TTTE 'SUNDAY OREGOXIAN,' FORTLAyP, JAXTJARY 3,' 1915.
Dnnm
J W UJ L I
rich
anianf
tot
r- u
GLADIATORS :
two thousai
f If htlnc
St.
! M? vil1 J Battle of Romans and Oacian .1 I
11 t tBs'sH ' ffm (Ancient Roumanians), as Carved
if I ilCAr if jft on the Column of Trajan, In Rsme.
lj rV' 4 cV, : I&SOS -Tl- Balk.- b, WUlta- WlUefc. I
f'wrrMOfftel I
'JiJ RU$Sian.Turkish War of 1877. I I t&l&k mJh
ZJT i I to Whom Plevna's Defender, I - fW
BT RICKXRO O. CONOVER
R hfmrd It. but b hewlfd not h! r
Wre with hl iwm. ml Wit w "r
Be n?""ot at tb Uf. lie lcwt nor prlM.
Bui whr hia xud. hut by lh Dnub
lay
Tt.- irm hla Topnr barbarlana all at
Then "wm" their Baclan mother; he. their
Butcher-d'to mitt a Roman holldar.
Bvroa e Chllde Harold, CXLL
UIDIATOR3 slain in Roman arenas
thousand years ao were
forefathers of the
nr..nt ri.iv Roumanian soldier. This
aliant Unease Is still proudly and
definitely traced by the battler of the
Carpathians. The spirit of the ancient
word and shield warriors. who
thrilled thousands ere they sank to
death In the sand, has descended In
heroic heritage, deep and strong;
through the centuries. All of the war
rina; nations respect the prowess of the
little Blakan kingdom, and from the
moment the first gun of the great
European conflict was fired the diplo
matists of the opposing powers began
to seek the Roumanian alliance.
Famous battlefields form the founda
tln of the royal or Imperial structures
constituting the larger nations of the
world. Small as she is, a battlefield
Is the base of the Roumanian status
of today. In one night the valor of
her soldiers raised her from a princi
pality of two old-time provinces to
the dignity. of a country ruitu -King.
Thirty-seven years have passed
since that memorable Oate and every
one of these Vear. has expanded the 0,arles. smil-
descend ant, i icitD --
attle of Plevna, Where the Roumanian SoWler Outshone the
Russian.
Twm an" tr Vlme. -est at tke -e.
ery, with his single arm slaying nearly Caesar.
a score, the annals have u. .every
Roumanian soldier conducted himself
like a hero. Three Pachas were killed
and the Grand Vizier himself narrowly
escaped death in the marshes on the
retreat. The Sultan was so impressed
with the fighting qualities of the Rou
manian battler that he was giaa to
There are bridge piers still
nfnnrtlnir that suDDorted bridges con.
structed over the Danube by the
Romans, and on a road along that
river there is still a bronze tablet set
ting forth the achievements of Trajan.
The present day proficiency of the
Roumanian soldier is due In a great
measure to King Carol I. He was
make peace, and in the following year chosen to rule the country in 1RB when
sent a splendid embassage to treat wltn ne was rnnce vnar.e. 01
the Prince he could not conquer. whose father, a member of the non-
This great victory was not the fir,.t reigning branch of the great fam ly
of Michael against the Turks by any was cousin of Kaiser Ulhelm the
Roumania's ruler was always
the successful was a uonapane. r roni me
nv of 40 000 ne ascenaea tne Roumanian turuuv
The Rouma- KIn" Carol devoted his chief attention
means.
claimed for vassal by
Sultans. In 1593 an army
was sent to deoose him
nlan soldier smashed It, and twice aft- t0
erward the same fate overtook Turk
ish troops sent to impose punishment
and disaster on the Wallachians, as
the men of the province were more
often called.
Once, in fact, Michael anticipated an
invasion, and learning of the distant
approach of the Sultan's army crossed
the Danube on the Ice and routed the
the training and improvement of
his army to the point where, man for
man. it would be the equal of the beat
troops of any nation In the world. It
Is conceded that he has well accom
plished his purpose. Plevna proved It.
11 years after this Prince, who is of
an army drilling race, began his great
task.
Immediately subsequent to the fall of
enemy utterly. In this battle, aided e oman r.mpire wi ..
Prlnrs Aaron, ha "aa oienaeu wiwi in iBiU....
Mirtsehea, Famous Sohfier and Dip
lomatist of Mediaeval Roumania.
tVM Tke Balkaaa,- to WUIiea MUkr.
e O P. retatait Beat
CepjrlfM. UN
Kino Charles L, the Hero of
Russian-Turkish War of 1877,
to Whom Plevna's Defender,
Osman Pacha, Surrendered.
advanced to meet op-
Roumanian
m and fame of the
the Daclan to boundaries never hoped lng grimly.
for. portunity.
tt.. .mor.rts of shot-battered Thirty -five thousand
rievna as dawn broke September 1!. troops were mobilized immediately.
1S77 the 100.000 fighting men of three They were armed and equipped to the
nations beheld the royal standard of very top notch of efficiency and readl-
Boumania proudly floating In the ness as a result of 11 years of effort,
hreese of battle. Planting the shell- More than 100 cannon of modern pat-
, . , the stronghold of the tern were assembled for the army. The
Turk during the night had cost thon- Roumanian advance began at once and
Bands of Romanian lives. But so gal- they swept victoriously through Cail-
lant and heroic was the preformance atu Nickopolis, Smordanu and Rahoba.
. . i tha arth r,.ll ty,atr roa o.l thA lunction point
that the great " --- " - "
2
by the Moldavian
took great booty, and consternation
reigned in Constantinople.
Another militant ruler and diplomat
ist of whom the Roumanian soldier Is
proud was Mirtsehea the Old. After
"the famous battle of Nikopolls of 1396,
in which the Turk gained a great vic
tory over the mediaeval Balkan and
it up. Just before the first blow was otner confederate peoples, the Sultan
struck Roumania entered. sent an army into Wallachia. It was
King Carol's diplomatists contended BUpposea that the defeated and dls-
that as Roumania had done the late heartened condition of the Roumanians
allies a service by not taking arms wouia make them easy prey. Under the
against them some of the spoils of war stirrjng. rallying cry of Mirtsehea they
Tt was privately th and rirnVA them
intimated to the diplomatists of Bui- Daclc over tj,e frontier. Another ruler however.
aria that if the piece of long-desired held ln hlg.n repute was Stephen the
ihore line on the Euxine were ceded Great, who led the Roumanian soldier
to Roumania then King Carol's soldiers f rom tne Moldavian Province to a corn
would fight beside the battler of Fer- petB victory at Racova in 1475, tho
dinand to obtain the inclusive Mace- Turk as usual, being the enemy,
-j ; ,.nnHA, T3i.lfrAita desired. To- e e
u n,. n.ni.. nr T.otln descent of the provinces.
te:r:z z r kz r;e by se .thi;
. , ..i. 1 nnnrAaa nanrkla Tho V t TAT A It
tooTeenfy:1 tSt" thrVugh tVe carvings on the Column of back" with a good w-
she was a match for the entire Bal- Trajan at Rome, which Is an epitome elp1m,1I4;
kans. So she rejected with scorn the in marble of the conquest of the been ln,mh'enbyfohO4r00W)nr
Roumanian scheme and struck the first Roumanian. There are .nearly 3000 brave princes or head men for 40
AtA-mrh Tvar human Ti ciirea on mis column, ail IV . - . .
now held themselves radically Roman
ized, were swept hither and tliither
with the varying conquests and In
vasions and raids of succeeding boats
of barbarians. Out of It all there
gradually emerged, ln this particular
district, the two arena or provinces
Moldavia and Wallachia. Each of these
had its ruler from time to time, who
always had his hands full fighting
some outsider who led a lot of looters
with no ambition toward a nationality.
In turn, Russia, Hungary, Poland and
Turkey held these two provinces as
their nominal territory. None of them.
ever completely subdued
them or. ever obtained more than a
temporary submission.
At last political expediency forced
the other nations through their more
weighty troubles to generally accede ta
the suzerainty of Turkey over the
But the Roumanians them-
They
back were whipped now and then, but "cam
blow in the second or
fought by the peninsular states.
laton.enople of the Htt,e J"
On June 28, 1913. Bulgaria ended all Balkan kingdom. Trajan s legion, were ,
Duller against, mo iiiiun" -n4
well, liner inu v n. ,
The Ancient Rojanamaif SohSer Was a
Gladiator.
ft
p there was the Roumanian .flag flap- stead the . .f KM
allies and they
aurreed the deed had earned the glory wltb,
v - of . kingly throne. This was look,
the most valiant epoch of Roumanian -4 face, ef the Czar's soldiers.
v,.f. .n(i jt is the very sufficient began memorable Plevna.
tr, n onerles as to what man- . overshadowing everthing else
ping over the contested zone.
The interior of the redoubt was
.ro a dininTnntio settlement 01 leu as a
the spoils dispute by suddenly attack- Goths. Huns, Tartars. Turks and Mon-
ing the Servian position on the right gols. They married the Dacian women,
bank of the River Zlatovo. The Ser- who were already famed as the mothers
vians had occupied most of the posi- of the mighty men of brawn and cour-
tions held by them at. the end of their age who became trained gladiators f jr
successful campaign. exhibition in the Roman arena.
Desultory fighting had occurred be- This was A. D. 105. Trajan ce e-
tween the Greeks and Bulgarian troops brated his triumpn over uauia
. .h -Pe-halon district. annexation to the Roman Empire with
Also around Salonica. All through games that lasted 123 days,
,r t tbl had erone on be- which 11,000 wild, beasts and
, the negotiations for the divi- Daclan gladiators, made prisoners dur-
. 1,0 tvr,n- nut so ina- the invasion, were killed.
SlOn OI LCI 1 1 LUl J uau " - " . . . .
long that the trops became restive, descendants of these Dacians have held
June 30 the Greeks'and Servians made their ground on the spot where they
an attack on Bulgaria along the lines first met the Roman legionaries. They
of the new frontiers each claimed. The are proud of the blend with the con
Roumanian diplomatist turned to King queror and point out that they are of
Carol and said: "It is sufficient.' It Is Latin and not Slav ancestry for nearly
the recess hour for diplomcy. The time 20 centuries. They give Latin names
..r hs come. Advance!" to their children. They celebrate many
the
boyards, began to send their young men
to Germany and France to be eduacted
In the universities.
Following the Crimean War an
agreement was made between Moldavia
and Wallachia to consolidate. In 185
Colonel Alexander Couza was mad
ruler. He reigned until the night of
during February 23, 1866, when the military
10 000 leaers r a cabal formed against him.
burst ?nto nis room ana iorcea mm w
t, sign an abdication proclamation. Then
X 1,0 . . ... . l 1 . A
ne was nurriea over in. puraw m
hunt made for an acceptable sovereign.
The peace strength of the Roumanian
army is 95,000 men. The reserves num
ber 100,000 men. The total war strength
of the country is put down at 600,000
men, with 175.000 additional available)
ror duty but unorganized. The popula
tion of the country Is 7,600,000 and the
oiled eTarIa, Servia, Greece and Montenegro, Boumariia mobilized her army July 3. ancient Roman holidays, wearing robes areR B2 760 ,quare miles. Thua the
. . 1 , - imanat rt flrtll . . - , . , i . 1 A MnnllArnrL I 1 . I . nnn Milt In th.
k tt.a HAOI f1Vltl7 Mill! wfiui,uu. . . . ,
looked with proud eyes into the defeat- ... Z -.rT' i.. ir, one Roumania arrayed on the siae 01 mo
Then . - - flra Sultan.
lnaistinsruisnaoie raajss.
n,mdei who would have been dismayed to find .inst Bulgaria was declared in imitation of the world conquerors. Bpirited little kingdom can put
ana wouuc. . . .v. .m. n th war agiiiai. . . . , . fro- .. i.t n 11 ..IH .hnnt one man ll
July 10.
very next day.
leveled against the spot had prevented It may be gathered from tnis conquering march through Tsar er
. Lv:, ... h f, many the Roumanian soldier in lifting his Ais., territory. Whatever opposi-
of fighting man the Carpathian nected with the defeat of the brilliant ambulance aid nor country to a commanding place in state t,on there wa3 waa swept aside de-
n the
... . , i.A .1 . . t .1 v. .. . nn man In ,var
Silistria was occupied tne Even their oxen ana norra neiu. an lu T,i
Then followed a swift, quently called Casslus ana arum. u
. MM- I i aU.J not a lltllO bV .. . a J ,ka
water for the survivors. Veterans ot w V . . cisiveiy. uay aiLer j
other wars contemplating the awful the Roumanian diplomatist. In fact. j limited by the physical pow-
other wars coniempiat ns ,.., the" treatment of the entire Balkan - tha Roumanian soldier in
,t of Rou- . and feared aa tne oa " clasn of 1912.1S Iuliy demonstrated the marchlnf,fiehtln6- only hurried him
mania's battler afPlevna, In the kus- rnrrnl,,.hlA nf .n the Turkish de- . ' , riiRr,nte ability of the HtUe kingdom to meet , B Juiy 31 the Roumanian
. . . . , .- . in tt Htall - . was no one wim - . t - - ....
o-Turklsn var t " fenses before Plevna. It wa called Dy n , f tbe ctory with the Rou- the emergency
and the nor. remarkable it becomes. RulanJ1 .-u.. dreaded redoubt." "f' flon it. and of strict neutrt
soldier has shown himself to be.
yrdanr beeneeerihet emagreiD-
e
Consider the achievement of
Osman Pasha is the capture of the
celebrated Grivitza redoubt and it was
jou raptured by Roumanian soldiers. This
PUDDING USED AS SHELL
A
, outaone w, had cau8 t call ,t BO for - effectively that hla country from the maintenance 01 eitner Tn,s remarkabie progress was too
clpallty. The Caars f it. done It so .well ana eii ' -ttitude. . mrh to overcome. Ferdinand cried
------ - - nae, al uio ----- ,. , . h,n that
wane ureeue, v.... armistice. m Bi,...fc.ww
xiie-htv Russia was
iu. ninv Roa Drln
army had marched through her terri
tory n route to the Sultana bound
aries Permission had been asked to
pass "her frontiers, but In a joking sort
of a way. ltke a big mastiff might say
. ,lnv black and tan that he'd Just
like to walk by him on the front lawn.
of aggressive war or ,., WRra within 20 miles of
He had aone it. and of strict neutrality, with profit to tha BotlCLw Bulgarian capital.
lines time after time, leaving their
dead In piles. The Roumanian soldier
and got ready. This is how he took the
redoubt:
At 1:30 o'clock in the afternoon of
ALTHOUGH Germany surprised dust or smoue, out exiruDis com
the world with the z-centi- produced com so mienae u
. i..ii.r anil it is said felt it mvself when I have dropped my
a,,n- .tin further surprises first bomb at a height of about SO
In the shape of a new war Zeppelin feet. I was taking great chances by
and a ,48-centimeter gun, the French flying so low,- but I wished to see th
also say that they have their surprises effect of the bomb.
for the Germans, some of which hav "it fell on a section of Germans
already made a record. They are: bivouacking in a field. I estimated that
1. A new gas bomb. least 30 men were ki led within , th.
. . , w i.v,.. an .-. ot th. .in 01 on. Had they been
,erhe 'irirsovereTgn: asstmin h er hummed a war tune, polished up been m tho Bulgarian soldier's chief a by aviatrT for th massed more densely mor. would hav.
. ' ... . , . j iv. his sword and oiled' his rifle lock. city. . x., i- v,,iiso heen killed.
rin.nd.had no other way. purpose i
clinched his claims.
' .' 1 r,.i... w. ficrhtine- Turkey to j.t. Twati tv-four hours longer
1 1 1 .t hi. trt.n tie-hter After tne war o v .no,f,,i finish tha Roumanian sol- ,, th. Rminmlan soldier would have
. ." t-VrT- " I. .Z :Z herself a kingdom, wltn tr.nce hd no r .1 L p,,i soldier's
Roumania tnougni 11 " ... ..... . ... . nnitaj that vu
to th. passe of the big Russian army Russians auu upon me w ,dual CSiInD&lgn, the Roumanian sol- at IshUb and Kotchana. The second - --- There is nothing wonderful about th.
It Is easy to se. why. ' manian. attacked th. redoubt. rney made or tne iron " '"T aier raised . his brow, and looked Balkan war was. over. Roumania got aia, nas " I bomb when w. consider th. fright
But a. th. tramp, tramp, tramp of wer. repulsed with great slaughter. At Turkish cannon towarfl Z Roumanian, diplomatist. 8trIp on th. Euxine. and Salonika, 'ZlL etl Trow six ful force of an exploding hydrogen
th. ftzfl .oldler. sounded on Rou- ,:So o'clock, with a new Roumanian Personally had f""" who Bm,ied sagely and shook his head, ardenUy coveted by Bulgaria and one. . ,"",,00 , which Jan be cylinder, which often wreck, an .ntlr.
manian aoll officer, w.r. keenly ob- fore, at th. lead, followed by two Bus- When the nations met to talk over th. wno trouble began. Jolntly occupied by her. Is still BO miles Inches in lenfth- ' "n'Cj a Cy ' ' Th6 bomb ,. constructed on
",ng th. .normou. Increase in Rou- an regiments, another attack Jras peace ' " J". Sugaria wanted tne lion's share of th. fom the Bulgarian frontier a, newly ."said to have a driving that prfnclple. It. material I. a secret,
manian military strength and efficiency, made. Bayonets clashed and crossed in agreed that the capture Bpo aeeming herself the lion ln th. marked.. ator- S "unds when Topped from but It can be readily conveyed to u.y
Prmc Char..th. Ilttl. .Principality ""vur-n"-!-.? w'ar successfully ended. She had met Next to his desperate hU " U"d aeroplane base and the bomb, can b.
ruler, thought It worm n.. w ........ " 7 " .ij ,h. f th. Ron- and defeated the main forces 01 tne brillant showing at i-jevna ine " ,, .viator who has used both easily filled by the aviator or ni. aa-
troop. and troop, and then more troop, carried. At T P. M.. the Turks made 'l1. Turk ad had occupied Adrlanople, the n,an 80ldier points with" pride to the the new gas 'istant before he starts.--P.rl. Cor.
beat to consent September 11.1S77, eicht battalions of manian soldier. The crown
- 1 T . A morlr th HIS BWOfU Ulicu
econk,rBof7he'valor of th"e' Rou! Wh- each of the confederated nations
Dialed had captured and occupied the Turkish The Greeks faoed him at Koesna Pass
, . ... . a 1 I .. . . j I him haolr
been killed.
a .hell nistoL which, it Is said, "Death from these Domos com-. ,n-
occup.eo u The UreeKS tagea mm - d aetonate a Zeppelin. stantly from intense cou
the goal of Its indi- and the Servians had forced him back will Ignite ana which, it ls bration produced by th
the Roumanian sol- t ishtib and Kotchana. The second .. , . , nothlns: wonder
stantly from intense cold and th. vl-
concussion.
ln evolution a. the invaders of Turkey a counter charge and recaptured the
passed through. Th. Russian officer, redoubt. Prince Charles and the Grand
remembered what they saw when, a Duke Nicholas consulted, and the Rus-
w..ka later, they met with revere, alan commander believed It was use-
nnrM oa the road toward Con- less to risk another attack..
mamuu , , , .,. , ,h. wnr ni..
made. ' . -
T,..-. th. Hohi. Mk., war of Her diplomatists assumed an arro
1913-13 the kingdom of Carol X. demon
elorious battle of Giugevo, lougni - . , T -, New York Times.
. , Knmh .flirt TO & rCUUIlCt V. - '
August 13, 1595. Tne Koumaman ruwr " . ;
atrated that iu nrttge wa. .uperlor federates and demanded about all of stlU sung in ballad and story as th. 5; aeen frora
'V1?.'..-".' HieedonU. 'tor her reward, either great conqueror and welder of Ws weight; out when the dy-
the celebrated Michael the Brave, In regard to them:
Roller Towels.
(Argonaut)
A New York salesman teila at a stay
3. w . .a- uU.v.. " . u...i. for her -reward., either trreat conqueror ana uo - . w,.. th. H
tanUnopl. and wcr. flnally Kiuced to But the Roumanian Mng Knew th. to that of any of th. other state. 01 - (Ut.ana.o annexation or a. country. Thl. battle was fought to a pon . body of men made by him at a Western hot.l wh.r.
a de.P.rat. Plight brfor. Plevna. - -oJ T'iJTl TllTJlTfl it- th. result of a craftUy proposed Mace- narrow defile and has been caUed he -J hJieB leap up ,n th9 h, obBerved an old-faahioned roller
August
Nicholas.
S, 1877. th. Grand. Duke night no ronnea a Roumanian nnzaao oecom. part 01 mo caia.u vuu.u
commanding ma uer. .a. . .....k. ... u. ,.,., nt allies refused
donlan autonomy.
Thermopylae of Roumania. It wa the J volcano in ac- towel. "Say." asked the Gothamit. of
-r,,.i7 it 1. nlwavs the Turk in any , , ...h-oom "dnn't th.
. reiuoeu . tlnn a man in -"
t Tsar Ker- Balkan fight who advanced upon the l';,v 4V hrt it aim- on., nf thl. hotel know that Its
-. .. h.o tisil near "mu luc " . . . . . . 1111..1.
w-...- - -- . w-. h k d ,, oi.rto-l dinand the carcass proper. Bo iinaiiy niv lavs everything out flat witnin tne agrainst trie law 01 idi
dom. "Hurry ov.r tne whum to our i awaca. m. ,.vu. th. moulderinir discord burst Into Bucharest. The -urana vu.Er, wau ;- - Ks expiOBion. Men go down - use rol,er towels now?" "He Know.
troops, telegraphed th. historical call th. glory of th. Carpathian battler. A It Is even said that a secret under- Bulgaria, a ""'
,, that rnad. Roumania a king- third assault was made In the dark, standing was had wltn tne woman ,
aid and you can make your own con
dition a. to reward! Com. quickly.
. ...o tho Sultan's forces, uniunea me omuu- m.nin buildings collapse ,v..
Four gun. fusal to taK. part in a movement Z... ..-..t -ith ni. rd of th prophet to incite Ottoman rd hOUaes. guns are overturned as 11 . ,h.t ,. w..n't nassed
. 1 M -. I. . n th. W.r. BI naiKUU. D lUl n.H. . - uimpcui
death they ran and won.
area
like
that th. r.ward may be greater! W. and a standard wer. among their tro- was popular worked no harm to in. were - lata valor. . "Tmosion raise, no particular when thl. towel was put up,
ar In th. enter of a clrcl. of Turk.! phlea. They di4 not bra, of their Roumanian people, as might hav. been saria " f reafl mlx Mlchaei performed prodigies of brav-. "Th. explosion raise, no particular
buildings collapse like
said the man ad-
Hurry I"
. center ot a circle or Turaai pnies. iney am not d u " - . . ttlm n,lrlp readv to mix
Th,. TO th. b.tanc. of achi.retn.nt, and when the run cam .upposed In most circumstance.; In, ylctorle. .over. th. Turk, ready to mix