men will," she corrected
herself, "from some things. But not
from all. Marriage is a serious matter.
It is a partnership. And it is up to
the woman to do her share. She's got
to bear the brunt in certain things
quite as much as has the man. And
she might as well know It beforehand.
If she thinks she is going to creep into
his arms at every little dust cloud that
comes along and let him protect her,
she is going to wake up to some dis
agreeable facts. This is a hustling
world and men have to live strenuous
lives. They haven't time, even if they
had the inclination, to shield their
wives from every little fret and worry
that may come along. And not only Is
she not shielded but in the majority
of marriages she has to bear her share
of the worries and responsibilities that
come. Marriage is no dolce far niente
existence, let me tell you."
"Of course," mediated the Senti
mental Girl, "I do not think any true
woman would want to be a burden."
' "In most cases, she wouldn't get a
chance to be even if she wanted to.
She's got to hustle out and help. But
if she believes In the sheltering arms
theory, what does she expect to be but
a burden? If she is looking forward to
being protected sand cared for like a
lily of the field, what Is she but a bur
den?' The trouble is that girls do not
look far enough into marriage or see
what a lot of the rybblsh that is
handed out about it really means. If
they did, there wouldn't be so many
disillusioned wives."
"I hate to see it robbed of its beauty,
though," sighed the Sentimental Girl.
- "Taking off its gilt tinsel doesn't
take away any real beauty," said the
Irate Wife, stilf a bit grimly. "If
you're looking for the genuine beauty
of marriage, the only place you'll find
It is in the practical facts of everyday
living. And you've got to have the
eye to see it to find it there."
IXTIXEXCB OF A RADICAL
You may be right, but the minute
you become radical you lose your in
fluence for the right. Atchison Globe.
MR. HOTEL CLERK
You are sometimes mistaken in the
belief that the hotel clerk owns the
hotel. Atchison Globo.
A chaperon can only attain popu
larity by neglecting her work.
o i v.i iio v i it io e 1 b u i iiiii Ei m i i b
1 1A1 l lTAklVOlMlh) Ullb
"
S.- - -a-w M..VU. , K rfi.l.l.. w n, ta.An.AHKl. nin( A m tVi fTnlum- Ormn Hlfnrlfl SnMntv In in the A.
a rocs maraing ijii aivisio.. ok
I I Eastarn from Western Oregon, on
the Columbia River, travelers a
few months from now will see an oc
tagonal, gray stone structure of native
rock, with a green tiled roof, and
within this shelter will find the first
locomotive to operate tn th Northwest
probably th first on th Pacific
Coast If th suggestion of Samuel C
Lancaster, which met with th hearty
approbation of Governor Wlthycomb
and other of th notable party that
opened th Columbia Highway recently,
is carried out.
As tourists In Switzerland seek out
and remember th famed "Lion of Lu
cerne." so th globe-trotter of th fu
ture, beating on his bat th motto. "8c
America First." will look, says Mr.
Lancaster, for th famous memorial on
th Columbia. From th train, th
shiin could b seen, resting on th
crown of Tooth Rock. From th high
way, parties could glance la th door.
A picture of Tooth Rock and surround
ings appeara on th flrat page of thla
ctioa of Th Oregonlan.
Th ait of th memorial would over
look th exact location of the old port
age road, over which Portland's pio
neers rod In th arly day and which
laid th fouadatlona of aome of th
greatest fortune m Oregon. Th en
gine. BOW resting In th O.-W. B, A N.
yards, would b th asm that puffed
Jong th wooden rail of th porag
rod oa th Oregon side of th Colum
bia In 11(1 and earned, many time
ever. Its weight la gold for th own
era Tooth Rock la th exact geographical
tflrtaioa of th Cascad Kaaj, Oa th
memorable opening day of the Colum
bia Highway, murky weather and
muddy roads were found by th party
until th rock was reached. Three
miles beyond this point, the automobile
wheels stirred Eastern Oregon dust, in
stead of mud.
The rock stands la sight of the
ground on which the greatest struggles
of the pioneers of the gold rush of "5
and (C occurred where rafts of house
hold goods tried to negotiate the five
miles of rapids lying between Bonne
ville and The Dalles. Directly north of
the rock ta the north pier of the fabled
Bridge of the God a. towering 1420 feet
In the air. The rock itself is part of
the south pier of the bridge.
The cost of this memorial would not
exceed 1 :000. declares Mr. Lancaster,
who has appealed to the Q.-W. R. It N.
to finance Its erection. If unsuccessful
In this. Portland residents who owe
much of their present wealth to the
emlngs of the old portage road will be
asked to make thla contribution for
poaterlty. '
Mr. Lancaster first conceived the Idea
of such a memorial In compiling data
for his book. "America's Great High
Way Through the Cascsdes to the Sea."
which will soon be In th hands of th
publisher. In research of old records,
be found that the present roadbed of
the O.-W. R. a N. at this spot Is on
the exact site where ran the old port
age roed. He found that the portage
road was not only on th Washington
side of the river but was on the Ore
gon side as well, and that oa the Ore
gon side was uaed the first locomotive
so far as be has been able to find
that operated on the Pacific Coast.
Further investigation revealed th fact
that U locomotive, th property of th
Oregon Historical Society. Is in the Al-
blna yards of the railroad.
Charges of one-quarter to one-half
of the entire steamboat charges from
Lewlston to Portland, found Mr. Lan
caster, were made by the owners of the
portage road for carrying goods .less
than five miles where navigation was
Impossible.
Mr. Lancaster's Idea for the memorial
Is a house octagonal 16 form. 20 feet
across. It would be built of native
rock, on a cement base. Windows would
be atll high, and the building almost
aurrounded by heavy plate-glass win
dows. It would not be high and the
roof would be of green tile to harmon
ise with the natural greenery of the
adjacent woods. It would somewhat
resemble the old blockhouaes and would
be the Columbia's only castle.
On the interior walls of this build
ing would be found by Interested
travelers the original accounts of pio
neers who passed over the very route
seen below In the early days. The cen
ter of Interest, of course, would be the
history-making locomotive on a raised
platform In the center of the structure.
Seats about the sides would offer w
place of rest and meditation upon days
that are past.
SIT DOG
I tried to write a poem
To my dog the other day.
To tell him that I loved him,
la the very nicest way.
Mama said It was a poem
That I had done quite well;
But Papa's name Is nicer.
Kor he called It "Doggerel."
St. Nicholas.
During 1014 naarly 80.000.000 sallona ot
eroote wr uaed by the preserving plants
ef the United etaua.
WORKS OF ART NOT
ALWAYS JUDGED FAIR
S .
THE worst feature of academies and
of organized art bodies generally is
the Jury system upon which they are
all founded this Jury system which is
held to be the guarantee of fair dealing
and equal Justice to all comers In art!
According to this system each picture,
each statue, each art object presented
for exhibition must pass before a regu
larly constituted Jury, whose members
are selected from among the most emi
nent and capable practitioners in the
various arts and design. I have myself
served upon many of these Juries and I
can state from long experience that
they are generally fair and high-minded
In their Judgments, that they en
deavor to make the best possible selec
tions, from among the works submitted
and that this is generally accomplished
with the smallest amount of bias and
favoritism that Is consistent with
average human nature. They are
damned from the beginning, however,
by the very manner of their selection,
for the Juries are Inevitably chosen
from among the older and more aca
demic of the artists those whose rep
utations are already assured and it is
inevitable that these men will Judge
the art of the future by the art of the
past and thus very possibly refuse a
hearing to some obscure and unknown
genius who presents a new truth or the
old truth in some strange, new garb.
The Juries of the past did thus refuse
a, hearing to Deiacroix, to Cotot, to
Millet, to Manet, Sisley, Degas, Whis
tler, Cezanne and many another great
painter who was in advance of his own
generation. The Jury system must be
considered, therefore, to have outlived
its uses and it must go by the board.
Scribners.
PRESIDENT AS WAR LORD
(Continued From Page 8.)
oak, the bookshelves being fitted into
the bulkheads.
Such are the quarters which Presi
dent Wilson, as Admiral of the fleet,
is privileged to inhabit unless he
should prefer to hoist his flag on a
battleship.
Congress, preferring to spend money
on garden seeds and "pork," has re
fused to appropriate the requisite cash
to build the long-planned fortifications
needed to protect the entrance to
Chesapeake Bay. Thus Is left open a
doorway through which, if our fleet
were destroyed, an enemy could pass
without firing a shot. Washington
would then be readily accessible to the
foe, by way of the Potomac River, and
the commander-in-chief of our Army
and Navy might find himself obliged
to fly, if he would escape capture, leav
ing the White House, the Capitol, and
the Washington Monument to be
knocked to pieces by a few high-explosive
German shells.