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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1915)
TITE SUNDAY OREGON! AX. PORTLAND, AUGUST 1, 1915. T T u ncie uam i liaTdcuic Pearl Harbor, on Oahu, Said to Be Best Equipped Naval Base in World. A - " ' ' ' if T" - ; r- i " -t l I" J I . . .. . . - " " ' ' "V : ' v 9 i Ss rScS r&o r? a i BT REM BACHE. 14-INCH rifled fun, to be shipped thla month from San Francisco to Honolulu, will compute the armament of the seacoast fortification which protect our great mld-Paclfic aval baa on the Island of Oahu. Thla may ha said to mark an epoch in th alitor? of the development of our National defenses. For Oahu I. th stretglc key of tb Pacific 80 long a that leland la held secure by our naval and milltarr forcea no enemy In that ocoaa can aerloualy threaten our Tactile Coaat or the Panama CanaL The reason why la roaje obvious by a fiance at the map. If a circle be drawn with Oahu aa ita center. using the distance from that point to San Francisco aa a radius. It will be found that In all the vast expanse of ocean thee Inclosed there la no other piece of - dry land that can possibly be utilised by the enemy as a base for naval op erations. Such being the case, a hostile fleet contemplating an attack upon our Pa cific Coast or the Panama Canal would be at aa almost hopeless disadvantage. It would be menaced la tha rear by our naval forcea. and. by no meana to be forgottten. It would have no available source of fuel supply, whether of coal or oil. within something like J504 miles. No wonder, then, that Uncle Sara within tha last few yeara has spent such a vast amount of money In creat ing and fortifying this naval base on the Island of Oahu. Thirteen million ' of dollars have been expended merely for "Improvements" on the square ml-'e ' of land appropriated for the naval sta- - tlon. I.Cv.v of thla sum being de voted to tha development of a ship repairing plant, which Includes the largest drydock la the world. The for tlfloattona. including fire-control ap paratus, submarine torpedo aystem. - hug searchlights for watching mine fields at night, etc.. have tapped the Oovrament'a pocketbook for air" add!- . tiooal Il.lie.oee. This tS.ls9.Mt Includea Sl.vOO.00 spent for rjfsd guns and mortars. But It does not take Into acccount another tl.to... expended for ammunition. -which Is stored la tnagaslnas ready for use. And. be It understood, this Is merely ammunition for the forts and troops. There Is also an immense sup ply of naval ammunition, for the ator age of which, together with mlnea and submarine torpedoee, a separate mag asine has been constructed, at a cost of I440.t&. Evea so. the defense are not yet ccmplete- True, the aeacoast forti fications are finished; evea the carriage for the last 14-lach gun la already In place. But thla mM-Paciflo Gibraltar . of ours will not be la entirely satisfac tory shape until the formidable system of earthworks bow la process of con struction on the land aide have re ceived their final touch. Thla supple mentary system alone will cost 0. of the landscape. To attaeh the de- age I concentrated In a single posi- Oaha la a small Island. Its total area fensea from the ocean aide would be tlon," being only square miles. Most of It aa almost hopeless task from aa When the plan for fortifying Oahu It fat. From northwest to southaaat enemy's point of view; the only way to was flrsfc under consideration. It was runs a rather preclpltoos mountain get at them would be over land, thought that all reasonable military ridge frem Hot to 100 feet high. Thla Whence the Importance of the land- purposes would be subserved by plac ridge, with batteries of how Users suit- side defensive works. ing there a small garrison to be sup ably placed on Its higher summit. To assail tha landsld works success- plemented - by Immediate reinforce would be difficult for aa enemy to aur- fully would require, of course, a con- msnts forwsrded from Eaa Francisco mount; but a foe, landing troops from slderable army. Such aa army could In case of a threatened emergency. But transports, might approach th naval not be landed oa the island until our sine then Japan has risen to formidable station from other directions whence fleet la the Paclflo were destroyed. But. and even threatening position as a aea the obvious neceasstty of fortifications for th sake of argument, suppose that power. We are obliged to contemplate the land aid. task to be accomplished by the foe. Ha possibilities, and to provide against Th naval station Is at Pearl Harbor, would still hav a big Job ahead of them. Bine mile west of Honolulu. To cover him; for we are now maintaining oa It aeema almoat aa if nature had de- iff- : III 1 ) 7 . ssa 0 w Wcr v2 flllllllll wxtaawssw -- : s I .Jtv W J" jL - 1 ' . . ' -.. - aasgass - -. - I" , . r W o" ZV7Cr t'. - " 1. j- rae 7 rto7j: I ibra. a P S5 Jg-vW- t v of aerial Intelligence. It can talk with at Arlington, across the Potomac from Panama, over a distance of nearly 4700 Washington, which hands all Import miles. It can talk with Manila, 4800 ant messagea directly to the President, miles, or even with the wireless station in the White House. every year, and camp life pleases them. And they do not -suffer in their em ployment, because we have a law pro- come to place in their Zanzibar agent, viding penalties for any employer who They did not pause to question, but discharges a man because of his ab bought cloves in New York, London sence on military duty, and Paris all the cloves on the mar- "We ought to have started military ket They had hardly completed the training of the cltisens long ago. We operation when news came of the ter- do not believe in Australia that the rlble hurricane and the destruction of time has come when armed forces is the Zanzibar clove groves. . At once unnecessary, and we believe that It is the price of cloves went up and up. better to begin preparation for Na- of his firm again rank high In that Then the New York firm put as brief tional defense a long time befor th part of the world. But as years went m""se on the cab,e to thelr Zanzi- nation needs defending-, by the natural longing to be called bar aent: Com home." You can "The position of the United States ia home grew within him. His success. ,me-Sina wln what Jv h received it. ridiculous You want to fill a large vai-v thins 4h ri was no longer a young man wnen -"-o mo vonu, oul woe" you t-cii HE CABLED "BUY CLOVES" . REPLY IS "COME HOME" EVERAL years ago a young man walked Into the office of the part of the world. But as years went largest ivory and spice Importing house in the United States. He was nine Slim wvl w . " m k ma iiuwfc mm it nature naa oa- ljiAlrl..fA...l..i..i.l. T u wab lii o ci j lulus Lijat . "h. d.starc between th... two point, th. Island of Oahu. and will continue ..gnsd Pearl Harbor for th purpose. V . IndueCOUr"e seemed to defeat that object HI. firm, h re-entered the office to grasp the the nation. . what you want done they th srst.m of rthwork aformn- to maintain there, a formidable body of a naval station. In IU war. it Is w" dmltted to the P"nce of the expressing their complete confidence B!n,or Partners hand and to accept the will do It If they care to. and if they tlead la being constructed ia th form of wll-qulpped troops. th most remarkable harbor In the nor Partner. Now the senior partner In him, said not a word about hi. re- position or general manager or tneir noi care 10 iney win pay no at - w, Ha.oinla east. Thi. .i.niin 1. n.h,. wnrM-. .1,.., n, had a curious wav of teatlnz a vouna- turn on leave or permanently. And he. whole Oriental trade. Today he Is a tention to what you say, so long as you ward run tb mountain wall. Wrml- consist of no fewer then 15.000 men. It landlocked, with an area of 11 square men whose general appearance was appreciating that confidence at its full member of the firm. Youth's Com ..iinr alz miles east of th city, la a comprise. IS companies of coast ar- mile, (large enough for all tha navlea ni-nmi.in.- ui. n . - rr. worth, never hinted at either. panion. beadlaad that Jut out Into th sea. tellery. six regiments of Infantry, on of th world to rid on It. surface), thing entirely unexpected a chance to Caln6 opportunity and his known a. Diamond Head. Thl head- regiment of light field artillery, on and having a depth over nearly all of v. , i . i v reward. For three days Zanzibar was land is an extinct volcano and within battalion of engineers, on signal corp. thl. water-space of aomething like 60 po.uion mat in ap- ,wept by a terrible hurricane. Much of th rim of th crater a battery of field company, on telegraph company, feet. pllcant never anticipated. Hi. deci.- the city was destroyed, wreckage was laar high-power lS-lnch mortars ha. on aeronautic detachment (with bal- Add to these considerations. If you ,on was determined by the manner In piled up on the harbor beach, and near- been placed. loon for observation and aeroplanea please, the fact that the only entrance wnlch the applicant responded wheth- ly every tree on the Island waa torn ... n AUSTRALJA. we have already Thl. latter point I. la IUlf very In- for scouting) and two field ambulanc to It 1. through a .ort f bottle-neck r or not he hows alertness to grasp up by the roots. Th last fact was the seen the advantage of our ays tersstlng. Inasmuch as tb atiMxatton companies. three mile, long and so narrow that the opportunity. In this Instance the all-Important one when the American Um of compulsory military service." of a volcanic crater as an emplacement Furthermore, be it realised, thla littles ther I. not much more than room for a"'01" partner offered the young man agent crawled out from hi. shelter. fl John christian Watson ex tor guns 1. a wholly novel Idea in war- army Is kept oa a war footing all th a ship to pasa through. Unci Sam th- Position of supercargo on a ship The clove groves had been obliterated, p.,-,,. Auntrlia. "When the tmX- TB morian nr wiiu win- uu ' icimiciin mi m ujaiQiiuta uaa ureugea mis oottie-neck to a depth Bvuu iniiuuin .yj auu lor uireo years uin wouia not war broke out in Europe, Ing TO pounas apiec ana njim mi inn war iuhkio sac a ox ma six 01 a ieei, so mat It la navigable for aamirat whuid h noun, do inomcrun ciove crop in me woria jn much better condition Compulsory Military Service in Australia charges of high explosive. They have infantry regiment having J 0H men any battleship. Also, he has cut a The young man hardly knew where market Clearly his duty was to get fer men to are unable to enforce your demands. We want to be prepared in Australia to resist invasion. If argument would do it we have the men there who could outargue any enemy that might appear. But we are afraid that the armies that might want to get a footing on our soil might not underatatnd our language, and we have the reluctance of the British to learn the language of any other nation. "Compulsory military service was opposed, of . course, by the extreme we were Socialists, by the pacifists and by thos-s to of- Who, for religious reasons, do not ba the home government ileve in war. We met the objections medical batant Vv.ra man vhn left Aiiatrnlfa nr.. fullv v...nAl.a. .l.a - - mi . i accepted the position. So the young become public and of little advantage equIp'ped and ready for tne fleId. t 7 o w, iZ -Philadelphia Ledger. hit a target (with the aid of rang- would give us no polite warning. She cesslble, cost him $1,500,000. finder) tb lse of a battleship's dck. would strike for th Hawaiian Islands Ships lying In this wonderful harbor man went to Madagascar and sold the to the firm. Amid a still howling gale uke, time to provide the euipment and Hiddea aa they ar behind th rim of at one. ' ar out of sight from the sea. The cotton goods to such advantage that he crept down to the harbor front . ... ,Vin, rifiA. ft tb era ter. they ar themselves pretty Suppose her la possession of Oahu. naval station is conveniently located w appointed by cable the firm's There he saw that a single tramp we gBouid iike to- but we are making REBUKE IX A CAR safe from attack. Where should we be thenT Our sltua- on Its shores, occuplng, as already agent In Zanzibar. It was a place of steamer had kept afloat The idea tnera our system you know provides -You will have to nav for that ntti Now th seacoast fortification, here tloa from a strategic standpoint would .tated. an area of about one square rreat responsibility. On hi. Judgment flashed into his mind to charter her tor taking the boyi from 12 to 18 yeara hov " said the conductor on a MirhZ. described cover a distance of 15 be deplorable. Using the Island as a mile. It Is probably the most com- depended the organization of caravans to carry his message to Aden, where and training them in cadet corps in Central train the other day miles. At th eastward end they ter-. bas from which to conduct her naval pletely equipped plant of the kind In tnto Central Africa to search for Ivory, telegraph connection could be made tne U8e ot a 8maii rifie They learn -i b-,, , not" aM th 1 a fi mtnat at th volcanic crater, at th operations, she would have us at a th world. The ahlp-repairing outfit Is the maintenance of friendly relations with New York. By his handkerchief how to Bhoot and something of the "Have vou never had to Tbuv s ticks foot of which Is a group of "emplaea- frightful disadvantage. She could a marvel; the coaling plant Is on a with Arab chiefs, including the famous tied to a atick he attracted the .team- discipline of a soldier From the age fo him'" mts.- containing 14-Inch rifles, threaten our Pacific Coast and the huge acale; ther are six enormous Tlppoo Tib. and the purchase of the er's notice. Then by th marine signal of lg to 25 they are trained with the L. ,' h.v n, nd T ,, known a Fort Ruger. Other such Panama CanaL tanks for oil fuel our latest battle- annual Zanzibar clove supply for code he contracted with the captain to regular a-my rifle and have to spend Qw ' Begin group of emplacement, each with Ita But with Oahu In our possession w ships burn oil Instead of coal built to America. Zanzibar was then virtually run for Aden with a message to his a certain number of days each year In " -yn m h formidable armament, ar distributed are safe. A. that eminent naval au- contain a total of nearly 10.000,000 ' the only clove-producing spot on the firm of just two words: "Buy cloves." camp in charge of training officers, time," at Interval, along .hore. th group thorlty. the late Captain Ma ban. one gallon.. glob. ' It was one of the costliest messages We have a college for the education of "No, I will not pay his fare. That I. farthest to the west being Fort Kam- .aid: To hav a central position such To make the affair , complete, th Th young man found the business ever dispatched, for it wa. the only officers to command the men In train- settled, Mr. Conductor." karaeha. guarding th entrance to Pearl a thla. and to b alon. having no rival naval station at Pearl Harbor haa a of the firm disorganised because capa- cargo of a steamer chartered to make ng. They will constitute a permanent "lt vou don't pay his fare I cannot let Harbor. and admitting bo rival, ar condition, wl rales, plant that coat IJ50.000. Thla, bl mn could not b Induced to stay full speed over a course of 2000 miles, paid body -of instructors and command- him occ"Pv a "eat- ,1 stop the Th fort ar not visible from th that fix at one tha attention of the In fact. Is the most important of the In the deadly climate of Zanzibar. By Some days later the firm In New ers " traisrt an put nlm ott " . because all of them ar under- trategl.t It I rarely that so Im- seven great high-power wireless out- careful living he preserved his health. York received the message. To them "is the system popular" von lto H' It'l'mti k'' 't ground. Th great guna occupy con- portaat a factor In the outlook for de- fits which the Government is erecting and, thanks to his hard work, he was its extreme brevity was sufficient In The young men are delighted with never saw him before.Young's'Ma'gai erete-llned pits sunk beneath th level fens ot a coast line of a sea front- to cover half the earth with a blanket eventually gratified to see the name th light of the confidence they had it . They get a week or two In camp zine.
