ttt-R KTTVDAY OBFfiOVTAV. pfvn TT,. A XT), FEBRUARY
1915.
it . , . I .
:
PASTOR
Rev. W.
The frrmon on "Friendliness.
Honor and Faith." by Kcv. W G.
KMot. Jr.. pastor of the Urst
Unitarian Church. Is the third
in a series by -prominent I ort
land clergymen. Other contri
butions and the dates o publi
cation follow:
February 28. Dr. V. B. Hln
son. pastor First Baptist Church
t White Temple).
March 7. Dr. Frank U Ice
land, pastor FirsJ. Methodist
Kpiscopal Church.
March H. Kev. E. V. O-Hara,
assistant pastor Cathedral of
Immaculate Conception.
March 21. Rev. H. M- Ramsey,
dean St. Stephen s FTo-Cathdral.
March 28. rr. Jonah B. W tse.
Rabbi Temple Beth Israel.
BY REV. W. i. El.IOT, JR..
pistor First Unitarian Church.
THE great war has stabbed the
woof, world awake to the fact
that friendliness, honor and faith
are factors of .uprem-Importance. This
Is true in all the affairs of life, but
especially true In four -Prtn
human Interest whore our problems are
most crucial. ' fH.
First In the industrial world. Mod
ern industrv was developed under cir
cumstances" of injustice, toward I wage
earners that tend to perpetuate a srow
inu hostility and distrust. The f
that there is much friendliness and fair
deVllnS - between individual ""p'oyers
2ni aRe earners should not blind us
to the evils that still exist, and espe
cially to the evils incident to absentee
ownership and irresponsible sharchold-
'"Nor should the generosity of an em
ployer like Mr. Ford 'blind us to the
Fact that relations between employer
and wage-earner can never stand upon
a perWnently satisfactory basis until
wage-earners have an effective voice as
To tne terms and conditions of their
8eiCrlcent years there has been an
increase of friendliness and honor
among wage-earners and an Increase
of friendliness and honor among em
ployers. But the situation remains Im
possible until there is an equal Increase
of friendliness between employers and
wage-earners.
Union Placed mm 1 Xlmr.
Under present conditions friendliness
and honor beween employers and wage
earners can mean nothing less than the
right and duty of wage-earners to or
ganize effectively, frank and full ad
mission c.f the principle of collective
bargaining and the duty and privilege
of employers to recognize the union.
But neither friendliness nor honor re
quires the employer to recognize the
union if the terms demanded are tyran
nous in practice or wrong in principle.
It cannot but appear to many disin
terested observers that the demand of
the unions that recognition shall mean
'the closed shop" is both wrong
practice and in principle, and can be
Justified only as a war measure, that is
to say. upon a basis of hostility rather
than upon a basis of friendliness.
Nor does "the open shop" come much
nearer to a solution. It appears to be
more nearly correct In principle than
the closed shop, but in practice It evades j
the nai issue. jiuicmci,
PRETTY
L -
lH fPjA II
! II ? J a M j i
f - -4 ' 1
A design for a handkerchief case or 'the simplest method is to lay the ma- P UTjlSL - nklC-U Al F OF CrLOVE'CASE J vx"" L J t
! a glove case. The color is a matter of terial over the design and with a - ('V-)r - " J
! 4 tk honrikorehief sharply-pointed pencil draw over each Jl Wr I9 1 " " "
4 personal Judgment. The handkerchief i fi material ls heavy, se- V VS X J2V . ( JL s.
case should be stamped on a double fold cure a plece of transfer or impression life S ; &' 3W ( Ts
, of cloth, the glove case on a triple fold. paper. Ijiy it face down upon this. Jp . II .j VI -si 1 CiS
Tho design is to be worked in but- then draw over each line of the paper 11 XJ Jy lf 4?) (lA I f atl s
? tonhole. satin, eyelet, and outline design with a hard pencil or the point 11 Jrm' Tt(W"7777777T7i ?Sy Vfcj. f- G3B IB J
I stitches. of a steel knitting needle. Upon lift- a V HS Q-M 7 ""TOT . ' 3r VZjg f3 .
There are two ways to apply the de- ing the pattern and transfer paper you j" mi fwi iTnisiii x fl ' vj I l"
sign to the material upon which it is to , will find a neat and accurate outline ii ,o e ii ' ' t
be worked. It your material is sheer, ' of the design upon your material. lyv I V
-r :A BUTTON-HOLE, SATIN, EYELET ANb
J OUTLINE STITCHES
SEES FRIENDLINESS, HONOR AND FAITH STIR
G. EliotExplains Factors of
unlon workman In the open shop has
an advantage with his employer, and.
all things being equal, is preferred to
a union man. At the same time the non
unton man in the open shop shares tuo
advantages which the union man has
helped to create, but does not share the
latter's sacrifices.
Deadlock Seems Apparent.
That effective unionism ought to be
recognized and that the unions, ac
cording to their present belief and
practices, cannot always be recognized,
evidently creates a deadlock. Those
who do not incline favorably towards
either extreme, whether of Syndical
ism on one hand or Socialism on the
other, and who are forced to realize
that as between the other remaining
alternatives there can be nothing but
Increasing trouble, should consider a
remaining alternative which would ap
pear to conserve the principles involved
in the open shop and yet to acknowl
edge the Just necessity of effective
unionism and full recognition, namely:
What is known as "the preferential
union shop." In this case the employer
frankly recognizes and welcomes the
union man and his union and prefers
him to the non-union man, reservig
the right to employ nonunion men when
union men are not to be had or prove
to be less efficient; these last two
questions being left to impartial arbi
tration in the event of dispute.
The working of the last-mentioned
plan undoubtedly depends for its suc
cess upon a larger practice of friendli
ness and honor on both sides. But it
has this additional advantage over any
other plan proposed in that when there
is dispute the battle is fought in a
fairer field. Nor have I any illusions
that this will solve all the problems;
nor that it is necessarily applicable in
every case. Complications incident to
competitive markets often make the
problem in individual instances ex
tremely complicated and difficult.
Closed Shop Considered "Wrong.
What is here claimed is that in gen
eral the closed shop is wrong in prin
ciple and practice and that the open
shop is unsatisfactory and evasive of
real Issues, and that both are therefore
impossible as bases for a permanent
settlement of the questions involved.
The only settlement that will be any
thing like permanent under present
conditions must be upon a basis that
Is both friendly and honorable. The
goal to be aimed at is the establish
ment of methods by which ware
earner may have of right a, reasonable
and effective voice in those phases of
industry that effect the terms and con
ditions of their service.
The effective weapon of the employer
and wage-earner alike will not perma
nently be force and strategy, but an
Intelligent, conscientious and effective
public opinion. I do not now know of
any device or practice so likely to re
ceive the indorsement of the public as
that referred to, viz.; The. preferential
union shop for the reasons named.
I say these things in no partisan
spirit, but in all friendliness and com
mend them to my friends in both camps
for their thoughtful consideration and
kindly criticism.
Secondly In the relation of nation
to nation. International friendliness
and honor do not mean non-resistance or
peace at any price. There is one hell
lower than war. and that is a shameless
peace. There is such a thing as' a na
tion's life and honor: but the funda
mental fact is that war exists in posse
DESIGN SUITABLE FOR HANDKERCHIEF OR GLOVE CASE
Industrial Life, Relations
before it exists in esse in any nation
where children and youth are reared
to believe and feel that hatred or dis
trust or contempt of another country
is the principal ingredient of patriot
ism, or taught that war in itself is
the natural and best way to settle any
thing, or that might makes right, or
that the principles of international
ethics are essentially different from
the fundamental principles of personal
ethics as between man and man.
Kvlls Traced to Child Life.
Whether it is the boy throwing
stones at a Chinaman, or Hobson pre
dicting war with Japan, or a politi
cian, making the eagle scream, it is all
wrong. Our own children are brought
up with too. little genuine friendliness
for other peoples and too little confi
dence in the capacity of other nations
for honorable dealing. .If anyone thinks
that the United States is the only hon
orable Nation on earth, let him read
the story of our treatment of Indian
tribes for the past three centuries and
he will receive a severe and much
needed discipline in humiliation. Upon
no other basis is war permanently pre
ventable than upon the basis of inter
national friendliness and honor; and
the world cannot be successfully con-
of Men and Women, Dealings
stitutionalized upon any other terms.
Third: As between men and women.
Men and women are different physi
cally, intellectually, temperamentally.
There are doubtless likenesses, but
men are men and women are women
by virtue of the differences and In
spite of the likenesses. These differ
ences are real and deeply rooted and
can be modified only superficially and
temporarily, by environment, custom or
education; they cannot be permanently
and radically altered.. Men. are inferior
to women In some things and superior
to them in other things, and vice versa.
And no attempted solution of the sex
war is permanent that ignores facts.
But facing the facts is only one step.
Dishonorable Solution Doomed. .
In any real solution of present prob
lems, friendliness and honor are indis
pensable and all attempted solutions
that move on lines. unfriendly or dis
honorable are doomed. This principle
must hold true even when the present
day confusion of issues or blindness of
vision makes it difficult for the Judi
cious always to perceive clearly Just
what is right. But there are some
things which seem to be growing
clearer and clearer, viz: that supposed
friendliness of men towards women
of Nations and Finally in
that makes a woman a toy or even puts
omrarieshln before common duty in
marriage Is dishonorable: nor is It the
truest friendliness to substitute any
false or over-individualistic independ
ence for manly and womanly Interde
pendence In the domestic and social or
der. Moreover, there Is no real friend
liness or honor In the pretenses where
by a woman may succeed In wheedling
out of a man what she wants, or In the
weak indulgence on the part of the
man that grants her anything if she
will fling a sufficient, tanttum. And
this, too. Is growing clearer to the
minds and consciousness of all. that
men's dishonor to women, in the de
gree that it exists everywhere, is and
has been the supreme tragedy of the
ages and will never cease so long as1
boys' minds continue to be sub-Irrigated
with vlleness and rendered almost
helpless against commercialized vice
through the ignorance and fear and
neglect of parents; and so long as bo
many men claim a right with other
men's sisters and daughters that these
very men would be all too quick to
protest at the pistol point when it is
their own sisters or daughters that
are concerned.
In all attempts to find a way out of
a situation which at present is compli
cated and perilous, we shall probably
move along with a mixture of success
and blunder with misunderstanding
and some things to repent of at leisure.
Of this we may be sure: what Is con
ceived in hostility and rancor and co
ercion can never permanently hold its
own with what is conceived in mutual
friendliness and honor.
Churche Come In for Share.
Fourthly: Among the churches.
Evcrv attempt should be made to bring
about greater friendliness among the
churches. But never at the expense oi
honor. Friendliness without honor
will lead to the minimizing of real and
vital differences and in a hasty pud
ding of concessions. Friendly merg
Ings and federations, so far as they
are consistent with honor und genu
inely honest co-operation among
churches, are steps in the right direc
tion. But more desirable than any such
measures are movements of inward
growth and of a more internal friend
liness and honor among all the
churches. There can be no permanent
approximation to church unity upon
any other basis than an honorable loy
alty to what one's own branch of the
church has genuinely contributed by
its origin and history to the life of the
world and a thoroughly friendly appre
ciation of. what other churches have
contributed and of those things in
which they may be superior whether
in what they have conserved or in
what they are thinking and doing.
Constructive Course Is Defined.
The real constructive course for all
Is not to see good in all the churches
and to make that an excuse for being
loyal to none, but first to be honest at
any cost and then to be loyal to one's
own church at almost any cost short of
honor and one's deeper happiness. It
behooves any man to realize that his
own department of the church at large
almost invariably carries the defects
incident to its reactionary origin and
its development in a hostile environ
ment, or the defects that are inevitable
under coercive systems: and he may
well believe that the final test of cath
olicity or universality in his own or
any other church is not to be found In
its numbers nor in its length of years
but In its capacity to meet effectively
Association With Church and
and honestly the final necessity of the
human soul the human soul conceneu
of as essentially a social being, men
aced In its congenital entanglements
with the forces of ignorance, death and
sin. but deathless In Its possibilities of
redemption, education, sacred affections
and moral victory.
I have said that the whole world has
awakened as perhaps never before to
the importance of friendliness, honor
and faith in all the affairs of ltfo.
I have illustrated and applied this
to four departments of human concern.
If I have said little about faith was
It not nevertheless always implied?
Materialism is profoundly inconsistent
with all the higher implications of
friendliness and honor. Friendliness
and honor demand sacrifices that
cannot be vindicated In terms of space
and time. Unfriendliness and dishonor
contribute to a real hell here and here
after. Friendliness and honor here and
hereafter contrlbuts to heaven.
Goal ot Dead Und Is View.
The goal of friendliness and honor is
not a dead one. The meaning of life
necessitates some intimation of what
are otherwise sealed orders. The true
interpretation of life Is not to be found
In Its natural source but in its heaven
ly destiny. Every department of hu-
STUDENT INVENTOR IS
FUGITIVE FROM RUSSIA
Isaac Schneider Spends Spare Hours at University of Washington in
Perfecting Instrument to Measure Height of Trees.
UNIVERSITY of Washington, Seat
tle, Feb. 20. tSpecLal.) A revo
lutionist and a fugitive from his
native land. Isaac Schneider, senior
forestry student at the University of
Washington. Is spending his spare
hours in the laboratory producing a
noteworthy Invention. Seven years ago
he fled from Russia to avoid slavery In
the Siberian wilderness. Next June he
will be graduated from Washington.
Schneider's interests in his studies
are toward improvement in instru
ments relating to forestry. He Is per
fecting a new instrument for getting
vertical or horizontal distance and for
measuring the height of trees. Pcan
Winklewerder, of the School of For
estry, has pronounced it good, and the
members of the engineering depart
ment are enthusiastic over its possi
bilities. In Warsaw, Russian Poland. Schneid
er, although lie had Leon educated In
private schools and was living In ease
and comfort, decided to devote his life
to help educate the poor and ignorant,
that they might some day help In the
uprising against oppression and free
their country from the tyranny of
castes.
He had certain books and pamphlets
in possession when secret agents of
the government discovered them. His
home was surrounded and the doors
battered In, but Schneider escaped. He
fled from the city. Passports were
forged and watchmen were paid to he
blind. He reached the border and fled
to Germany from whence ho made his
way; to New orK.
Schneider got a Job
in New York,
although he could
neither read nor
WORLD
Religion.
man Interest. nottlly the one we con
sidered above. Is coming more und
more to sense this truth. A general
faring of the realities of life and death,
a profound penitence, widespread sol -row
and fellow feeling, the, flaring
transltorlness of earthly thins,, pathos
and tragedy on a ronipelllna and um
vlnrlng -calo, heroin and willing
rlflces all have awakened the world
to a realization that provisions fir
wealth and health, that economic
lutions. that legislation and reform,
all touch onlv tho outside of Hie total
human problem.
Many people are tired of dogmas nn l
forms, to a great extent, no doubt,
cause they do not understand them and
do not do them JumI. o. Ai many mor
are worse than weary of nothing nl
all wherln to believe and hope. W.i cr
eamers and employers, whole nation.
of people, our homes and ev.n our
churches are turning with wIMftil
longing and renewed conso -ration to
the light thit llghtelh evcrv man. an'l
craving the solutions and Inspiration
and sustaining help of liiimuiiiicl. "iJo.
with us." and seeking the fellowship
and the blessing of the rhun Ilea for
their worship, their work and their
play, and for all the deeper problems
anil emergencies of their Uvea.
write Kngllsh. II worked there for
two years, and. passing the New Yolk
hlph school examinations, entered the
School of Forestry, at Hi In University
He studied two years at Ohio end tlien
came West. After a four year's filulit
half way around the world, he reached
the University of Washington.
"I will never go back to Russia. "
said Schneider. "There would be noth
ing there for me but a prison cell or
slavery In Siberia."
Schneider Is 30 years old. On hla
graduation ho will make forrMry lis
profession. He lisa two brothers In
this country, one In huslnrsa mil th"
other In tlie army. Hla mothrr and
two sisters arc still living In Warsaw,
lie had had no word from tin in since
the beginning of tho war.
Five Washington professors lime
received invitations of mcmtcrslilp In
th Association of American Profes
sors, a body of scholars of acknow
ledged achievement In university ten li
Ing and research work, organized ilnr
Ing the last year. Teli mams uuiimim
Ing the rliosen member of the Wash
ington faculty were lecclvcd here yes
terday. The professors who hae been ankrd
to be members are: F. M. 1'nWrlforO.
head of tlie iJrp.-irtrn.nt of l.igllsh.
J. N. Bowman, assistant professor of
European history; It. l' Morlu. pro
fessor of nuit'iematlcs: II. tj. lUi-rs.
professor of chemistry: and J. Allen
Smith, professor f political sclt-iu-e
and economics.
lTofessor John Powry. of Columbia
University of New Yolk. Is president
of the Association, ami there is a coun
cil of SO professors berldcs the remilar
officers.
i