THE SUNDAY OKEGOXIAX, PORTLAND,
MARCH 21, 1915.
SNAPSHOTS CATCH HIGH LIGHTS IN WORLD'S NEWS EVENTS
Scout Biplane One of Types Used by Britain Alien Labor Law Retards Subway Construction Largest Motorship Is Wreck.
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NEW YORK. Mar. 20. (Special.)
One of the many types of aero
planes used by the British army Is
a scout biplane. It was designed by
Torn Sopwith, the well-known aviator,
and is manufactured by him. It car
ries a. Gnome motor of 50-80 horse
power and can make 65 miles an houc
m m v
The construction of the great new
subway system in Xew York is being
held up by the alien labor law. Thia
law prohibits the employment of aliens
on public work In New York State. The
law had been treated as a dead letter,
until & few months ago attention was
called by labor men to the fact that it
was being; violated. It was tested in
the courts, and recently was held to be
constitutional. Contractors promptly
discharged the large number of aliens
working underground on the subways
and advertised for Arareican citizens.
The pay is $10 a week and the work
eight hours a day. Many applicants
appeared at the offices of all the con
tractors, but there is little hope that
enough men can be hired to complete
the work, and Governor Whitman and
the Legislature have been asked to
repeal the law so that -the subway
work can go forward.
.
The Danish motorship Malakka, en
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route from the Pacific Coast to Copen
hagen on her maiden voyage in the
service of the East Asiatic Company,
grounded on Red Rock, Cedros Island.
Lower California, in a violent gale and
subsequently broke in two. Her valu
able cargo, consisting of wines, flour
and general freight, is believed to be
a total loss. The Malakka was the
largest motorship in the world and
was built in Copenhagen a year ago.
Her Diesel engines alone cost J850.000
and were the product f the famous
Diesel works in Germany. The vessel
was 410 feet long, with a beam of 55
feet and had a gross register of 5150
tons. A picture of the wreck, Bhowing
the Malakka broken apart and her val
uable cargo exposed to the eea, was
.taken.
A picture was fhade recently of the
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opening of the session of the Japanese
Parliament by Count Okuma. The ses-
sion proved to be the stormjest that message of felicitation from K'"8
has yet been held by the Japanese Par
liament. The pro and anti-war par
ties were almost equally divided, and
when the question of-the extension of
the war arose, the anti-militaristic
element refused to vote the war credits
and greatly embarrassed the govern
ment Popular Bentiment in Japan is
said to be not in favor of Japan's par
ticipation in the war, and the dem
onstration In Parliament was the re
sult. A large crowd gathered at the ded
ication of the beautiful Canadian pa
vilion gat the Panama-Pacific Interna
tlonal " Exposition to listen to the
George of England, conveyed to the
American people through Martin cur
rell, Minister of Agriculture for the
Dominion of Canada.
"His Majesty." said Mr. Burrell, "re
joices to think his Dominion of Canada
Is taking part in this exhibition, thus
testifying to the appreciation of the
British Empire and the linking of the
Atlantic with the Pacific and at the
happy results which may be expected
from the meeting of the waters of the
two oceans.'
Another sentiment was:
"May it be a good presage for the
peace and happiness of the world."
The Canadian pavilion is the largest
of the National buildings at the Pan-
ania-Pacifio International Exposition
and is dally crowded with thousands,
who express admiration of the remark
able exhibit which Canada has made.
The building was erected at a cost of
$400,000. It is 4SOx2!5 feet, mixed
classic in design and handsomely em
bellished. A view of the Canadian pavilion
hows In the background, from left to
right, the Iowa. Washington L'tali,
Ohio and Illinois buildings. The City
of New York building, at the extreme
right, and the Virginia building, which.
Is an exact copy of Mount Vernon,
George Washington's braullful home
on the Potomac River, is in the center,
between the Ohio and Illinois build
Ing . '
SELF-TAUGHT NATURE EXPERT OF 17
ASTONISHES UNIVERSITY FACULTY
Opal Whitely, Daughter of Woodsman, Knows Geology, Biology, Physical Geography and Botany; Has Fine
Collections of Specimens and Ideas for Instruction of Youth Are Declared to Be Ultra-Modern.
El'GENE. Or.. March 20. (Special.)
Tutored by nature, a tiny 17-year-oid
mountaineer girl, her hair
down her back, has opened the eyes
of the Eugene teaching- profession and
left it gasping for breath. Educated
by herself in the forests of the Cas
cade Mountains, she has made a col
lege education appear insignificant, ad
mit the university professors. In
three days she became the talk of the
faculties of three educational institu
tions. Entrance rules have been cast
aside; scholarships are proposed: a
home was found for her in Eugene
everything has been done to keep her
here.
"This experience happens to a uni
versity but once in a generation." de
clared Warren D. Smith, head of the
university geology department. "She
knows more about geology than do
many students that have graduated
from my department. She may become
one of the greatest minds Oregon has
ever produced. She will be an invest
ment for the university."
"She is a travesty on our education
al system." exclaimed A. R. Sweetser,
head of the botany department. "Is
all our system wasted? Is it hlnder-j
Ing normal development?"
Jnaler Department Developed.
The girl is Opal Whitely. Her home
Is In the lumber camps on Rowe River,
east of Cottage Grove. Four years ago
this girl attended a Christian Endeavor
meeting in Cottage Grove. She be-i
came interested in children from six
years to her own age, developed a
Junior department of 43 members. She
went back to the lumber camps at Star
and organized Endeavor meetings
among the children of the lumber
jacks. She organized a society at
Dorena.
This leads to the fact that she came
to Eugene a few days ago as delegate
to the state convention of Christian
Endeavor societies. After being elect
ed to the head of the junior work in
the entire state and made chairman of
the committee on resolutions, she was
invited for a week's visit by an aunt
in Eugene. -
The next thing anyone knew she was
attending classes at the University of
Oreeon. the Eugene Bible University
-and the Eugene High School. There
were not enough classes In geology,
biology, physical geography and botany
in Eugene to suit her. Between classes
this 17-year-old girl rummaged through
the college museums where mature
post-graduates have to force them
selves to take time.
Knovrleds-e Hunger Noted.
"I never saw anyone so hungry for
knowledge," said Dr. Smith. "She just
eats it up like a person starved. She
couldn't get enough. She says she
wants to take all the courses we have
and she's doing 'the same thing in
biology. She ha enough energy and
enthusiasm to be a whole class. She
can learn anything. I let her look
through a microscope at a thin section
of rock and she became highly ex
cited. It was new to her. A scholar
ship for that girl would be the biggest
investment this college could make. If
she wants to go to college here next
Kail, we'll see that she can do it and
rhere are r.o entrance rules that can
keep her out of the university."
The girl is supremely happy in na
ture and her life ambition is to teach
other children to enjoy nature as she
does. In the mountains she has gath
ered about her the children of the lum
bermen and taught them In the fields.
She has spent hours a day with her
own class of 15 children, ranging from
5 to 11 years. Her great aim is to
educate herself to write text-books de
signed for children. There are scarce
ly any at present, she finds.
Ideas Declared Ultra Modern.
Children are eager to. know about
nature, she says, and ask question after
question. Her ideas of teaching na
ture, say the educational authorities in
Eugene, are of the most modern line
of thought and she has worked them
out herself far back in the mountains.
"The children prefer ttfe truth," she
says. "They'd rather hear nature
stories than fairy stories. I've given
them their choice and the story of
Cinderella or the stories of the Arabian
Nights are not so attractive as the
story of the life of a monarch or a
swallow-tail butterfly. They like to
watch the development from the eggs.
They like to see how the worm spins
its cocoon. They are eager to know
the difference between the chrysalis
and 'the cocoon. I explain how the
butterfly unfolds Itself and they are
eager to know more. I tell about the
feeding tube, how they unfold a little
coil, like a vine string, that runs down
into the flower and draws up the honey.
"I show them humming birds' nests
in the Spring, with the two little white
eggs, like beans, and then the mother
with the two little birds not as big as
bugs. They ask questions and these
have helped me to study."
The girl apparently is without self
consciousness. "My purpose In studying nature," she
says, "is to help others to learn of
God's out-of-doors, to learn the lessons
written in the fields and forests and to
find the inspiration I've found. It
keeps me busy, but it's worth while. It
makes me happy in accomplishing what
I'm ajter.
"I've always loved the out-of-doors
and I've liked to wander In the fields.
I've felt nearer God I've never had
any fear. I first go into the forests
and fields and then come back and look
up what I've seen. I keep notes and
have records of everything.
Miss Whitely learns by concentration.
She wanted to train herself to remem
ber the names of the hundreds of speci
mens, so she began to learn three poems
a week as mental culture. Now she
says she can learn a poem in a few
minutes, and can remember the name
of a geological specimen or a flower
after she has heard it once. She says
she prefers nature poems, especially
those of Wordsworth and Longfellow,
for every time she sees the subjects of
the poems in the fields, it brings back
the words to her mind.
Small Doe la Protector.
She has two constant companions in
her outdoor life. One is a 9-year-old
sister named Cloe, and the other Is a
tiny white dog named Dandy. He'd ex
ceedingly observant, she says, and she
knows he will bark if danger is near.
She attributes much of her interest in
nature to an uncle, Henry Pearson, a,
pioneer miner, known all along the Pa
cific Coast, who died last year.
"He used to tell me of nature, and
now, though he's dead, his thoughts
can live on, because I'm learning those
things he wanted me to know," she
says.
Perhaps the most remarkable fea
ture of her life is the amount she has
accomplished in three years, during
which time she has built up collections
with thousands of specimens of actual
material value from a scientific stand
point. After she had gone through the
grades she entered the high school. In
1912 her nature study career started
with a course in botany. She then lived
on a farm 13 miles from Cottage Grove,
and when she was unable to continue
school during the Winter of 1912 and
1913 she studied botany in the fields di
rect from nature. She took an inter-:
est in physical geography, and this.
led to a study of trees. In the Spring
of 1913 she took up the study of in
sects, and in the Summer of 1913 she
began her- collection of moths, butter
flies and beetles.
Smithsonian Institute Assists.
"The Smithsonian Institute sent me
some bulletins on insect life," she ex
plains. "Then I began my physical
geography collection. The children In
the neighborhood brought me many
specimens and they asked many ques
tions. It was then I felt the need of
books on the natural sciences printed
for children. This brought me to a new
field of work, and I resolved that 1
would be a nature teacher and write
these books.
"In the Fall of 1913 we moved to
Dorena. I took with me two large cases
of insects, one box of geology speci
mens, my botany specimens and 1300
live caterpillars, mostly of the Isia Isa
bella moth. I watched these grow
through the Winter. I caught them
in the early mornings along the creeks
they feed at this time in the ferns
and rushes. I got so many I could
watch several kinds and see every stage
In their development. I had to feed
them six times a day, but it was worth
it, for I saw the complete transforma
tion. "Then I began my collection of
minerals and I have gathered over
8000 specimens of minerals, fossils and
sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous
rocks. In the Winter of 1913-14 I be
gan collecting bird nests.
"W. C. Hawley sent me 22 Govern
ment books and bulletins on geology
and I read these. In February the
State Library loaned me a large num
ber of books.
One Collection Destroyed.
"In the'Spring of 1914 I built my:
nature room. I put up the shelves and
cabinets myself. One night in May
mice got into my -nature room and de
stroyed nearly all my Insects, but I
made a new collection. In July we
went to the logging camps above Do
rena, where father was employed, and
during the Summer I started a collec
tion of Indian relics. I have 53 arrow
heads and several Indian bowls, one of
which was in an unfinished state.
"That Winter mother was not well
and much of my time was needed at
home, but I took up the study of
conchology and I emphasized the study
of zoology, especially bird lire. i
counted 74 different varieties of birds
near our house and X listed them all.
"In December I took up the study of
astronomy.
"After coming to the convention In
Eugene this month I visited the collec
tions at the University and tho pro
fessors have allowed me to study these
collections and ask all the questions
I want."
Miss Whitely has decided to go to
work in Eugene at once to earn money
to enter the high school here next Fall.
She will take correspondence courses
offered by the university in science this
Spring and Summer, and with one year
of high school work in geometry,
physics, Latin and literature she will
enter the University of Oregon in 1916.
Spoils, of Turkey Is Talk.
LONDON, March 18. The possibility
of America, as the most powerful neu-
I tral tolerant slate, being placed In some
I position of supervision of the Holy
Land, has been considered in rcspoiuil
ble quarters, where even now a study '
Is being given to a division of Turkey
in the event of a victory for the allies.
With regard to other sections of the
Ottoman Empire, the division of spoil
does not present great difficulties. Con
stantinople and the Dardanelles would
doubtless be neutralised despite Rus
sia's desire actually to possess Con
stantinople. Russia will find her place on the
northern shores of Asia Minor. Orrece
will extend her Influence on the fl
coast. Italy In the south, the Krltivh
in the interior, in Mesopotamia and
Arabia, and France also on the west
coast.
But there is no nation of (he pres.
ent belligerents which could under
take the government of the holy places
of Jerusalem without arousing antaRon
Ism and religious conflict, poi.nl bly
even open warfare, as one creed is
jealous of all the others.
REGULATE A CHILD'S BOWELS VHEN
CROSS, BILIOUS OR FULL OF COLD
Any child will gladly take "Cas
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sweetens the stomach and breaks up
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Full directions for children and
grown-ups in each package.
Mothers can rest easy after giving
this gantle, harmless laxative to children.
io i price io cent;
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